CN110869197A - 导水的家用设备和方法 - Google Patents
导水的家用设备和方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN110869197A CN110869197A CN201880045183.5A CN201880045183A CN110869197A CN 110869197 A CN110869197 A CN 110869197A CN 201880045183 A CN201880045183 A CN 201880045183A CN 110869197 A CN110869197 A CN 110869197A
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种导水的家用设备(1),尤其是家用洗碗机,其具有壁部(7至11),壁部由金属材料制成,并且其具有设置在壁部(7至11)处的装置(15),该装置由塑料材料制成,其中,该装置(15)借助于激光焊接部(19)与壁部(7至11)固定连接。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种导水的家用设备,尤其是家用洗碗机,并且涉及一种用于制造这种导水的家用设备的方法。
背景技术
导水的家用设备(例如洗碗机),除了冲洗容器之外,还能够具有附加的安装在冲洗容器处的液体容器,例如换热器或用于加热管的保持件,液体容器热耦接至冲洗容器。
文献DE 10 2011 086 788A1公开了一种导水的家用设备,其具有冲洗容器,导水构件布置在冲洗容器的外侧上,其中导水构件的液体腔至少部分地由冲洗容器的至少一个侧壁限界,并且其中导水构件经由至少一个粘接部固定在冲洗容器处。
发明内容
在该背景下,本发明的目的在于,提供一种改进的导水的家用设备,尤其是家用洗碗机。
因此,提出一种导水的家用设备,尤其是家用洗碗机。导水的家用设备,尤其是家用洗碗机包括:壁部,其由金属材料制成;和设置在壁部处的装置,其由塑料材料制成,其中,装置借助于激光焊接部与壁部固定连接。
通过借助于激光焊接部将装置与壁部固定连接,能够弃用将装置与壁部粘接的步骤。由此能够成本更低廉地制造导水的家用设备。
壁部尤其是冲洗容器的侧壁。壁部例如能够由材料1.4301、1.4310、1.4510或1.4016构成。导水的家用设备能够具有多个这种装置,这些装置能够设置在导水的家用设备的不同壁部处。然而,装置能够至少部分地也由金属材料制成。然而尤其是,装置的至少与壁部连接的区域由塑料材料制成。塑料材料例如能够是聚丙烯(PP)(特别是纯PP、填充有填料(例如滑石粉)的PP,例如PP滑石粉20(PPTD20)或例如PP滑石粉30(PPTD30))、丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯共聚物(ABS)、聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA)、聚氯乙烯(PVC)、聚甲醛(POM)、聚酰胺(PA)(尤其是填充玻璃纤维的PA,例如PA 6.6GF 20或PA 6.6GF 30)、或热塑性弹性体(TPE)。可替代地,也能够使用其他塑料材料。该装置优选是注塑构件。由此能够大批量成本低廉地制造该装置。
导水的家用设备优选是家用洗碗机。然而,导水的家用设备也能够是家用洗衣机或其他任意的导水的家用设备,例如咖啡机等。导水的家用设备下面称作为家用设备。下面假设家用设备是家用洗碗机。
优选地,装置是引导水的。因此,该装置也能够称作导水装置。导水装置的实例是换热器、进水部、出水部、泵槽等。然而,装置也能够不引导水。在该情况下,装置例如能够是用于加热丝或加热管的保持件。例如,装置能够构成为半壳,加热丝和/或加热管卡入或夹入到半壳中。然而,下面假设该装置是引导水的。
