CN110878234A - 一种抗菌织物洗涤剂 - Google Patents
一种抗菌织物洗涤剂 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN110878234A CN110878234A CN201911043817.6A CN201911043817A CN110878234A CN 110878234 A CN110878234 A CN 110878234A CN 201911043817 A CN201911043817 A CN 201911043817A CN 110878234 A CN110878234 A CN 110878234A
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- Prior art keywords
- antibacterial
- surfactant
- silver
- agent
- antibacterial agent
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种抗菌织物洗涤剂，本发明的抗菌织物洗涤剂包括表面活性剂体系、抗菌剂、防腐剂和香精；所述表面活性剂体系为阴离子表面活性剂、非离子表面活性剂、两性表面活性剂中的一种或一种以上的组合；所述抗菌剂为包括大麻二酚和银抗菌剂的组合物，所述抗菌织物洗涤剂的表面活性剂体系含量为10％‑95％。与现有技术相比，本发明的一种抗菌织物洗涤剂，应用于织物洗涤，不仅能有效的去除织物上的脏污、茶渍等，且本发明的洗涤剂本身还具有抑菌、抗菌的功效，能有效的增强织物的抑菌能力。且本发明的洗涤剂还具有除臭的功效。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于日化生产技术领域，具体涉及一种抗菌织物洗涤剂。
背景技术
织物用品，比如毛巾、男女衬衫以及贴身衣物，一些细菌很容易粘附于这些纺织品上并在该纺织品上寄生，一般的洗涤剂产品抑菌能力都较弱，需要在洗涤产品中增加抑菌能力较强的抗菌剂。
银系抗菌剂有着很长的应用历史，对人类的健康发挥了很大的作用。并且就安全性和抗菌效果而言，无机银系抗菌剂及银系复合抗菌剂更具长效、高效、广谱和安全等优势。早在古代人们就发现了银具有天然的抗菌性和安全性。那时，古埃及人知道用薄银片覆盖伤口来防止细菌感染，加速伤口愈合蒙古族人知道用银器盛装羊奶可以保鲜我国明代医学家李时珍在《本草纲目》中记述银屑有安五脏、定心神、止惊悸、除邪气等作用久服能轻身延年，生银味辛寒、无毒中医用银诊治有关疾病,西医用银治疡的记载也有100余年。1884年，德国产科医生Crede将浓度1％的硝酸银溶液滴入新生儿眼中，预防新生儿结膜炎，使婴儿的失明率从10％降至0.2％，许多国家直到今天仍在使用Crede预防法，我国也不例外。1893年，试验发现银对细菌等微生物具有杀灭作用，直到今天，银在医学上有了更广泛的作用。0.5％的硝酸银是医治烧伤和创伤的标准溶液；10～20％硝酸银涂抹可治疗子宫糜烂。研究发现，银对各种致病细菌如大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌等都有很强的杀灭效果，而且所需浓度极低，一般用量为10-6(质量分数)即可灭菌。在安全性方面，银为人体内的组织成分之一，用浓度很低的银离子处理后的细胞没有明显的细胞聚集、细胞变形、细胞溶解和pH值等的变化，可见少量的银离子对人体没有明显的伤害作用。因此将银系抗菌剂用于纺织品的抗菌功能改进方面，具有足够的安全性。
银抗菌剂作为无机抗菌剂有许多优点，但其性质不稳定，纳米银容易团聚而变色，银离子易转变成为棕色的氧化银或经紫外光催化还原为黑色的单质银，不但影响了产品的外在质量，而且影响了抗菌性能。复合型抗菌剂将是抗菌材料发展的方向，许多研究证明复合型比单个金属抗菌剂的抗菌效果要好得多。
发明内容
基于此，本发明的目的在于，提供一种抗菌织物洗涤剂，以有效克服现有技术中的不足。
为达到上述目的，本发明采用如下技术方案：
