CN110847843B - Rubber cup rubber cylinder sealing structure plunger - Google Patents

Rubber cup rubber cylinder sealing structure plunger Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110847843B
CN110847843B CN201911080669.5A CN201911080669A CN110847843B CN 110847843 B CN110847843 B CN 110847843B CN 201911080669 A CN201911080669 A CN 201911080669A CN 110847843 B CN110847843 B CN 110847843B
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China
Prior art keywords
plunger
central tube
ball seat
sealing
spacer sleeve
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CN201911080669.5A
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CN110847843A (en
Inventor
李旭日
田伟
李耀德
贾友亮
惠艳妮
宋洁
谈泊
李丽
李在顺
杨亚聪
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Petrochina Co Ltd
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Petrochina Co Ltd
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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B33/00Sealing or packing boreholes or wells
    • E21B33/10Sealing or packing boreholes or wells in the borehole
    • E21B33/12Packers; Plugs
    • E21B33/122Multiple string packers
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B41/00Equipment or details not covered by groups E21B15/00 - E21B40/00

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a rubber cup packing element sealing structure plunger piston, which comprises a central tube and a central rod, wherein a connecting body, an upper spacer sleeve and a lower spacer sleeve are connected outside the central tube, the lower end of the connecting body is connected with the upper end of the upper spacer sleeve, the lower end of the upper spacer sleeve is connected with the upper end of the lower spacer sleeve, a fishing head is connected with the upper end of the connecting body, a sealing ball seat cavity is formed in the fishing head, a sealing ball seat is connected in the sealing ball seat cavity, the sealing ball seat cavity is communicated with the central tube, a central tube air outlet communicated with the outside is formed in the sealing ball seat cavity, the lower end of the lower spacer sleeve is connected with a plunger piston bottom, a central tube air inlet communicated with the central tube is formed in the plunger piston bottom, the central tube passing through the sealing ball seat cavity is connected with a sealing ball, and the upper sealing rubber tube is connected outside the upper spacer sleeve to communicate the central tube with the upper sealing rubber tube. The sealing rubber cylinder expands, seals and lifts liquid under the action of airflow force, has good sealing effect, can effectively prevent the liquid from slipping, and can save the energy of lifting accumulated liquid by the plunger.

