CN110860373B - Magnetic separation device for solid ferromagnetic waste - Google Patents
Magnetic separation device for solid ferromagnetic waste Download PDFInfo
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- CN110860373B CN110860373B CN201911069503.3A CN201911069503A CN110860373B CN 110860373 B CN110860373 B CN 110860373B CN 201911069503 A CN201911069503 A CN 201911069503A CN 110860373 B CN110860373 B CN 110860373B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C1/00—Magnetic separation
- B03C1/02—Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated
- B03C1/16—Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated with material carriers in the form of belts
- B03C1/18—Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated with material carriers in the form of belts with magnets moving during operation
Abstract
The invention provides a magnetic separation device for solid ferromagnetic waste, which mainly comprises a feed inlet, a feeding conveyer belt, a metal detection device, a magnetic separation device, a controller, a motor and the like, wherein the magnetic separation device mainly comprises an electromagnetic roller, a coil iron core, an electrode end plate, a power supply end plate and the like; the controller can change the magnetic field intensity of the coil iron core according to the detected amount of the ferromagnetic waste, but always uses the required maximum current detected by the metal detection device in the time period of three quarters of the rotation of the magnetic separation roller as the supply current so as to reliably separate the ferromagnetic waste; non-ferromagnetic discarded object directly falls into non-ferromagnetic material district because of gravity, and ferromagnetic discarded object is adsorbed on the feed conveyer belt by magnetic field force, reduces until disappearing along with the magnetic field force that receives gradually, and ferromagnetic discarded object falls into ferromagnetic material region, accomplishes the magnetic separation once so far. The invention reduces energy consumption, protects the environment, effectively avoids the damage of ferromagnetic waste to the incinerator and prolongs the service life of the magnetic separation device.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a magnetic separation device for solid ferromagnetic waste, which is mainly used for magnetic separation of the solid ferromagnetic waste and the like, saves energy, protects the environment, protects an incinerator from being damaged in the incineration process, and prolongs the service life of the incinerator and the magnetic separation device.
Technical Field
The solid waste produced in daily life of people greatly pollutes the environment and harms the health of people, and simultaneously, the solid waste also occupies a large amount of land resources. In the prior art, solid waste treatment mainly comprises three types of sanitary landfill, composting and incineration, wherein the incineration is a relatively hot treatment mode because the volume and weight of the garbage can be greatly reduced and clean electric energy can be generated. The disposal mode of the sanitary landfill accounts for about 78 percent of the disposal quantity, and the classification and the subdivision of the garbage are not strong, so that a more effective recycling route is not formed. However, solid wastes are often complex in components, various in types and different in size, and particularly are often placed in plastic bags, so that the water content is high, the garbage is difficult to burn, the efficiency is low, and the solid wastes are one of the inducements for generating dioxin. In addition, the solid waste often contains ferromagnetic waste such as iron scrap, and the waste is not suitable for disposal in sanitary landfills, composts or incinerators, so the ferromagnetic waste must be screened and separated before disposal to improve the subsequent disposal efficiency. In the prior art, a magnetic separation device is commonly used for classifying and separating the solid wastes, and the working principle is that the magnetic field is utilized to adsorb the solid ferromagnetic wastes, but the non-magnetic wastes are not interfered in the magnetic field, so that the ferromagnetic wastes are separated. Although the existing magnetic separation equipment can separate solid ferromagnetic waste, the existing magnetic separation equipment generally adopts constant magnetism, and the magnetic field intensity of the existing magnetic separation equipment can not change along with the content of the solid ferromagnetic waste, so that energy waste can be caused when the content of the ferromagnetic waste is low, and the service life of the equipment and the energy waste can be shortened by mechanically scraping and separating the ferromagnetic waste. The problem can be solved by setting the magnetic field for adsorbing the ferromagnetic waste to be a variable magnetic field, and the energy consumption is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The