在一个家用设备的装置是导水的改进方案中,家用设备包括壁部和设置在壁部处的装置以及液体腔,壁部由金属材料制成,装置由塑料材料制成,液体腔由壁部和装置限界,其中装置借助于激光焊接部与壁部固定连接。
由于装置的液体腔仅通过由金属材料制成的壁部相背离地限界,能够显著地改善从液体腔到设置在壁部的背离装置的内侧处的冲洗腔的热传递和相反方向的热传递。
根据一个实施方式,装置具有固定法兰,固定法兰借助于激光焊接部与壁部固定连接。
固定法兰例如具有2至20mm的宽度。固定法兰优选完全地环绕装置。在固定法兰安置在壁部上的区域中,固定法兰能够设有表面结构化部。表面结构化部能够具有多个线形布置的凹部。凹部在此能够水平地、竖直地或倾斜地布置。表面结构化部也能够以矩阵状或棋盘状的凹部排布,这些凹部的取向不同。凹部能够是直线的、弯曲的、圆形的或者具有任意其他几何形状。
根据另一实施方式,装置是换热器、进水部或用于加热丝或加热管的保持件。
装置也能够是家用设备的任意其他的导水构件。例如,设备也能够是出水部、泵槽等。
根据另一实施方式,装置包括存储部段和功能部段。
存储部段尤其设计用于存储水和/或漂洗液。存储部段直接与壁部连接。功能部段例如能够包括多个水通道、阀、控制元件或其他系统。存储部段优选是与功能部段分开制造的构件。存储部段和功能部段能够固定地彼此连接。可替代地,存储部段和功能部段也能够以相同材料一体构成。
根据另一实施方式,壁部由铬钢或铬镍钢制成。
尤其是,壁部是薄钢板。这就是说,壁部的壁厚度小于1.3mm、尤其为大致0.35至0.5mm。例如,能够使用材料1.4301、1.4310、1.4510或1.4016。
根据另一实施方式,壁部是家用设备的冲洗容器的一部分。
冲洗容器优选包括第一壁部(尤其是底板)、第二壁部(尤其是顶盖)、第三壁部(尤其是后壁)、第四壁部(尤其是第一侧壁)和第五壁部(尤其是第二侧壁)。家用设备能够包括多个装置,这些装置设置在冲洗容器的不同壁部处。冲洗容器还能够包括可枢转地支承在冲洗容器处的门。
此外,提出一种用于制造导水的家用设备、尤其是家用洗碗机的方法。该方法包括如下步骤:提供壁部和装置,壁部由金属材料制成,装置由塑料材料制成;将装置布置在壁部处;并且将装置激光焊接至壁部。
在提供该装置时,该装置例如能够以注塑方法制造。该装置与壁部的激光焊接例如能够通过热传导焊接或激光穿透焊接进行。
在热传导焊接的情况下,激光束沿着接缝将接缝配套件熔化,其中通常使用最高100kW/cm2的辐射强度。因为金属对于激光束而言根据入射的波长而能够具有最高95%的反射率,所以该强度不足以产生蒸气毛细管(锁孔,keyhole)。熔融物流入彼此中并且固化成焊缝。热传导焊接被用于连接薄壁的部件,例如用于壳体的可见棱边处的角接缝。在电子技术中也有其他的应用。激光产生光滑、倒圆的焊缝,这种焊缝不必再进行后加工。脉冲的或者连续波运行的固体激光器适合于所提出的应用。在热传导焊接时,能量仅通过热传导进入到工件中。因此,焊缝深度仅为十分之几毫米至一毫米。材料的导热性限制了最大焊缝深度。焊缝宽度总是大于焊缝深度。当热量无法足够快地导出时,加工温度上升超过蒸发温度。产生金属蒸气,焊入深度急剧上升,并且该过程转变至深焊。热传导焊接大多以叠放方法在叠放至少3mm、优选至少4mm的情况下进行。
激光穿透焊接大多以叠放方法在叠放至少3mm、优选至少4mm的情况下进行。在此,使用两个不同的焊接配套件。上方的焊接配套件,例如塑料材料,对于所使用的激光波长是透明的。激光几乎不受阻碍地射穿该焊接配套件。由于透明度,焊接配套件几乎不发热。下方的焊接配套件,例如尤其上述金属材料,必须吸收辐射。为此,例如掺杂吸收颗粒(大约0.3重量百分比的碳黑)会是有益的。该材料吸收能量,开始熔化并且在此将产生的热量通过热传导也传递给上方的配套件。为了传输能量并产生材料接触,这两个配套件必须经常彼此压合,然而至少彼此精确配合。因此,通过两种材料汇聚,能够制造焊缝。选择以下焊接能量,使得激光仅穿过工件的最多大约60%。因此,如果从两侧射入激光,则确保完整的穿透焊。应避免过高的功率,因为其会导致金属损坏。通常,为此使用高效的二极管激光器,二极管激光器在所需要的小功率,例如5至150瓦特功率,的情况下具有足以用于该焊接方法的射束质量。