Description

Rubber cup rubber cylinder sealing structure plunger
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of natural gas exploitation, and particularly relates to a rubber cup rubber cylinder sealing structure plunger.
Background
The production of the gas well is accompanied by liquid output, when the energy production of the gas well is less than the critical liquid carrying flow, the liquid cannot be effectively carried out, the liquid accumulates in a shaft to form accumulated liquid along with the continuous production, the accumulated liquid cannot be normally produced by the gas well, and the gas well can be stopped in serious cases. Therefore, when liquid accumulation occurs in the gas well, a drainage gas production technology needs to be timely developed, and stable production of the gas well is guaranteed.
The plunger gas lift technology is an economical and effective drainage gas recovery method, a plunger is put in a gas well shaft, the plunger is pushed to periodically run in an oil pipe by utilizing the gas well production gas volume, and the plunger forms a mechanical packing interface between the lifting gas and liquid, so that gas channeling and liquid falling can be effectively prevented, the liquid slippage effect is reduced, and the liquid drainage efficiency of the gas well is increased. In the application of the plunger gas lift technology, a series of plungers such as columns, brushes, gaskets and the like are applied according to the conditions of different production stages of a gas well, a gas well production string, a gas well pipe wall, sand production and the like, so that the application range and the technical application time of the plunger gas lift technology are effectively improved.
For a gas well with a large tubular column or a gas well directly adopting a sleeve as a production tubular column, the well adopts a plunger gas lift drainage gas production technology after liquid is produced, and due to the characteristics of large size of the tubular column, no oil-free sleeve ring air energy supplement and the like, higher requirements are put forward for the plunger gas lift well and the plunger, the yield of the gas well is required to be better, and the sealing performance of the plunger is required to be better. However, the existing plunger has poor liquid lifting tightness and serious leakage loss.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a plunger with a rubber cup and rubber cylinder sealing structure, and aims to solve the problems that in the prior art, the liquid lifting tightness of the plunger is poor, and the leakage is serious.
The utility model provides a rubber cup packing element seal structure plunger, including center tube and core rod, the center tube is connected with the connector outward, go up spacer sleeve and spacer sleeve down, the connector lower extreme links to each other with last spacer sleeve upper end, it links to each other with spacer sleeve upper end down to go up the spacer sleeve lower extreme, the connector upper end is connected with the fishing head, the inside sealed ball seat chamber that opens of fishing head, sealed ball seat intracavity is connected with sealed ball seat, sealed ball seat chamber is linked together with the center tube, still open the center tube gas outlet with external intercommunication on the sealed ball seat chamber, lower spacer sleeve lower extreme is connected with the plunger bottom, it has the center tube air inlet that is linked together with the center tube to open on the plunger bottom, well core rod link up fishing head, center tube and plunger bottom, wherein be connected with sealed ball on the center tube through sealed ball seat chamber, go up the spacer sleeve external connection with the packing element, still open the air vent on the spacer sleeve, with intercommunication center tube and the packing element.
Furthermore, the connector is externally connected with a plurality of upper centralizers, and the plunger bottom is externally connected with a plurality of lower centralizers.
Furthermore, the bottom of the plunger is of a chamfer structure.
Furthermore, the length of the central rod is greater than the total length of the fishing head, the connecting body, the upper spacer bush, the lower spacer bush and the plunger bottom.
Furthermore, the outer part of the lower spacer sleeve is also connected with a lower sealing rubber cylinder, and the lower part of the lower sealing rubber cylinder is a bowl-shaped opening for air intake.