magnetic separation device for the solid ferromagnetic waste is mainly composed of a feeding hole, a feeding conveying belt, a metal detection device, a magnetic separation device, a material collecting groove, a rack, a controller and a motor. During magnetic separation, the controller judges the magnitude of the magnetic field force required by the ferromagnetic waste through adsorption separation according to the signal of the amount of the ferromagnetic waste detected by the metal detection device, and changes the magnitude of the required current according to the signal, so that the magnetic field intensity of the electromagnetic roller is adjusted, the magnetic field intensity of the electromagnetic roller can be changed along with the amount of the ferromagnetic waste, and the purposes of reliable magnetic separation and energy conservation are achieved. When the metal monitoring device detects that the content of the ferromagnetic waste is high, the controller increases the current of the electromagnetic roller and increases the magnetic field intensity of the electromagnetic roller and the adsorption force of the magnetic field on the ferromagnetic waste; when the metal monitoring device detects that the ferromagnetic waste is less, the controller does not reduce the current immediately, but uses the maximum current detected by the metal detecting device in the time period of three quarters of the rotation of the electromagnetic roller as the supply current so as to reliably separate the ferromagnetic waste. When the solid waste moves above the material collecting groove along with the feeding conveyer belt, the non-ferromagnetic waste directly falls into the non-magnetic waste material collecting groove under the action of gravity, and the ferromagnetic waste is adsorbed on the feeding conveyer belt on the surface of the electromagnetic roller due to the magnetic field force; the ferromagnetic waste adsorbed on the feeding conveyer belt is continuously conveyed forwards along with the rotation of the electromagnetic roller, and when the feeding conveyer belt is gradually far away from the electromagnetic roller and the gravity borne by the ferromagnetic waste is greater than the adsorption force of a magnetic field, the ferromagnetic waste falls into the ferromagnetic waste collecting tank below; thus, the magnetic separation of the solid waste is completed. The magnetic field intensity of the electromagnetic roller in the invention can change along with the content of the solid ferromagnetic waste, so as to realize high-efficiency and reliable magnetic separation of the solid ferromagnetic waste, reduce energy consumption, protect the environment, avoid the damage of the ferromagnetic waste to the incinerator in the incineration process, and prolong the service life of the magnetic separation device and the incinerator.
The present invention achieves the above technical objects by the following technical means.
A magnetic separation device for solid ferromagnetic waste mainly comprises a feed port 1, a feeding conveyer belt 2, a metal detection device 3, a magnetic separation device 4, a material collecting groove 5, a rack 6, a controller 7 and a motor 8, wherein the feed port 1 is fixedly arranged above the feeding conveyer belt 2 at the end of the motor 8 through a support; the metal detection device 3 is positioned above the feeding conveyer belt 2 and is used for detecting the content of the ferromagnetic materials in the waste; the controller 7 is fixedly arranged on the side surface of the frame 6; the supporting legs 6-1 are symmetrically and fixedly connected with the bottom surfaces of the two ends of the rack 6 respectively so as to support the rack 6 and enhance the stability of the whole magnetic separation device; the material collecting groove 5 is positioned below the magnetic separation device 4, is separated by a baffle in the middle and is used for placing non-ferromagnetic and ferromagnetic wastes; the magnetic separation device 4 comprises a rotating shaft 4-1, a shaft end flange 4-2, an electromagnetic roller 4-3, a coil iron core 4-4, an electrode end plate 4-5 and a power supply end plate 4-6; one end of the feeding conveyer belt 2 is provided with a motor 8, the other end of the feeding conveyer belt is provided with a magnetic separation device 4, the feeding conveyer belt 2 is driven by the motor 8 to drive the solid waste to be conveyed forwards, and the magnetic separation device (4) is driven to rotate, adsorb and separate the ferromagnetic waste for magnetic separation; the frame 6 mainly comprises two side plates, four supporting legs 6-1 and a cross beam. The power supply of the magnetic separation device can be an alternating current power supply or a direct current power supply, and the coil terminals have two connection methods during the direct current power supply: the direction of the magnetic field generated by two adjacent electromagnet strips is the same, and the direction of the magnetic field generated by two adjacent electromagnet strips is opposite.