在同步焊接时,同时(同步地)加热整个焊缝。可简单地实现直线焊缝,而焊缝中的多个半径通过将激光二极管级联仅被近似,或者焊缝中的多个半径必须通过附加的射束成形件来形成。为了在整个焊缝上实现所需的均匀功率密度分布,需要相应地布置各个激光器元件并且分开地控制各个激光器元件。
在本方法的一个改进方案中,该装置是导水的。该方法包括如下步骤:提供壁部和导水的装置,壁部由金属材料制成,装置由塑料材料制成;将装置布置在壁部处以形成液体腔,液体腔由壁部和装置限界;并且将装置激光焊接至壁部。
根据一个实施方式,在将装置布置在壁部处之前,在壁部处至少部分地产生表面结构化部。
表面结构化部能够具有多个线形布置的凹部。凹部在此能够水平地、竖直地或倾斜地布置。凹部能够具有任意几何形状。例如,凹部能够是直线的、弯曲的、波浪形的等等。凹部例如能够具有10至100μm、优选15至90μm、尤其20至80μm的深度。
根据另一实施方式,表面结构化部借助于纳米脉冲激光束来实现。
通过大量实验支持,该表面结构化部具有如下主要数据:大约20W的平均功率、大约0.2cm2/s的面功率、20至100kHz的脉冲频率和1064nm的波长。相应的表面结构化部的矩阵具有20至100%的功率、20至80kHz的频率和大约200mm/s的恒定的推进速度。纳米脉冲激光束的直线间距为大致0.12mm。
在激光器的纳米脉冲运行中的激光结构化部能够借助于激光扫描显微镜(LSM)以2D和3D来得出。激光结构化部的特征通常在于材料排出和结构深度,可选还有嵌入件。材料排出优选具有30至120μm,优选40至110μm,尤其50至100μm范围内的平均间距。而结构深度具有10至100μm,优选15至90μm,尤其20至80μm的平均深度。
脉冲激光器应理解为如下激光器,其不连续地发射光,而是以脉冲方式运行,这就是说,光以按时间顺序限定的周期发射。在引入表面结构化部时,至少部分地熔化壁部。在熔化时,壁部的材料至少部分地蒸发和/或从凹部中排出熔化的材料。由此,在凹部侧方形成隆起部。表面结构化部尤其具有底切,装置的熔化的塑料材料能够流入底切中。由此建立装置与壁部的材料配合连接。材料配合连接通过至少两个连接配套件(在此凹部和装置的塑料材料)的相互结合或后方接合来形成。
可替代地,表面结构化部也能够借助于连续波激光束来实现。
通过大量实验支持,该表面结构化部具有如下主要数据:400W的最大功率、大约0.84cm2/s的面功率、和1070nm的波长。相应的表面结构化部的矩阵具有100至400W的功率、一至五次经过和大约10,000mm/s的恒定的推进速度。连续波激光束的直线间距为大致0.12mm。
在激光器的连续波运行中的激光结构化部,能够借助于激光扫描显微镜(LSM)以2D和3D按经验得出。激光结构化部的特征通常在于材料排出和结构深度、可选还有嵌入件。材料排出优选具有30至120μm,优选40至110μm,尤其50至100μm范围内的平均间距。而结构深度具有10至100μm,优选15至90μm,尤其20至80μm的平均深度。
根据另一实施方式,装置的固定法兰与壁部激光焊接。
固定法兰优选完全地环绕该装置。固定法兰例如能够具有2至20mm的宽度。固定法兰尤其平坦地抵靠在壁部处。
家用设备和/或方法的其他可行实现方案还包括之前或者之后关于实施例所描述的特征或者实施方式的、未明确提及的组合。在此,本领域技术人员还会添加各个方面作为对于相应的冲洗容器和/或家用洗碗机的改进或补充。
附图说明
家用设备和/或方法的其他有利的设计方案和方面是从属权利要求的主题以及家用设备和/或方法的下文描述的实施例的内容。此外,根据优选的实施方式参考所附的附图详细阐述家用设备和/或方法。
附图示出
图1是家用设备的一个实施方式的示意性透视图;
图2是根据图1的家用设备的示意性剖面图;
图3是根据图2的细节图III;
图4是根据图3的细节图IV;且
图5是用于制造图1的家用设备的方法的一个实施方式的示意性框图。
