CN110857315A - 一种治疗肿瘤的多肽药物、衍生物及其使用方法 - Google Patents
一种治疗肿瘤的多肽药物、衍生物及其使用方法 Download PDFInfo
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- C07K7/06—Linear peptides containing only normal peptide links having 5 to 11 amino acids
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- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K38/00—Medicinal preparations containing peptides
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种治疗肿瘤的多肽药物与衍生物,它们用来治疗表达活性多肽的肿瘤、降低表达活性多肽的肿瘤的复发、转移和诱导针对表达活性多肽的肿瘤的免疫应答的方法。
Description
技术领域
本发明提供了一种治疗肿瘤的多肽药物、衍生物及其使用方法,它们用来治疗表达活性多肽的肿瘤、降低表达活性多肽的肿瘤的复发、转移和诱导针对表达活性多肽的肿瘤的免疫应答的方法。
背景技术
肿瘤基因是一种有可能导致肿瘤的基因。在肿瘤细胞中,它们经常以高水平突变和/或表达。当细胞的关键功能发生改变并发生故障时,大多数正常细胞将经历程序化形式的快速细胞死亡(细胞凋亡)。活化的肿瘤基因可以使那些被指定用于凋亡的细胞存活并增殖。大多数肿瘤基因起始于原癌基因,正常基因参与细胞生长和增殖或抑制细胞凋亡。如果通过突变促进细胞生长的正常基因被上调(功能突变的获得),它们将使细胞易患肿瘤,因此被称为肿瘤基因。通常,多种肿瘤基因以及突变的凋亡和/或肿瘤抑制基因都将协同作用以引起肿瘤。自20世纪70年代以来,已经在人类肿瘤中发现了数十种肿瘤基因。许多肿瘤靶向药物的靶点是针对肿瘤基因编码的蛋白质。如果肿瘤基因突变,其编码的蛋白质的序列将会改变。
1976年,加利福尼亚大学旧金山分校的Michael Bishop和Harold E.Varmus证明,肿瘤基因是在包括人类在内的许多生物体中发现的原癌基因。Bishop和Varmus因其发现逆转录病毒肿瘤基因的细胞来源而于1989年获得诺贝尔生理学或医学奖(Nobel Prize inPhysiology or Medicine for 1989 jointly to J.Michael Bishop and HaroldE.Varmus for their discovery of the cellular origin of retroviral oncogenes)。由肿瘤基因编码的所得蛋白质被称为肿瘤蛋白。肿瘤基因在与致瘤细胞生长相关的蛋白质的调节或合成中起重要作用。一些肿瘤蛋白被接受并用作肿瘤标志物。西班牙生物化学家Mariano Barbacid分离出第一个肿瘤基因。他的发现于1982年在著名的“自然”杂志上发表,题为“点突变负责通过T24人膀胱癌癌基因获得转化特性”,发现这种肿瘤基因是Ras亚家族等位基因的突变,以及它的激活机制。
人类白细胞抗原(human leukocyte antigen,HLA)是由HLA基因复合体所编码的产物,定位于第6染色体短臂上,HLA系人类组织相容性复合体(MHC)的表达产物,是构成移植排斥反应的重要抗原物质。HLA的研究是在器官移植研究推动下开展起来的,故此,HLA又称移植抗原。HLA按其分布和功能分为I类抗原、II类抗原和III类抗原。经典的HLA I类抗原包括HLA-A、HLA-B、HLA-C;HLA II类抗原包括HLA-DP、HLA-DQ、HLA-DR。非经典的HLA I、II类有HLA-F、E、H、X、DN、DO、DM等。补体等归属于III类抗原。HLA I类几乎分布于身体全部细胞表面,II类主要是定位于巨噬细胞和B淋巴细胞表面的糖蛋白。
