CN110863844B - Support equipment for tunnel construction - Google Patents
Support equipment for tunnel construction Download PDFInfo
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- CN110863844B CN110863844B CN201911107539.6A CN201911107539A CN110863844B CN 110863844 B CN110863844 B CN 110863844B CN 201911107539 A CN201911107539 A CN 201911107539A CN 110863844 B CN110863844 B CN 110863844B
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- tunnel
- plate
- laminating
- pressure
- supporting
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/14—Lining predominantly with metal
- E21D11/18—Arch members ; Network made of arch members ; Ring elements; Polygon elements; Polygon elements inside arches
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/14—Lining predominantly with metal
- E21D11/18—Arch members ; Network made of arch members ; Ring elements; Polygon elements; Polygon elements inside arches
- E21D11/22—Clamps or other yieldable means for interconnecting adjacent arch members either rigidly, or allowing arch member parts to slide when subjected to excessive pressure
Abstract
The invention discloses a supporting device for tunnel construction, which belongs to the technical field of tunnel construction, and the device comprises: the supporting component and the processing component are used for connecting the supporting component to form an arched supporting structure, adjacent surfaces of the formed arched supporting structures are connected through a bonding substrate, and a bonding supporting plate component is inserted on the processing component and is in contact with a construction surface.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of tunnel construction, in particular to a supporting device for tunnel construction.
Background
At present, when a tunnel is constructed, the constructed tunnel needs to be supported due to the particularity of the tunnel, so that the safety in the construction process is ensured, and the safety is ensured. Generally, in the tunnel construction process, a method of constructing pile supports by side construction and then laying supporting pipelines is adopted, the method of laying the supporting pipelines is troublesome in the implementation process, and particularly, the construction is difficult to perform when the tunnel is long in the process, so that the difficulty of tunnel construction is caused.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide supporting equipment for tunnel construction, which can effectively support a supporting surface and can automatically adjust the fitting degree of the supporting surface, improve the stress of a tunnel supporting structure, solve the problem of suspension points of the supporting and ensure the safety of tunnel construction.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for realizing the purpose is as follows: support apparatus for tunnel construction, comprising: the processing assembly comprises a base body of a cubic box structure, a first assembling through hole which is matched with the adhering supporting plate assembly in an inserting manner is formed in the center of the base body, half-joint sleeve bodies are clamped on two corresponding side faces of the base body and provided with adhering side faces corresponding to the side faces of the base body, wrapping faces which are adhered to the upper end face and the lower end face of the base body are connected to the upper end face and the lower end face of the adhering side faces, a third assembling through hole is formed in the wrapping faces, second assembling through holes corresponding to the third assembling through holes are formed in the upper surface and the lower surface of the base body, at least two pairs of fastening substrates which are adjacently arranged are arranged on the adhering side faces of the half-joint sleeve bodies, and a gap of the inserting supporting structural member is reserved between the fastening substrates, and corresponding threaded connecting holes and tensioning adjusting grooves are formed in the fastening substrate and the inserted supporting structural member. And a first assembling notch corresponding to the aperture of the first assembling through hole is formed in the wrapping surface on the upper part of the half-joint sleeve body.
The support member selected by the invention is an I-shaped section, and part of the I-shaped section is bent to form an arched door-shaped structure, the I-shaped section of the integrated arched door-shaped structure needs to be specially customized to be not beneficial to quickly erecting support equipment in tunnel construction to support the tunnel face of a tunnel, and the support frame body is driven in a mode of connecting adjacent arched support structures by attaching a substrate, namely the support equipment of the invention, so that the support equipment can be quickly erected in the tunnel, compared with the existing tunnel construction support equipment, the invention can realize the quick assembly of the existing section into the arched support structure through the processing assembly, effectively shorten the construction reaction time, and when the two end parts of the I-shaped section are connected by the processing assembly, the mode of placing the adjusting block on the side surfaces of the half joint sleeve body and the base member to adjust the inclination of the attaching side surface and the base member side surface of the half joint sleeve body to realize the quick connection of the bent I-shaped section, avoid I shape section bar to bend the section face and there is the problem in clearance with the base member side, also need not the base member that the special customization was bent, can satisfy different installation demands, it comes to support the effective face support of formation of face and tunnel side to set up laminating splint and laminating fagging subassembly on the support frame body of fixed completion, reduce the probability that the rock of low strength produced shear displacement behind the tunnel excavation, prevent the extension in the plastic zone of the rock stratum of tunnel excavation and the increase of displacement volume simultaneously, and can be according to closing splint and laminating fagging subassembly and the self-interacting of tunnel rock stratum contact surface and the laminating degree of holding surface, improve the support equipment structure atress of tunnel construction, effectively prevent to support the problem appearance that the hanging empty point appears.
