CN110496674B - A system for automatic classification and treatment of construction waste - Google Patents
A system for automatic classification and treatment of construction waste Download PDFInfo
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- CN110496674B CN110496674B CN201910917569.7A CN201910917569A CN110496674B CN 110496674 B CN110496674 B CN 110496674B CN 201910917569 A CN201910917569 A CN 201910917569A CN 110496674 B CN110496674 B CN 110496674B
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Images
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C13/00—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills
- B02C13/13—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills with horizontal rotor shaft and combined with sifting devices, e.g. for making powdered fuel
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C13/00—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills
- B02C13/26—Details
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C13/00—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills
- B02C13/26—Details
- B02C13/28—Shape or construction of beater elements
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C13/00—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills
- B02C13/26—Details
- B02C13/286—Feeding or discharge
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C13/00—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills
- B02C13/26—Details
- B02C13/28—Shape or construction of beater elements
- B02C2013/2812—Shape or construction of beater elements the beater elements are attached to a hollow cylindrical rotor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C13/00—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills
- B02C13/26—Details
- B02C13/286—Feeding or discharge
- B02C2013/28609—Discharge means
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Crushing And Pulverization Processes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to an automatic classification treatment system for construction waste, which comprises a rack, a crushing box fixedly arranged on the rack, a crushing frame assembly, a crushing mechanism and a metal cleaning mechanism, wherein the crushing frame assembly, the crushing mechanism and the metal cleaning mechanism are arranged in the crushing box.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of construction waste treatment equipment, and particularly provides an automatic classification treatment system for construction waste.
Background
The construction waste refers to the general name of dregs, waste concrete, waste bricks and stones and other wastes produced by people in the production activities of the construction industry such as demolition, construction, decoration and repair. The construction waste can be classified into engineering residue soil, decoration waste, demolition waste, engineering slurry and the like according to the production source; the construction waste can be classified into slag, concrete blocks, broken stone blocks, broken bricks and tiles, waste mortar, slurry, asphalt blocks, waste plastics, waste metals, waste bamboo and wood and the like according to the composition.
Along with the acceleration of the industrialization and urbanization processes, the construction industry is rapidly developed at the same time, the quantity of the generated construction waste is increased day by day, the quantity of the construction waste in China accounts for 30% -40% of the total quantity of the urban waste, the construction waste is calculated according to the standard of 500 plus one ton per ten thousand square meters, and the newly generated construction waste is about 300 hundred million square meters in China and is a shocking number in 2020. However, most of the construction wastes are not treated at all, and are transported to suburbs or villages by construction units, and are piled or buried in the open air, so that a large amount of construction expenses such as land acquisition expenses and garbage clearing and transporting expenses are consumed, the construction wastes are not treated reasonably and effectively, and the following hazards exist: 1) the construction waste is randomly stacked, so that potential safety hazards are easy to generate; 2) the construction waste seriously pollutes water resources; 3) construction waste affects air quality; 4) the construction waste occupies the land and reduces the soil quality.
The invention provides an automatic classification treatment system for construction wastes, which mainly aims at the treatment of the construction wastes such as concrete blocks, and mainly comprises the steps of crushing the concrete blocks, separating waste metals (mainly referring to steel bars and steel wires) in the concrete blocks, processing the generated concrete scraps into recycled aggregate for preparing recycled concrete, directly recycling or returning the waste metals to a furnace for processing.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides an automatic classification system for construction waste, which can solve the problems in the background art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme to realize the purpose: an automatic building garbage classification system comprises a rack, a crushing box fixedly mounted on the rack, a crushing frame assembly mounted in the crushing box, a crushing mechanism and a metal cleaning mechanism, wherein the crushing box comprises a drum-shaped box shell horizontally and fixedly mounted on the rack and a feed hopper fixedly mounted at the top end of the box shell;