在附图中,只要没有另作说明,相同的或功能相同的元件设有相同的附图标记。
具体实施方式
图1示出导水的家用设备1的实施方式的示意性透视图。家用设备1例如能够是家用洗碗机、家用洗衣机或任意其他的家用设备,例如咖啡机等。下面假设家用设备1是家用洗碗机。家用设备1包括冲洗容器2,冲洗容器能够通过门3封闭,尤其水密地封闭。为此目的,在门3与冲洗容器2之间能够设有密封装置。冲洗容器2优选是方形的。冲洗容器2能够布置在家用设备1的壳体中。冲洗容器2和门3能够形成用于对冲洗物品进行冲洗的冲洗腔4。
门3在图1中以其打开位置示出。通过围绕设置在门3的下端部处的枢转轴线5能够打开或关闭门3。借助门3能够关闭或打开冲洗容器2的装物开口6。冲洗容器2具有多个壁部7至11。冲洗容器2优选包括第一壁部7(尤其是底板)、与第一壁部7相对置的第二壁部8(尤其是顶盖)、与关闭的门3相对置的第三壁部9(尤其是后壁)、第四壁部10(尤其是第一侧壁)和与第四壁部10相对置的第五壁部11(尤其是第二侧壁)。
第一壁部7、第二壁部8、第三壁部9、第四壁部10和第五壁部11例如能够由优质钢板制成。例如,考虑材料编号为1.4301、1.4310、1.4510或1.4016的不锈钢作为材料。可替代地,例如第一壁部7能够由塑料材料制成。冲洗容器2能够设置在未示出的基础载体上。基础载体优选是塑料材料构件。特别地,基础载体能够是注塑构件。
家用设备1还具有至少一个冲洗物品容纳部12至14。优选地,设有多个、例如三个冲洗物品容纳部12至14,其中冲洗物品容纳部12能够是下方的冲洗物品容纳部或底篮、冲洗物品容纳部13能够是上方的冲洗物品容纳部或上篮,而冲洗物品容纳部14能够是刀叉抽屉。如图1中还示出的,冲洗物品容纳部12至14彼此叠放在冲洗容器2中。每个冲洗物品容纳部12至14能够选择性地移入到冲洗容器2中或从其中移出。尤其是,每个冲洗物品容纳部12至14能够沿推入方向E(箭头)推入到冲洗容器2中并且相反于推入方向E(箭头)沿抽出方向A(箭头)从冲洗容器2中抽出。
图2示出家用设备1的示意性剖面图。家用设备1包括装置15,装置能够设置在壁部7至11处。优选地,装置15是引导水的。因此,装置15也能够称作为导水装置。导水装置15的实例是换热器、进水部、出水部、泵槽等。然而,装置15也能够不引导水。在该情况下,装置15例如能够是用于加热丝或加热管的保持件。例如,装置15能够构成为半壳,加热丝和/或加热管卡入或夹入到半壳中。然而下面假设装置15是引导水的。
优选地,装置15设置在第四壁部10处或第五壁部11处。此外,装置15也能够设置在第三壁部9处或第二壁部8处。也能够设有多个装置15。然而在图2中仅示出一个装置15,其设置在第五壁部11处。
如前述那样,装置15例如能够是换热器或进水部。对于装置15是换热器的情况,装置能够包括存储部段16和功能部段17。存储部段16和功能部段17能够是彼此分开制造的构件,它们彼此固定连接。可替代地,存储部段16和功能部段17也能够由相同材料一体地构成。
存储部段16尤其设计用于存储水和/或漂洗液。功能部段17例如能够包括通道、阀、不同的系统等。装置15能够设计用于存储能量,尤其热能,例如以热水的形式存储。该热能能够输出给冲洗容器2。相反地,也能够将能量从冲洗容器2传递给装置15。
装置15且尤其是存储部段16优选由塑料材料制成。作为塑料材料例如考虑聚丙烯(PP)(特别是纯PP、填充有填料(例如滑石粉)的PP,例如PP滑石粉20(PPTD20)或例如PP滑石粉30(PPTD30))、丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯共聚物(ABS)、聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA)、聚氯乙烯(PVC)、聚甲醛(POM)、聚酰胺(PA)(尤其是填充玻璃纤维的PA,例如PA 6.6GF 20或PA 6.6GF30)、或热塑性弹性体(TPE)。装置1也能够由不同的塑料材料制成。此外,装置15也能够至少部分地由金属材料制成。例如,考虑材料编号为1.4301、1.4310、1.4510或1.4016的不锈钢作为金属材料。