Optionally, the tensioning adjustment tank is externally sealed by a sealing plate body in a welding manner, a tensioning adjustment assembly is placed in the tensioning adjustment tank, the tensioning adjustment assembly comprises a tensioning main shaft perpendicular to the surfaces of the two sealing plates, two ends of the tensioning main shaft are sleeved with slidable sliding ring bodies, the sliding ring bodies are connected with trapezoidal supporting plates through second tensioning adjustment rods, and the trapezoidal supporting plates are attached to the fastening base plate and the supporting structural member. The tensioning main shaft is connected with the sealing plate body through a connecting surface, a circular reinforcing plate body is arranged on the connecting surface, and a spring part is sleeved on the tensioning main shaft between the sliding ring body and the reinforcing plate body. At least two threaded connecting holes are arranged on a fastening substrate, corresponding holes are drilled on a supporting member correspondingly connected with the threaded connecting holes, a rectangular tensioning adjusting groove is arranged on the fastening substrate between the threaded connecting holes and the side surface of a base member, the tensioning adjusting groove with the same flow area and shape is sawn on the supporting member corresponding to the threaded connecting holes, and a tensioning adjusting assembly is placed in the tensioning adjusting groove, so that the fastening connection between the fastening substrate and the supporting member is realized by utilizing the threaded connecting holes on the fastening substrate and the drilled holes on the supporting member, the threaded connection is set to have an assembly adjusting gap below 5mm, the assembly fine adjustment between the supporting member and the fastening substrate is realized by utilizing the tensioning adjusting assembly, the self-adjusting gap in a design range is formed between the supporting members connected with the side surface of a processing assembly, and the normally set self-adjusting gap is below 5mm, the connection is made to form a self-adjustment between the arch support and the contact surface in the tunnel, and when the tunnel rock layer is displaced to form a compression on the arch support, the tension adjusting component is used for absorbing, particularly, the connecting gap between the supporting component and the processing component is driven to be reduced under the action of the extrusion force, so as to form opposite extrusion on the two trapezoidal supporting plates of the tensioning adjusting assembly, the trapezoidal supporting plates adjust the sliding of the sliding ring body on the tensioning main shaft through the second tensioning adjusting rod and simultaneously cooperate with the spring part to realize the absorption of the extrusion force, reduce the assembly clearance between the assembly and the supporting structure to ensure the sufficient contact between the supporting member and the tunnel rock layer surface, particularly, when the arched support structure is assembled and formed, the tensioning adjusting assembly is used for expanding the assembly gap between the processing assembly and the support structure, so that the support structure deforms towards the rock face of the tunnel to fill the suspension points between the support structure and the rock face of the tunnel. The firmness of the supporting surface is enhanced by the sealing plate body and the reinforcing plate body for ensuring effective adjustment.
Optionally, the middle section of the tensioning spindle is fixedly connected with a fixed ring body, the fixed ring body is connected with the trapezoidal supporting plate through a first tensioning rod and a spring part, and the first tensioning rod is connected to two sides of the spring part. When the arch-shaped supporting structure is assembled and formed, the spring part connected to the first tensioning rod releases the elastic force to enable the trapezoidal supporting plate to move towards two sides, the supporting structure and the fastening base plate which are in contact with the trapezoidal supporting plate are pushed to enlarge the assembly gap between the processing assembly and the supporting structure, and the supporting structure deforms towards the tunnel rock face to fill the suspension point between the supporting structure and the tunnel rock face.
Optionally, the laminating fagging subassembly includes the laminating plate body with the construction face contact, laminating plate body lower surface center department is connected with cylindricly and with the pressure-bearing cylinder that first assembly through-hole cooperation set up, first drainage channel has been seted up to pressure-bearing cylinder center department, the laminating plate is internal to be equipped with the second drainage channel with first drainage channel intercommunication, and the jet orifice that corresponds with second drainage channel is seted up on the surface of the laminating plate body, pressure-bearing cylinder face is located to the inlet of first drainage channel, and be equipped with at least two-layer second seal membrane in the first drainage channel. The contact area of the support equipment with a tunnel rock stratum and a tunnel face is enlarged by utilizing the joint plate body, the contact area of the support equipment with the tunnel rock stratum and the tunnel face is basically kept flush with the contact surface of the support structure with the tunnel rock stratum and the tunnel face, the joint plate body can extend outwards and form fit with the tunnel rock stratum or the tunnel face to eliminate a suspension point, in the process, if the tunnel rock stratum is expanded or the displacement is overlarge, the acting force on the joint plate body is increased, the pressure is applied to a hydraulic adjusting cavity in the base body by the pressure bearing cylinder, when the set pressure is reached, the flowing medium breaks through the first sealing film and the second sealing film respectively, the flowing medium is ejected from the surface of the joint plate body along the first drainage channel and the second drainage channel to fill a rock body crack, the expansion and the increase of the displacement caused by the deformation of the rock stratum are inhibited, and the stability of the rock stratum is improved, and the flowing medium flowing out of the surface of the joint plate body fills the cracks of the rock body to form an upward flowing force, so that the downward flowing of a water layer on the upper part of the rock stratum can be inhibited, and the water-resisting effect can be further enhanced.