The invention is used for magnetic separation of solid ferromagnetic waste, and the working process mainly comprises the following steps:
during magnetic separation, the solid waste to be selected passes through the feed inlet 1 and is evenly distributed on the feeding conveyer belt 2, and along with the forward movement of the feeding conveyer belt 2, the metal detection device 3 can detect the content of the ferromagnetic material in the solid waste and transmit a detection signal to the controller 7. The controller 7 judges the required magnetic field intensity according to the received signal, changes the intensity of the power supply current according to the intensity of the magnetic field intensity, and adjusts the magnetic field intensity of the coil iron core 4-4, and the current supplied by the controller 7 is always the maximum current required by the coil iron core 4-4 to adsorb ferromagnetic waste; when the metal detection device 3 detects that the content of the ferromagnetic waste is high, the controller 7 increases the current and enhances the magnetic field intensity of the coil iron core 4-4; when the metal detection device 3 detects that the content of the ferromagnetic waste is low, the controller 7 does not immediately reduce the current, but keeps the maximum current required by the ferromagnetic waste detected in the time period of three quarters of the rotation of the electromagnetic roller 4-3 which is performing the magnetic separation work, so as to ensure that the magnetic separation work of the solid waste is reliably and smoothly completed; note that: the current of the coil iron core 4-4 is always the maximum current required by ferromagnetic waste detected in the time period of three quarters of the rotation of the electromagnetic roller 4-3.
When the nonmagnetic solid waste runs to the front end of the magnetic separation device 4, the nonmagnetic solid waste directly falls off from the feeding conveyer belt 2 under the action of gravity and falls into a nonmagnetic waste area at the front end of the material collecting groove 5 below, and the ferromagnetic waste is adsorbed on the feeding conveyer belt 2 by magnetic force to continue to move forwards; when the coil terminal 4-4-2 on the electromagnetic roller 4-3 is separated from the collinear end, the power supply electrode plate 4-6-2 and the power supply electrode plate 4-6-3 are in the region, and the feeding conveyor belt 2 is gradually separated from the electromagnetic roller 4-3, the magnetic field force borne by the ferromagnetic waste is gradually reduced until the ferromagnetic waste disappears, the ferromagnetic waste falls into the ferromagnetic waste region at the rear end of the material collecting groove 5 from the feeding conveyor belt 2 under the action of gravity, and the magnetic separation work of the ferromagnetic materials in the solid waste is completed. This magnetic separation separator can realize high-efficient, reliable solid ferromagnetism discarded object's magnetic separation, has reduced the consumption of electric energy, and the environmental protection ferromagnetic discarded object is to burning the harm that the burning furnace caused when effectively avoiding burning, prolongs magnetic separation device and burns the life of burning furnace.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a magnetic separation device for solid ferromagnetic waste of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the key structure of the magnetic separation device for solid ferromagnetic waste of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a magnetic separation apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the coil core structure of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view of the installation structure of the coil core on the inner wall of the drum according to the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the electrode terminal plate structure of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a power supply terminal structure according to the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the magnetic separation process of the ferromagnetic household solid waste of the present invention.
The reference numerals are explained below:
1. a feed hopper; 2. a feeding conveyor belt; 3. a metal detection device; 4. a magnetic separation device; 4-1. a rotating shaft; 4-2. a shaft end flange; 4-3, an electromagnetic roller; 4-4. a coil core; 4-4-1. iron core; 4-4-2. coil terminals; 4-5, electrode end plate; 4-5-1, carbon brush electrode holes at the collinear ends; 4-5-2. rotating shaft holes of the electrode end plates; 4-5-3, carbon brush electrode holes; 4-6, a power supply end plate; 4-6-1. a power supply end plate rotating shaft hole; 4-6-2, supplying an electrode plate at the collinear end; 4-6-3, providing an electrode plate; 5. a material collecting groove; 6. a frame; 6-1, supporting legs; 7. a controller; 8. an electric motor.
