CN211488116U - Variable magnetic separation device for solid ferromagnetic household garbage materials - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model provides a variable magnetism magnetic separation device of solid ferromagnetism domestic waste material, including support, magnetic separation subassembly, mounting flange, power input shaft, magnetic separation cylinder and magnetic force reversing bar, the magnetic separation subassembly contains connecting axle, bar magnet, magnetic force switching-over rudder, self-lubricating bearing, key, reset spring and location steel ball again. When the magnetic separation device works, the magnetic reversing rod enables the magnetic separation component to rotate by touching the tiller, the magnetic field direction of the bar magnet rotates 90 degrees under the matching of the reset spring, the positioning steel ball and the positioning hole, ferromagnetic garbage materials fall under the action of gravity due to 90-degree magnetic loss of the magnetic force direction, and then separation of solid ferromagnetic household garbage materials is achieved. The utility model discloses avoided present strike off magnetic waste, ferromagnetism rubbish material to burning furnace's harm from strong magnetic field machinery, reduced energy loss, refuse treatment cost, prolonged refuse handling installation's life-span and trouble-free operating time, improved solid domestic waste's incineration efficiency, magnetic separation splitter and burnt furnace's life.

Description

Variable magnetic separation device for solid ferromagnetic household garbage materials

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a variable magnetism magnetic separation device of solid domestic waste material, in particular to can become magnetism magnetic separation device, magnetism waste material preliminary treatment etc. in the mainly used solid waste rubbish can prevent that magnetism waste material from burning the in-process harm and burning furnace and energy saving and improve magnetic separation device life.

Technical Field

Solid waste generated in daily life by people has complex components, various types and different volumes, and if the solid waste is not treated in time, the solid waste greatly pollutes the environment and the human health, and simultaneously occupies and pollutes a large amount of land resources. The existing solid domestic garbage treatment mainly comprises three modes of sanitary landfill, composting and incineration. The current sanitary landfill treatment mode accounts for about 78% of the treatment capacity of the household garbage; the compost utilization is difficult to form more effective recycling due to the weak classification and subdivision of the garbage; incineration enables the volume and weight of the garbage to be greatly reduced, clean electric energy can be generated through recycling, and the garbage is a popular treatment mode due to the prominent problem of the garbage in recent years. Because the domestic garbage often contains magnetic garbage such as iron scrap and the like, the garbage is not suitable for sanitary landfill and compost utilization and is not suitable for incineration treatment, and the incineration process can cause serious damage to an incinerator, so that the ferromagnetic garbage materials must be screened and separated before the garbage treatment, the treatment efficiency of subsequent nonmagnetic garbage materials can be improved, the iron scrap resources can be recycled, and the energy is saved and the environment is protected.

The working principle of the garbage classification magnetic separation device is that ferromagnetic garbage materials in solid household garbage are absorbed and screened out by utilizing magnetic force. The existing magnetic separation equipment generally adopts a permanent magnet to screen, mechanically scrape and separate and recover ferromagnetic garbage materials through the suction force of a constant magnetic field (while the non-magnetic materials are not interfered when passing through the magnetic field). However, because the permanent magnet is a constant magnetic field and the magnetic field intensity of the permanent magnet is always changed, the magnetic materials separated by magnetism can be separated from the magnetic field (namely separated from the magnetic separation roller) only under the strong mechanical action of the scraper, so the defects of the screening and separating mode at present are that the scraper is subjected to huge mechanical impact, is easy to damage, wastes energy, is difficult to separate and recover thoroughly, can cause serious damage to the incinerator in the incineration process, and reduces the reliability and the service life of the magnetic separation device and the incinerator.