Optionally, a hollow cavity is formed inside the base body, a first sliding sealing plate connected with the pressure-bearing cylinder in a matched mode is arranged in the hollow cavity, the first sliding sealing plate can slide up and down relative to the hollow cavity, a hydraulic pressure adjusting cavity is formed between the first sliding sealing plate and the bottom surface of the hollow cavity, a flowing medium is contained in the hydraulic pressure adjusting cavity, the first sliding sealing plate is provided with a cylindrical sleeve connected with the pressure-bearing cylinder in a sleeved mode, a circular groove hole corresponding to the liquid inlet position of the first liquid discharge channel is formed in the bottom surface of the cylindrical sleeve, and the circular groove hole is sealed through a first sealing film. Exert pressure in its hydraulic pressure regulation intracavity through the pressure-bearing cylinder base body at laminating plate body pressurized state, the pressurized is less not reach first membrane and the second and seals when membrane rupture pressure, carry out the mode that pushes down to the mobile medium of hydraulic pressure regulation intracavity through the pressure-bearing cylinder, utilize liquid to absorb the extrusion force of tunnel stratum to the laminating plate body of strutting, and utilize mobile medium pressurized reaction force to order about the laminating plate body and give tunnel stratum counter-force, realize the expansion that prevents the tunnel stratum and the increase of displacement volume, reach the stable purpose of guaranteeing the tunnel stratum.
Optionally, a pressure regulating channel is arranged on the inner wall of the base body, an inlet of the pressure regulating channel is arranged on the wall of the space cavity at the lower part of the hydraulic pressure regulating cavity, the highest end of the pressure regulating channel is arranged at the upper part of the base body, and the regulating channel is sequentially provided with a flow limiting plate for reducing the flow area from the horizontal height upwards. The pressure-bearing flowing medium in the hydraulic pressure adjusting cavity in the base body enters the pressure adjusting channel for pressure adjustment, and the flow limiting plate arranged at the same time can reduce the flowing quantity of the flowing medium so as to expand the pressure adjusting range.
Optionally, the attaching substrate includes a self-adjusting cavity, the self-adjusting cavity accommodates a flowing medium, the self-adjusting cavity is externally wrapped with a sealing layer, the sealing layer is externally wrapped with a rubber layer, a gap is reserved between the rubber layer and the sealing layer to form a pressure regulating layer filled with gas, a supporting connection column penetrating through the self-adjusting cavity, the sealing layer and the rubber layer is arranged in the self-adjusting cavity, and a sealing structure is arranged at the penetrating position. The rubber layer is arranged on the surface of the laminating substrate, the self-adjusting cavity is arranged in the rubber layer, the deformation amount of the laminating substrate is improved in a pressure regulating layer mode, the rubber layer can be fully contacted with the contact surface of a tunnel rock stratum, flexible support is achieved, the rubber layer has flexible deformation capacity and better surface strength, the rubber layer can be adjusted along with the concave-convex surface of the contact surface of the rubber layer and the rock stratum through the arranged pressure regulating layer, the support can be guaranteed through internal air pressure, the energy released by the tunnel rock stratum is absorbed, the energy distribution in the tunnel rock stratum is further improved, the loosening ring of the tunnel rock stratum is reduced, meanwhile, the laminating substrate is in surface contact with the tunnel rock stratum, and the supporting pressure can be transferred to the inside of the tunnel rock stratum more favorably, and the purpose of stabilizing the tunnel.
Optionally, a rotating column is connected to the supporting connection column in the self-adjusting cavity, the rotating column and the axis of the supporting connection column are eccentrically arranged, the side face of the rotating column is divided into three arc-shaped faces, the upper cavity face and the lower cavity face of the self-adjusting cavity are respectively in contact with each other in a fitting manner, one cavity face of one side is in contact with the rotating column face, and the wall face of the other side is in line contact with. The supporting connection column is selected to penetrate through and provide rigid support for the whole laminating base plate, the supporting connection column is used as a main bearing, the main bearing absorbs pressure of the tunnel rock stratum in the process of self-adjusting pressure, the flexible support formed by combining the rubber layer, the self-adjusting cavity arranged in the rubber layer and the pressure adjusting layer serves as a secondary bearing, energy released by the tunnel rock stratum is absorbed through mutual coordination between the main bearing and the secondary bearing, energy distribution in the tunnel rock stratum is further improved, and the looseness of the tunnel rock stratum is reduced.