As shown in fig. 1, the magnetic separation device for solid ferromagnetic waste of the present invention includes a feeding port 1, a feeding conveyer belt 2, a metal detection device 3, a magnetic separation device 4, a collecting trough 5, a frame 6, a controller 7, a motor 8, and the like. The feeding port 1 is fixedly arranged above the feeding conveyer belt 2 at the end of the motor 8 through a bracket; the metal detection device 3 is positioned above the feeding conveyer belt 2 and used for detecting the content of the ferromagnetic materials in the waste and transmitting a real-time detection signal to the controller 7; the magnetic separation device (4) comprises a rotating shaft 4-1, a shaft end flange 4-2, an electromagnetic roller 4-3, a coil iron core 4-4, an electrode end plate 4-5 and a power supply end plate 4-6; one end of the feeding conveyer belt 2 is provided with a motor 8, the other end is provided with a magnetic separation device 4, the motor 8 drives an electromagnetic roller 4-3 of the magnetic separation device 4 to rotate through the feeding conveyer belt 2, and magnetic separation of solid ferromagnetic waste is realized; the material collecting groove 5 is positioned below the magnetic separation device 4, the two ends of the material collecting groove are respectively non-ferromagnetic and ferromagnetic waste collecting areas, and the middle of the material collecting groove is separated by a baffle plate and used for separating separated non-ferromagnetic and ferromagnetic solid wastes.
As shown in fig. 2, the invention relates to a key component of a magnetic separation device for solid ferromagnetic waste. The controller 7 is fixedly arranged on the side surface of the rack 6, the controller 7 judges the required magnetic field intensity according to the received signal of the metal detection device 3, changes the supplied current, adjusts the magnetic field intensity generated by the coil iron core 4-4 and changes the adsorption force of the magnetic separation device 4 on ferromagnetic waste; the machine frame 6 mainly comprises two side plates, four supporting legs 6-1 and a cross beam, wherein the supporting legs 6-1 are respectively and symmetrically and fixedly connected with the bottom surfaces of two ends of the machine frame 6 so as to support the machine frame 6 and enhance the stability of the whole magnetic separation device.
As shown in FIG. 3, the magnetic separation device of the present invention has a structure. The magnetic separation device 4 mainly comprises a rotating shaft 4-1, a shaft end flange 4-2, an electromagnetic roller 4-3 and a power supply end plate 4-6, wherein the rotating shaft 4-1 is positioned at two ends of the magnetic separation device 4, one end of the rotating shaft 4-1 is respectively arranged in rotating shaft holes of the shaft end flange 4-2 and the electrode end plate 4-5, and the other end of the rotating shaft is arranged on two side plates of a frame 6 through a bearing and is used for supporting the rotation of the electromagnetic roller 4-3 and the magnetic separation work of the magnetic separation device 4; the coil iron cores 4-4 are uniformly distributed and fixedly arranged on the inner surface of the electromagnetic roller 4-3; the power supply end plate 4-6 is fixedly arranged on a side plate of the frame 6 and used for supplying power to the coil iron core 4-4 during magnetic separation, the power supply current is determined by the controller 7 according to the received information of the amount of ferromagnetic waste detected by the metal detection device 3, and the current of the coil iron core 4-4 is always the maximum current required by the ferromagnetic waste detected in the time period of three quarters of the rotation of the electromagnetic roller 4-3.