一种抗菌织物洗涤剂，所述抗菌织物洗涤剂包括表面活性剂体系、抗菌剂、防腐剂和香精；所述表面活性剂体系为阴离子表面活性剂、非离子表面活性剂、两性表面活性剂中的一种或一种以上的组合；所述表面活性剂体系的含量为10％-95％。
与现有技术相比，本发明的一种抗菌织物洗涤剂，通过向具有去污能力的表面活性剂体系中添加抗菌剂，抗菌剂中大麻二酚可以有效的稳定银抗菌剂，并能增强银抗菌剂的药效，使得抗菌能力更强。应用于织物洗涤，不仅能有效的去除织物上的脏污、茶渍等，且本发明的洗涤剂本身还具有抑菌、抗菌的功效，能有效的增强织物的抑菌能力。且本发明的洗涤剂还具有除臭的功效。
进一步地，所述抗菌剂的用量为0.1-3％，所述抗菌剂中的总银含量为150～1500ppm，大麻二酚含量为2.5～50ppm；所述大麻二酚与总银的质量比为1:3-1:150。
进一步地，所述银抗菌剂为胶态银单质、银离子或银络离子中的一种或一种以上混合物。
进一步地，所述阴离子表面活性剂在表面活性剂体系的重量百分比为0～100％，非离子表面活性剂在表面活性剂体系的重量百分比为0～100％，两性表面活性剂在表面活性剂体系的重量百分比为0～20％。
进一步地，所述阴离子表面活性剂为直链烷基苯磺酸盐、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚硫酸盐、脂肪醇硫酸盐、α-烯烃磺酸盐、脂肪酸甲酯磺酸盐、仲烷基磺酸盐、脂肪酸、脂肪醇聚醚羧酸盐中的一种或一种以上混合物；所述阴离子表面活性剂为钠盐、铵盐、钾盐、单乙醇胺盐、二乙醇胺盐、三乙醇胺盐、异丙胺盐，烷基或脂肪醇碳链为C8-C18单一碳链及混合碳链。
进一步地，所述非离子表面活性剂为烷醇聚氧乙烯醚、烷基糖苷、脂肪酸甲酯乙氧基化物、烷醇酰胺中一种或一种以上混合物，且所述非离子表面活性剂的烷基为C8-C16的直链或支链饱和烷基，聚氧乙烯醚的EO加合数为2-12。
进一步地，所述两性表面活性剂为甜菜碱型表面活性剂、咪唑啉型表面活性剂、氧化胺型两性表面活性剂中的一种或一种以上混合物。
进一步地，所述抗菌织物洗涤剂中还包含有溶剂、酶、pH调节剂、螯合剂、高分子洗涤剂助剂、色素、水溶性硅油柔软剂、消泡剂、增稠剂。
本发明的一种抗菌织物洗涤剂，将至少一种表面活性剂与抗菌剂一起使用，所述抗菌剂为大麻二酚与银系抗菌剂复配组合成复配型的抗菌剂。其中大麻二酚可以起到稳定银抗菌剂作用，保证银不发生物理及化学反应，离子态的银不与洗涤剂配方中的氯离子反应，保证银离子的有效性，使得产品不发黄。而且大麻二酚还可以增强银抗菌剂的杀菌抑菌效果。另外，大麻二酚与银抗菌剂配合应用于织物洗涤，可以有效的提升对茶渍的去污效果，并且也增加了除臭效果。
为了更好地理解和实施，下面详细说明本发明。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明作进一步详细描述。
本发明的一种抗菌织物洗涤剂，所述抗菌织物洗涤剂包括表面活性剂体系、抗菌剂、防腐剂和香精。所述抗菌织物洗涤剂的表面活性剂体系含量为10％-95％。
所述抗菌剂为包括大麻二酚和银抗菌剂的组合物，所述银抗菌剂为胶态银单质、银离子或银络离子中的一种或一种以上混合物。
所述抗菌剂中的总银含量为150～1500ppm，大麻二酚含量为2.5～50ppm；所述大麻二酚与总银的质量比为1:3-1:150。所述抗菌剂的用量为0.1-3％。
大麻二酚(Cannabidiol)简称CBD，形状为白色至淡黄色树脂或结晶，熔点66-67℃，几乎不溶于水或者10％的氢氧化钠溶液，溶于乙醇、甲醇、乙醚、苯、氯仿及石油醚。大麻二酚是药用植物大麻中的主要化学成分，提取自雌性大麻植株，是大麻中的非成瘾性成分，具有抗痉挛、抗焦虑、抗炎等药理作用。CBD不仅可以作用于多种疑难疾病的治疗，还可以有效地消除四氢大麻酚(THC)对人体产生的致幻作用，被称为“反毒品化合物”(anti-marijuana compound)。
所述的大麻二酚来源于天然植物提取或化学合成。
大麻二酚的植物提取：从四氢大麻酚(THC)含量低于0.3％的成熟的工业大麻茎提取获得。