Furthermore, a plurality of upper sealing rubber cylinders are connected to the outer portion of the upper spacer sleeve, and each upper sealing rubber cylinder is communicated with the central pipe through a vent hole.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: with two-stage or multistage packing element seal structure, packing element expands under the air force effect and seals the lift liquid, has sealed effectual, can effectively prevent the liquid slippage, can save the plunger and lift the hydrops energy, forms soft contact between packing element inflation and the production string simultaneously, prevents the sealed packing element friction damage of leather cup, guarantees plunger life.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the packing structure of the packing cup rubber tube when the plunger falls;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of the plunger of the packing structure of the packing cup rubber tube during ascending;
description of reference numerals: 1. fishing the head; 2. sealing the ball seat; 3. a sealing ball; 4. a linker; 5. an upper centralizer; 6. an upper sealing rubber cylinder; 7. a center pole; 8. a central tube; 9. arranging a spacer bush; 10. a lower sealing rubber cylinder; 11. a lower spacer bush; 12. a lower centralizer; 13. a central tube air outlet; 14. and (4) a plunger bottom.
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Detailed Description
[ example 1 ]
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, a plunger with a rubber cup packing rubber sleeve sealing structure comprises a central tube 8 and a central rod 7, wherein the central tube 8 is externally connected with a connecting body 4, an upper spacer 9 and a lower spacer 11, the lower end of the connecting body 4 is connected with the upper end of the upper spacer 9, the lower end of the upper spacer 9 is connected with the upper end of the lower spacer 11, the upper end of the connecting body 4 is connected with a fishing head 1, a sealing ball seat cavity is formed inside the fishing head 1, a sealing ball seat 2 is connected inside the sealing ball seat cavity, the sealing ball seat cavity is communicated with the central tube 8, a central tube air outlet 13 communicated with the outside is further formed on the sealing ball seat cavity, the lower end of the lower spacer 11 is connected with a plunger bottom 14, a central tube air inlet communicated with the central tube 8 is formed on the plunger bottom 14, the central rod 7 penetrates through the fishing head 1, the central tube 8 and the plunger bottom 14, a sealing ball 3 is connected on the central rod 7 passing through the sealing ball seat cavity, an upper spacer 9 is externally connected with an upper sealing rubber sleeve 6, the upper spacer 9 is also provided with a vent hole to communicate the central tube 8 and the upper sealing rubber cylinder 6.
Comprises a central tube 8, a connecting body 4, an upper spacer 9 and a lower spacer 11 are connected outside the central tube 8 through gas, and the connecting body 4, the upper spacer 9 and the lower spacer 11 are connected with each other from top to bottom.
The upper end of the connecting body 4 is connected with a fishing head 1, the fishing head 1 is of a hollow structure, the hollow part is a sealed ball seat cavity, and a central pipe air outlet 13 communicated with the outside is further formed in the sealed ball seat cavity. The fishing head 1 is connected with the connecting body 4, the upper end of a central tube 8 in the connecting body 4 is communicated with a sealing ball seat cavity of the fishing head 1, and the extracted gas can enter the sealing ball seat cavity from the central tube 8 and then flows to the outside from the sealing ball seat cavity through a central tube gas outlet 13. And the sealing ball seat 2 in the sealing ball seat cavity can be matched with the sealing ball 3 to form sealing, so that the gas in the sealing ball seat cavity is prevented from being communicated with the outside through the central pipe gas outlet 13.
When the sealing ball seat 2 is matched and sealed with the sealing ball 3, the whole sealing ball seat cavity is divided into an upper sealing ball seat cavity and a lower sealing ball seat cavity, the central pipe gas outlet 13 is communicated with the outside and the upper central pipe gas outlet 13, and the central pipe 8 is communicated with the lower sealing ball seat cavity.
The gas at the bottom enters the central tube 8 from the central tube gas inlet, then enters the lower sealing ball seat cavity and the upper sealing ball seat cavity, and finally is discharged out of the fishing head 1 from the central tube gas outlet 13 to form a gas flow channel.
The lower end of the lower spacer 11 is connected with a plunger bottom 14, a central tube air inlet communicated with the central tube 8 is formed in the plunger bottom 14, and the central tube 8 in the lower spacer 11 is also communicated with the plunger bottom 14 and communicated with the outside through the central tube air inlet in the plunger bottom.
Still included well core rod 7, well core rod 7 runs through in following fishing head 1, center tube 8 and plunger bottom 14 to can freely reciprocate, wherein well core rod 7 still is connected with sealing ball 3 through the part of fishing head 1 sealing ball seat cavity, and like this well core rod 7 when reciprocating, just can drive sealing ball 3 and sealing ball seat 2 sealed or break away from.