多肽是α-氨基酸以肽键连接在一起而形成的化合物,它也是蛋白质水解的中间产物。由两个氨基酸分子脱水缩合而成的化合物叫做二肽,同理类推还有三肽、四肽、五肽等。通常由三个或三个以上氨基酸分子脱水缩合而成的化合物称为多肽。活性多肽(ActivePeptide)是一千多种肽的总称,如大豆肽,深海鱼皮肽,海参肽等是活性肽中的一种,在人体内起重要生理作用,发挥生理功能。具有活性的多肽称为活性多肽,又称生物活性肽或生物活性多肽。
由于肿瘤细胞内蛋白质分解是常规细胞过程的一部分,HLA的分子会将这些蛋白质的碎片(称作多肽)带到表面。在人体中,细胞内的肿瘤基因突变时常发生,因此,肿瘤基因表达的蛋白质或多肽也会导致其序列的变异。当T细胞认定某些多肽或蛋白质变异之时,T细胞就会攻击或杀死病变的肿瘤细胞。
由于人体内的细胞表面的、天然的多肽非常容易被酶类降解(Cryptic andregulatory epitopes in CD13/aminopeptidase N.Exp Hematol.25:521-529;1997);例如,多肽GLP-1的生物学半衰期仅仅3-5分钟,只有通过持续的灌输才能持续降低血中葡萄糖浓度,就像研究中所证明的那样,24小时的静脉内输注才能控制GLP-1的浓度(Glucagon-like peptide-1 infusion must be maintained for 24 h/day to obtain acceptableglycemia in type 2 diabetic patients who are poorly controlled onsulphonylurea treatment.Diabetes Care.24:1416-1421;2001)。DPP IV酶是一种在倒数第二个NH2-末端的脯氨酸(Xaa-Pro-)或丙胺酸(Xaa-Ala-)之后的位置优先水解多肽的丝氨酸蛋白酶,这种酶已经表现出能够在体外迅速使GLP-1产生代谢变化。故发明一种防止被酶类降解,但又能够被T细胞识别的活性多肽是非常有意义的(Substance P andbradykinin are natural inhibitors of CD13/aminopeptidase N.Biochem BiophysRes Commun.208:664-674;1995)。
发明内容
本发明提供了人工合成的一种治疗肿瘤的多肽药物、衍生物及其使用方法;与天然多肽相比,它能发挥更持久的作用,并且对酶的水解作用具有完全的抗性。该发明包括具有以下SEQ ID No.-105至108的化合物或其药学上可接受的盐:
其中,
SEQ ID No.-105是选自下组的肽部分或衍生物:
Cys-R1-Thr-Try-Asn-Gln-Met-Asn-Leu
R1选自:S-腺苷-L-甲硫氨酸、N-甲酰-L-甲硫氨酸、硒代-L-甲硫氨酸、N-乙酰-L-甲硫氨酸、D-甲硫氨酸、S-腺苷-D-甲硫氨酸、N-甲酰-D-甲硫氨酸、硒代-D-甲硫氨酸、N-乙酰-D-甲硫氨酸;
SEQ ID No.-106是选自下组的肽部分或衍生物:
Cys-Met-Thr-Try-Asn-Gln-Met-Asn-R2
R2选自:N-BOC-L-亮氨酸、L-异-异亮氨酸、L-叔亮氨酸、N-乙酰-L-亮氨酸、L-异亮氨酸、N-苄氧羰基-L-亮氨酸、D-亮氨酸、N-BOC-D-亮氨酸、D-异-异亮氨酸、D-叔亮氨酸、N-乙酰-D-亮氨酸、D-异亮氨酸、N-苄氧羰基-D-亮氨酸;
SEQ ID No.-107是选自下组的肽部分或衍生物:
Arg-Met-Phe-Pro-Asn-Ala-Pro-Tyr-R3
R3选自:N-BOC-L-亮氨酸、L-异-异亮氨酸、L-叔亮氨酸、N-乙酰-L-亮氨酸、L-异亮氨酸、N-苄氧羰基-L-亮氨酸、D-亮氨酸、N-BOC-D-亮氨酸、D-异-异亮氨酸、D-叔亮氨酸、N-乙酰-D-亮氨酸、D-异亮氨酸、N-苄氧羰基-D-亮氨酸;