the crushing mechanism comprises a speed reducing motor fixedly arranged on the frame, two discoid rotating supporting disks, a hollow roller rotatably arranged between the two rotating supporting disks and four hydraulic crushing hammers, the two rotating supporting disks are correspondingly and fixedly arranged at the inner side positions of the two side walls of the box shell, the center positions of the end surfaces at the two sides of the hollow roller are respectively provided with a hollow end shaft, the hollow end shafts are communicated with the inner cavity of the hollow roller, the two hollow end shafts are rotatably arranged on the two rotating support plates in a one-to-one correspondence manner, the output shaft of the speed reducing motor is fixedly connected with one hollow end shaft, the four hydraulic breaking hammers vertically penetrate through and are fixedly installed on the cylindrical surface of the hollow roller, the four hydraulic breaking hammers are spirally and uniformly distributed on the cylindrical surface of the hollow roller, and the hollow roller and the hydraulic breaking hammers are both positioned in the breaking frame assembly;
a cylindrical shell-shaped guide shield is arranged on the side end face, far away from the speed reduction motor, of the box shell, the central shaft of the guide shield is overlapped with the central shaft of the hollow roller, the guide shield is communicated with the side end face of the box shell, and a semicircular notch convenient for metal blanking is formed in the position right below the guide shield;
the metal cleaning mechanism comprises a double-rod hydraulic cylinder and a disc-shaped electromagnetic chuck, wherein the double-rod hydraulic cylinder and the disc-shaped electromagnetic chuck are fixedly mounted on the side wall of the rack, the disc-shaped electromagnetic chuck is arranged at the output end of the double-rod hydraulic cylinder, the central axis of the electromagnetic chuck coincides with the central axis of the guide shield, the electromagnetic chuck is in sliding connection with the guide shield, and the hollow end shaft close to the electromagnetic chuck can penetrate through the center of the electromagnetic chuck.
Preferably, the crushing frame assembly comprises a cylindrical shell-shaped crushing frame, an arc-shaped circular hole grid plate and a spring with one end fixedly connected to the cylindrical surface of the crushing frame, the crushing frame is positioned between the two rotating supporting disks, the upper end of the cylindrical surface of the crushing frame is provided with a feeding opening which is over against the feeding hopper, a grid plate mounting opening is arranged on the crushing frame and is positioned right below the feeding opening, the circular hole grid plate is fixedly mounted at the grid plate mounting opening, the curvature of the inner arc surface of the circular hole grid plate is the same as that of the inner arc surface of the crushing frame, three rows of springs are uniformly distributed on the cylindrical surfaces of the two sides of the crushing frame on the vertical central plane, the other end of the spring is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the box shell, and the hollow roller and the hydraulic breaking hammer are located in the breaking frame.
Preferably, the center of the inner top end surface of the guide shield is provided with a guide chute along the axial direction, and the arc side wall of the electromagnetic chuck is provided with a sliding block in sliding fit with the guide chute.
Preferably, a bearing is arranged at the center of the rotating support plate, the hollow end shaft is rotatably installed on the bearing, and sector holes distributed in a circular array relative to the central shaft are formed in the rotating support plate.
Preferably, the bottom of the box shell is provided with a blanking port opposite to the feed hopper.
Preferably, the rack is provided with a mounting table and a side vertical plate, the speed reduction motor is fixedly mounted on the horizontal end face of the mounting table, and the double-rod hydraulic cylinder is fixedly mounted on the outer side wall of the side vertical plate.
The technical scheme has the following advantages or beneficial effects:
1. the invention provides an automatic classification treatment system for construction waste, in the system, hydraulic breaking hammers spirally distributed on a hollow roller are adopted to break concrete blocks, the hydraulic breaking hammers are driven by a speed reduction motor to rotate at a constant speed, so that breaking points are uniformly distributed in the whole breaking area, the hydraulic breaking hammers can stir the thrown concrete blocks in the rotating process, on one hand, the concrete blocks are turned over to be broken uniformly, on the other hand, the broken concrete slag formed after breaking can be leaked and cleaned from a circular hole grate plate in time, in addition, a metal cleaning mechanism is also arranged in the system, reinforcing steel bars and steel wires which are crushed and mixed in the concrete blocks can be cleaned and taken out from a crushing frame in time through an electromagnetic suction cup, the construction waste such as the concrete blocks can be automatically crushed through the system, and the concrete slag can be separated from waste metals (mainly referring to the reinforcing steel bars and the steel wires) mixed in the concrete blocks The automatic sorting machine has the advantages of realizing sorting processing, high automation degree, high efficiency, convenience and labor saving.
