CN110863844A - Support equipment for tunnel construction - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a support device for tunnel construction, belonging to the technical field of tunnel construction. The device of the invention comprises: a support member and a processing component, which are used for connecting the support members to form an arched support structure, and the formed arched support structure is similar to The adjacent surfaces are connected by the laminating substrate, the supporting plate assembly is attached, and the processing assembly is inserted on the processing assembly and is in contact with the construction surface, wherein the processing assembly includes a base body of a cubic box structure, and a center of the base body is provided with a plug-in socket for the laminating plate assembly. The first assembly through hole is connected and matched, and the two corresponding sides of the base body are clamped with half-joint sleeve bodies. The present invention realizes that the support equipment forms an effective support for the support surface and can self-adjust the fit with the support surface, thereby improving the tunnel support structure. Force, solve the problem of dangling points in the support, and ensure the safety of tunnel construction.

Description

Support equipment for tunnel construction

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of tunnel construction, and more particularly, to a support device for tunnel construction.

Background technique

At present, due to the particularity of tunnel construction, it is necessary to support the tunnel under construction to ensure the safety during the construction process and ensure foolproofness. Generally, in the process of tunnel construction, the method of piling and driving support through side construction, and then laying supporting pipes, etc., this method of laying pipes for support is more troublesome in the implementation process, especially when the tunnel is long in the process, the construction There are certain difficulties, resulting in the difficulty of tunnel construction.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a support device for tunnel construction, which can effectively support the support surface and can self-adjust the fit with the support surface, improve the stress of the tunnel support structure, and solve the problem of hanging points in the support. to ensure the safety of tunnel construction.

The technical solution adopted by the present invention to achieve the above object is: a support device for tunnel construction, comprising: a support member and a processing assembly for connecting the support members to form an arched support structure, and the adjacent surfaces of the formed arched support structure Connected by laminating substrates, laminating support plate components, plugged on the processing components and in contact with the construction surface, wherein the processing components include a base body with a cubic box structure, and the center of the base body is provided with a plug-fit support plate assembly. The first assembly through hole of the base body, the two corresponding sides of the base body are clamped with a half-sleeve body, and the half-sleeve body has a fitting side surface corresponding to the side surface of the base body, and the upper and lower ends of the fitting side surface are connected with the upper and lower end surfaces of the base body. , and a third assembly through hole is opened on the wrapping surface, a second assembly through hole corresponding to the third assembly through hole is opened on the upper and lower surfaces of the base body, and the fitting side of the half-joint sleeve body has at least two pairs of adjacently arranged fastening holes For the base plate, there is a gap for inserting the support structure between the fastened base plates, and corresponding screw connection holes and tension adjustment grooves are formed on the fixed base plate and the inserted support structure. A first assembly notch corresponding to the diameter of the first assembly through hole is opened on the wrapping surface of the upper part of the half sleeve body.

The selected support member of the present invention is an I-shaped profile, and its part is bent to form an arch-shaped structure. The I-shaped profile of the integrated arch structure needs to be specially customized, which is not conducive to the rapid erection of the supporting equipment in the tunnel construction. The supporting frame is supported by the sub-surface, and the supporting frame body is driven by attaching the substrate to connect the adjacent arch-shaped supporting structure, that is, the supporting device of the present invention can realize the rapid erection of the supporting device in the tunnel, compared with the existing tunnel. Construction support equipment, the present invention can realize the rapid assembly of the existing profiles into an arched support structure through the processing components, effectively shorten the construction reaction time, when the processing components are used to connect the two ends of the I-shaped profiles, the semi-joint sleeve body is used. The way of socketing the base piece of the processing assembly can realize placing adjustment blocks on the side of the half socket and the base piece to adjust the inclination of the fitting side of the half socket body and the side of the base piece to realize the adjustment of the bent I-shaped profile. Quick connection can avoid the problem of gap between the bending section surface of the I-shaped profile and the side of the base body, and there is no need to customize the bent base body, which can meet different installation requirements. The support plate assembly is used to form an effective surface support for the supporting face and the side of the tunnel, reducing the probability of shear displacement of low-strength rock after tunnel excavation, and preventing the expansion and displacement of the plastic zone of the rock stratum excavated in the tunnel. According to the self-adjustment of the contact surface of the splint and the support plate assembly and the contact surface of the tunnel rock stratum and the fit of the support surface, the stress of the support equipment structure of the tunnel construction can be improved, and the problem of suspended points in the support can be effectively prevented.