SEQ ID No.-108是选自下组的肽部分或衍生物:
Arg-R4-Phe-Pro-Asn-Ala-Pro-Tyr-Leu
R4选自:S-腺苷-L-甲硫氨酸、N-甲酰-L-甲硫氨酸、硒代-L-甲硫氨酸、N-乙酰-L-甲硫氨酸、D-甲硫氨酸、S-腺苷-D-甲硫氨酸、N-甲酰-D-甲硫氨酸、硒代-D-甲硫氨酸、N-乙酰-D-甲硫氨酸
本发明还提供了上述化合物的化学反应性衍生化合物,所述的衍生化合物可与细胞载体上的可利用的官能团反应,形成共价键,其中所述的细胞载体包括可移动的血液蛋白质、多肽。
本发明还提供了一种治疗表达活性多肽的肿瘤、降低表达活性多肽的肿瘤的复发、转移和诱导针对表达活性多肽的肿瘤的免疫应答的方法,其特征在于,它包括给需要治疗的患者使用无毒的、治疗有效量的本发明所述的化合物。较佳地,一天一次、一天两次或一天三次,以口服、静脉注射、肌肉注射、皮下注射、皮内注射、透皮给药,粘膜给药、局部给药的形式给予所述化合物。
活性多肽、多肽衍生物及其组合物可以根据局部或系统治疗的需要和治疗部位,可以有许多给药方式。可以理解为多种给药途径可用于本发明的多肽或其衍生物。这些给药途径包括系统和局部给药,并且包括,且不限于静脉注射、腹腔注射、肌肉注射、皮下注射、透皮给药、经皮扩散或电泳、吸入给药、口服给药、局部注射、腔道给药、和缓释传输装置,包括局部植入缓释装置,如生物可降解或储蓄池式植入体。给药可以是局部的(包括眼部阴道、直肠、鼻内)、口服的,吸入式的、非肠道的,例如静脉点滴、皮下注射、腹腔注射或肌肉注射。
本发明还提供增强免疫功能的佐剂,并且包括,且不限于无机佐剂(如氢氧化铝,明矾等),有机佐剂(如咪喹莫特乳膏、唑来膦酸二钠新型二膦酸盐),生物及其产物(如分枝杆菌、短小杆菌、百日咳杆菌、内毒素、细菌提取物、血蓝蛋白等),合成佐剂(如人工合成的双链多聚核苷酸、左旋咪唑、异丙肌苷等),油剂(如花生油乳化,佐剂、矿物油、植物油、Montanide等),细胞因子佐剂(如粒细胞巨噬细胞集落刺激因子、白介素1、白介素2、干扰素和白介素12等),核酸佐剂(如CpG寡脱氧核苷酸),免疫刺激复合物佐剂,脂质体佐剂。
本发明还提供了一种药物组合物,它包括本发明的化合物和一种或多种药学上可接受的载体、稀释剂或赋形剂。
本发明还提供了所述化合物的用途,它被用于制备表达活性多肽的肿瘤、降低表达活性多肽的肿瘤的复发、转移和诱导针对表达活性多肽的肿瘤的免疫应答的方法。
本发明中的实验证明,经过修饰的本发明中SEQ ID No.-105、106、107、108多肽药物、衍生物可以更有效地治疗表达活性多肽的肿瘤。使用有效剂量的修饰的SEQ ID No.-105、106、107、108多肽药物、衍生物来治疗肿瘤比未经修饰的SEQ ID No.-105、106、107、108多肽药物、衍生物更有效。因为修饰的SEQ ID No.-105、106、107、108多肽药物、衍生物在体内更稳定,给予较小的剂量就可以达到有效的治疗效果。本发明尤其适合表达活性多肽的肿瘤患者的治疗,副作用的危险性也大大降低了。
对于本发明中的多肽序列上的R1、R2、R3或R4的其它修饰改造可采用非天然氨基酸对多肽中的天然氨基酸进行取代,非天然氨基酸R1、R2、R3或R4包含但不限于,2-氨基脂肪酸(Aad)、3-氨基脂肪酸(13Aad)、3-丙氨酸,0-氨基丙酸、2-氨基丁酸、4-氨基丁酸、哌啶羧酸、6-氨基己酸(Acp)、2-氨基庚酸(Ahe)、2-氨基异丁酸(Aib)、3-氨基异丁酸(i3Aib)、2-氨基庚二酸(Apm)、2,4-二氨基丁酸(Dbu)、锁链素(Des),2,2’-二氨基庚二酸(Dpm),2,3-二氨基丙酸(Dpr),N-乙基甘氨酸(EtGly)、N-乙基天冬酰胺(EtAsn),羟赖氨酸(Hyl)、异羟赖氨酸(aHyl)、3-羟脯氨酸(3Hyp)、4-羟基脯氨酸(4Hyp)、异锁链素(Ide)、异-异亮氨酸(aIle)、N-甲基甘氨酸(MeGly)、N-甲基异亮氨酸(Melle)、6-N-甲基赖氨酸(MeLys)、N-甲基缬氨酸(MeVal)、正缬氨酸(Nva)、正亮氨酸(Nle)和鸟氨酸(Orn)。当然,所有被修饰改造的α-氨基酸可以被相应的β-,Y-或ω-氨基羧酸所取代。