The outer part of the upper spacer 9 is connected with an upper sealing rubber cylinder 6, and the upper spacer 9 is also provided with a vent hole to communicate the central tube 8 and the upper sealing rubber cylinder 6.
Go up sealed packing element 6 and center tube 8 and be linked together, the gas of center tube 8 gets into through the vent hole and goes up sealed packing element 6 inflation grow to form the first sealing face that the sealing washer is the same with the inner wall contact of production string, go up sealed packing element 6 and production string inner wall formation soft contact simultaneously, avoid going up sealed packing element 6 by the friction harm.
[ example 2 ]
In addition to embodiment 1, a plurality of upper centralizers 5 are connected to the exterior of the connecting body 4, and a plurality of lower centralizers 12 are connected to the exterior of the plunger bottom 14.
The connector 4 is externally connected with a plurality of upper centralizers 5, and the plunger bottom 14 is externally connected with a plurality of lower centralizers 12 to stabilize the position of the whole plunger and ensure that the plunger is positioned in the middle of the production string and cannot deflect.
The plunger bottom 14 is of a chamfered structure. The function of leading the plunger to normally operate downwards is realized.
The length of the central rod 7 is greater than the total length of the fishing head 1, the connecting body 4, the upper spacer 9, the lower spacer 11 and the plunger bottom 14. When the plunger goes upward to the top like this, the part that well core rod 7 is higher than fishing head 1 is hit downwards, drives the downward motion of ball sealer 3, and ball sealer 3 and the separation of ball sealer 2 are no longer sealed for airflow channel is opened, and upper seal packing element 6 contracts because pressure reduces after the earial drainage, no longer with the contact of production string inner wall, can fall again.
The outside of the lower spacer 11 is also connected with a lower sealing rubber cylinder 10, and the lower part of the lower sealing rubber cylinder 10 is a bowl-shaped opening for air intake.
And a plurality of upper sealing rubber cylinders 6 are connected to the outer part of the upper spacer 9, and each upper sealing rubber cylinder 6 is communicated with the central pipe 8 through a vent hole.
In summary, in operation, the plunger can be divided into an up state and a down state.
As shown in fig. 2, the plunger travels upward. When the plunger reaches the bottom of the production pipe column, because the central rod 7 is longer than the plunger, the central rod 7 is pushed upwards, the sealing ball 3 on the central rod 7 moves upwards along with the central rod to contact with the sealing ball seat 2 to form sealing, so far, the gas entering the upper sealing ball seat cavity from the lower sealing ball seat cavity cannot be discharged, at the moment, the gas flow enters the upper sealing rubber cylinder 6 along the vent hole on the central tube 8, the upper sealing rubber cylinder 6 expands to contact with the inner wall of the production pipe column to form a first sealing ring, the liquid above the upper sealing rubber cylinder 6 cannot remain, meanwhile, the gas flow upwards moves from the outside of the plunger to enter the lower sealing rubber cylinder 10 from the bowl-shaped opening at the lower end of the lower sealing rubber cylinder 10, so that the lower sealing rubber cylinder 10 expands to contact with the inner wall of the production pipe column to form a second sealing surface, and under the pushing of the force of the gas flow, the plunger and the liquid above the upper sealing rubber cylinder 6 move towards the wellhead together, this is because the sealing ball 3 is caught by the sealing ball seat 2 and the center rod 7 does not fall down. The accumulated liquid above the upper sealing rubber cylinder 6 is finally discharged from the wellhead.
As shown in fig. 1, the plunger is lowered. After the plunger went upward the well head, the hydrops was removed from the well head, and on 7 upper ends of well core rod hit the well head device, well core rod 7 was pushed down, and sealed ball 3 separated with sealed ball seat 2 downwards this moment, airflow channel dredges, goes up sealed packing element 6 and contracts under the condition of pressure release with lower sealed packing element 10, can't contact with the production string inner wall again, whole plunger is with this whereabouts. Gas and liquid in the production string pass through the airflow channel in the falling process, the falling of the plunger cannot be hindered until the plunger falls to the bottom of the production string, and the plunger periodically ascends and descends as the plunger ascends.

