CN110876972A

CN110876972A - Crushing device

Info

Publication number: CN110876972A
Application number: CN201911290271.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 袁靖; 周翔; 汪樱; 王坚
Original assignee: Suzhou Garnor Environmental Engineering Co Ltd
Current assignee: Suzhou Garnor Environmental Engineering Co Ltd
Priority date: 2019-12-16
Filing date: 2019-12-16
Publication date: 2020-03-13
Anticipated expiration: 2039-12-16
Also published as: CN110876972B

Abstract

The invention provides a crushing device which comprises a case, a main shaft, a mounting disc, hammers and a driving piece, wherein the main shaft, the mounting disc and the hammers are arranged in the case, the main shaft extends along a first direction, two ends of the main shaft are connected with the case, the driving piece drives the main shaft to rotate around the central axis of the main shaft, the mounting disc is sleeved on the main shaft, the hammers are provided with a plurality of rows, and each row of hammers are arranged on the mounting disc around the central axis along a single spiral direction curve. Compared with the prior art, the crushing device provided by the invention has the advantages that the multiple rows of hammers are arranged, and each row of hammers are arranged on the mounting disc along a single spiral direction curve around the central axis of the main shaft, so that garbage can be crushed, and simultaneously, slurry and slag formed after the garbage is crushed can be conveyed along the first direction, thus continuous feeding, crushing and conveying are realized, and the efficiency of crushing and pulping is greatly improved.

Description

Crushing device

Technical Field

The invention relates to garbage treatment equipment, in particular to a crushing device.

Background

The accumulation of a large amount of domestic garbage causes a serious environmental pollution problem, wherein the kitchen garbage occupies a large proportion of the domestic garbage, the kitchen garbage is large in water content and complex in components, the common treatment mode is to crush and pulp the kitchen garbage firstly, then carry out solid-liquid separation on the pulp, separate the pulp into swill oil and sewage through oil-water separation, the sewage can be discharged into an urban sewage pipe network, and the separated solid pulp residue can be treated through various modes, for example, protein feed is formed after sterilization and fermentation, the protein feed is converted into organic compound fertilizer after drying and crushing, or the solid pulp residue is subjected to anaerobic digestion to form methane after oil separation, and the like. Therefore, crushing pulping and solid-liquid separation of the pulp are important links of kitchen waste treatment.

In the kitchen waste treatment, because directional conveying of slurry during waste crushing cannot be realized at present, feeding and crushing need to be carried out respectively, crushing is carried out after one-time feeding is finished, crushed slurry slag is released after crushing is finished, and then the next feeding-crushing cycle is carried out, so that continuous feeding and crushing cannot be realized, and the efficiency of crushing and pulping is greatly reduced.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention aims to provide a crushing device to solve the problem that slurry and slag cannot be directionally conveyed when garbage is crushed.

In order to achieve one of the above purposes, the invention provides a crushing device, which comprises a case, a main shaft, a mounting disc, hammers and a driving piece, wherein the main shaft, the mounting disc and the hammers are arranged in the case, the main shaft extends along a first direction, two ends of the main shaft are connected with the case, the driving piece drives the main shaft to rotate around a central axis of the main shaft, the mounting disc is sleeved on the main shaft, the hammers are provided with a plurality of rows, and each row of hammers are arranged on the mounting disc around the central axis along a single spiral direction curve.

As a further improvement of an embodiment of the present invention, the hammer head includes a mounting portion connected to the mounting plate and an operating portion distant from the mounting plate, the operating portion has a fixed end connected to the mounting portion and a free end distant from the mounting portion, and the operating portion is inclined gradually from the fixed end toward the free end in the first direction.

As a further improvement of an embodiment of the invention, the hammer head comprises a mounting portion connected to the mounting disc and a working portion remote from the mounting disc, the working portion having a working face remote from the mounting disc, the working face extending in the screw direction.