本发明也提供了在人体内治疗表达含SEQ ID No.-105、106、107、108多肽或片段的肿瘤的方法,其中该方法包括步骤:提供数量以治疗表达上述多肽或片段的肿瘤的、经修饰的SEQ ID No.-105、106、107、108多肽药物、衍生物;其中组合物含有修饰的SEQ ID No.-105、106、107、108多肽或多肽衍生物。
具体实施方式
多肽的固相合成原理在技术上是众所周知的,也可能在这一领域的通用著作中被找到(固相肽合成,Pierce,1984)。Fmoc固体合成是一种实用的方法。可以根据牛津大学出版社,2000,″synthesis IV of the fifth edition Jikken Kagaku Koza 16 Organiccompound″中描述的方法。使用自动固相合成仪,通过Fmoc方法合成受保护的肽树脂。在三氟乙酸(TFA)和清除剂(Chioanioru,乙二硫醇,苯酚,三异丙基硅烷,水等混合物)中加入所得的受保护的肽树脂,并从树脂上切下去保护,得到粗肽。使用反相HPLC柱(ODS)和用0.1%TFA-H2O/CH3CN系统的梯度洗脱纯化粗肽。并且获得含有所需化合物的冻干级分,获得目标肽。合成肽的氨基酸序列,氨基酸测序仪G1000A(Hewlett Packard),并使用PPSQ-23A(Shimadzu)或Procisc LC(ABI Co.)确认,所得肽的N-末端被乙酰化。用双偶联方案的连续BOC化学法可应用对-甲基二苯甲胺树脂,从而产生C末端的羧酰胺。为了制造C末端的酸,可以使用相应的PAM树脂。可使用预制的羟基苯并三唑酯使天冬氨酸、谷胺酰氨和精氨酸偶联。
多肽合成也可用众所周知的重组DNA技术。重组DNA技术是指将一种生物体(供体)的基因与载体在体外进行拼接重组,然后转入另一种生物体(受体)内,使之按照人们的意愿稳定遗传并表达出新产物或新性状的DNA体外操作程序,也称为分子克隆技术。本发明的多肽或其衍生物可以使用本领域技术人员所熟知的方法,包括众所周知的本文所述化学合成的方法。因此,当多肽或其衍生物包含一个或多个非标准氨基酸,他们极有可能是通过化学合成法制备而来。除了使用化学合成的方法制备多肽或其衍生物,还可以通过编码核酸表达来制备。这对于制备只含有天然氨基酸的多肽或其衍生物是特别有用的,在这种情况下可以使用众所周知的核酸编码多肽序列的制备方法(参见Sambrook et al.,MolecularCloning:A Laboratory Manual,Third Ed.,Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory,New York,2001);Ausubel et al.,Current Protocols in Molecular Biology,John Wiley andSons,Baltimore,MD,1999)。通常,这样的核酸是通过在合适的宿主生物体如细菌、酵母菌、哺乳动物或者昆虫细胞等进行重组表达的。对于本发明的多肽或其衍生物的大规模生产,通过细菌进行生产是特别有益的。肽可以在生物体中表达,并通过公知的纯化技术进行纯化。
氨基酸和其它试剂可购自Applied Biosystems公司和其他化学产品供应商。每个氨基酸(甘氨酸除外)可以以两种异构形式存在,因为可能在中心碳原子周围形成两种不同的对映体(立体异构体)。按照惯例,这些被称为L形和D形,是两种完全不同的物质,类似于左手和右手配置。只有L-氨基酸在人体细胞中产生并掺入蛋白质中。一些D-氨基酸存在于细菌的细胞壁中,但不存在于细菌蛋白质中。故,含D-氨基酸的多肽只能够在体外人工合成。