存储部段16以半壳或盆的形式构成,其构造成朝向第五壁部11的方向敞开。为了将存储部段16与第五壁部11连接,装置15包括固定法兰18,固定法兰优选完全地环绕存储部段16且尤其环绕装置15。固定法兰18能够具有大致5至20mm的宽度。
固定法兰18完全由塑料材料制成。装置15且尤其存储部段16借助于激光焊接部19固定地且水密地连接至第五壁部11(图3)。装置15且尤其存储部段16因此与第五壁部11围成液体腔20。这就是说,液体腔20仅通过第五壁部11,即仅通过第五壁部11的金属材料,与冲洗腔4分离。由此,确保从液体腔20到冲洗腔4和相反方向的尤其良好的热传递。由此,能够实现液体腔20与冲洗腔4之间的最佳扩散比。由此,与在液体腔20与第五壁部11之间还设有塑料层的装置相比,能够显著地改善家用设备1的能量平衡。
功能部段17包括由塑料材料制成的半壳,其包含前述的通道、阀和/或其他系统。功能部段17能够借助于薄膜和激光焊接方法密封焊接。在此,薄膜的使用也改进了扩散条件进而改善了家用设备1的能量平衡。
前述的优点也能够用于如下情况:装置15是进水部。装置15也还能够设计为复合构件,其中首先功能部段17借助前述的薄膜被密封焊接并且随后存储部段16借助激光焊接方法,尤其借助于短脉冲激光,与第五壁部11直接接合。
冲洗容器2且尤其第五壁部11由铬钢或铬镍钢制成。特别地,第五壁部11是薄钢板。薄钢板是厚度小于3mm的金属板。为了实现固定法兰18与第五壁部11的可靠且持久的连接,第五壁部11在激光焊接部19的区域中设有表面结构化部21(图3和图4)。表面结构化部21例如借助纳米脉冲激光被引入到第五壁部11的背离冲洗腔4的外侧22中。在此,表面结构化部21的深度被如下地选择,即,借助惰性气体的应用在第五壁部11的内侧23上没有出现氧化色。表面结构化部21一方面用于增大外侧22的表面,并且表面结构化部21还优选形成底切,固定法兰18的熔化的塑料材料流入到底切中并且自身与底切形状配合地连接。
表面结构化部21能够包括多个成排设置的凹部24,然而在图3和图4中仅其中两个凹部设有附图标记。在图3和图4的取向中,凹部24能够水平地布置。然而,凹部24也能够竖直地或倾斜地定位。与图3和图4所示不同,凹部24还能够具有弯曲的、圆形的或任意其他几何形状。表面结构化部21也能够包括棋盘状或矩阵形布置的取向不同的凹部24。由此,能够再次改进固定法兰18与表面结构化部21的连接。
例如,对于第五壁部11,然而也对于其他壁部7至10,能够使用材料1.4301、1.4310、1.4510或1.4016。表面结构化部21的凹部24例如能够具有10至100μm,优选15至90μm,尤其20至80μm的深度。侧方地沿着凹部24能够形成隆起部,隆起部通过将第五壁部11的材料再熔化和从凹部24中排出而产生。
图5示出用于制造家用设备1的方法的示意性框图。在步骤S1中,提供冲洗容器2且尤其提供冲洗容器2的壁部7至11。在此,壁部7至11由金属材料,尤其由材料1.4301、1.4310、1.4510或1.4016形成。在步骤S1中,还提供装置15,该装置至少部分地由塑料材料制成。装置15例如能够在步骤S1中借助注塑方法来制造。
在步骤S2中,装置15被布置在壁部7至11处,以便形成液体腔20。在此,液体腔20由相应的壁部7至11和装置15,尤其装置15的存储部段16限界。在步骤S3中,装置15激光焊接至相应的壁部7至11。优选使用二极管激光器以用于焊接过程,其中,激光的推进速度决定了所使用的激光器的功率。装置15借助夹紧设备相对于相应的壁部7至11定位并且被压向壁部。