As a further improvement of an embodiment of the present invention, the mounting disc includes a pin shaft and a plurality of annular plates disposed in parallel at intervals, the annular plates are sleeved on the main shaft and disposed coaxially with the main shaft, each annular plate is provided with a first shaft hole and a second shaft hole, distances from the first shaft hole and the second shaft hole to a circle center of the annular plate are equal, the hammer head is provided with a through hole, the pin shaft passes through the through hole, one end of the pin shaft is inserted into the first shaft hole of one of the adjacent annular plates, and the other end of the pin shaft is inserted into the second shaft hole of the other one of the adjacent annular plates.

As a further improvement of an embodiment of the present invention, the hammer head is provided with four rows, each of the annular plates is provided with four first shaft holes and four second shaft holes, the four first shaft holes and the four second shaft holes are located on a same circumference concentrically arranged with the annular plate, the four first shaft holes are arranged at intervals of 90 °, and the four second shaft holes are arranged at intervals of 90 °.

As a further improvement of an embodiment of the present invention, the present invention further includes a filter sieve and a slurry discharge port disposed below the filter sieve, the filter sieve is disposed between the hammer head and the machine case, and the slurry discharge port is disposed on the machine case.

As a further improvement of an embodiment of the present invention, the case includes a case body and a cover body disposed above the case body, the cover body is an upper arc-shaped plate disposed coaxially with the main shaft, the filter sieve is a lower arc-shaped plate disposed coaxially with the main shaft, and the upper arc-shaped plate and the lower arc-shaped plate are connected and enclose a cylindrical cavity.

As a further improvement of an embodiment of the present invention, the present invention further includes a draining plate and a slag discharge port, the case has a feeding end and a discharging end opposite to the feeding end along the first direction, the draining plate is disposed at the discharging end, and the slag discharge port is disposed at the discharging end.

As a further improvement of an embodiment of the present invention, the draining plate and the slag discharging port are disposed on a same arc surface formed by rotating around the central axis, and the slag discharging port is disposed above the draining plate along the spiral direction.

As a further improvement of an embodiment of the present invention, the draining plate is spaced from the slag discharging port.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: according to the crushing device, the multiple rows of hammers are arranged, each row of hammers are arranged on the mounting disc along a single spiral direction curve around the central axis of the main shaft, and when the main shaft rotates under the driving of the driving piece, the hammers can crush garbage and can convey pulp slag formed after the garbage is crushed along the first direction, so that continuous feeding, crushing and conveying are realized, and the efficiency of crushing and pulping is greatly improved.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a part of a crushing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a crushing device according to an embodiment of the invention;

fig. 3 is a schematic perspective view of a hammer head, a mounting plate and a main shaft of the crushing device according to an embodiment of the invention.

Detailed Description

The invention will be described in detail hereinafter with reference to specific embodiments shown in the drawings.

In the various drawings of the present invention, certain dimensions of structures or portions are exaggerated relative to other structures or portions for ease of illustration and, therefore, are used only to illustrate the basic structure of the subject matter of the present invention.

It will be understood that, although the terms first, second, etc. may be used herein to describe various elements or structures, these described elements should not be limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish these descriptive objects from one another.

Referring to fig. 1 to 2, a crushing apparatus 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a chassis 1, a main shaft 2, a mounting disc 3, a hammer 4, a driving member 5, and a transmission member 6, where the main shaft 2, the mounting disc 3, and the hammer 4 are all disposed in the chassis 1, the driving member 5 drives the transmission member 6 to drive the main shaft 2 to rotate, and when the crushing apparatus works, the hammer 4 rotates at a high speed along with the main shaft 2, and under the combined action of the hammer 4 and the chassis 1, garbage is crushed in the chassis 1 after being repeatedly hammered by the hammer 4.

In the present embodiment, the driving member 5 is a motor, such as a stepping motor, a dc servo motor, an ac servo motor, etc., and the transmission member 6 is a belt, and in other embodiments, other driving members 5 and transmission members 6 may be used to drive the spindle 2 to rotate.