Optionally, a sealing ring is arranged at the connecting end of the base body and the pressure-bearing cylinder, a second sliding sealing plate used for sealing the bottom surface of the hydraulic adjusting cavity is arranged on the bottom surface of the base body, and a sealing screwing cover plate is arranged on the base body at the bottom of the second sliding sealing plate. The sealing ring is arranged to ensure the sealing performance of the flowing medium in the base body so as to prevent leakage of the flowing medium, and the second sliding sealing plate and the sealing screwing cover plate can realize the addition of the flowing medium in the base body.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1) the invention realizes that the existing section bars are quickly assembled into the arch-shaped supporting structure through the processing assembly, and quickly erects the supporting equipment in the tunnel, thereby effectively shortening the construction reaction time;
2) the self-adjusting fitting degree of the contact surface of the support device with the tunnel rock stratum is realized, the structural stress of the support device for tunnel construction is improved, and the problem that a suspension point occurs in the support is effectively prevented;
3) the expansion and the increase of displacement caused by the deformation of the rock stratum are inhibited, the stability of the rock stratum is improved, and a water-resisting effect is achieved;
4) counterforce is given to the tunnel rock stratum in real time in the supporting process, expansion of the tunnel rock stratum and increase of displacement are prevented, and the purpose of ensuring stability of the tunnel rock stratum is achieved;
5) the energy that the tunnel rock stratum released can be absorbed in the supporting process, the energy distribution in the tunnel rock stratum is improved, the loose circle of tunnel rock stratum is reduced, and the laminating base plate and the tunnel rock stratum form surface contact to be more favorable to shifting the supporting pressure to the inside of tunnel rock stratum simultaneously, reaches the purpose that the tunnel rock stratum is stable.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a supporting device for tunnel construction according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 2 is a schematic view illustrating the attachment and detachment of the bonded strut assembly and the processing assembly according to the embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view illustrating the connection between the half socket body and the supporting structural member according to the embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 4 illustrates a schematic view of a tension adjustment assembly as set forth in an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 5 is an internal view of the attached spreader plate assembly and processing assembly of the present application in an assembled state;
fig. 6 is a schematic view illustrating a structure of a bonded substrate according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 7 is a schematic view illustrating an internal structure of a bonded substrate according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 8 is a statistical chart showing the measurement results of the vault subsidence after each excavation in embodiment 3 of the present application;
fig. 9 shows a stress analysis graph of the bonded strut assembly and substrate under compression in example 3 of the present application. Description of reference numerals: 10-a support structure; 20-attaching a supporting plate component; 21-attaching a plate body; 22-a pressure-bearing cylinder; 23-a second sealing film; 24-a first sealing film; 25-a first drainage channel; 26-a second drainage channel; 30-a processing assembly; 31-a substrate; 32-a first assembly through hole; 33-a second assembly through hole; 34-a voltage regulation channel; 35-a first sliding seal plate; 36-a second sliding seal plate; 37-sealing and screwing the cover plate; 38-a sealing ring; 39-a restrictor plate; 40-attaching a substrate; 41-supporting connecting column; 42-rotating column; 43-a sealing layer; 44-a pressure regulating layer; 45-a rubber layer; 50-half of the connecting sleeve body; 51-a first mounting notch; 52-third assembly through hole; 53-fastening the substrate; 54-sealing the plate body; 60-a tension adjustment assembly; 61-trapezoidal supporting plates; 62-a reinforcement plate body; 63-a spring member; 64-a first tensioning lever; 65-a stationary ring body; 66-tensioning the main shaft; 67-a sliding ring body; 68-a second tension adjustment bar; 70-flowing medium.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1:
as shown with reference to figures 1-7,
support apparatus for tunnel construction, comprising: the supporting component 10 and the processing component 30 are used for connecting the supporting component 10 to form an arch supporting structure, the adjacent surfaces of the formed arch supporting structures are connected through a joint substrate 40, the joint supporting plate component 20 is inserted on the processing component 30 and contacts with a construction surface, wherein the processing component 30 comprises a base 31 of a cubic box structure, a first assembling through hole 32 matched with the joint supporting plate component 20 in an inserting manner is arranged at the center of the base 31, half joint sleeves 50 are clamped on two corresponding side surfaces of the base 31, the half joint sleeves 50 are provided with joint side surfaces corresponding to the side surfaces of the base 31, the upper end and the lower end of each joint side surface are connected with wrapping surfaces jointed with the upper end surface and the lower end surface of the base 31, third assembling through holes 52 are arranged on the wrapping surfaces, second assembling through holes 33 corresponding to the third assembling through holes 52 are arranged on the upper surface and the lower surface of the base 31, at least two pairs of fastening substrates 53 arranged, the gap between the fastening substrates 53 is reserved for inserting the supporting structural member 10, and corresponding threaded connection holes and tensioning adjustment grooves are formed in the fastening substrates 53 and the inserted supporting structural member 10. The wrapping surface of the upper part of the half-joint sleeve body 50 is provided with a first assembling notch 51 corresponding to the aperture of the first assembling through hole 32.