Disclosure of Invention

To ferromagnetic rubbish material that exists among the current rubbish magnetic separation technique must strike off from strong magnetic field machinery, both extravagant energy and seriously reduce magnetic separation equipment's reliability and life's problem, the utility model provides a variable magnetism magnetic separation device of solid ferromagnetic domestic waste material, including support, magnetic separation subassembly, mounting flange, power input shaft, magnetic separation cylinder and magnetic force reversing bar, the magnetic separation subassembly includes connecting axle, bar magnet, magnetic force steering rudder, self-lubricating bearing, key, reset spring and location steel ball again. When the garbage magnetic separation is carried out, the power input shaft drives the mounting flange to drive the magnetic separation roller to rotate, the household garbage materials pass through the surface of the magnetic separation roller through the garbage feeding hopper, the magnetic garbage materials are adsorbed on the surface of the roller by the magnetic force of the bar-shaped magnet, and the non-magnetic garbage materials fall into the non-magnetic garbage material conveying belt from the surface of the roller under the action of the gravity of the non-magnetic garbage materials; after the adsorbed magnetic garbage materials rotate along with the roller and pass through the partition plate, the tiller of the magnetic reversing rudder can touch the magnetic reversing rod, the magnetic separation assembly rotates under the action of the magnetic reversing rod, the bar-shaped magnet rotates 90 degrees under the combined cooperation action of the reset spring, the positioning steel ball and the positioning hole, then the magnetic direction of the magnetic field also rotates 90 degrees, and the magnetic garbage materials fall into the magnetic garbage material conveying belt due to the loss of the adsorbed magnetic force; the magnetic reversing rudder continues to rotate along with the magnetic separation roller, when the rudder shank touches another magnetic reversing rod, the bar magnet rotates by 90 degrees again, namely the magnetic direction rotates by 90 degrees again, and the magnetic force can adsorb the magnetic garbage materials on the surface of the magnetic separation roller again; thus, the magnetic separation of the household garbage materials in one period is completed, and the magnetic separation of the ferromagnetic household garbage materials can be completed through repeated continuous circulation.

Advantageous effects

The variable magnetic separation device for solid ferromagnetic household garbage materials completely avoids mechanically scraping ferromagnetic garbage materials from a strong magnetic field, saves energy, reduces the cost of garbage sorting treatment, and prolongs the service life and the trouble-free working time of garbage sorting equipment; in addition, the incineration efficiency of the solid household garbage is improved, the damage of magnetic garbage materials to the incinerator in the incineration process is effectively avoided, the service life of ferromagnetic household garbage material treatment equipment is prolonged, the reliability of a production line is improved, and the working time and the economic benefit are improved.

The utility model discloses an above-mentioned technical purpose is realized to following technological means:

a variable magnetic separation device for solid ferromagnetic household garbage materials comprises a support (1), a magnetic separation component (2), a mounting flange (3), a power input shaft (4), a magnetic separation roller (5) and a magnetic reversing rod (6); the magnetic separation component (2) mainly comprises a connecting shaft (2-1), a bar magnet (2-2), a magnetic reversing rudder (2-3), a self-lubricating bearing (2-4), a key (2-5), a return spring (2-6) and a positioning steel ball (2-7); one end of the connecting shaft (2-1) is fixedly connected with the magnetic reversing rudder (2-3) through a key (2-5), and the bar magnet (2-2) is fixedly connected with the connecting shaft (2-1); the bottom end of the reset spring (2-6) is placed in the mounting hole (2-8), and the upper end of the reset spring is fixed with a positioning steel ball (2-7); the mounting flange (3), the through hole II (3-2) and the magnetic separation roller (5) are concentric with the power input shaft (4), the mounting flange (3) is fixedly connected to two ends of the magnetic separation roller (5) and is fixedly connected with the power input shaft (4) through the through hole II (3-2); one end of a connecting shaft (2-1) of the magnetic separation component (2) is arranged at a through hole I (3-1) of the mounting flange (3) through a self-lubricating bearing (2-4), and the other end of the connecting shaft is arranged at the through hole I (3-1) of the mounting flange (3) at the other end through the self-lubricating bearing (2-4) with a positioning hole; one end of the magnetic reversing rod (6) is fixed on the support (1), and in the operation process, the magnetic separation roller (5) and the components thereof are driven by the power input shaft (4) to rotate, so that the tiller (2-3-1) of each magnetic reversing rudder (2-3) is touched when passing through the position of the magnetic reversing rod (6), the magnetic separation component (2) is driven to rotate 90 degrees, and the magnetic direction of the bar-shaped magnet (2-2) is rotated 90 degrees and is parallel to the tangent plane of the magnetic separation roller (5) to lose magnetism; the power input shaft (4) is connected with the support (1) through two self-lubricating bearings (2-4), and the support (1) can be fixed on the garbage sorting platform through the support mounting hole (1-1).

Preferably, 4 uniformly distributed positioning holes (2-4-1) are arranged on the self-lubricating bearing (2-4) containing the positioning holes and are used for matching with the positioning steel balls (2-7) to complete the positioning of the magnetic force direction of the magnetic separation assembly (2) and ensure that the magnetic force direction rotates by 90 degrees when the magnetic reversing rudder (2-3) rotates once.