2. The invention provides an automatic classification processing system for construction waste, wherein a crushing frame assembly of the system adopts a plurality of rows of springs to elastically isolate a crushing frame from a box shell, and in the process of continuously receiving crushing impact of a hydraulic crushing hammer, on one hand, buffering and vibration reduction can be realized, and on the other hand, noise reduction can be realized; the round hole grid plate plays a role of a separating screen, and in the process of crushing impact, the round hole grid plate can shake to a certain extent along with the crushing frame due to the action of the spring, so that the screening and separation of concrete crushed slag formed after crushing are promoted, and the round hole grid plate can timely discharge the concrete crushed slag.
Drawings
The invention and its features, aspects and advantages will become more apparent from reading the following detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings. The drawings, in which like numerals refer to like parts throughout the several views and which are not necessarily drawn to scale, emphasis instead being placed upon illustrating the principles of the invention.
FIG. 1 is a top view of the overall structure of an automatic classification and treatment system for construction waste provided by the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the assembly relationship of the crushing frame assembly, the rotation support plate, the hollow roller and the hydraulic crushing hammer in the crushing box according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of an assembly structure of the electromagnetic chuck and the crushing box in the present invention;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged, fragmentary, schematic view at A of FIG. 3 of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a plan view of an assembly structure of the crushing frame and the circular perforated plate in the present invention;
fig. 6 is a front view of the rotation support disk of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a frame; 11. an installation table; 12. a side vertical plate; 2. a crushing box; 21. a cabinet housing; 211. a guide shield; 2111. a guide chute; 212. a blanking port; 22. a feed hopper; 3. a crushing frame assembly; 31. a crushing frame; 311. a feed opening; 312. the grate plate is provided with an opening; 32. a circular hole grid plate; 33. a spring; 4. a crushing mechanism; 41. a reduction motor; 42. rotating the support disc; 421. a bearing; 422. a sector hole; 43. a hollow roll; 431. a hollow end shaft; 44. a hydraulic breaking hammer; 5. a metal cleaning mechanism; 51. a double-rod hydraulic cylinder; 52. an electromagnetic chuck; 521. a slide block.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention will be given with reference to the accompanying drawings for the purpose of providing those skilled in the art with a more complete, accurate and thorough understanding of the concept and technical solution of the present invention, and to facilitate the implementation thereof, but not to limit the present invention.
Referring to the attached drawings 1-6, an automatic classification treatment system for construction waste comprises a frame 1, a crushing box 2 fixedly mounted on the frame 1, a crushing frame assembly 3 mounted in the crushing box 2, a crushing mechanism 4 and a metal cleaning mechanism 5, wherein the crushing box 2 comprises a drum-shaped box shell 21 horizontally and fixedly mounted on the frame 1 through bolts and a feed hopper 22 fixedly mounted at the top end of the box shell 21 through bolts, and the crushing frame assembly 3 is mounted in the box shell 21;
the crushing mechanism 4 comprises a speed reducing motor 41 fixedly arranged on the frame 1, two discoid rotating supporting plates 42, a hollow roller 43 rotatably arranged between the two rotating supporting plates 42 and four hydraulic crushing hammers 44, the two rotating supporting plates 42 are correspondingly and fixedly arranged at the inner side positions of the two side walls of the box shell 21 through bolts, hollow end shafts 431 are respectively arranged at the center positions of the end surfaces of the two sides of the hollow roller 43, the hollow end shafts 431 are communicated with the inner cavity of the hollow roller 43, the two hollow end shafts 431 are correspondingly and rotatably arranged on the two rotating supporting plates 42 one by one, the output shaft of the speed reducing motor 41 is fixedly connected with one of the hollow end shafts 431, the four hydraulic crushing hammers 44 are vertically and fixedly arranged on the cylindrical surface of the hollow roller 43 in, the four hydraulic breaking hammers 44 are spirally and uniformly distributed on the cylindrical surface of the hollow roller 43, and the hollow roller 43 and the hydraulic breaking hammers 44 are both positioned in the breaking frame assembly 3; hydraulic pressure quartering hammer 44 is present device for breakage, can design and the corresponding hydraulic pressure quartering hammer 44 of apolegamy according to the structure size of reality in this system, hydraulic pressure quartering hammer 44's hydraulic pressure pipeline is located the cavity of hollow roller 43 and from being close to the hollow end axle 431 of electromagnet 52 one side and concentrating and stretching out and connect on external hydraulic oil way, four hydraulic pressure quartering hammers 44 are spiral evenly distributed's benefit on hollow roller 43 and lie in can realizing the regional cover of whole broken frame 31 at axial direction evenly distributed, can form the separation to the concrete piece that drops into at circumferencial direction evenly dispersed simultaneously, thereby make broken application of force point evenly distributed in space.