大麻二酚的生物合成途径：CBD化学结构中的C10萜烯部分的合成主要是通过磷酸脱氧木酮糖途径，苯酚部分则来自多聚乙酰型反应链(polyketide-type reactionsequence)，并认为香叶基二磷酸(GPP)和多聚乙酸olivetolicacid(OA)是大麻化学成分合成途径中的特殊中间产物。人们已经发现了由大麻萜酚(CBG)合成CBD的CBD合酶。首先异戊烯二磷酸(IPP)和二甲基丙烯基二磷酸(DM APP)反应，生成的GPP再与OA反应生成CBG，CBG在CBD合酶的作用下生成CBD、THC及其羧酸化合物。
大麻二酚的化学合成途径：大麻二酚的化学合成途径文献报道很多，最经典的合成方法见下：
大麻二酚(CBD)最经典的合成方法
对薄荷-2,8-二烯-1-醇(1)与5-戊基-1,3-苯二酚(2)在BF3的催化下反应，反应得到3种产物，其中CBD的得率为41％。由于原料比较容易得到、反应简单，CBD产率也较高，因此在很长一段时期被作为合成CBD的常用方法。
所述表面活性剂体系为阴离子表面活性剂、非离子表面活性剂、两性表面活性剂中的一种或一种以上的组合。所述阴离子表面活性剂在表面活性剂体系的重量百分比为0～100％，非离子表面活性剂在表面活性剂体系的重量百分比为0～100％，两性表面活性剂在表面活性剂体系的重量百分比为0～20％。
具体的，所述阴离子表面活性剂为直链烷基苯磺酸盐、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚硫酸盐、脂肪醇硫酸盐、α-烯烃磺酸盐、脂肪酸甲酯磺酸盐、仲烷基磺酸盐、脂肪酸、脂肪醇聚醚羧酸盐中的一种或一种以上混合物；所述阴离子表面活性剂为钠盐、铵盐、钾盐、单乙醇胺盐、二乙醇胺盐、三乙醇胺盐、异丙胺盐，烷基或脂肪醇碳链为C8-C18单一碳链及混合碳链。
具体的，所述非离子表面活性剂为烷醇聚氧乙烯醚、烷基糖苷、脂肪酸甲酯乙氧基化物、烷醇酰胺中一种或一种以上混合物，且所述非离子表面活性剂的烷基为C8-C16的直链或支链饱和烷基，聚氧乙烯醚的EO加合数为2-12。
具体的，所述两性表面活性剂为甜菜碱型表面活性剂、咪唑啉型表面活性剂、氧化胺型两性表面活性剂中的一种或一种以上混合物。
具体的，所述抗菌织物洗涤剂中还包含有溶剂、酶、pH调节剂、螯合剂、高分子洗涤剂助剂、色素、水溶性硅油柔软剂、消泡剂、增稠剂和余量的水。所述高分子洗涤助剂和酶可以增强洗涤剂的洗涤效果。可以根据实际需要有选择的性的添加。所述pH调节剂、螯合剂、色素、水溶性硅油柔软剂、消泡剂和增稠剂作为洗涤剂中的助剂，起到调节、消泡等作用，使得洗涤剂在使用过程中效果更加好。
本发明的抗菌织物洗涤剂，可应用于制作普通洗衣液、浓缩洗衣液、或使用水溶性膜包装得到洗衣囊包。通过抗菌剂与表面活性剂的配合，再加上酶和高分子洗涤剂助剂的协助去污作用，使得本发明的织物洗涤剂不仅洗涤效果好，还具有杀菌的作用。应用于织物洗涤，可以使织物具有持续的抗菌性能。而消泡剂、增稠剂的可以调节产品形态，使得各有效物质混合的更加均匀。水溶性硅油柔软剂可以令洗涤后衣物柔软。
下面通过几个具体的实施例来说明本发明的抗菌织物洗涤剂的具体组成以及使用效果。
表格1，本表格展示出本发明的抗菌织物洗涤剂实施例1-5的基础配方(不添加抗菌剂)。
下面对表格1所述的各实施例对大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌和白色念珠菌的杀菌和抑菌能力的测试效果。还列举出基础配方中，对于织物的抑菌率、除臭率、以及对茶渍的去污力。
抗菌抑菌性能：根据标准WS/T 650—2019抗菌和抑菌效果评价方法中的5.1.1悬液定量抑菌试验和5.2.1悬液定量杀菌试验进行，试验浓度为1％。
织物的抑菌率测试：选择大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌为菌种，参照GB/T20944.3—2008《纺织品抗菌性能的评价第3部：振荡法》测试，洗涤方法按标准GB/T20944.3—2008中10.1.1，洗涤剂采用实施例所列举的配方，洗涤剂浓度为2g/L。