本发明还包括SEQ ID No.-105、106、107、108多肽药物、衍生物的类似物的盐形式。SEQ ID No.-105、106、107、108多肽药物、衍生物的类似物可以呈强酸性或强碱性,能和许多无机碱和无机酸发生反应生成盐。
用来合成酸加成盐的无机酸通常是盐酸、氢溴酸、氢碘酸、硫磺酸、磷酸等等,有机酸是对甲苯磺酸、甲基磺酸、草酸、对溴苯磺酸、碳酸、丁二酸、柠檬酸、安息香酸、乙酸等等。盐的例子包括:硫酸盐、硫酸化物、硫酸氢盐、亚硫酸盐、亚硫酸氢盐、磷酸盐、磷酸氢盐、磷酸二氢盐、偏磷酸盐、焦磷酸盐、氯化物、溴化物、碘化物、丙酸盐、癸酸盐、辛酸盐、丙烯酸盐、甲酸盐、异丁酸盐、庚酸盐、丙炔酸盐、草酸盐、丙二酸盐、丁二酸盐、辛二酸盐、癸二酸盐、延胡索酸盐、马来酸盐、丁炔-1,4-二酸盐、己炔-1,6-二甲基、苯甲酸盐、氯苯甲酸盐、苯甲酸盐、二硝基苯甲酸盐、羟基苯甲酸盐、羟基苯甲酸盐、邻苯二甲酸盐、磺酸盐、二甲苯磺酸盐、苯乙酸盐、苯丙酸盐、苯丁酸盐、柠檬酸盐、乳酸盐、3-羟基苯丁酸盐、羟乙酸盐、酒石酸盐、甲基磺酸盐、丙磺酸盐、1-磺酸萘盐、2-磺酸萘盐、扁桃酸盐等等。首选的酸加成盐是与无机酸形成的盐,例如盐酸、氢溴酸,尤其是盐酸。
碱加成盐可由无机碱生成,例如铵,碱金属或碱土金属的氢氧化物,碳酸盐,重碳酸盐等等。下述碱性物质常用来生成该产物的盐类形式,如氢氧化钠,氢氧化钾,氢氧化铵,碳酸钾等等。
SEQ ID No.-105、106、107、108多肽药物、衍生物的类似物的盐形式是特别优选的。当然,如果要将本发明化合物用于治疗,这些化合物也可以是盐类,但必须是药学上可接受的盐。
经过改良的本发明SEQ ID No.-105、106、107、108多肽药物、衍生物的类似物可有多种用途,它们可以用来治疗表达活性多肽的肿瘤、降低表达活性多肽的肿瘤的复发、转移和诱导针对表达活性多肽的肿瘤的免疫应答的方法。
在一个实施方案中,本发明提供一种治疗患有表达SEQ ID No.-105、106、107、108多肽药物、衍生物的类似物的肿瘤的对象的方法,所述方法包括给对象施用本发明的SEQID No.-105、106、107、108多肽药物、衍生物,从而治疗患有表达SEQ ID No.-105、106、107、108多肽药物、衍生物的多肽的肿瘤的对象。
在另一个实施方案中,本发明提供一种在对象中降低表达SEQ ID No.-105、106、107、108多肽药物、衍生物的多肽的肿瘤的复发、转移的方法,所述方法包括给对象施用本发明的SEQ ID No.-105、106、107、108多肽药物、衍生物,从而在对象中降低表达SEQ IDNo.-105、106、107、108多肽药物、衍生物的多肽的肿瘤的复发、转移。
在另一个实施方案中,本发明提供一种诱导SEQ ID No.-105、106、107、108多肽药物、衍生物的多肽特异性细胞毒性T淋巴细胞(Cyto-toxic Lymphocyte,CTL)的形成和增殖的方法。所述方法包括将淋巴细胞群与本发明的肽或组合物接触,从而诱导SEQ ID No.-105、106、107、108多肽药物、衍生物的多肽特异性CTL的形成和增殖。该方法可以在体外、离体或体内进行。当在体外或离体进行时,这些CTL继而可以被输注入患者以达到治疗效果。
本发明还提供了药物组合物,它含有本发明的SEQ ID No.-105、106、107、108多肽药物、衍生物以及药学上可接受的载体、稀释剂或赋形剂。药物组合物可采用传统制药工艺加工而成,可单独使用或与其他治疗药剂混合使用,尤其是通过经胃肠外途径给药。最适合的给药途径包括肌肉注射和皮下注射。
经胃肠外途径给药为一天一次,用量在1pg/kg到1000pg/kg之间,尽管用量可高于或低于此标准。具体用量取决于患者病情的严重程度以及患者的身高、体重、性别、年龄和病史。
在制造本发明的组合物时,包含至少一个多肽的活性成分通常需要与赋形剂混合或用赋形剂稀释。如果把赋形剂作为稀释剂使用,其形态可以是固态,半固态或液态,从而作为活性成分的载体或基质。