A cylindrical shell-shaped guide shield 211 is arranged on the side end face, far away from the speed reduction motor 41, of the box shell 21, the guide shield 211 is directly welded on the side wall of the box shell 21, the central shaft of the guide shield 211 is overlapped with the central shaft of the hollow roller 43, the guide shield 211 is communicated with the side end face of the box shell 21, and a semicircular notch convenient for metal blanking is formed in the position right below the guide shield 211; when concrete is crushed, the electromagnetic suction cups 52 are blocked in the guide shield 211 to seal the side wall of the box shell 21, and when the metal cleaning mechanism 5 separates metal (the metal mainly refers to steel bars and steel wires in the concrete), the guide shield 211 can play a role in guiding and supporting the electromagnetic suction cups 52.
The metal cleaning mechanism 5 comprises a double-rod hydraulic cylinder 51 horizontally and fixedly mounted on the side wall of the rack 1 and a disc-shaped electromagnetic chuck 52 fixedly mounted at the output end of the double-rod hydraulic cylinder 51 through a bolt, the central shaft of the electromagnetic chuck 52 coincides with the central shaft of the guide shield 211, the electromagnetic chuck 52 is in sliding connection with the guide shield 211, and a hollow end shaft 431 close to the electromagnetic chuck 52 can penetrate through the center of the electromagnetic chuck 52 (namely, a through hole which can be penetrated by the hollow end shaft 431 is reserved at the center of the electromagnetic chuck 52 and plays a role in avoiding the position, so that a hydraulic oil pipe can be led out conveniently).
Furthermore, the crushing frame assembly 3 comprises a cylindrical shell-shaped crushing frame 31, an arc-shaped circular hole grid plate 32 and a spring 33 with one end fixedly connected with the cylindrical surface of the crushing frame 31, the crushing frame 31 is positioned between two rotating support plates 42, the upper end of the cylindrical surface of the crushing frame 31 is provided with a feeding opening 311 facing the feeding hopper 22, a grate plate mounting opening 312 is arranged on the crushing frame 31 at the position right below the feeding opening 311, the circular hole grate plate 32 is tightly mounted at the grate plate mounting opening 312 through bolts, the curvature of the inner cambered surface of the circular hole grate plate 32 is the same as that of the crushing frame 31, three rows of springs 33 are uniformly distributed on the cylindrical surfaces of the two sides of the crushing frame 31 on the vertical central plane, and the springs 33 on both sides of the vertical central plane are symmetrically distributed, nine springs 33 are arranged in each row, the other ends of the springs 33 are fixedly connected on the inner wall of the box shell 21, and the hollow roller 43 and the hydraulic breaking hammer 44 are positioned in the breaking frame 31. Concrete is fed from the feed hopper 22 and falls into the crushing frame 31 from the feed opening 311, when the hydraulic crushing hammer 44 crushes the concrete, the crushing frame 31 receives impact from the hydraulic crushing hammer 44, and the crushing frame 31 and the box shell 21 are elastically isolated by the multiple rows of springs 33, so that buffer vibration reduction and noise reduction can be realized; the round hole grid plate 32 plays a role of a separating screen, in the process of crushing impact, the round hole grid plate 32 can generate shaking to a certain extent along with the crushing frame 31, concrete crushed slag which is crushed and meets the requirements of crushing size can be continuously separated from the round hole on the round hole grid plate 32 to be leaked, and metal can be retained in the crushing frame 31.
Furthermore, a guide sliding groove 2111 along the axial direction is arranged at the central position of the inner top end surface of the guide shield 211, and a sliding block 521 in sliding fit with the guide sliding groove 2111 is arranged on the arc-shaped side wall of the electromagnetic suction cup 52. The sliding engagement between the slider 521 and the guide runner 2111 serves to guide the electromagnetic chuck 52 and support the electromagnetic chuck 52.