Optionally, the outside of the tensioning adjustment groove is sealed by welding with a sealing plate body, and a tensioning adjustment assembly is placed in the tensioning adjustment groove. The two ends of the main shaft are sleeved with slidable sliding ring bodies, and the sliding ring bodies are connected with trapezoidal support plates through the second tension adjustment rod, and the trapezoidal support plates are arranged in a fit with the fastening base plate and the support structure. A circular reinforcing plate body is arranged on the connecting surface of the tensioning main shaft and the sealing plate body, and a spring member is sleeved on the tensioning main shaft between the sliding ring body and the reinforcing plate body. Choose to set at least two threaded connection holes on the fastening base plate, correspondingly drill holes on the supporting member to be connected, and set up a rectangular tension adjustment groove on the fastening base plate between the threaded connection holes and the side surface of the base piece, to match the corresponding holes. Corresponding support members are simultaneously sawed with tension adjustment grooves with the same flow area and shape, and tension adjustment components are placed in the tension adjustment grooves. To realize the fastened connection between the fastening base plate and the supporting member, set the threaded connection to have an assembly adjustment gap of less than 5mm, and use the tensioning adjustment component to fine-tune the assembly between the supporting member and the fastening base plate, to There is a self-adjustment gap within the design range between the support members that realize the side connection of the processing module. The self-adjustment gap is usually set below 5mm, so that the connection forms a self-adjustment between the arched support structure and the contact surface in the tunnel. When the displacement of the rock formation extrudes the arched support structure, the tension adjustment component is used to absorb it. Specifically, under the action of the extrusion force, the connection gap between the support component and the processing component is driven to shrink, and then the two trapezoids of the tension adjustment component are reduced. The support plate forms an opposite extrusion, and the trapezoidal support plate adjusts the sliding of the sliding ring body on the tensioning spindle through the second tension adjusting rod, and cooperates with the spring to absorb the extrusion force and reduce the assembly. The assembly gap between the support structure and the support structure is to ensure the sufficient contact between the support member and the tunnel rock layer, especially when the arched support structure is assembled and formed, the tensioning adjustment component is used to expand the assembly gap between the treatment component and the support structure, so that the support structure will move towards the tunnel rock layer. The layer is deformed to fill the vacant point between the support structure and the tunnel rock layer. In order to ensure effective adjustment, the firmness of the support surface is enhanced by sealing the plate body and the reinforcing plate body.

Optionally, a fixing ring body is fixedly connected to the middle section of the tensioning main shaft, the fixing ring body is connected to the trapezoidal support plate through a first tensioning rod and a spring member, and the first tensioning rod is connected to both sides of the spring member. When the arched support structure is assembled and formed, the elastic force of the spring member connected to the first tension rod is released to promote the displacement of the trapezoidal support plate to both sides, push the support structure it contacts and fasten the base plate to expand the processing assembly and support The assembly gap of the structure causes the support structure to deform toward the tunnel rock layer to fill the vacant point between the support structure and the tunnel rock layer.

Optionally, the laminating support plate assembly includes a laminating plate body in contact with the construction surface, and a cylindrical pressure-bearing column body is connected to the center of the lower surface of the laminating plate body and is arranged in cooperation with the first assembly through hole, and the center of the pressure-bearing column body is connected. A first liquid discharge channel is opened at the top, a second liquid discharge channel communicated with the first liquid discharge channel is provided in the lamination plate body, and a jet port corresponding to the second liquid discharge channel is opened on the surface of the lamination plate body, and the first liquid discharge channel is opened. The liquid inlet of the channel is arranged on the cylindrical surface of the pressure-bearing cylinder, and at least two layers of second sealing films are arranged in the first liquid discharge channel. The contact area between the supporting equipment and the tunnel rock formation and the tunnel face is expanded by using the laminated plate body. It should be noted that the surface of the laminated plate body and the contact surface between the supporting structure and the tunnel rock formation and the tunnel face of the present invention are basically flush. There are irregularities in the tunnel rock stratum or the face of the tunnel, and the laminating plate can expand and contract outwards and form a fit with the tunnel rock stratum or the tunnel face to eliminate the dangling points. In this process, if the tunnel stratum expands or the displacement is too large The force of the lamination plate increases, and the pressure-bearing cylinder applies pressure to the hydraulic adjustment chamber in the base. When the set pressure is reached, the flowing medium breaks through the first sealing film and the second sealing film respectively, and flows along the first drainage channel. And the second drainage channel is ejected from the surface of the laminated plate body to fill the cracks of the rock mass, suppressing the expansion and displacement caused by the deformation of the rock formation, improving the stability of the rock formation, and the flow medium flowing out from the surface of the laminated plate body has a negative impact on the rock mass. The upward flow force formed by the filling of the rock mass cracks can inhibit the downward flow of the upper water layer of the rock layer to achieve the water barrier effect. The selected flow medium is preferably hydraulic oil to further enhance the water barrier effect.