制备制剂时,如果活性多肽完全不可溶解,有必要先将活性混合物研磨至大小合适的颗粒以便和其他成分相结合。如果活性混合物可完全溶于水,颗粒常常要调整为大致均一的大小。
可用的赋形剂包括乳糖、葡萄糖、蔗糖、海藻糖、山梨糖醇、甘露醇、淀粉、阿拉伯树胶、硅酸钙、微晶纤维素、水、糖桨和甲基纤维素。制剂中还可添加润滑剂(如滑石粉、镁和矿物油)、湿润剂、乳化和悬浮剂、防腐剂(如甲基羟基苯甲酸盐和丙基羟基苯甲酸盐)、甜味剂或增香剂。
本发明的组合物可配制成使得活性成分能在本领域常规途径给药后迅速起效,也可配制成使其持续或缓释起效。
该组合物适宜制成单位剂量形式,每单位剂量通常包括大约10到50mg或是更常见的约0.1mg到1mg的活性成分。″单位剂量″是指适用于人体和其他哺乳动物的单一剂量单位,每单位包括预定数量的活性物质,混合以适量的可药用赋形剂,能产生所需的治疗效果。
为了能经肠胃外给药,本发明中包含多肽的成分最好与蒸馏水混合,并将pH调整至约6.0到9.0。
还可使用其他制药方法来控制反应持续时间。通过使用聚合体来复合或吸收本发明的组合物,可制得控释制剂。选择合适的高分子(例如聚酯、聚氨酸、聚乙烯吡咯垸酮、乙酸乙烯、甲基纤维素、羧甲基纤维素和鱼精蛋白)、其浓度、以及掺入方法来控制药物传输,同样可用于控制药物释放。
另外一种可行的控制持续作用时间的方法是将本发明多肽掺入聚合物颗粒(例如聚酯、聚胺酸、水凝胶、聚乙烯、或乙烯基乙腈共聚体)。
除了将化台物掺入聚合物颗粒之外,还可以利用凝聚技术或界面聚合技术将混合物包裹于微囊体中,例如羟甲基纤维素或凝胶微囊体,或者包裹于胶状药物传输系统,例如形成脂质体,清蛋白微球体,微乳颗粒,极微颗粒,极微胶粒,或者掺入宏观乳剂中。
同样,本发明提供了给需要治疗的哺乳动物(尤其是人类)肿瘤的方法,包括步骤将有效量的本发明中SEQ ID No.-105、106、107、108多肽药物、衍生物或组合物施用于该哺乳动物。
本发明将结合具体实施例作进一步说明,这些实例仅用于说明目的,而不用于限制本发明的范围。
实施例1 治疗表达活性多肽的肿瘤
选取肺癌10例、乳腺癌10例、结肠癌10例、食道癌10例、胃癌10例、肝癌10例、胰腺癌10例、鼻咽癌10例、宫颈癌10例、多发性骨髓瘤10例、白血病10例,首先检测上述肿瘤患者的肿瘤细胞是否表达SEQ ID No.-105、106、107、108多肽,选取表达70%以上的氨基酸序列与SEQ ID No.-105、106、107、108多肽药物、衍生物一致的肿瘤细胞。
将上述表达SEQ ID No.-105、106、107、108多肽的肿瘤患者的细胞注射入NOD/SCID小鼠之前,通过将不同剂量的T细胞与SKOV3-A2卵巢癌细胞预孵育,评估对不同SEQ IDNo.-105、106、107、108多肽特异的T细胞对上述肿瘤移植的抑制作用。
使用如上所述的方法制备对下列免疫优势表位特异的T细胞培养物。测试的T细胞与肿瘤细胞的比例是50∶1、10∶1、5∶1和对照(无T细胞)。在肿瘤注射后,通过生物发光成像检测肿瘤荷重。对于每种剂量的所有3种T细胞系,与对照相比都观察到随时间的肿瘤荷重的显著降低。
此外,通过将肿瘤细胞与SEQ ID No.-105、106、107、108多肽药物、衍生物特异性T细胞预孵育,小鼠存活时间被延长。在对照组中,所有小鼠都在肿瘤注射后60天死亡。观察到小鼠存活与激活的T细胞数量相关,对于50∶1的剂量所有T细胞系,以及10∶1的SEQ IDNo.-105、106、107、108多肽药物、衍生物特定T细胞系,在第90天仍有一些动物存活。
本实验中,经过修饰的本发明中SEQ ID No.-105、106、107、108多肽药物、衍生物可以更有效地治疗表达活性多肽的肿瘤。使用有效剂量的修饰的SEQ ID No.-105、106、107、108多肽药物、衍生物来治疗肿瘤比未经修饰的SEQ ID No.-105、106、107、108多肽药物、衍生物更有效。因为修饰的SEQ ID No.-105、106、107、108多肽药物、衍生物在体内更稳定,给予较小的剂量就可以达到有效的治疗效果。本发明尤其适合表达活性多肽的肿瘤患者的治疗,副作用的危险性也大大降低了。