As shown in fig. 4 and 5, the coil core 4-4 of the device of the invention and the installation structure thereof in the electromagnetic roller 4-3 are schematically shown. The coil iron core 4-4 consists of an iron core 4-4-1 and a coil terminal 4-4-2, and the current in the coil is changed under the regulation and control of the controller 7 according to the amount of ferromagnetic waste detected by the metal detection device 3; the coil iron cores 4-4 are uniformly distributed and fixed on the inner wall of the electromagnetic roller 4-3, the ferromagnetic materials in the solid waste are adsorbed by the magnetic field force generated by the coil iron cores, and the ferromagnetic waste is separated under the action of gravity because the magnetic field force disappears when the ferromagnetic waste reaches a separation area.
As shown in FIG. 6, the electrode end plates 4-5 of the magnetic separation device 4 in the apparatus of the present invention. The electrode end plate 4-5 is fixedly connected to the end part of the electromagnetic roller 4-3, the rotating shaft hole 4-5-2 of the electrode end plate at the center is used for fixedly positioning and installing the rotating shaft 4-1, the carbon brush electrode hole 4-5-1 and the carbon brush electrode hole 4-5-3 at the collinear end are used for installing two types of elastic carbon brush electrodes powered by coils on the coil iron core 4-4, and the elastic carbon brush electrode tip is embedded into the carbon brush electrode hole and can well contact the feeding electrode plate 4-6-2 and the feeding electrode plate 4-6-3 at the collinear end so as to keep the good working reliability of the magnetic separation device 4.
As shown in figure 7, the power supply end plates 4-6 of the magnetic separation device 4 in the device are arranged. The power supply end plate 4-6 is fixedly arranged on the inner side surface of the side plate of the frame 6, a power supply end plate rotating shaft hole 4-6-1 in the center is used for positioning and installing a rotating shaft 4-1 at the other end, and the rotating shaft 4-1 and the power supply end plate rotating shaft hole 4-6-1 are in clearance fit to ensure that the rotating shaft can rotate freely; the collinear end power supply electrode plate 4-6-2 and the power supply electrode plate 4-6-3 are embedded into the power supply end plate 4-6, the whole surface is smooth, so that the sliding process of the collinear end power supply electrode plate and the elastic carbon brush electrode is smooth, good contact and stable current are kept, and the magnetic separation device 4 is good in working reliability and stability.
As shown in FIG. 8, the magnetic separation process of ferromagnetic solid waste in the magnetic separation device of the present invention is schematically illustrated. When the solid ferromagnetic waste is subjected to magnetic separation operation, the solid ferromagnetic waste is conveyed to an electromagnetic roller 4-3 of a magnetic separation device 4 through a feeding conveyer belt 2, and the ferromagnetic waste is adsorbed on the surface of the electromagnetic roller 4-3 under the action of the magnetic field force of a coil iron core 4-4; with the rotation of the electromagnetic roller 4-3, the non-ferromagnetic waste falls into a non-ferromagnetic waste area in the lower material collecting tank 5 under the action of gravity, and the ferromagnetic waste continuously rotates forwards along with the electromagnetic roller 4-3 under the adsorption of the magnetic field force of the coil iron core 4-4; when the feeding conveyer belt 2 rotates to be separated from the electromagnetic roller 4-3, the coil terminal 4-4-2 on the electromagnetic roller 4-3 is separated from the position of the region of the power supply electrode plate 4-6-2 and the power supply electrode plate 4-6-3 at the collinear end, the ferromagnetic waste is gradually reduced until the ferromagnetic waste disappears under the adsorption force of the electromagnetic roller 4-3, and the ferromagnetic waste falls into the ferromagnetic waste region in the material collecting groove 5 below under the action of gravity; thus, the magnetic separation of the solid waste is completed.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
the invention will be further described with reference to the following figures and specific examples, but the scope of the invention is not limited thereto.