Referring to fig. 1, the housing 1 has a feeding end 11 and a discharging end 12 opposite to the feeding end 11 along a first direction, the feeding end 11 has a feeding port 141 for feeding garbage into the housing 1, and the discharging end 12 has a slag discharging port 131 for discharging crushed sludge out of the housing 1. The main shaft 2 extends along the first direction, and two ends of the main shaft 2 are respectively connected with the feeding end 11 and the discharging end 12 of the case 1. The transmission piece 6 drives the main shaft 2 to rotate around the central axis of the main shaft 2 under the driving of the driving piece 5.

Referring to fig. 1 to 3, the mounting plate 3 is sleeved on the main shaft 2, the hammers 4 are connected to the mounting plate 3, wherein the hammers 4 are provided in a plurality of rows, and each row of hammers 4 is arranged on the mounting plate 3 along a single spiral direction curve around the central axis. Through setting up multiseriate tup 4, every row of tup 4 is around main shaft 2 the central axis is arranged on mounting disc 3 along single screw direction curve, and like this, when main shaft 2 rotated under the drive of driving piece 5, tup 4 not only can the broken rubbish, gives rubbish and the thick liquid sediment that forms after the breakage simultaneously with the motion component of the circumferencial direction along mounting disc 3 and follow screw direction's motion component to follow the thick liquid sediment that forms after the breakage of rubbish the first direction is carried.

Specifically, rubbish is put into quick-witted case 1 from feed inlet 141, and tup 4 rotates at a high speed under the drive of main shaft 2, and rubbish is hammered by high-speed pivoted tup 4 and is broken and follow first direction is carried to discharge end 12, discharges quick-witted case 1 from row's cinder notch 131 again, has realized lasting feed, breakage and transport, has improved the efficiency of broken slurrying greatly.

Referring to fig. 2 to 3, the hammer head 4 includes a fitting portion 41 connected to the mounting plate 3 and an operating portion 42 distant from the mounting plate 3, the operating portion 42 having a fixed end 421 connected to the fitting portion 41 and a free end 422 distant from the fitting portion 41.

Further, the working portion 42 is gradually inclined in the first direction from the fixed end 421 to the free end 422. Like this, not only reduced the distance between the adjacent tup 4, increased the working area of tup 4, the breaker 100 during operation of being convenient for moreover, rubbish is by 4 broken backs of tup, further is carried to next adjacent tup 4 by tup 4 for rubbish and the thick liquid sediment after the breakage are followed the transport rate that first direction was carried improves the efficiency of broken slurrying.

Referring to fig. 3, further, the free end 422 of the working portion 42 has a working surface 4221 away from the mounting plate 3, and the working surface 4221 extends along the spiral direction to smoothly convey the garbage or the crushed pulp to the next hammer 4 along the spiral direction, so as to prevent the garbage or the crushed pulp from being clamped between the hammers 4 to affect the working efficiency and even damage the crushing device 100.

Further, in the present embodiment, the mounting plate 3 fixes the hammer 4 by the annular plates 31 arranged in parallel at intervals; in other embodiments, the mounting plate 3 may be cylindrical or in other forms, as long as the hammers 4 are arranged on the mounting plate 3 along a single spiral direction curve around the central axis.

Referring to fig. 1 to 3, specifically, the mounting plate 3 includes a pin shaft and a plurality of annular plates 31 arranged in parallel at intervals, the annular plates 31 are sleeved on the main shaft 2 and arranged coaxially with the main shaft 2, each annular plate 31 is provided with a first shaft hole 311 and a second shaft hole 312, distances from the first shaft hole 311 and the second shaft hole 312 to a circle center of the annular plate 31 are equal, that is, the first shaft hole 311 and the second shaft hole 312 are located on a same circumference concentrically arranged with the annular plate 31. The hammer 4 is provided with a through hole, the pin shaft penetrates through the through hole, one end of the pin shaft is inserted into the first shaft hole 311 of one of the adjacent annular plates 31, and the other end of the pin shaft is inserted into the second shaft hole 312 of the other one of the adjacent annular plates 31. Therefore, on one hand, the working surface 4221 of the hammer 4 is perpendicular to the axial direction of the mounting plate, and the distances from all parts of the working surface 4221 of the hammer 4 to the central axis are equal, so that all parts of the hammer 4 uniformly apply force to the garbage in a crushing mode, and the maximum crushing effect is achieved; on the other hand can guarantee that the mounted position of tup 4 arrives the distance of central axis equals, makes every tup 4 the same to the broken degree of rubbish, avoids each 4 application of force of tup uneven, influences its life.