The support member 10 selected by the invention is an I-shaped section, and part of the I-shaped section is bent to form an arched door-shaped structure, the I-shaped section of the integrated arched door-shaped structure needs to be specially customized to be not beneficial to quickly erecting support equipment in tunnel construction to support the tunnel face of a tunnel, and the support frame body is driven in a mode of connecting adjacent arched support structures by attaching the substrate 40, namely the support equipment of the invention, so that the support equipment can be quickly erected in the tunnel, compared with the existing tunnel construction support equipment, the invention can realize the quick assembly of the existing section into the arched support structure through the processing assembly 30, effectively shorten the construction reaction time, and when the two ends of the I-shaped section are connected by using the processing assembly 30, the mode of placing an adjusting block on the side surfaces of the half joint sleeve 50 and the base member 31 to adjust the inclination of the attaching side surface of the half joint sleeve 50 and the side surface of the base member 31 so as to realize the bending of the I-shaped Quick connection of style of calligraphy section bar, avoid I shape section bar to bend the problem that there is the clearance to the side of segment face and base member 31, also need not the base member 31 that the special customization was bent, can satisfy different installation demands, it comes to support the effective face support of formation of face and tunnel side to set up laminating splint 40 and laminating fagging subassembly 20 on the support body of fixed completion, reduce the probability that low strength rock produced shear displacement behind the tunnel excavation, prevent the extension of the plastic zone of the rock stratum of tunnel excavation and the increase of displacement volume simultaneously, and can be according to closing splint 40 and laminating fagging subassembly 20 and the laminating degree of self-interacting and holding surface of tunnel rock stratum contact surface, improve tunnel construction's support equipment structure atress, effectively prevent to support the problem appearance of hanging empty point.
The tensioning adjusting groove is externally sealed by sealing plate bodies 54 in a welding mode, a tensioning adjusting assembly 60 is placed in the tensioning adjusting groove, the tensioning adjusting assembly 60 comprises a tensioning main shaft 66 which is perpendicular to the surfaces of the two sealing plate bodies 54, two ends of the tensioning main shaft 66 are sleeved with slidable sliding ring bodies 67, the sliding ring bodies 67 are connected with trapezoidal supporting plates 61 through second tensioning adjusting rods 68, and the trapezoidal supporting plates 61 are attached to the fastening base plate 53 and the supporting structural member 10. The connecting surface of the tension main shaft 66 and the sealing plate 54 is provided with a circular reinforcing plate 62, and the spring member 63 is sleeved on the tension main shaft 66 between the sliding ring body 67 and the reinforcing plate 62. At least two threaded connecting holes are arranged on a fastening base plate 53, corresponding holes are correspondingly drilled on a supporting member 10 correspondingly connected with the threaded connecting holes, a rectangular tensioning adjusting groove is arranged on the fastening base plate 53 between the threaded connecting holes and the side surface of a base part 31, the tensioning adjusting groove with the same flow area and shape is sawn on a supporting member 10 corresponding to the threaded connecting holes, a tensioning adjusting assembly 60 is placed in the tensioning adjusting groove, the purpose is to realize the fastening connection between the fastening base plate 53 and the supporting member 10 by utilizing the threaded connecting holes on the fastening base plate 53 and the drilled holes on the supporting member 10, the threaded connection is set to have an assembly adjusting gap below 5mm, the assembly adjusting assembly 60 is utilized to carry out fine adjustment on the assembly between the supporting member 10 and the fastening base plate 53, so that a self-adjusting gap in a design range is formed between the supporting members 10 connected with the side surfaces of a processing, normally, the self-adjusting gap is set below 5mm, so that the connection between the arched support structure and the contact surface in the tunnel is self-adjusted, when the tunnel rock stratum displaces to extrude the arched support structure, the tensioning adjustment assembly 60 is used for absorbing the displacement, specifically, the connection gap between the support member 10 and the processing assembly 30 is driven to be reduced under the action of the extrusion force, so that the two trapezoidal supporting plates 61 of the tensioning adjustment assembly 60 are oppositely extruded, the trapezoidal supporting plates 61 adjust the sliding of the sliding ring body 67 on the tensioning spindle 66 through the second tensioning adjustment rod 68 by the extrusion force, and the spring 63 is matched to absorb the extrusion force, so that the assembly gap between the assembly 30 and the support structure 10 is reduced, so as to ensure the sufficient contact between the support member 10 and the tunnel rock stratum, especially, when the arched support structure is assembled, the assembly gap between the processing assembly 30 and the support structure 10 is expanded by the tensioning adjustment assembly 60, so that the support structure 10 is deformed towards the tunnel rock stratum Suspension points between tunnel rock decks. The sealing plate 54 and the reinforcing plate 62 are used to enhance the firmness of the support surface for effective adjustment.
The middle section of the tensioning main shaft 66 is fixedly connected with a fixed ring body 65, the fixed ring body 65 is connected with the trapezoidal supporting plate 61 through a first tensioning rod 64 and a spring piece 63, and the first tensioning rod 64 is connected to two sides of the spring piece 63. When the arched support structure is assembled, the spring member 63 connected to the first tensioning rod 64 releases its elastic force to make the trapezoidal supporting plate 61 move towards both sides, and the support structure 10 and the fastening base plate 53 in contact with the trapezoidal supporting plate are pushed to enlarge the assembly gap between the processing assembly 30 and the support structure 10, so that the support structure 10 deforms towards the tunnel rock layer to fill the suspension point between the support structure 10 and the tunnel rock layer.