Claims (6)

1. The utility model provides a rubber cup packing element seal structure plunger which characterized in that: comprises a central tube (8) and a central rod (7), wherein the outside of the central tube (8) is connected with a connector (4), an upper spacer sleeve (9) and a lower spacer sleeve (11), the lower end of the connector (4) is connected with the upper end of the upper spacer sleeve (9), the lower end of the upper spacer sleeve (9) is connected with the upper end of the lower spacer sleeve (11), the upper end of the connector (4) is connected with a fishing head (1), a sealed ball seat cavity is arranged inside the fishing head (1), a sealed ball seat (2) is connected inside the sealed ball seat cavity, the sealed ball seat cavity is communicated with the central tube (8), a central tube (13) communicated with the outside is also arranged on the sealed ball seat cavity, the lower end of the lower spacer sleeve (11) is connected with a plunger bottom (14), the central tube communicated with the central tube (8) is arranged on the plunger bottom (14), the central rod (7) is communicated with the fishing head (1), the central tube (8) and the plunger bottom (14), wherein the central rod (7) passing through the ball seat cavity is connected with a sealed ball (3), the outer part of the upper spacer bush (9) is connected with an upper sealing rubber cylinder (6), and the upper spacer bush (9) is also provided with a vent hole to communicate the central tube (8) and the upper sealing rubber cylinder (6).
2. The plunger of claim 1, wherein: the outer part of the connecting body (4) is connected with a plurality of upper centralizers (5), and the outer part of the plunger bottom (14) is connected with a plurality of lower centralizers (12).
3. The plunger of claim 1, wherein: the plunger bottom (14) is of a chamfer structure.
4. The plunger of claim 1, wherein: the length of the central rod (7) is greater than the total length of the fishing head (1), the connecting body (4), the upper spacer bush (9), the lower spacer bush (11) and the plunger bottom (14).
5. The plunger of claim 1, wherein: the outer part of the lower spacer bush (11) is also connected with a lower sealing rubber cylinder (10), and the lower part of the lower sealing rubber cylinder (10) is a bowl-shaped opening for air intake.
6. The plunger of claim 1, wherein: go up spacer (9) external connection and have a plurality of upper seal packing element (6), every upper seal packing element (6) is through air vent and center tube (8) intercommunication.
CN201911080669.5A 2019-11-07 2019-11-07 Rubber cup rubber cylinder sealing structure plunger Active CN110847843B (en)

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CN201911080669.5A CN110847843B (en) 2019-11-07 2019-11-07 Rubber cup rubber cylinder sealing structure plunger

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201911080669.5A CN110847843B (en) 2019-11-07 2019-11-07 Rubber cup rubber cylinder sealing structure plunger

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CN110847843A CN110847843A (en) 2020-02-28
CN110847843B true CN110847843B (en) 2021-11-30

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113982537B (en) * 2021-11-04 2023-09-05 西南石油大学 Plunger drainage gas production novel plunger capable of locally reducing

Citations (7)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101858330A (en) * 2010-05-18 2010-10-13 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 Drainage gas production plunger in gas well
CN203452741U (en) * 2013-08-23 2014-02-26 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 Self-expansion continuous airlift overall sealing plunger
CN204252962U (en) * 2014-11-12 2015-04-08 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 A kind of down-hole swimming type automatic intermittent lifts water conservancy project tool
CN204532278U (en) * 2015-02-06 2015-08-05 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 A kind of gas well draining plunger
CN206111155U (en) * 2016-10-13 2017-04-19 中国石油化工股份有限公司 Flowing back is plunger instrument for gas production
CN108756826A (en) * 2018-07-23 2018-11-06 西安石油大学 A kind of reducing self-operated type water pumping gas production plunger
CN108756825A (en) * 2018-07-23 2018-11-06 西安石油大学 A kind of swab formula water pumping gas production plunger

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US10215004B2 (en) * 2015-08-13 2019-02-26 Divergent Technologies, LLC Modular plunger for a hydrocarbon wellbore

Patent Citations (7)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101858330A (en) * 2010-05-18 2010-10-13 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 Drainage gas production plunger in gas well
CN203452741U (en) * 2013-08-23 2014-02-26 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 Self-expansion continuous airlift overall sealing plunger
CN204252962U (en) * 2014-11-12 2015-04-08 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 A kind of down-hole swimming type automatic intermittent lifts water conservancy project tool
CN204532278U (en) * 2015-02-06 2015-08-05 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 A kind of gas well draining plunger
CN206111155U (en) * 2016-10-13 2017-04-19 中国石油化工股份有限公司 Flowing back is plunger instrument for gas production
CN108756826A (en) * 2018-07-23 2018-11-06 西安石油大学 A kind of reducing self-operated type water pumping gas production plunger
CN108756825A (en) * 2018-07-23 2018-11-06 西安石油大学 A kind of swab formula water pumping gas production plunger

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气井连续排水型柱塞研制;张洪涛 等;《天然气勘探与开发》;20190331;第42卷(第1期);第103-107页 *

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