Referring to fig. 3, in the present embodiment, the distance between the first shaft hole 311 and the second shaft hole 312 may be selected according to actual needs, the distance between the first shaft hole 311 and the second shaft hole 312 is related to the spiral radian of each row of hammers 4, and when the spiral radian of each row of hammers 4 is required to be larger, that is, the distance between adjacent hammers 4 in each row of hammers 4 along the axial direction of the annular plate 31 is larger, increasing the distance between the first shaft hole 311 and the second shaft hole 312 can be achieved; when the spiral radian of each row of hammers 4 is required to be small, that is, the distance between adjacent hammers 4 in each row of hammers 4 along the axial direction of the annular plate 31 is small, the distance between the first shaft hole 311 and the second shaft hole 312 is reduced.

Referring to fig. 3, in the present embodiment, four rows of hammer heads 4 are provided, each row of hammer heads 4 is spirally arranged around the central axis along the first direction, correspondingly, four first shaft holes 311 and four second shaft holes 312 are provided on each annular plate 31, the four first shaft holes 311 and the four second shaft holes 312 are located on the same circumference concentrically arranged with the annular plate 31, the four first shaft holes 311 are arranged at intervals of 90 °, and the four second shaft holes 312 are arranged at intervals of 90 °.

In other embodiments, the number of rows of the hammers 4 may be set according to the actually required density of the hammers 4, the number of the first shaft holes 311 and the second shaft holes 312 on each annular plate 31, and the spacing angle between each first shaft hole 311 and each second shaft hole 312.

Referring to fig. 1 to 2, in the present embodiment, the casing 1 includes a casing 13 and a cover 14 disposed above the casing 13, a feeding port 141 is disposed at an upper end of the cover 14 to facilitate garbage feeding, and a slag discharging port 131 is disposed at a lower portion of the casing 13 to facilitate discharging slurry and slag formed after the garbage is crushed out of the casing 1 under the action of gravity.

Referring to fig. 2, in the present embodiment, the crushing device 100 further includes a filter screen 15 disposed in the case 1, and a slurry discharge port 132 disposed below the filter screen 15, wherein the filter screen 15 is disposed between the hammer 4 and the case 1, and the slurry discharge port 132 is disposed on the filter screen 15 and on the case 1 and at the bottom of the box 13. Therefore, after the garbage is crushed by the hammer 4 in the case 1, the slurry with small particle size flows to the slurry discharge port 132 below the filter sieve 15 through the filter sieve 15 and is discharged out of the case body 13, the solid slurry slag continues to move along the first direction and is further crushed by the hammer 4 and then is conveyed to the discharge end 12, so that solid-liquid separation is realized, the separated slurry with small particle size can be separated into swill oil and sewage through oil-water separation, and the sewage can be discharged to an urban sewage pipe network for unified treatment.

Referring to fig. 2, further, in this embodiment, the cover 14 is an upper arc-shaped plate coaxially disposed with the main shaft 2, a lower end of the cover 14 is connected to the box 13, the filter screen 15 is a lower arc-shaped plate coaxially disposed with the main shaft 2, the lower arc-shaped plate is disposed below the hammer 4, the upper arc-shaped plate is connected to the lower arc-shaped plate and encloses a cylindrical cavity, and the main shaft 2, the mounting plate 3, and the hammer 4 are disposed in the cylindrical cavity. Thus, the hammer 4 is driven by the main shaft 2 to rotate at a high speed, the garbage is crushed into slurry through the combined action of the hammer and the cover 14 or the filter screen 15, wherein the slurry with small particles flows to the slurry discharge port 132 arranged on the box body 13 after passing through the filter screen 15 and is discharged out of the box body 13, and thus, the solid-liquid separation is realized. The case 13 may have other shapes such as a cylinder, a cube, or a profile, and the case 13 further includes two end walls disposed opposite to each other in the first direction to engage the case 13 and the cover 14.