Laminating fagging subassembly 20 includes the laminating plate body 21 with the contact of construction surface, laminating plate body 21 lower surface center department is connected with cylindricly and the pressure-bearing cylinder 22 that sets up with the cooperation of first assembly through-hole 32, first drainage channel 25 has been seted up to pressure-bearing cylinder 22 center department, be equipped with the second drainage channel 26 with first drainage channel 25 intercommunication in the laminating plate body 21, and laminating plate body 21 surface sets up the jet orifice that corresponds with second drainage channel 26, pressure-bearing cylinder 22 cylinder is located to the inlet of first drainage channel 25, and be equipped with at least two-layer second in the first drainage channel 25 and seal membrane 23. The contact area of the support equipment with the tunnel rock formation and the tunnel face is enlarged by utilizing the joint plate body 21, it is to be noted that the surface of the joint plate body 21 of the invention is basically kept flush with the contact surface of the support structure 10 with the tunnel rock formation and the tunnel face, the joint plate body 21 can be extended outwards and form fit with the tunnel rock formation or the tunnel face to eliminate a suspension point when the unevenness exists on the tunnel rock formation or the tunnel face, in the process, if the acting force of the expansion or the displacement of the tunnel rock formation on the joint plate body 21 is increased due to the overlarge expansion or displacement, the pressure is applied to the hydraulic adjusting cavity in the base body 31 by the pressure-bearing cylinder 22, when the set pressure is reached, the flowing medium 70 respectively breaks through the first sealing film 24 and the second sealing film 23, and is ejected from the surface of the joint plate body 21 along the first liquid discharge channel 25 and the second liquid discharge channel 26 to fill the rock body crack, thereby inhibiting the expansion, the stability of the rock stratum is improved, upward flowing force is formed by filling the rock body cracks with the flowing medium 70 flowing out of the surface of the attaching plate body 21, downward flowing of a water layer on the upper portion of the rock stratum can be restrained, and a water-resisting effect is achieved, and the selected flowing medium 70 is preferably hydraulic oil to further enhance the water-resisting effect.
The base body 31 is internally provided with a hollow cavity, the hollow cavity is internally provided with a first sliding sealing plate 35 which is connected with the pressure-bearing cylinder 22 in a matching way, the first sliding sealing plate 35 can slide up and down relative to the hollow cavity, a hydraulic adjusting cavity is formed between the first sliding sealing plate 35 and the bottom surface of the hollow cavity, a flowing medium 70 is accommodated in the hydraulic adjusting cavity, the first sliding sealing plate 35 is provided with a cylindrical sleeve which is sleeved with the pressure-bearing cylinder 22, the bottom surface of the cylindrical sleeve is provided with a circular groove hole corresponding to the liquid inlet position of the first liquid discharge channel 25, and the circular groove hole is sealed by the first sealing film 24. Apply pressure in its hydraulic pressure regulation intracavity through in the pressure-bearing cylinder 22 base member 31 at laminating plate 21 pressurized state, when the less first membrane 24 and the second membrane 23 rupture pressure of sealing of reaching of pressurized, press down the mode to the mobile medium 70 in the hydraulic pressure regulation intracavity through pressure-bearing cylinder 22 to first sliding seal board 35, utilize liquid absorption tunnel rock stratum to the extrusion force of the laminating plate 21 of strutting, and utilize mobile medium 70 pressurized reaction force to order about laminating plate 21 and give tunnel rock stratum reaction force, realize preventing the expansion of tunnel rock stratum and the increase of displacement volume, reach the stable purpose of guaranteeing the tunnel rock stratum.
The inner wall of the base body 31 is provided with a pressure regulating channel 34, the inlet of the pressure regulating channel 34 is arranged on the wall of the space cavity at the lower part of the hydraulic regulating cavity, the highest end of the pressure regulating channel 34 is arranged at the upper part of the base body 31, and the regulating channel 34 is sequentially provided with a flow limiting plate 39 for reducing the flow area from the horizontal height upwards. The flow restriction plate 39 is provided to reduce the flow amount of the fluid medium 70 and to expand the pressure adjustment range, while the fluid medium 70 under pressure in the fluid pressure adjustment chamber in the base body 31 enters the pressure adjustment passage 34 to be adjusted in pressure.
The attaching base plate 40 comprises a self-adjusting cavity, a flowing medium is contained in the self-adjusting cavity, a sealing layer 43 wraps the outside of the self-adjusting cavity, a rubber layer 45 wraps the outside of the sealing layer 43, a gap is reserved between the rubber layer 45 and the sealing layer 43 to form a pressure regulating layer 44 filled with gas, a supporting connecting column 41 penetrating through the self-adjusting cavity, the sealing layer 43 and the rubber layer 45 is arranged in the self-adjusting cavity, and a sealing structure is arranged at the penetrating position. The deformation quantity of the laminated substrate 40 is improved by arranging the rubber layer 45 on the surface of the laminated substrate 40 and arranging the self-adjusting cavity and the pressure adjusting layer 44 in the rubber layer 45, so that the rubber layer can be fully contacted with a contact surface of a tunnel rock stratum to achieve flexible support, the rubber layer 45 has flexible deformation capacity and better surface strength, the rubber layer 45 can be adjusted along with the concave-convex surface of the contact surface of the rubber layer 45 and the rock stratum to achieve flexible support, the support can be guaranteed through internal air pressure of the rubber layer 45, the energy released by the tunnel rock stratum can be absorbed, the energy distribution in the tunnel rock stratum is further improved, the loosening ring of the tunnel rock stratum is reduced, meanwhile, the laminated substrate 40 is in surface contact with the tunnel rock stratum, and the supporting pressure can be transferred to the interior of the tunnel rock stratum more favorably, and the purpose of stabilizing the tunnel.