Optionally, there is a hollow chamber inside the base body, the hollow chamber is provided with a first sliding sealing plate that is matched and connected with the pressure-bearing cylinder, the first sliding sealing plate can slide up and down relative to the hollow chamber, and the first sliding sealing plate is A hydraulic adjustment cavity is formed between the bottom surface of the hollow cavity and the hydraulic adjustment cavity, and the fluid medium is placed in the hydraulic adjustment cavity. The circular slot hole corresponding to the position of the liquid port is sealed by the first sealing film. When the laminated plate is under pressure, pressure is applied in the hydraulic adjustment chamber through the pressure-bearing cylinder base. The first sliding sealing plate presses down the flowing medium in the hydraulic adjustment chamber, using the liquid to absorb the extrusion force of the tunnel rock formation on the supporting laminated body, and using the pressure reaction force of the flowing medium to drive the laminated plate body to give The reaction force with the tunnel rock layer can prevent the expansion of the tunnel rock layer and the increase of the displacement, and achieve the purpose of ensuring the stability of the tunnel rock layer.

Optionally, the inner wall of the base is provided with a pressure regulating channel, the inlet of the pressure regulating channel is set on the cavity wall of the lower space of the hydraulic adjustment cavity, the highest end of the pressure regulating channel is set on the upper part of the base body, and the regulating channels are arranged in order from the horizontal height upwards for Restrictor plates that reduce the flow area. The pressurized flow medium inside the hydraulic adjustment chamber in the base enters the pressure regulation channel for pressure regulation, and the flow restricting plate provided at the same time can reduce the flow of the flow medium to expand the pressure regulation range.

Optionally, the bonding substrate includes a self-adjusting cavity, the self-adjusting cavity accommodates a flowing medium, and the self-adjusting cavity is wrapped with a sealing layer, and the sealing layer is wrapped with a rubber layer, and a gap is left between the rubber layer and the sealing layer to form a gas-filled pressure regulation. The self-adjusting cavity is provided with a support connecting column penetrating through the self-adjusting cavity, the sealing layer and the rubber layer, and a sealing structure is arranged at the penetration. By arranging a rubber layer on the surface of the laminating substrate and a self-regulating cavity and a pressure regulating layer inside it, the deformation of the laminating substrate can be improved, so that the contact surface with the tunnel rock formation can be fully contacted, so as to achieve flexible support. The rubber layer has flexible deformation ability and good surface strength. Through the pressure regulating layer provided, the rubber layer can be fitted with the concave and convex surface of the contact surface of the rock layer to realize the adjustment of the inside of the pressure regulating layer, and through its internal air pressure Ensure the support to absorb the energy released by the tunnel rock formation, thereby improving the energy distribution in the tunnel rock formation, reducing the loose circle of the tunnel rock formation, and at the same time, the contact between the substrate and the tunnel formation surface is more conducive to transfer the support pressure to the tunnel rock formation. The purpose of tunnel rock formation stabilization.

Optionally, a rotating column is connected to the support connecting column in the self-adjusting cavity, the axis of the rotating column and the supporting connecting column are eccentrically arranged, the side surface of the rotating column is divided into three arc surfaces, and the upper and lower cavity surfaces of the self-adjusting cavity are respectively fitted. Contact, one side of the cavity surface is in contact with the rotating cylinder, and the other side wall is in contact with the rotating cylinder. The supporting connecting column is selected to penetrate through and provide rigid support to the entire laminated substrate. As the main bearing, the flow medium in the self-adjusting cavity is used to flow around the arc surface of the rotating column in the process of absorbing the pressure of the tunnel rock formation by the main support. , the rubber layer, and the flexible support formed by the combination of the self-regulating cavity and the pressure-regulating layer provided inside it serve as the secondary bearing, and absorb the energy released by the tunnel rock formation through the mutual coordination between the primary and secondary bearing loads, thereby improving the energy in the tunnel rock formation. distribution, reducing the loose circle of the tunnel rock formation.

Optionally, the connecting end of the base body and the pressure-bearing cylinder is provided with a sealing ring, the bottom surface of the base body is provided with a second sliding sealing plate for closing the bottom surface of the hydraulic adjustment chamber, and the base body at the bottom of the second sliding sealing plate is provided with a sealing screw joint. cover plate. The sealing ring is provided to ensure the tightness of the flowing medium inside the base body, so as to prevent it from leaking out and causing it to fail to perform its setting function, and the provided second sliding sealing plate and sealing and screwing cover plate can realize the addition to the interior of the base body. flow medium.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

1) The present invention realizes that the existing profiles are quickly assembled into an arched support structure through the processing components, and the support equipment is quickly erected in the tunnel, effectively shortening the construction reaction time;