In other embodiments, the filter screen 15 may also be cylindrical, and the main shaft 2, the mounting plate 3, and the hammer 4 are disposed in the filter screen 15, so that after the kitchen waste is crushed by the hammer 4, the slurry with small particle size flows through the filter screen 15 to the slurry outlet 132 and is discharged out of the box 13.

Further, the crushing device 100 further comprises a draining plate arranged at the discharge end 12, the draining plate is arranged at the bottom of the box body 13, so that garbage is crushed by the hammer 4 in the case 1 and then is conveyed to the discharge end 12 along the first direction, moisture contained in the garbage is drained from holes of the draining plate after passing through the draining plate, and residual dry pulp and slag are further conveyed to the slag discharge port 131 and discharged out of the case 1.

In order to further reduce the water content in the pulp slag, the leaching process is arranged before the slag discharging process and the two processes are close to each other, in this embodiment, the leaching plate and the slag discharging port 131 are arranged on the same arc surface formed by rotating around the central axis, the slag discharging port 131 is arranged above the leaching plate along the spiral direction, that is, the leaching plate and the slag discharging port 131 are arranged on the same arc surface formed by rotating around the central axis along the spiral direction, and the slag discharging port 131 is positioned above the leaching plate. After the garbage is crushed and the slurry is separated, the dried slurry is conveyed to the slag discharge port 131 along with the rotation of the hammer 4 after the draining process is finished by the draining plate, and is discharged out of the case 1 for further digestion treatment and secondary utilization, for example, the dried slurry can be sterilized and fermented to form protein feed, dried and crushed to form organic compound fertilizer, or subjected to grease separation and anaerobic digestion to form biogas and the like.

Further, the draining board and the deslagging port 131 are arranged at intervals, so that after the draining board finishes a draining process, water which is not drained from the draining board can flow back to the draining board before reaching the deslagging port 131, and is drained from the draining board, and the water content in the slurry slag discharged from the deslagging port 131 is further reduced.

Compared with the prior art, the crushing device 100 provided by the invention has the beneficial effects that: by arranging the multiple rows of hammers 4, each row of hammers 4 is arranged on the mounting disc 3 along a single spiral direction around the central axis of the main shaft 2, when the main shaft 2 is driven by the driving piece 5 to rotate, the hammers 4 can not only crush garbage, but also convey slurry slag formed after the garbage is crushed along the first direction, so that continuous feeding, crushing and conveying are realized, and the efficiency of crushing and pulping is greatly improved; the working part 42 of the hammer head 4 is gradually inclined from the fixed end 421 to the free end 422 along the first direction, so that when the crushing device 100 works and garbage is crushed by the hammer head 4, the hammer head 4 further drives the garbage or crushed pulp slag to be conveyed along the first direction, the conveying speed is increased, and the crushing and pulping efficiency is improved; the working surface 4221 of the working part 42 extends along the spiral direction of each row of hammers 4, so that garbage or crushed pulp slag can be smoothly conveyed to the next hammer 4 along the spiral direction of each row of hammers 4, and the phenomenon that the garbage or crushed pulp slag is clamped between the hammers 4 to influence the working efficiency and even damage the crushing device 100 is avoided; the mounting disc 3 comprises a plurality of annular plates 31 arranged in parallel at intervals, a first shaft hole 311 and a second shaft hole 312 are arranged on the annular plates 31 on the same circumference concentric with the annular plates 31, the distance from the mounting position of the hammer heads 4 to the central axis can be ensured to be equal, the crushing degree of each hammer head 4 to garbage is the same, and the influence on the service life of each hammer head 4 due to uneven force application is avoided; the distance between the first shaft hole 311 and the second shaft hole 312 and the number of the first shaft holes 311 and the second shaft holes 312 can be set according to requirements, so that the spiral radian of each row of hammerheads 4 and the number and density of rows of hammerheads 4 can be set; the filter sieve 15 and the slurry discharge port 132 which are arranged in the case 1 realize solid-liquid separation of the garbage after being crushed by the hammer 4 in the case 1; the discharge end 12 is provided with a draining plate and a slag discharging port 131, so that the moisture in the slurry slag can be further removed, and the moisture content of the solid slurry slag is reduced.