Preferably, one end of the connecting shaft (2-1) is provided with a mounting hole (2-8), a return spring (2-6) and a positioning steel ball (2-7), the bottom end of the return spring (2-6) is fixed in the mounting hole (2-8), and the upper end of the return spring is fixed with the positioning steel ball (2-7); when the magnetic separation component (2) rotates, under the combined cooperation action of the reset spring (2-6), the positioning steel ball (2-7) and the positioning hole (2-4-1), the magnetic separation component (2) rotates by an angle of 90 degrees just, so that the magnetic field force of the bar magnet (2-2) acting on the magnetic garbage on the surface of the magnetic separation roller (5) is changed between existence and nonexistence, and the screening and separation operation of the ferromagnetic garbage materials in the household garbage is facilitated.

Preferably, the magnetic reversing rods (6) are used in pairs, and in the process that the magnetic separation roller (5) rotates for one circle, the magnetic reversing rods (6) can enable the bar magnet (2-2) to rotate twice, namely rotate for two 90 degrees.

Preferably, the utility model discloses the dotted line in fig. 2 is regional for the mounted position scope of magnetic force reversing bar (6), and two magnetic force reversing bar (6) are installed in the regional both ends of the mounted position that fig. 2 shows best to realize the best effect of magnetic material magnetic separation in the domestic waste.

Preferably, the diameter of the positioning hole (2-4-1) is slightly smaller than that of the positioning steel ball (2-7) so as to facilitate the rotation and positioning of the magnetic separation assembly (2).

Preferably, the utility model discloses the variable magnetism magnetic separation device of solid ferromagnetism domestic waste material chooses for use self-lubricating bearing to have multiple model, equidimension, install in different positions, because of its during operation need not lubricated, the clearance is littleer, the entering of reducible rubbish dust damages the bearing, and then improves domestic waste magnetism material magnetic separation device's life and operational reliability.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the variable magnetic separation device for solid ferromagnetic household garbage materials.

Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the sorting operation flow of the solid ferromagnetic household garbage material of the utility model.

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the main components of the magnetic separation apparatus of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is the schematic structural diagram of the magnetic separation assembly of the magnetic separation apparatus of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of a mounting flange of the magnetic separation device of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the magnetic reversing bar of the magnetic separation device of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the self-lubricating bearing of the magnetic separation device of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is the schematic view of the self-lubricating bearing structure containing the positioning holes of the magnetic separation device of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a schematic view showing the magnetic force direction change of the bar magnet of the magnetic separation apparatus of the present invention.

The reference numerals are explained below:

1. a support; 1-1, mounting holes of a support; 2. a magnetic separation assembly; 2-1, connecting the shaft; 2-2. a bar magnet; 2-3, a magnetic reversing rudder; 2-3-1. a tiller; 2-4, self-lubricating bearings; 2-4-1, positioning a hole; 2-5. a bond; 2-6, a return spring; 2-7, positioning the steel ball; 2-8, mounting holes; 3. installing a flange; 3-1, a through hole I; 3-2, through hole II; 4. a power input shaft; 5. a magnetic separation roller; 6. a magnetic reversing lever; 7. a garbage feeding hopper; 8. domestic garbage; 9. a partition plate; 10. non-ferromagnetic refuse material; 11. a non-ferromagnetic waste material conveyor belt; 12. a ferromagnetic garbage material conveyer belt; 13. ferromagnetic refuse material.

Detailed Description

The structure, principle and operation of the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The utility model provides a variable magnetic separation device for solid ferromagnetic household garbage materials, which is shown in figure 1, figure 3, figure 4, figure 5, figure 6, figure 7 and figure 8, and comprises a support (1), a magnetic separation component (2), a mounting flange (3), a power input shaft (4), a magnetic separation roller (5) and a magnetic reversing rod (6); the magnetic separation component (2) mainly comprises a connecting shaft (2-1), a bar magnet (2-2), a magnetic reversing rudder (2-3), a self-lubricating bearing (2-4), a key (2-5), a return spring (2-6) and a positioning steel ball (2-7); one end of the connecting shaft (2-1) is fixedly connected with the magnetic reversing rudder (2-3) through a key (2-5), and the connecting shaft (2-1) is concentric with the reversing rudder (2-3); the bar magnet (2-2) is fixedly connected to the connecting shaft (2-1); the bottom end of the reset spring (2-6) is arranged in the mounting hole (2-8), and the upper end of the reset spring is fixed with a positioning steel ball (2-7) for rotating and positioning the magnetic separation component (2); the mounting flange (3), the through hole II (3-2) and the magnetic separation roller (5) are concentric with the power input shaft (4), the mounting flange (3) is fixedly connected to two ends of the magnetic separation roller (5) and is fixedly connected with the power input shaft (4) through the through hole II (3-2); the power input shaft (4) is connected with the support (1) through two self-lubricating bearings (2-4), and the support (1) can be fixed on the garbage sorting platform through bolt holes.