2) Realize the self-adjusting fit with the contact surface of the tunnel rock layer, improve the stress of the support equipment structure in the tunnel construction, and effectively prevent the problem of suspending points in the support;

3) Inhibit the expansion and displacement increase caused by the deformation of the rock formation, improve the stability of the rock formation, and achieve the water-proof effect;

4) During the supporting process, the reaction force of the tunnel rock layer is given in real time, so as to prevent the expansion of the tunnel rock layer and the increase of the displacement, and achieve the purpose of ensuring the stability of the tunnel rock layer;

5) During the supporting process, the energy released by the tunnel rock formation can be absorbed, the energy distribution in the tunnel rock formation can be improved, and the loose circle of the tunnel rock formation can be reduced. At the same time, the contact between the substrate and the tunnel formation surface is more conducive to transfer the support pressure to the interior of the tunnel rock formation. , to achieve the purpose of tunnel rock formation stability.

Description of drawings

In order to explain the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art more clearly, the following briefly introduces the accompanying drawings that need to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only These are some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can also be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 shows a schematic structural diagram of a support device for tunnel construction proposed by an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 2 shows a schematic diagram of disassembly and assembly of the bonding support plate assembly and the processing assembly proposed in the embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 3 shows a schematic diagram of the connection between the half-joint body and the support structure proposed in the embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 4 shows a schematic diagram of the tension adjustment assembly proposed in the embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 5 shows an internal schematic diagram of the bonding support plate assembly and the processing assembly in an assembled state according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 6 shows a schematic structural diagram of a laminated substrate proposed in an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 7 shows a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the laminated substrate proposed in the embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 8 shows a statistical diagram of the measurement result of the subsidence of the vault after each excavation in Example 3 of the present application;

FIG. 9 shows the stress analysis diagram of the adhered support plate assembly and the substrate under compression in Example 3 of the present application. Explanation of reference numerals: 10-support structure; 20-fitted support plate assembly; 21-fitted plate body; 22-pressure-bearing cylinder; 23-second sealing film; 24-first sealing film; 25-first 26-second drainage channel; 30-processing assembly; 31-base body; 32-first assembly through hole; 33-second assembly through hole; 34-pressure regulating channel; 35-first sliding sealing plate 36-Second sliding sealing plate; 37-Sealing and screwing cover plate; 38-Sealing ring; 39-Limiting plate; 44-pressure regulating layer; 45-rubber layer; 50-half socket body; 51-first assembly notch; 52-third assembly through hole; 53-fastening base plate; 54-sealing plate body; 60-tensioning Adjustment assembly; 61 - trapezoidal support plate; 62 - reinforcing plate body; 63 - spring piece; 64 - the first tension adjustment rod; 65 - fixed ring body; 66 - tension spindle; Two tensioning levers; 70-flow medium.

Detailed ways

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Example 1:

See Figure 1-7,

The support equipment for tunnel construction includes: a support member 10 and a processing assembly 30 for connecting the support member 10 to form an arch-shaped support structure, and the adjacent surfaces of the formed arch-shaped support structure are connected by a laminating base plate 40, and laminating the supporting structure. The plate assembly 20 is plugged on the processing assembly 30 and is in contact with the construction surface, wherein the processing assembly 30 includes a base body 31 of a cubic box structure, and a first plug-and-matching support plate assembly 20 is provided at the center of the base body 31 . The through hole 32 is assembled, the two corresponding sides of the base body 31 are clamped with a half-sleeve body 50, and the half-sleeve body 50 has a fitting side surface corresponding to the side surface of the base body 31, and the upper and lower ends of the fitting side surface are connected with the upper and lower end surfaces of the base body 31. The wrapping surface is provided with a third assembly through hole 52, the upper and lower surfaces of the base body 31 are provided with a second assembly through hole 33 corresponding to the third assembly through hole 52, and the fitting side of the half sleeve body 50 has at least Two pairs of adjacently arranged fastening base plates 53, there is a gap between the fastening base plates 53 for inserting the supporting structure 10, and corresponding threaded connection holes and tensioning holes are formed on the fastening base plate 53 and the inserted supporting structure 10. Tighten the adjustment slot. A first assembling slot 51 corresponding to the diameter of the first assembling through hole 32 is formed on the wrapping surface of the upper part of the half sleeve body 50 .