除臭率测试：以氨气为臭气洗涤后织物的消臭性能，洗涤步骤与抗菌效果测试一样。将织物剪成直径4cm的圆形，吸取0.1mL的氨水于玻璃皿上，将玻璃皿放置在干燥器底部，织物置于干燥器托盘上，吸氨14h，吸氨结束后，用100.0mL蒸馏水于40℃萃取2h。采用HJ534-2009《环境空气氨的测定次氯酸钠-水杨酸分光光度法》测定萃取液中的氨含量，通过未整理织物与整理后织物上吸附氨的插值除以未整理织物吸附氨的值，间接得出整理织物的除臭率。
茶渍的去污能力测试：选择WFK的茶渍污布，WFK 10J，参照GB/T 13174-2008《衣料用洗涤剂去污力及循环洗涤性能的测定》及第一号修改单，洗涤剂采用实施例列举的配方，洗涤剂浓度为2g/L，标准洗涤剂的去污力为1.00。
测试结果如表格2所示
表格2
由上述表格1和表格2可知，实施例1-5展示出的基础配方，在不添加抗菌物质的情况下，实施例1-6的对大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌和白色念珠菌的杀菌和抑菌能力都很差。而且对于织物的抑菌率、除臭率和去茶渍能力也很差。
效果实验
1、洗涤剂的抑菌、杀菌性能测试
下面是在基础配方的基础上，有选择性的添加抗菌物质，所添加的抗菌物质分别为表格3-5所列举出的物质。
表格3，本表格列举出本发明几组不同银含量的银抗菌剂。
表格4，本表格列举出本发明几组大麻提取物中活性物质酚类、黄酮类的含量。
表格5，本表格列举出几种抗菌剂的具体组成。
由上述表格3-5可知，本发明的抗菌剂1-4分别由银抗菌剂1-4和大麻提取物1-4对应组成。
表格6，本表为向实施例1添加表格3-5中的各抗菌物质后，对各实施例1的洗涤剂抑菌性能和杀菌性能的测试效果。
表格7，本表为向实施例2添加表格3-5中的各抗菌物质后，对各实施例1的洗涤剂抑菌性能和杀菌性能的测试效果。效果测试方法与表格2相同。
表格8，本表为向实施例3添加表格3-5中的各抗菌物质后，对各实施例1的洗涤剂抑菌性能和杀菌性能的测试效果。效果测试方法与表格2相同
表格9，本表为向实施例4添加表格3-5中的各抗菌物质后，对各实施例1的洗涤剂抑菌性能和杀菌性能的测试效果。效果测试方法与表格2相同。
表格10，本表为向实施例5添加表格3-5中的各抗菌物质后，对各实施例1的洗涤剂抑菌性能和杀菌性能的测试效果。效果测试方法与表格2相同
由上述表格6-10所示，表格6-10分别列举出向各实施例的基础配方中添加抗菌剂、银抗菌剂以及大麻二酚后的抑菌性能以及杀菌性能。测试方法同表格2中所作方法相同。同表2对比可知，单独添加银抗菌剂和大麻二酚，对洗涤剂的抑菌和杀菌性能有所提高，银抗菌剂杀菌效果较大麻二酚更好。而添加本发明的抗菌剂后，洗涤剂的抑菌性能和杀菌性能大大的提高，比单独使用银抗菌剂的效果更好。可知，本发明的抗菌剂，大麻二酚与银抗菌剂复配，大麻二酚能显著地增加银抗菌剂的杀菌抑菌效果。
2、织物抑菌率、除臭率以及对茶渍的去污能力测试
下面向本发明的表格1所列举的实施例1-5的基础配方中添加表格3-5所述的抗菌物质，由此来验证织物的抑菌率、除臭率以及对茶渍的去污能力测试。
表格11，本表为向实施例1的基础配方中添加各抗菌物质后织物抑菌率、除臭率以及对茶渍的去污能力。效果测试方法与表格2相同。
表格12，本表为向实施例2的基础配方中添加各抗菌物质后织物抑菌率、除臭率以及对茶渍的去污能力。效果测试方法与表格2相同。
表格13，本表为向实施例3的基础配方中添加各抗菌物质后织物抑菌率、除臭率以及对茶渍的去污能力。效果测试方法与表格2相同。
表格14，本表为向实施例4的基础配方中添加各抗菌物质后织物抑菌率、除臭率以及对茶渍的去污能力。效果测试方法与表格2相同。
表格15，本表为向实施例5的基础配方中添加各抗菌物质后织物抑菌率、除臭率以及对茶渍的去污能力。效果测试方法与表格2相同。