The supporting connection post 41 in the self-adjusting cavity is connected with a rotating post 42, the rotating post 42 and the axis of the supporting connection post 41 are eccentrically arranged, the side surface of the rotating post 42 is divided into three arc-shaped surfaces, the upper cavity surface and the lower cavity surface of the self-adjusting cavity are respectively in contact with each other in a laminating manner, one cavity surface is in surface contact with the rotating post 42, and the other wall surface is in line contact with the rotating post 42. The supporting and connecting columns 41 are selected to penetrate through and provide rigid support for the whole attaching base plate 40 to serve as main bearing, pressure is self-regulated in a mode that flowing media 70 in the self-regulating cavities flow around the cambered surfaces of the rotating columns 42 in the process that the main bearing absorbs the pressure of the tunnel rock stratum, the rubber layer 45 and the flexible support formed by the combination of the self-regulating cavities arranged in the rubber layer 45 and the pressure regulating layer 44 serve as secondary bearing, energy released by the tunnel rock stratum is absorbed through mutual coordination of the main bearing and the secondary bearing, and therefore energy distribution in the tunnel rock stratum is improved, and the loosening circle of the tunnel rock stratum is reduced.
The connecting end of the base body 31 and the pressure-bearing column 22 is provided with a sealing ring 38, the bottom surface of the base body 31 is provided with a second sliding sealing plate 36 for sealing the bottom surface of the hydraulic pressure adjusting cavity 34, and the base body 31 at the bottom of the second sliding sealing plate 36 is provided with a sealing screwing cover plate 37. The sealing ring 38 is provided to ensure the sealing performance of the fluid medium 70 in the base body 31 to prevent leakage and to prevent the failure of the setting function, and the second sliding seal plate 36 and the seal screwing cover plate 37 are provided to add the fluid medium 70 to the base body 21.
Example 2:
in practical use, the support equipment for tunnel construction of the invention comprises the following components:
bending the I-shaped section bars to form a semi-arched beam as a tunnel support, connecting the two semi-arched beams to form an arched beam structure through the processing assembly 30, connecting the processing assembly 30 with the linear I-shaped section bars to form a side protecting beam structure, finally forming an arched supporting structure, connecting two adjacent arched supporting structures through the attaching substrate 40, quickly installing the tunnel supporting device in the tunnel excavation process through the mode, giving counterforce to the tunnel rock stratum in real time in the supporting process when the tunnel rock stratum deforms to cause expansion and displacement increase, and improving the stability of the rock stratum.
Example 3:
in this embodiment, tunnel excavation simulation is performed in a manner of manually building a mountain, different support angles of the support equipment for tunnel construction are erected at two ends of a tunnel respectively, the erected support angles are selected to be 90 degrees and 120 degrees respectively, excavation is performed on the tunnel for 7 times, and the vault settlement after each excavation is measured, as shown in fig. 8, it can be seen that the erection equipment with the vault settlement below 90 degrees when the erected support angle is selected to be 120 degrees is provided, and the stability of the tunnel manually simulated rock stratum is effectively ensured after the tunnel is subjected to 7 times of simulated excavation by the equipment with the two erected support angles, and collapse or rock stratum fragment falling does not occur.
Meanwhile, in the present embodiment, the stress analysis of the bonded gusset assembly 20 and the base 30 in the pressed state is performed, and as a result, as shown in fig. 9, it can be seen that the pressure-bearing cylinder 22 in the pressed state can transmit most of the pressure to the base member 31 to adjust the pressure by using the flowing medium 70, so as to reduce the pressure applied to the bonded gusset assembly 20, and the bonded plate body 21 can be deformed correspondingly along with the rock stratum contact surface to fill the suspension point.
It should be noted that the surface of the attaching plate 21 of the present invention is substantially flush with the contact surface of the support structure 10 with the tunnel rock and the tunnel face, and fig. 1 is only a schematic view, and the attaching plate 21 can extend outward and attach to the tunnel rock and the tunnel face to eliminate the hanging point when there is unevenness on the tunnel rock and the tunnel face.