The supporting member 10 selected in the present invention is an I-shaped profile, and its part is bent to form an arch-shaped structure. The I-shaped profile of the integrated arch structure needs to be specially customized, which is not conducive to the rapid erection of support equipment in tunnel construction. The support frame is supported by the palm face, and the support frame body is driven by attaching the base plate 40 to connect the adjacent arch-shaped support structures, that is, the support device of the present invention can realize the rapid erection of the support device in the tunnel. Compared with the existing The present invention can realize the rapid assembly of the existing profiles into an arch-shaped support structure through the processing component 30, effectively shorten the construction reaction time, and use the processing component 30 to connect the two ends of the I-shaped profile. The way of socketing the base member 31 of the processing assembly 30 with the half socket body 50 can realize placing adjustment blocks on the sides of the half socket body 50 and the base member 31 to adjust the inclination of the fitting side of the half socket body 50 and the side surface of the base member 31 It can realize the quick connection of the bent I-shaped profile, avoid the problem of gap between the bending section surface of the I-shaped profile and the side of the base body 31, and there is no need to customize the bent base body 31, which can meet different installation requirements. The fixed support frame body is provided with a fitting splint 40 and a fitting support plate assembly 20 to support the supporting face and the tunnel side surface to form an effective surface, so as to reduce the probability of shear displacement of low-strength rocks after tunnel excavation. At the same time, the expansion of the plastic zone and the increase of the displacement of the rock formation in the tunnel excavation are prevented, and the self-adjustment of the contact surface between the clamping plate 40 and the laminating plate assembly 20 and the contact surface of the tunnel rock formation and the supporting surface can improve the tunnel construction. The structure of the supporting equipment is stressed, which effectively prevents the problem of dangling points in the support.

The outside of the tension adjustment groove is sealed by welding with the sealing plate body 54, and the tension adjustment assembly 60 is placed in the tension adjustment groove. The two ends of the tightening spindle 66 are sleeved with slidable sliding ring bodies 67, and the sliding ring body 67 is connected with a trapezoidal support plate 61 through a second tension adjustment rod 68. The trapezoidal support plate 61 is connected with the fastening base plate 53 and the supporting structure 10 Fitting settings. A circular reinforcing plate body 62 is provided on the connecting surface of the tensioning main shaft 66 and the sealing plate body 54 , and a spring member 63 is sleeved on the tensioning main shaft 66 between the sliding ring body 67 and the reinforcing plate body 62 . Choose to set at least two threaded connection holes on the fastening base plate 53, which correspond to the corresponding drilling holes on the supporting member 10 to be connected, and set up rectangular tensioning holes on the fastening base plate 53 between the threaded connection holes and the side surface of the base member 31. The adjustment groove, the corresponding support member 10 is simultaneously sawed with a tension adjustment groove with the same flow area and shape, and the tension adjustment assembly 60 is placed in the tension adjustment groove, the purpose is to use the fastener to fasten the base plate 53. The threaded connection holes and the drilling holes on the supporting member 10 are used to realize the fastening connection between the fastening base plate 53 and the supporting member 10. Set the threaded connection to have an assembly adjustment gap of less than 5 mm, and use the tension adjustment assembly 60 to adjust the supporting structure. The assembly and fine adjustment between the member 10 and the fastening base plate 53 are used to realize the self-adjustment gap within the design range between the support members 10 connected to the side of the processing assembly 30. The self-adjustment gap is usually set below 5mm, so that the connection forms an arch. The self-adjustment between the support structure and the contact surface in the tunnel is absorbed by the tension adjustment assembly 60 when the displacement of the tunnel rock formation extrudes the arched support structure. Specifically, the support member 10 is driven under the action of the extrusion force. The connection gap with the processing assembly 30 is reduced, and then the two trapezoidal support plates 61 of the tension adjustment assembly 60 are pressed against each other. The sliding on the tensioning main shaft 66 also cooperates with the spring member 63 to absorb the pressing force, reduce the assembly gap between the assembly 30 and the support structure 10, and ensure sufficient contact between the support member 10 and the tunnel rock layer, especially in the case of When the arched support structure is assembled and formed, the tension adjustment assembly 60 is used to expand the assembly gap between the processing assembly 30 and the support structure 10 , so that the support structure 10 deforms to the tunnel rock layer to fill the vacant point between the support structure 10 and the tunnel rock layer. In order to ensure effective adjustment, the firmness of the supporting surface is enhanced by the sealing plate body 54 and the reinforcing plate body 62 .

A fixed ring body 65 is fixedly connected to the middle section of the tensioning main shaft 66 . When the arched support structure is assembled and formed, the spring member 63 connected on the first tension rod 64 releases its elastic force to promote the displacement of the trapezoidal support plate 61 to both sides, and pushes the support structure 10 and the fastening base plate 53 that are in contact with the support structure 53 to release the elastic force. Enlarging the assembly gap between the processing assembly 30 and the support structure 10 causes the support structure 10 to deform toward the tunnel rock layer to fill the vacant point between the support structure 10 and the tunnel rock layer.