It should be understood that although the description is made in terms of embodiments, not every embodiment includes only a single embodiment, and such description is for clarity only, and those skilled in the art will recognize that the embodiments described herein may be combined as a whole to form other embodiments as would be understood by those skilled in the art.

The above-listed detailed description is only a specific description of a possible embodiment of the present invention, and they are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and equivalent embodiments or modifications made without departing from the technical spirit of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a crushing device, its characterized in that, includes quick-witted case, main shaft, mounting disc, tup and driving piece, the main shaft the mounting disc with the tup is located in the quick-witted case, the main shaft extends along the first direction, the both ends of main shaft with quick-witted case is connected, the driving piece drive the main shaft winds the central axis of main shaft rotates, the mounting disc cover is located on the main shaft, the tup is provided with multiseriate, every row the tup winds the central axis is along single spiral direction curve arrange in on the mounting disc.

2. The crushing device according to claim 1, wherein the hammer head includes a fitting portion connected to the mounting plate and a working portion distant from the mounting plate, the working portion having a fixed end connected to the fitting portion and a free end distant from the fitting portion, the working portion being gradually inclined in the first direction from the fixed end toward the free end.

3. A crushing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the hammer head comprises a mounting portion connected to the mounting disc and a working portion remote from the mounting disc, the working portion having a working face remote from the mounting disc, the working face extending in the screw direction.

4. The crushing device of claim 1, wherein the mounting disc comprises a pin shaft and a plurality of annular plates arranged in parallel at intervals, the annular plates are sleeved on the main shaft and are arranged coaxially with the main shaft, each annular plate is provided with a first shaft hole and a second shaft hole, the distance from the first shaft hole to the circle center of the annular plate is equal to that from the second shaft hole to the circle center of the annular plate, the hammer head is provided with a through hole, the pin shaft penetrates through the through hole, one end of the pin shaft is inserted into the first shaft hole of one of the adjacent annular plates, and the other end of the pin shaft is inserted into the second shaft hole of the other of the adjacent annular plates.

5. The crushing device according to claim 4, wherein the hammer head is provided with four rows, each annular plate is provided with four first shaft holes and four second shaft holes, the four first shaft holes and the four second shaft holes are arranged on the same circumference concentric with the annular plate, the four first shaft holes are arranged at intervals of 90 degrees, and the four second shaft holes are arranged at intervals of 90 degrees.

6. The crushing device of claim 1, further comprising a filter screen and a slurry discharge port arranged below the filter screen, wherein the filter screen is arranged between the hammer head and the case, and the slurry discharge port is arranged on the case.

7. The crushing device according to claim 6, wherein the case comprises a case body and a cover body arranged above the case body, the cover body is an upper arc-shaped plate coaxially arranged with the main shaft, the filter sieve is a lower arc-shaped plate coaxially arranged with the main shaft, and the upper arc-shaped plate and the lower arc-shaped plate are connected and enclose a cylindrical cavity.

8. The crushing device of claim 1, further comprising a draining plate and a slag discharge port, wherein the case has a feed end and a discharge end opposite to the feed end along the first direction, the draining plate is disposed at the discharge end, and the slag discharge port is disposed at the discharge end.

9. The crushing device of claim 8, wherein the draining plate and the slag discharge port are arranged on the same arc surface formed by rotating around the central axis, and the slag discharge port is arranged above the draining plate along the spiral direction.

10. The crushing device of claim 8, wherein the draining plate is spaced from the slag discharge opening.