As shown in fig. 1, 4, 5 and 8, one end of a connecting shaft (2-1) of the magnetic separation assembly (2) is mounted on a through hole I (3-1) of the mounting flange (3) through a self-lubricating bearing (2-4), and the other end of the connecting shaft is mounted on the through hole I (3-1) of the mounting flange (3) through the self-lubricating bearing (2-4) with a positioning hole; the self-lubricating bearing (2-4) containing the positioning holes is provided with 4 uniformly distributed positioning holes (2-4-1) which are used for matching with the positioning steel balls (2-7) to complete the positioning of the magnetic force direction of the magnetic separation component (2) and ensure that the magnetic force direction rotates by 90 degrees when the magnetic reversing rudder (2-3) rotates once.

As shown in fig. 2 and fig. 6, one end of the magnetic reversing bar (6) is fixed on the support (1), during the operation, the magnetic separation drum (5) and the components thereof are driven by the power input shaft (4) to rotate, so that the tiller (2-3-1) of each magnetic reversing rudder (2-3) is touched when passing through the position of the magnetic reversing bar (6), and the magnetic separation component (2) is driven to rotate 90 degrees, even if the magnetic direction of the bar magnet (2-2) rotates 90 degrees and is parallel to the tangent plane of the magnetic separation drum (5) to lose magnetism, or the magnetic direction is perpendicular to the tangent plane of the magnetic separation drum (5) to be maximum. The magnetic reversing rods (6) are used in pairs, and the dotted line position in the attached drawing is the proper installation range of the magnetic reversing rods (6) so as to facilitate the magnetic separation and classification of the household garbage.

As shown in fig. 9, fig. (a) is a schematic view of the magnetic direction of the bar magnet (2-2) when the ferromagnetic garbage materials are adsorbed on the surface of the magnetic separation drum (5) by the magnetic force of the magnetic separation component (2) during the operation; when the magnetic separation component (2) rotates along with the magnetic separation roller (5) and the tiller (2-3-1) of the magnetic reversing rudder (2-3) is touched by the magnetic reversing rod (6), the bar magnet (2-2) rotates 90 degrees, the magnetic force direction is as shown in a figure (b), the magnetic force for adsorbing ferromagnetic garbage materials is eliminated, and the ferromagnetic garbage materials are separated from the magnetic separation roller (5) under the action of the gravity force and separated; when the magnetic separation component (2) continues to rotate along with the magnetic separation roller (5) and the tiller (2-3-1) of the magnetic reversing rudder (2-3) is touched by the magnetic reversing rod (6) again, the bar magnet (2-2) rotates 90 degrees again, the magnetic direction is as shown in the figure (a), at the moment, the S pole faces and is close to the magnetic separation roller (5), and ferromagnetic materials in the garbage can be adsorbed again, so that the ferromagnetic materials in the solid household garbage can be screened and separated.

The utility model discloses a process that is used for variable magnetism magnetic separation of solid ferromagnetism domestic waste material as follows:

a) and after the machine is started, the power input shaft (4) drives the mounting flange (3) and the magnetic separation roller (5) to rotate.

b) The solid household garbage (8) passes through the surface of the magnetic separation roller (5) through the garbage feeding hopper (7), the magnetic field direction of the bar magnet (2-2) is vertical to the tangential plane of the magnetic separation roller (5) and the magnetic force is maximum, ferromagnetic garbage materials (13) in the magnetic separation roller (5) can be adsorbed on the outer circle surface of the magnetic separation roller, and non-ferromagnetic garbage materials (10) fall into the non-ferromagnetic garbage material conveying belt (11) under the action of gravity.

c) The ferromagnetic garbage materials (13) are adsorbed on the outer circle surface of the magnetic separation roller (5) due to the magnetic force of the bar magnet (2-2) and continuously rotate, after passing through the partition plate (9), the tiller (2-3-1) of the magnetic reversing rudder (2-3) installed on the magnetic separation component (2) can touch the magnetic reversing rod (6), the magnetic separation component (2) rotates under the action of the magnetic reversing rod (6) and rotates 90 degrees under the coordination of the positioning steel ball, the magnetic field direction of the bar magnet (2-2) is parallel to the tangent plane of the magnetic separation roller (5) after rotating 90 degrees, at the moment, the ferromagnetic garbage materials (13) fall onto the ferromagnetic garbage conveying belt (12) under the action of gravity due to disappearance of the magnetic force, and sorting treatment of the ferromagnetic materials in the solid household garbage (8) is achieved.