表格11-15分别为添加抗菌剂后对织物抑菌率、除臭率、茶渍去污能力的影响。通过与表格2的对比结果可知，对于织物抑菌率，单独添加银抗菌剂能增强织物的抑菌率，而单独添加大麻二酚对织物抑菌率变化不大，但是添加本发明的抗菌剂(包含银抗菌剂和大麻二酚)，织物抑菌率大大的提高，比单独使用银抗菌剂效果更好，所以大麻二酚能显著增强银抗菌剂的抗菌效果。对于织物的除臭率，通过与表格2相比对可知，单独添加银抗菌剂和大麻二酚都能在一定程度上增加织物的除臭率，但是其效果都不如添加本发明的抗菌剂，添加本发明的抗菌剂后，织物的除臭率大大增加，除臭效果更好。本发明的洗涤剂可以提升茶渍的去污能力。根据实验数据可知，单独添加银抗菌剂并不能提升对茶渍的去污效果，添加大麻二酚能在一定程度上增加对茶渍的去污能力，但是通过添加本发明的抗菌剂，可以显著提升对茶渍的去污力效果。可见，大麻二酚同银抗菌剂复配使用相较于单独使用两者，具有更好的杀菌、抑菌性能，织物抗菌性能也有所增加，除臭效果更强，还具有更好的去除茶渍的效果。
本发明的抗菌剂同表面活性剂和其他物质进行复配得到的抗菌织物洗涤剂，不仅能去除织物上的污渍和茶渍，还能对织物进行杀菌，使得织物具有很强的抑菌性能。抗菌剂中大麻二酚可以有效的稳定银抗菌剂，并能增强银抗菌剂的抗菌效果，使得洗涤剂的抗菌能力更强。
以上所述实施例仅表达了本发明的几种实施方式，其描述较为具体和详细，但并不能因此而理解为对发明专利范围的限制。应当指出的是，对于本领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明构思的前提下，还可以做出若干变形和改进，这些都属于本发明的保护范围。
Claims (8)
1.一种抗菌织物洗涤剂，其特征在于，所述抗菌织物洗涤剂包括表面活性剂体系、抗菌剂、防腐剂和香精；
所述表面活性剂体系为阴离子表面活性剂、非离子表面活性剂、两性表面活性剂中的一种或一种以上的组合；
所述抗菌剂为包括大麻二酚和银抗菌剂的组合物；
所述表面活性剂体系的含量为10％-95％。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种抗菌织物洗涤剂，其特征在于：所述抗菌剂的用量为0.1-3％，所述抗菌剂中的总银含量为150～1500ppm，大麻二酚含量为2.5～50ppm；所述大麻二酚与总银的质量比为1:3-1:150。
3.根据权利要求2所述的一种抗菌织物洗涤剂，其特征在于：所述银抗菌剂为胶态银单质、银离子或银络离子中的一种或一种以上混合物。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种抗菌织物洗涤剂，其特征在于：所述阴离子表面活性剂在表面活性剂体系的重量百分比为0～100％，非离子表面活性剂在表面活性剂体系的重量百分比为0～100％，两性表面活性剂在表面活性剂体系的重量百分比为0～20％。
5.根据权利要求1-4任意一项所述的一种抗菌织物洗涤剂，其特征在于：所述阴离子表面活性剂为直链烷基苯磺酸盐、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚硫酸盐、脂肪醇硫酸盐、α-烯烃磺酸盐、脂肪酸甲酯磺酸盐、仲烷基磺酸盐、脂肪酸、脂肪醇聚醚羧酸盐中的一种或一种以上混合物；所述阴离子表面活性剂为钠盐、铵盐、钾盐、单乙醇胺盐、二乙醇胺盐、三乙醇胺盐、异丙胺盐，烷基或脂肪醇碳链为C8-C18单一碳链及混合碳链。
6.根据权利要求1-4任意一项所述的一种抗菌织物洗涤剂，其特征在于：所述非离子表面活性剂为烷醇聚氧乙烯醚、烷基糖苷、脂肪酸甲酯乙氧基化物、烷醇酰胺中一种或一种以上混合物，且所述非离子表面活性剂的烷基为C8-C16的直链或支链饱和烷基，聚氧乙烯醚的EO加合数为2-12。
7.根据权利要求1-4任意一项所述的一种抗菌织物洗涤剂，其特征在于：所述两性表面活性剂为甜菜碱型表面活性剂、咪唑啉型表面活性剂、氧化胺型两性表面活性剂中的一种或一种以上混合物。
8.根据权利要求1-4任意一项所述的一种抗菌织物洗涤剂，其特征在于：所述抗菌织物洗涤剂中还包含有溶剂、酶、pH调节剂、螯合剂、高分子洗涤剂助剂、色素、水溶性硅油柔软剂、消泡剂、增稠剂。
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