The above disclosure is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and it is therefore to be understood that the invention is not limited by the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (6)
1. Support apparatus for tunnel construction, comprising: the processing assembly comprises a base body of a cubic box structure, a first assembling through hole which is matched with the laminating supporting plate assembly in an inserting manner is formed in the center of the base body, half-joint sleeve bodies are clamped on two corresponding side faces of the base body, each half-joint sleeve body is provided with a laminating side face corresponding to the side face of the base body, the upper end and the lower end of each laminating side face are connected with wrapping faces which are laminated with the upper end face and the lower end face of the base body, third assembling through holes are formed in the wrapping faces, second assembling through holes corresponding to the third assembling through holes are formed in the upper surface and the lower surface of the base body, and at least two pairs of fastening substrates which are adjacently arranged are arranged on the laminating side faces of the half-joint sleeve bodies, gaps of the inserted support structural members are reserved between the fastening substrates, and corresponding threaded connecting holes and tensioning adjusting grooves are formed in the fastening substrates and the inserted support structural members; the tensioning adjusting groove is externally sealed in a welding mode by sealing plate bodies, a tensioning adjusting assembly is placed in the tensioning adjusting groove and comprises tensioning main shafts perpendicular to the surfaces of the two sealing plate bodies, sliding ring bodies capable of sliding are sleeved at two ends of each tensioning main shaft, the sliding ring bodies are connected with trapezoidal supporting plates through second tensioning adjusting rods, and the trapezoidal supporting plates are attached to the fastening base plate and the supporting structural member; the middle section of the tensioning main shaft is fixedly connected with a fixed ring body, the fixed ring body is connected with the trapezoidal supporting plate through a first tensioning rod and a spring part, and the first tensioning rod is connected to two sides of the spring part; the laminating fagging subassembly includes the laminating plate body with the construction face contact, laminating plate body lower surface center department is connected with cylindricly and with the pressure-bearing cylinder that first assembly through-hole cooperation set up, first drainage channel has been seted up to pressure-bearing cylinder center department, the laminating plate internal be equipped with the second drainage channel of first drainage channel intercommunication, and the laminating plate body surface set up the jet that corresponds with second drainage channel, pressure-bearing cylinder face is located to the inlet of first drainage channel, and is equipped with at least two-layer second in the first drainage channel and seals the membrane.
2. The support apparatus for tunnel construction according to claim 1, wherein: the base member is internally provided with a hollow cavity, a first sliding sealing plate which is connected with the pressure-bearing cylinder in a matching mode is arranged in the hollow cavity, the first sliding sealing plate can slide up and down relative to the hollow cavity, a hydraulic adjusting cavity is formed between the first sliding sealing plate and the bottom surface of the hollow cavity, a flowing medium is contained in the hydraulic adjusting cavity, the first sliding sealing plate is provided with a cylindrical sleeve which is sleeved with the pressure-bearing cylinder, a circular groove hole corresponding to the liquid inlet position of the first liquid discharge channel is formed in the bottom surface of the cylindrical sleeve, and the circular groove hole is sealed by a first sealing film.
3. The support apparatus for tunnel construction according to claim 2, wherein: be equipped with the pressure regulating passageway on the wall body in the base member inner wall, on the hydraulic pressure regulation chamber lower part space chamber wall was located to the pressure regulating passageway import, base member upper portion is located to the pressure regulating passageway highest end, and just the regulating passageway upwards is equipped with the current-limiting plate that is used for reducing flow area in proper order by the level.
4. The support apparatus for tunnel construction according to claim 3, wherein: the laminating base plate comprises a self-adjusting cavity, a flowing medium is contained in the self-adjusting cavity, a sealing layer wraps the outside of the self-adjusting cavity, a rubber layer wraps the outside of the sealing layer, a gap is reserved between the rubber layer and the sealing layer to form a pressure regulating layer filled with gas, a supporting connecting column penetrating through the self-adjusting cavity, the sealing layer and the rubber layer is arranged in the self-adjusting cavity, and a sealing structure is arranged at the penetrating position.
5. The support apparatus for tunnel construction according to claim 4, wherein: be connected with the rotation post on the support connection post in the self-interacting intracavity, rotate post and support connection post axle center eccentric settings, it is three arcwall face to rotate the post side branch, the contact of laminating respectively of the upper and lower chamber face in self-interacting chamber, one side chamber face and rotation cylinder contact, opposite side chamber face and rotation post line contact.
6. The supporting apparatus for tunnel construction according to claim 1 or 5, wherein: the base member is equipped with the sealing ring with the link of pressure-bearing cylinder, the base member bottom surface is equipped with the second sliding seal board that is used for sealing hydraulic pressure regulation chamber bottom surface, and is equipped with sealed apron of closing soon on the base member of second sliding seal board bottom.
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| CN201911107539.6A CN110863844B (en) | 2019-11-13 | 2019-11-13 | Support equipment for tunnel construction |
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| CN112049032B (en) * | 2020-07-27 | 2022-05-17 | 成龙建设集团有限公司 | Method for reinforcing municipal highway door opening |
| CN112377220B (en) * | 2020-11-30 | 2022-09-06 | 华侨大学 | Deformation control device for tunnel with ultra-large section and use method |
| CN112627844B (en) * | 2020-12-01 | 2023-09-22 | 中铁建工集团有限公司北京路桥分公司 | Auxiliary device convenient to highway is under construction in tunnel |
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