According to the magnetic separation device for the solid ferromagnetic waste, when magnetic separation is started, the waste to be separated is uniformly distributed on the feeding conveyer belt 2 through the feeding hole 1; when the waste moves forwards along with the feeding conveyer belt 2 and passes through the metal detection device 3, the metal detection device 3 can detect the amount of ferromagnetic materials contained in the waste when the waste passes through and transmit detected signals to the controller 7; the controller 7 judges the required magnetic field intensity and magnetic field force according to the received ferromagnetic material content signal, and changes the current of the input coil iron core 4-4 according to the magnetic field intensity and the magnetic field force, so as to adjust the adsorption force of the electromagnetic roller 4-3 on ferromagnetic waste; when the metal detection device 3 detects that the content of the passing ferromagnetic waste is large, the controller 7 increases the power supply current according to the signal, and the magnetic field intensity and the magnetic field force of the coil iron core 4-4 are increased; when the metal detection device 3 detects that the content of the ferromagnetic materials in the passing waste is low, the controller 7 does not immediately reduce the power supply current according to the signal, but still supplies the power according to the maximum current value required in the quarter-third-cycle time period of the rotation of the electromagnetic roller 4-3, so as to ensure the effective and reliable magnetic separation of the solid ferromagnetic waste; during the power supply period to the coil iron core 4-4, the controller 7 takes the maximum current required by the ferromagnetic waste detected by the metal detection device 3 in the time period of three quarters of the rotation of the electromagnetic roller 4-3 as the power supply current value of the coil iron core 4-4 required by the garbage material which is being magnetically separated on the electromagnetic roller 4-3.
When the solid waste moves to the position of the electromagnetic roller 4-3 along with the feeding conveyer belt 2, magnetic separation is carried out, and when the solid non-ferromagnetic waste moves to the front end position of the electromagnetic roller 4-3, the solid non-ferromagnetic waste falls into a non-ferromagnetic waste area in the material collecting tank 4 below the feeding conveyer belt 2 under the action of self gravity; the solid ferromagnetic waste is adsorbed on the outer surface of a feeding conveyer belt 2 wrapping an electromagnetic roller 4-3 by the magnetic field force of a coil iron core 4-4 and continuously moves forwards along with the outer surface, when the feeding conveyer belt is separated from the electromagnetic roller 4-3, a coil terminal 4-4-2 on the electromagnetic roller 4-3 is separated from a collinear end to be provided with an electrode plate 4-6-2 and a power supply electrode plate 4-6-3, the electromagnetic force for adsorbing the ferromagnetic waste is gradually reduced until the electromagnetic force disappears, and the solid ferromagnetic waste falls into a ferromagnetic waste area in a material collecting groove 4 from the feeding conveyer belt (2) under the action of gravity, so that the magnetic separation work of the solid waste is completed. The magnetic field intensity of the ferromagnetic waste adsorbed by the invention can be changed along with the content of the ferromagnetic materials in the waste, the ferromagnetic waste can be stably and reliably subjected to magnetic separation, the energy consumption is reduced, the environment is protected, the damage of the ferromagnetic waste to the incinerator during incineration is effectively avoided, and the service lives of the magnetic separation device and the incinerator are prolonged.