The laminating support plate assembly 20 includes a laminating plate body 21 in contact with the construction surface, and a cylindrical pressure-bearing cylinder 22 is connected to the center of the lower surface of the laminating plate body 21 and is arranged in cooperation with the first assembly through hole 32 . The center of 22 is provided with a first liquid discharge channel 25, a second liquid discharge channel 26 connected to the first liquid discharge channel 25 is provided in the bonding plate body 21, and a second liquid discharge channel 26 is opened on the surface of the bonding plate body 21. Corresponding to the injection port, the liquid inlet of the first liquid discharge channel 25 is provided on the cylindrical surface of the pressure-bearing cylinder 22 , and at least two layers of the second sealing film 23 are provided in the first liquid discharge channel 25 . The contact area between the supporting equipment and the tunnel rock formation and the tunnel face is expanded by using the laminated plate body 21. It should be noted that the surface of the laminated plate body 21 of the present invention and the contact surface between the support structure 10 and the tunnel rock formation and the tunnel face are basically flat. If there is unevenness in the tunnel rock stratum or the face of the tunnel, the laminating plate 21 can expand and contract outward and form a fit with the tunnel rock stratum or the tunnel face to eliminate the suspended point. During this process, if the tunnel rock stratum expands or displaces If the amount is too large, the force on the bonding plate body 21 increases, and pressure is applied to the hydraulic adjustment chamber in the base body 31 through the pressure-bearing cylinder 22. When the set pressure is reached, the flowing medium 70 breaks through the first sealing film 24 and the second sealing film 24 respectively. The sealing film 23 is sprayed from the surface of the laminating plate body 21 along the first liquid discharge channel 25 and the second liquid discharge channel 26 to fill the cracks of the rock mass, suppressing the expansion and displacement caused by the deformation of the rock formation, and improving the stability of the rock formation In addition, the flow medium 70 flowing out from the surface of the laminated plate body 21 fills the cracks of the rock mass to form an upward flow force, which can inhibit the downward flow of the upper water layer of the rock layer to achieve the water-proof effect. The selected flow medium 70 is preferably hydraulic oil. Further enhance the waterproof effect.

The base body 31 has a hollow chamber inside, and the hollow chamber is provided with a first sliding sealing plate 35 which is matched and connected with the pressure-bearing cylinder 22. The first sliding sealing plate 35 can slide up and down relative to the hollow chamber, and the first sliding sealing plate 35 A hydraulic adjustment cavity is formed between 35 and the bottom surface of the hollow chamber, and the fluid medium 70 is placed in the hydraulic adjustment cavity. The circular slot hole corresponding to the position of the liquid inlet of the liquid discharge channel 25 is sealed by the first sealing film 24 . In the pressurized state of the bonding plate body 21, the pressure is applied in the hydraulic pressure regulating cavity in the base body 31 of the pressure-bearing cylinder 22, and when the pressure is small and does not reach the membrane breaking pressure of the first sealing film 24 and the second sealing film 23, the pressure is passed through The pressure-bearing column 22 presses down the first sliding sealing plate 35 on the flowing medium 70 in the hydraulic adjustment chamber, using the liquid to absorb the pressing force of the tunnel rock formation on the supporting fitted plate 21, and using the flowing medium 70 The compressive reaction force drives the bonding plate body 21 to give the tunnel rock layer reaction force, so as to prevent the expansion of the tunnel rock layer and the increase of the displacement, and achieve the purpose of ensuring the stability of the tunnel rock layer.

The inner wall of the base body 31 is provided with a pressure regulating channel 34, the inlet of the pressure regulating channel 34 is arranged on the cavity wall of the lower space of the hydraulic adjustment chamber, the highest end of the pressure regulating channel 34 is arranged on the upper part of the base body 31, and the regulating channels 34 are arranged in order from the horizontal height upward. There are restrictor plates 39 for reducing the flow area. The pressurized flow medium 70 in the hydraulic adjustment chamber in the base body 31 enters the pressure regulation channel 34 for pressure regulation, and the flow restricting plate 39 provided at the same time can reduce the flow of the flow medium 70 to expand the pressure regulation range.

The lamination substrate 40 includes a self-adjusting cavity, the self-adjusting cavity accommodates a flowing medium, and the self-adjusting cavity is wrapped with a sealing layer 43, and the sealing layer 43 is wrapped with a rubber layer 45. There is a gap between the rubber layer 45 and the sealing layer 43 to form a gas-filled The pressure regulating layer 44 is provided with a support connecting column 41 in the self-regulating cavity, which penetrates the self-regulating cavity, the sealing layer 43 and the rubber layer 45, and a sealing structure is provided at the penetration. By arranging the rubber layer 45 on the surface of the bonding substrate 40 and the self-regulating cavity and the pressure regulating layer 44 inside it, the deformation amount of the bonding substrate 40 is increased, so that the contact surface of the bonding substrate 40 can be fully contacted to achieve Flexible support, the rubber layer 45 has flexible deformation ability and good surface strength, through the provided pressure regulating layer 44, the rubber layer 45 can follow the concave and convex surface of the contact surface with the rock stratum to realize the fit inside the pressure regulating layer 44. It can be adjusted and supported by its internal air pressure to absorb the energy released by the tunnel rock formation, thereby improving the energy distribution in the tunnel rock formation and reducing the loose circle of the tunnel rock formation. The support pressure is transferred to the inside of the tunnel rock stratum to achieve the purpose of the tunnel rock stratum stability.