本发明也提供了在人体内治疗表达活性多肽的肿瘤的方法,其中该方法包括步骤:提供数量以治疗表达活性多肽的、肿瘤的、经修饰的SEQ ID No.-105、106、107、108多肽药物、衍生物;其中组合物含有修饰的SEQ ID No.-105、106、107、108多肽药物、衍生物或类似物。
实施例2 降低表达活性多肽的肿瘤的复发、转移
选取肺癌10例、乳腺癌10例、结肠癌10例、食道癌10例、胃癌10例、肝癌10例、胰腺癌10例、鼻咽癌10例、宫颈癌10例、多发性骨髓瘤10例、白血病10例,首先检测上述肿瘤患者的肿瘤细胞是否表达SEQ ID No.-105、106、107、108多肽药物、衍生物,选取表达70%以上的氨基酸序列与SEQ ID No.-105、106、107、108多肽药物、衍生物一致的肿瘤细胞。
降低表达活性多肽的肿瘤的转移的实验:将上述表达SEQ ID No.-105、106、107、108多肽药物、衍生物的肿瘤患者的细胞注射入NOD/SCID小鼠皮下,约三周后,小鼠皮下形成8-10毫米直径的肿瘤。
皮下注射等量SEQ ID No.-105、106、107、108多肽药物、衍生物,每周1次,4周。注射前一天,给予免疫增强剂Montanide 10微升、GM-CSF 1微克。
治疗结束,6周后,用小动物PET-CT观察其他器官的转移情况(表一),在对照组中,所有小鼠均出现器官的转移(100%)。
表一 器官的转移情况
多肽序列 | 器官转移率 |
Cys-L-甲硫氨酸-Thr-Try-Asn-Gln-Met-Asn-Leu | 40% |
Cys-D-甲硫氨酸-Thr-Try-Asn-Gln-Met-Asn-Leu | 10% |
Cys-Met-Thr-Try-Asn-Gln-Met-Asn-L-亮氨酸 | 30% |
Cys-Met-Thr-Try-Asn-Gln-Met-Asn-D-亮氨酸 | 10% |
Arg-Met-Phe-Pro-Asn-Ala-Pro-Tyr-L-亮氨酸 | 50% |
Arg-Met-Phe-Pro-Asn-Ala-Pro-Tyr-D-亮氨酸 | 10% |
Arg-L-甲硫氨酸-Phe-Pro-Asn-Ala-Pro-Tyr-Leu | 60% |
Arg-D-甲硫氨酸-Phe-Pro-Asn-Ala-Pro-Tyr-Leu | 20% |
降低表达活性多肽的肿瘤的复发的实验:将上述表达SEQ ID No.-105、106、107、108多肽药物、衍生物的肿瘤患者的细胞注射入NOD/SCID小鼠皮下,约三周后,小鼠皮下形成8-10毫米直径的肿瘤。
用局部辐射治疗小鼠皮下的肿瘤,然后用小动物PET-CT观察至阴性。
皮下注射等量SEQ ID No.-105、106、107、108多肽药物、衍生物,每周1次,4周。注射前一天,给予免疫增强剂Montanide 10微升、GM-CSF 1微克。
治疗结束,6周后,用小动物PET-CT观察,对照组皮下的肿瘤复发率100%,治疗组皮下的肿瘤均为阴性。
实施例3 诱导针对表达活性多肽的肿瘤的免疫应答
选取肺癌10例、乳腺癌10例、结肠癌10例、食道癌10例、胃癌10例、肝癌10例、胰腺癌10例、鼻咽癌10例、宫颈癌10例、多发性骨髓瘤10例、白血病10例,首先检测上述肿瘤患者的肿瘤细胞是否表达SEQ ID No.-105、106、107、108多肽药物、衍生物,选取表达70%以上的氨基酸序列与SEQ ID No.-105、106、107、108多肽药物、衍生物一致的肿瘤细胞。
为了直接比较由HLA A2402、HLA A0201诱导表达的SEQ ID No.-105、106、107、108多肽,将按相等浓度混合的SEQ ID No.-105、106、107、108多肽药物、衍生物加载于HLAA2402、HLA A0201+人工抗原提呈细胞(AAPC),并用于致敏来自8个HLA A2402、HLA A0201正常供体的T细胞。