Further, a bearing 421 is arranged at the center of the rotation support plate 42, the hollow end shaft 431 is rotatably mounted on the bearing 421, and three fan-shaped holes 422 distributed in a circular array relative to the central axis are arranged on the rotation support plate 42. The scallops 422 act as channels to facilitate the suction of metal from the crushing frame 31 by the electromagnetic suction cups 52.
Further, the bottom of the box shell 21 is provided with a blanking port 212 opposite to the feed hopper 22. The concrete is broken and leaked from the circular hole grid plate 32, and then falls from the blanking port 212.
Further, the frame 1 is provided with a mounting table 11 and a side vertical plate 12, the speed reduction motor 41 is fixedly mounted on the horizontal end surface of the mounting table 11 through bolts, and the double-rod hydraulic cylinder 51 is fixedly mounted on the outer side wall of the side vertical plate 12 through bolts.
As shown in fig. 2, the two circular end surfaces of the crushing frame 31 are provided with circular holes, that is, the two end surfaces are open, and the electromagnetic suction cup 52 can suck metal from the crushing frame 31 from the open circular holes.
The working principle and the working process of the automatic building garbage classification system provided by the invention are as follows:
starting the speed reducing motor 41 and the hydraulic breaking hammer 44, wherein the speed reducing motor 41 drives the hollow roller 43 to rotate at a constant speed, and the hydraulic breaking hammer 44 rotates along with the hollow roller 43;
a proper amount of concrete blocks are put into the feed hopper 22, the put concrete blocks fall into the crushing frame 31 from the feed opening 311, the hydraulic crushing hammer 44 crushes the put concrete blocks in the rotating process of the hollow roller 43, concrete slag generated after crushing leaks out of the circular hole grate plate 32 and then falls down from the blanking port 212, the put concrete blocks basically complete crushing along with the crushing, at the moment, the concrete blocks can be continuously put into the feed hopper 22, and reinforcing steel bars and steel wires which are mixed and clamped in the concrete blocks are stripped and retained in the crushing frame 31;
along with the fact that a large number of concrete blocks are thrown into the crushing frame, steel bars and steel wires are accumulated in the crushing frame 31 and need to be cleaned in time, the speed reducing motor 41 and the hydraulic crushing hammer 44 can be paused at the moment, the electromagnetic suction cups 52 are powered on, the steel bars and the steel wires are adsorbed on the magnetic suction faces of the electromagnetic suction cups 52, then the double-rod hydraulic cylinders 51 are started to drive the electromagnetic suction cups 52 to slide outwards to the outermost side along the guide protective covers 211, the steel bars and the steel wires are taken out along with the electromagnetic suction cups 52, then the electromagnetic suction cups 52 are powered off, the steel bars and the steel wires fall off, and repeated operation can be conducted to basically clean the steel bars and the steel wires out of the crushing frame;
after the metal is cleaned, the concrete block can be crushed again.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that variations may be implemented by those skilled in the art in combination with the prior art and the above-described embodiments, and will not be described in detail herein. Such variations do not affect the essence of the present invention and are not described herein.
The above description is of the preferred embodiment of the invention. It is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the particular embodiments described above, in that devices and structures not described in detail are understood to be implemented in a manner common in the art; it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made, or equivalents may be modified, without departing from the spirit of the invention. Therefore, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present invention are still within the scope of the protection of the technical solution of the present invention, unless the contents of the technical solution of the present invention are departed.
Claims (5)
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| CN201910917569.7A CN110496674B (en) | 2019-09-26 | 2019-09-26 | A system for automatic classification and treatment of construction waste |
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| CN201910917569.7A CN110496674B (en) | 2019-09-26 | 2019-09-26 | A system for automatic classification and treatment of construction waste |
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| CN110496674B true CN110496674B (en) | 2021-04-30 |
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| PL407189A1 (en) * | 2014-02-14 | 2015-08-17 | Chabinowski Romulad P.H.U. | Method and the device for producing nail scrap used preferably in foundry industry |
| CN207576530U (en) * | 2017-11-10 | 2018-07-06 | 无锡宇能选煤机械厂 | Magnetic hammer coal separation pulverizer |
| CN109022088A (en) * | 2018-08-13 | 2018-12-18 | 合肥米弘智能科技有限公司 | A kind of biomass fuel raw material machining production line and biomass fuel production method |
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| CN110496674A (en) | 2019-11-26 |
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