A rotating column 42 is connected to the supporting connecting column 41 in the self-adjusting cavity. The rotating column 42 and the supporting connecting column 41 are eccentrically arranged in the axial center. In contact with each other, the cavity surface on one side is in surface contact with the rotating column 42 , and the wall surface on the other side is in line contact with the rotating column 42 . The supporting connecting column 41 is selected to penetrate through and provide rigid support to the entire laminated substrate 40, as the main bearing, in the process of absorbing the tunnel rock formation pressure by the main support, the flow medium 70 in the self-adjusting cavity is used to flow around the arc surface of the rotating column 42. Self-adjusting and pressurized, the rubber layer 45, the flexible support formed by the combination of the self-adjusting cavity and the pressure-adjusting layer 44 provided in the rubber layer 45 acts as a secondary bearing, and absorbs the energy released by the tunnel rock formation through the coordination between the primary and secondary bearing. Improve the energy distribution in the tunnel rock formation and reduce the loose circle of the tunnel rock formation.

The connecting end of the base body 31 and the pressure-bearing cylinder 22 is provided with a sealing ring 38 , the bottom surface of the base body 31 is provided with a second sliding sealing plate 36 for closing the bottom surface of the hydraulic adjustment chamber 34 , and the base body 31 at the bottom of the second sliding sealing plate 36 is provided on the base body 31 . There is a sealing screw-on cover plate 37 . The sealing ring 38 is provided to ensure the sealing of the flowing medium 70 inside the base body 31, so as to prevent its leakage from being able to perform its set function, and the provided second sliding sealing plate 36 and the sealing and screwing cover plate 37 can The flow medium 70 is added to the inside of the base body 21 .

Example 2:

In actual use of the support equipment for tunnel construction of the present invention:

The I-shaped profile is bent as a half-arch beam supported by the tunnel, and the two half-arch beams are connected to form an arch beam structure through the processing component 30, and then the straight I-shaped beam is connected by the processing component 30. The profiles are connected to form a supporting beam structure, and finally an arched support structure is formed, and then the connection between the two adjacent arched support structures is realized by laminating the base plate 40. In the process of tunnel excavation, it is quickly installed in the tunnel in this way. Tunnel support equipment, and when the deformation of the tunnel stratum causes expansion and increased displacement, it will give the tunnel stratum reaction force in real time during the support process to improve the stability of the rock stratum.

Example 3:

In this embodiment, the tunnel excavation simulation is carried out by artificially stacking mountains, and the support equipment for tunnel construction of the present invention with different support angles is erected at both ends of the tunnel. 7 times of excavation, and the subsidence amount of the vault after each excavation is measured, the results are shown in Figure 8, it can be seen that the erection support angle of the present invention is less than 90° when the arch subsidence amount is selected at 120°. , and the two equipments for erecting support angles effectively ensured the stability of the artificially simulated rock formation in the tunnel after 7 times of simulated excavation in the tunnel, and there was no collapse or falling off of rock fragments.

At the same time, the present embodiment analyzes the stress of the lamination support plate assembly 20 and the base body 30 under pressure. The results are shown in FIG. 9 , it can be seen that under the pressure state, the pressure-bearing cylinder 22 can transmit most of the pressure to the base member In 31, the flow medium 70 is used to adjust the pressure to reduce the pressure on the sticking plate assembly 20, and the sticking plate body 21 can be deformed correspondingly with the contact surface of the rock formation to fill the vacant point.

It should be noted that the surface of the laminated plate body 21 of the present invention is basically flush with the contact surface of the support structure 10 and the tunnel rock formation and the tunnel face. The accompanying drawing 1 is only a schematic diagram, and there are unevenness in the tunnel rock formation or the tunnel face. At this point, the adhered plate body 21 can expand and contract outwards and form a close fit with the tunnel rock formation or the tunnel face to eliminate the dangling point.