致敏35天后,然后洗涤T细胞,并用辐射过的自体外周血单个核细胞(PBMC)(加载各种单独肽)的等分试样二次刺激24小时。然后通过流式细胞仪(FACS)定量应答性IFNy+T细胞(表二)。表二的数据显示,多肽N端采用D-氨基酸的免疫应答强度高于多肽N端采用L-氨基酸,提示,多肽其N端采用D-氨基酸时,抗肿瘤活性较强。
表二 IFNy+T细胞免疫应答反应
多肽序列 | 免疫应答强度 |
Cys-L-甲硫氨酸-Thr-Try-Asn-Gln-Met-Asn-Leu | ++ |
Cys-D-甲硫氨酸-Thr-Try-Asn-Gln-Met-Asn-Leu | +++++ |
Cys-Met-Thr-Try-Asn-Gln-Met-Asn-L-亮氨酸 | ++ |
Cys-Met-Thr-Try-Asn-Gln-Met-Asn-D-亮氨酸 | ++++ |
Arg-Met-Phe-Pro-Asn-Ala-Pro-Tyr-L-亮氨酸 | ++ |
Arg-Met-Phe-Pro-Asn-Ala-Pro-Tyr-D-亮氨酸 | +++ |
Arg-L-甲硫氨酸-Phe-Pro-Asn-Ala-Pro-Tyr-Leu | ++ |
Arg-D-甲硫氨酸-Phe-Pro-Asn-Ala-Pro-Tyr-Leu | +++++ |
在阅读了本发明的上述内容之后,本领域技术人员可以对本发明作各种改动或修改,这些等价形式应当同样落于本申请所附权利要求书所限定的范围。
在本发明提及的所有文献都在本申请中引用参考,就如同每一篇文献被单独引用作为参考那样。此外应理解,在阅读了本发明的上述讲授内容之后,本领域技术人员可以对本发明作各种改动或修改,这些等价形式同样落于本申请所附权利要求书所限定的范围。
Claims (3)
1.一种化合物或其药学上可接受的盐:
其中,
SEQ ID No.-105是选自下组的肽部分或衍生物:
Cys-R1-Thr-Try-Asn-Gln-Met-Asn-Leu
R1选自:S-腺苷-L-甲硫氨酸、N-甲酰-L-甲硫氨酸、硒代-L-甲硫氨酸、N-乙酰-L-甲硫氨酸、D-甲硫氨酸、S-腺苷-D-甲硫氨酸、N-甲酰-D-甲硫氨酸、硒代-D-甲硫氨酸、N-乙酰-D-甲硫氨酸;
SEQ ID No.-106是选自下组的肽部分或衍生物:
Cys-Met-Thr-Try-Asn-Gln-Met-Asn-R2
R2选自:N-BOC-L-亮氨酸、L-异-异亮氨酸、L-叔亮氨酸、N-乙酰-L-亮氨酸、L-异亮氨酸、N-苄氧羰基-L-亮氨酸、D-亮氨酸、N-BOC-D-亮氨酸、D-异-异亮氨酸、D-叔亮氨酸、N-乙酰-D-亮氨酸、D-异亮氨酸、N-苄氧羰基-D-亮氨酸;
SEQ ID No.-107是选自下组的肽部分或衍生物:
Arg-Met-Phe-Pro-Asn-Ala-Pro-Tyr-R3
R3选自:N-BOC-L-亮氨酸、L-异-异亮氨酸、L-叔亮氨酸、N-乙酰-L-亮氨酸、L-异亮氨酸、N-苄氧羰基-L-亮氨酸、D-亮氨酸、N-BOC-D-亮氨酸、D-异-异亮氨酸、D-叔亮氨酸、N-乙酰-D-亮氨酸、D-异亮氨酸、N-苄氧羰基-D-亮氨酸;
SEQ ID No.-108是选自下组的肽部分或衍生物:
Arg-R4-Phe-Pro-Asn-Ala-Pro-Tyr-Leu
R4选自:S-腺苷-L-甲硫氨酸、N-甲酰-L-甲硫氨酸、硒代-L-甲硫氨酸、N-乙酰-L-甲硫氨酸、D-甲硫氨酸、S-腺苷-D-甲硫氨酸、N-甲酰-D-甲硫氨酸、硒代-D-甲硫氨酸、N-乙酰-D-甲硫氨酸。
2.一种药物组合物,其特征在于,含有权利要求1所述的化合物和药学上可接受的载体。
3.权利要求1所述的化合物的用途,其特征在于,用于制备治疗表达活性多肽的肿瘤、降低表达活性多肽的肿瘤的复发、转移和诱导针对表达活性多肽的肿瘤的免疫应答的药物。
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