d) When the magnetic separation component (2) continues to rotate along with the magnetic separation roller (5), the tiller (2-3-1) touches another magnetic reversing rod (6), the bar-shaped magnet (2-2) is driven to rotate 90 degrees through the magnetic reversing rudder (2-3), the key (2-5) and the connecting shaft (2-1), the direction of the magnetic field is changed into a tangent plane perpendicular to the magnetic separation roller (5), and when the solid household garbage (8) passes through the surface of the magnetic separation roller (5), ferromagnetic garbage materials (13) in the magnetic separation component can be adsorbed on the outer circle surface of the magnetic separation roller (5); therefore, the magnetic separation of the ferromagnetic garbage materials in the solid household garbage can be completed through repeated continuous circulation.

The embodiment is a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and any obvious improvement, replacement or modification which can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the essence of the present invention belongs to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. A variable magnetic separation device for solid ferromagnetic household garbage materials comprises a support (1), a magnetic separation component (2), a mounting flange (3), a power input shaft (4), a magnetic separation roller (5) and a magnetic reversing rod (6); the method is characterized in that: the magnetic separation assembly (2) mainly comprises a connecting shaft (2-1), a bar magnet (2-2), a magnetic reversing rudder (2-3), a self-lubricating bearing (2-4), a key (2-5), a return spring (2-6) and a positioning steel ball (2-7), one end of the connecting shaft (2-1) of the magnetic separation assembly (2) is installed on a through hole I (3-1) of the mounting flange (3) through the self-lubricating bearing (2-4), and the other end of the connecting shaft is installed on the through hole I (3-1) of the mounting flange (3) at the other end through the self-lubricating bearing (2-4) with a positioning hole; the connecting shaft (2-1) penetrates through the bar magnet (2-2) and is fixedly connected with the bar magnet (2-2), one end of the connecting shaft (2-1) is fixedly connected with the magnetic reversing rudder (2-3) through a key (2-5) and is concentric with the magnetic reversing rudder (2-3), a mounting hole (2-8), a reset spring (2-6) and a positioning steel ball (2-7) are formed in the connecting shaft (2-1) at the other end, the bottom end of the reset spring (2-6) is mounted in the mounting hole (2-8), and the positioning steel ball (2-7) is fixed to the upper end of the reset spring.

2. The variable magnetic separation device for solid ferromagnetic household garbage materials, according to claim 1, is characterized in that the mounting flange (3), the through hole II (3-2) and the magnetic separation roller (5) are concentric with the power input shaft (4), the mounting flange (3) is fixedly connected to two ends of the magnetic separation roller (5) and is fixedly connected with the power input shaft (4) through the through hole II (3-2); the self-lubricating bearing (2-4) containing the positioning holes is provided with 4 uniformly distributed positioning holes (2-4-1) which are used for completing the rotation and positioning of the magnetic force direction of the magnetic separation component (2) by matching with the positioning steel balls (2-7) and ensuring that the magnetic force direction rotates by 90 degrees when the magnetic reversing rudder (2-3) rotates once.

3. The variable magnetic separation device for solid ferromagnetic household garbage materials according to claim 1, wherein one end of the magnetic reversing bar (6) is fixed on the support (1).

4. The variable magnetic separation device for solid ferromagnetic household garbage materials according to claim 1, characterized in that the power input shaft (4) is connected with the support (1) through two self-lubricating bearings (2-4), and the support (1) can be fixed on the solid household garbage sorting platform through the support mounting holes (1-1).

5. The variable magnetic separation device for solid ferromagnetic household garbage materials according to claim 1, wherein the self-lubricating bearing (2-4) is installed by matching a connecting shaft (2-1) at one end of the installation hole (2-8) with the through hole I (3-1) through a self-lubricating bearing (2-4) with a positioning hole, four positioning holes (2-4-1) are formed in the self-lubricating bearing (2-4), and the diameter of each positioning hole (2-4-1) is smaller than that of a positioning steel ball (2-7), so that the magnetic separation assembly (2) can rotate accurately and the magnetic field direction of the bar magnet (2-2) can be positioned conveniently.

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