The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and any obvious improvements, substitutions or modifications can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A magnetic separation device for solid ferromagnetic waste mainly comprises a feed port (1), a feeding conveyer belt (2), a metal detection device (3), a magnetic separation device (4), a material collecting groove (5), a rack (6), a controller (7) and a motor (8), wherein the feed port (1) is fixedly arranged above the feeding conveyer belt (2) at the end of the motor (8) through a support; the metal detection device (3) is positioned above the feeding conveyer belt (2) and is used for detecting the content of the ferromagnetic materials in the waste and transmitting a real-time detection signal to the controller (7); the material collecting groove (5) is positioned below the magnetic separation device (4), and the middle of the material collecting groove is separated by a baffle and used for separating non-ferromagnetic and ferromagnetic wastes; the method is characterized in that: one end of the feeding conveyer belt (2) is provided with a motor (8), the other end of the feeding conveyer belt is provided with a magnetic separation device (4), the magnetic separation device (4) comprises a rotating shaft (4-1), a shaft end flange (4-2), an electromagnetic roller (4-3), a coil iron core (4-4), an electrode end plate (4-5) and a power supply end plate (4-6), and the motor (8) drives the electromagnetic roller (4-3) of the magnetic separation device (4) to rotate through the feeding conveyer belt (2), so that the magnetic separation of solid ferromagnetic waste is realized; the controller (7) is fixedly arranged on the side face of the rack (6), the controller (7) judges the required magnetic field intensity according to the received signal of the content of the solid ferromagnetic waste detected by the metal detection device (3), changes the supplied current, adjusts the magnetic field intensity generated by the coil iron core (4-4), and changes the adsorption force of the magnetic separation device (4) on the ferromagnetic waste; the frame (6) mainly comprises two side plates, four support legs (6-1) and a cross beam; the supporting legs (6-1) are symmetrically and fixedly connected with the bottom surfaces of the two ends of the rack (6) respectively so as to support the rack (6) and enhance the stability of the whole magnetic separation device; the rotating shafts (4-1) are positioned at two ends of the magnetic separation device (4), one end of each rotating shaft is respectively arranged in a rotating shaft hole of the shaft end flange (4-2) and the rotating shaft hole of the electrode end plate (4-5), and the other end of each rotating shaft is arranged on two side plates of the rack (6) through bearings and used for supporting the rotation of the electromagnetic roller (4-3) and the magnetic separation work of the magnetic separation device (4); the power supply end plates (4-6) are fixedly arranged on a side plate of the rack (6) and used for supplying power to the coil iron cores (4-4) during magnetic separation, the power supply current is determined by the controller (7) according to the received information of the amount of ferromagnetic waste detected by the metal detection device (3), and the current of the coil iron cores (4-4) is always the maximum current required by the ferromagnetic waste detected in the time period of three quarter revolutions of the electromagnetic drum (4-3).
2. The magnetic separation device for solid ferromagnetic waste as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the coil iron cores (4-4) are composed of iron cores (4-4-1) and coil terminals (4-4-2), and are uniformly distributed and fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the electromagnetic roller (4-3); the current in the coil is changed under the regulation and control of a controller (7) according to the amount of ferromagnetic waste detected by the metal detection device (3); the magnetic field force generated by the magnetic separation device is used for adsorbing solid ferromagnetic waste, and when the solid ferromagnetic waste reaches a separation area, the ferromagnetic waste falls and is separated under the action of gravity because the magnetic field force disappears.
3. The magnetic separation device for solid ferromagnetic waste as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the electrode end plate (4-5) is fixedly connected to the end part of the electromagnetic roller (4-3), a rotating shaft hole (4-5-2) of the electrode end plate at the center is used for positioning and fixedly mounting a rotating shaft (4-1), and a first carbon brush electrode hole (4-5-1) and a second carbon brush electrode hole (4-5-3) at the collinear end are used for mounting two types of elastic carbon brush electrodes for supplying power to a coil on a coil iron core (4-4).
4. The magnetic separation device for solid ferromagnetic waste as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the power supply end plate (4-6) is fixedly arranged on the inner side surface of the side plate of the rack (6), a rotating shaft hole (4-6-1) of the power supply end plate at the center is used for positioning and installing a rotating shaft (4-1) at the other end, and the rotating shaft (4-1) is in clearance fit with the rotating shaft hole (4-6-1) of the power supply end plate to ensure that the power supply end plate can freely rotate; the first power supply electrode plate (4-6-2) and the second power supply electrode plate (4-6-3) at the common line end are embedded into the power supply end plate (4-6), the whole surface is smooth, so that the sliding process of the elastic carbon brush electrode is smooth, good contact and current stability are kept, and the magnetic separation device (4) has good working reliability and stability.