装置15与壁部7至11的激光焊接例如能够借助激光穿透焊方法来实现。在此,在所使用的激光波长的范围内,固定法兰18对于激光辐射具有高透射度。激光辐射因此由外侧22吸收,由此固定法兰18至少部分地熔化。可替代地,激光焊接也能够借助热传导接合来实现。由此相应的壁部7至11例如能够从内侧23起被加热。随后,外侧22通过热传导被加热,使得固定法兰18至少部分地熔化。在步骤S2中将装置15布置在相应的壁部7至11处之前或之时,如前所述,相应的壁部7至11至少部分地被表面结构化。为此优选使用纳米脉冲激光束。
通过不在液体腔20与冲洗腔4之间设置塑料壁部,一方面显著改善了从液体腔20到冲洗腔4的热传递,另一方面通过取消塑料材料也实现材料节约。取消了昂贵的能量密集的镜面焊接过程。
装置15的存储部段16能够仅按一种变体方案来制造,随后通过功能部段17进行装置15的区分。直接焊接到冲洗容器2处的装置15的最大优点在于能量扩散比的显著改善,并进而在于能量平衡的显著改善。通过取消镜面焊接能够使用流动指数更好的、成本更低廉的塑料。注塑时的喷射速度进而生产能力能够被提高,由此能够降低投资。通过取消镜面焊接过程并取消在薄膜复合件中使用直线激光焊接,能够使用流动性能更好的塑料。在此,也能够有更高的喷射速度。取消薄膜同样改善扩散比并进而改善能量平衡。总体上,当使用激光焊接过程时,在材料和加工成本方面都得到了显著的优点。
虽然已经根据实施例描述了本发明,但本发明可以有多种改型。
附图标记列表
1 家用设备
2 冲洗容器
3 门
4 冲洗腔
5 枢转轴线
6 装物开口
7 壁部
8 壁部
9 壁部
10 壁部
11 壁部
12 冲洗物品容纳部
13 冲洗物品容纳部
14 冲洗物品容纳部
15 装置
16 存储部段
17 功能部段
18 固定法兰
19 激光焊接部
20 液体腔
21 表面结构化部
22 外侧
23 内侧
24 凹部
A 抽出方向(箭头)
E 推入方向(箭头)
S1 步骤
S2 步骤
S3 步骤。
Claims (10)
1.一种导水的家用设备(1),尤其是家用洗碗机,所述家用设备具有壁部(7至11),所述壁部由金属材料制成,并且所述家用设备具有设置在所述壁部(7至11)处的装置(15),所述装置由塑料材料制成,其中,所述装置(15)借助于激光焊接部(19)与所述壁部(7至11)固定连接。
2.根据权利要求1所述的导水的家用设备(1),其特征在于,所述装置(15)具有固定法兰(18),所述固定法兰借助于所述激光焊接部(19)与所述壁部(7至11)固定连接。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的导水的家用设备(1),其特征在于,所述装置(15)是换热器、进水部或用于加热丝或加热管的保持件。
4.根据权利要求3所述的导水的家用设备(1),其特征在于,所述装置(15)包括存储部段(16)和功能部段(17)。
5.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的导水的家用设备(1),其特征在于,所述壁部(7至11)由铬钢或铬镍钢制成。
6.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的导水的家用设备(1),其特征在于,所述壁部(7至11)是所述家用设备(1)的冲洗容器(2)的一部分。
7.一种用于制造导水的家用设备(1)、尤其是家用洗碗机的方法,所述方法包括如下步骤:
-提供(S1)壁部(7至11)和装置(15),所述壁部由金属材料制成,所述装置由塑料材料制成,
-将所述装置(15)布置(S2)在所述壁部(7至11)处,并且
-将所述装置(15)激光焊接(S3)至所述壁部(7至11)。
8.根据权利要求7所述的方法,其特征在于,在将所述装置(15)布置(S2)在所述壁部(7至11)处之前,在所述壁部处至少部分地产生表面结构化部(21)。
9.根据权利要求8所述的方法,其特征在于,所述表面结构化部(21)借助于纳米脉冲激光束来实现。
10.根据权利要求7、8或9所述的方法,其特征在于,所述装置的固定法兰(18)激光焊接至所述壁部(7至11)。
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