The above disclosures are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and of course, the scope of the rights of the present invention cannot be limited by this. Therefore, equivalent changes made according to the claims of the present invention are still within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. Support apparatus for tunnel construction, comprising: the processing assembly comprises a base body of a cubic box structure, a first assembling through hole which is matched with the laminating supporting plate assembly in an inserting manner is formed in the center of the base body, half-joint sleeve bodies are clamped on two corresponding side faces of the base body, each half-joint sleeve body is provided with a laminating side face corresponding to the side face of the base body, the upper end and the lower end of each laminating side face are connected with wrapping faces which are laminated with the upper end face and the lower end face of the base body, a third assembling through hole is formed in each wrapping face, second assembling through holes which correspond to the third assembling through holes are formed in the upper surface and the lower surface of the base body, at least two pairs of fastening substrates which are adjacently arranged are arranged on the laminating side faces of the half-joint sleeve bodies, and a gap of the inserting supporting structural member is reserved between the fastening substrates, and corresponding threaded connecting holes and tensioning adjusting grooves are formed in the fastening substrate and the inserted supporting structural member.

2. The support apparatus for tunnel construction according to claim 1, wherein: adopt the involution plate body welded type involution outside the tensioning adjustment tank, tensioning adjusting part has been placed in the tensioning adjustment tank, tensioning adjusting part include with the tensioning main shaft of two involution plate body surface vertical settings, the slip ring body that can slide has been cup jointed at tensioning main shaft both ends, the slip ring body is connected with trapezoidal fagging through second tensioning adjustment rod, trapezoidal fagging sets up with fastening base plate, the laminating of supporting structure spare.

3. The support apparatus for tunnel construction according to claim 2, wherein: the tensioning main shaft middle section fixedly connected with fixed ring body, the fixed ring body is connected with trapezoidal fagging through first tensioning rod and spring part, first tensioning rod is connected in the spring part both sides.

4. The support apparatus for tunnel construction according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein: the laminating fagging subassembly includes the laminating plate body with the construction face contact, laminating plate body lower surface center department is connected with cylindricly and with the pressure-bearing cylinder that first assembly through-hole cooperation set up, first drainage channel has been seted up to pressure-bearing cylinder center department, the laminating plate internal be equipped with the second drainage channel of first drainage channel intercommunication, and the laminating plate body surface set up the jet that corresponds with second drainage channel, pressure-bearing cylinder face is located to the inlet of first drainage channel, and is equipped with at least two-layer second in the first drainage channel and seals the membrane.

5. The support apparatus for tunnel construction according to claim 4, wherein: the base member is internally provided with a hollow cavity, a first sliding sealing plate which is connected with the pressure-bearing cylinder in a matching mode is arranged in the hollow cavity, the first sliding sealing plate can slide up and down relative to the hollow cavity, a hydraulic adjusting cavity is formed between the first sliding sealing plate and the bottom surface of the hollow cavity, a flowing medium is contained in the hydraulic adjusting cavity, the first sliding sealing plate is provided with a cylindrical sleeve which is sleeved with the pressure-bearing cylinder, a circular groove hole corresponding to the liquid inlet position of the first liquid discharge channel is formed in the bottom surface of the cylindrical sleeve, and the circular groove hole is sealed by a first sealing film.

6. The support apparatus for tunnel construction according to claim 5, wherein: be equipped with the pressure regulating passageway on the wall body in the base member inner wall, on the hydraulic pressure regulation chamber lower part space chamber wall was located to the pressure regulating passageway import, base member upper portion is located to the pressure regulating passageway highest end, and just the regulating passageway upwards is equipped with the current-limiting plate that is used for reducing flow area in proper order by the level.

7. The support apparatus for tunnel construction according to claim 6, wherein: the laminating base plate comprises a self-adjusting cavity, a flowing medium is contained in the self-adjusting cavity, a sealing layer wraps the outside of the self-adjusting cavity, a rubber layer wraps the outside of the sealing layer, a gap is reserved between the rubber layer and the sealing layer to form a pressure regulating layer filled with gas, a supporting connecting column penetrating through the self-adjusting cavity, the sealing layer and the rubber layer is arranged in the self-adjusting cavity, and a sealing structure is arranged at the penetrating position.

8. The support apparatus for tunnel construction according to claim 7, wherein: be connected with the rotation post on the support connection post in the self-interacting intracavity, rotate post and support connection post axle center eccentric settings, it is three arcwall face to rotate the post side branch, the contact of laminating respectively of the upper and lower chamber surface in self-interacting chamber, one side chamber surface and rotation cylinder contact, the wall of the opposite side and rotation post line contact.

9. The supporting apparatus for tunnel construction according to claim 1 or 8, wherein: the base member is equipped with the sealing ring with the link of pressure-bearing cylinder, the base member bottom surface is equipped with the second sliding seal board that is used for sealing hydraulic pressure regulation chamber bottom surface, and is equipped with sealed apron of closing soon on the base member of second sliding seal board bottom.

Images