5. A magnetic separation method using the magnetic separation device for solid ferromagnetic waste of claim 4, wherein the magnetic separation step is as follows:
during magnetic separation, solid waste to be selected is uniformly distributed on the feeding conveyer belt (2) through the feeding hole (1), and the metal detection device (3) can detect the content of ferromagnetic materials in the solid waste along with the forward movement of the feeding conveyer belt (2) and transmit a detection signal to the controller (7);
the controller (7) judges the required magnetic field intensity according to the received signal, changes the supply current according to the magnetic field intensity, and adjusts the magnetic field intensity of the coil iron core (4-4), and the current supplied by the controller (7) is always the maximum current required by the coil iron core (4-4) to adsorb ferromagnetic waste; when the metal detection device (3) detects that the content of ferromagnetic waste is high, the controller (7) increases the current and enhances the magnetic field intensity of the coil iron core (4-4); when the metal detection device (3) detects that the content of the ferromagnetic materials is low, the controller (7) does not immediately reduce the current, but keeps the maximum current required by the ferromagnetic waste detected in the time period of three quarters of the rotation of the electromagnetic roller (4-3) which is performing the magnetic separation work, so as to ensure that the magnetic separation work of the ferromagnetic waste is reliably and smoothly completed; the current of the coil iron core (4-4) is always the maximum current required by ferromagnetic waste detected in the time period of three quarters of the rotation of the electromagnetic roller (4-3);
when the solid nonmagnetic waste runs to the front end of the magnetic separation device (4), the solid nonmagnetic waste directly falls off from the feeding conveyer belt (2) due to the action of gravity and falls into a nonmagnetic waste area at the front end of the collecting groove (5) below, and the ferromagnetic waste is still adsorbed on the feeding conveyer belt (2) by magnetic field force and continues to move forwards; when the coil terminal (4-4-2) on the electromagnetic roller (4-3) is separated from the first electrode supply plate (4-6-2) and the second electrode supply plate (4-6-3) at the common line end and the feeding conveyor belt (2) is gradually separated from the electromagnetic roller (4-3), the magnetic field force borne by the ferromagnetic waste is gradually reduced until the ferromagnetic waste disappears, and the ferromagnetic waste falls into the ferromagnetic waste area at the rear end of the material collecting groove (5) from the feeding conveyor belt (2) under the action of gravity, so that the magnetic separation work of the solid ferromagnetic waste is completed.
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| CN101231263A (en) * | 2007-01-26 | 2008-07-30 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | Method for detecting iron member using magnetosensitive element by constant magnetic deironing device |
| CN101398408B (en) * | 2007-09-29 | 2011-01-19 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | Iron member detecting method and device of constant magnetic deironing device by sound wave |
| CN102039221B (en) * | 2010-09-10 | 2012-07-25 | 安徽燕之坊食品有限公司 | Controllable magnetic separator |
| CN106311462A (en) * | 2015-06-18 | 2017-01-11 | 杨爱平 | Magnetic minerals dry separation method and magnetic separation machine thereof |
| CN205328084U (en) * | 2015-12-10 | 2016-06-22 | 天津瑞杰塑料制品有限公司 | Metallic impurity detecting device suitable for conveyor belt mechanism |
| CN205925934U (en) * | 2016-08-17 | 2017-02-08 | 北京和升达信息安全技术有限公司 | Multi -stage reduction device of utensil magnetic separation function |
| CN208944608U (en) * | 2018-09-30 | 2019-06-07 | 北京芬帝食品有限公司 | It is a kind of for improving the metal detection system of food quality |
| CN109225625A (en) * | 2018-11-07 | 2019-01-18 | 夏冬生 | A kind of adjustable magnetic plant of magnetic adsorption capacity |
| CN109201333A (en) * | 2018-11-07 | 2019-01-15 | 夏冬生 | A kind of magnetic plant |
| CN109277189A (en) * | 2018-12-04 | 2019-01-29 | 山东科力华电磁设备有限公司 | Electromagnetic eddy sorting machine |
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