CN106522898B - Gas well Auto-drainage plunger - Google Patents
Gas well Auto-drainage plunger Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN106522898B CN106522898B CN201610952642.0A CN201610952642A CN106522898B CN 106522898 B CN106522898 B CN 106522898B CN 201610952642 A CN201610952642 A CN 201610952642A CN 106522898 B CN106522898 B CN 106522898B
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- plunger
- canister unit
- sensing element
- pass
- limiting slot
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- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000004323 axial length Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910000851 Alloy steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000521257 Hydrops Species 0.000 abstract description 37
- 206010030113 Oedema Diseases 0.000 abstract description 37
- 238000010924 continuous production Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 43
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 19
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000004220 aggregation Methods 0.000 description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910001149 41xx steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000006424 Flood reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001174 ascending effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001186 cumulative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002343 natural gas well Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001256 stainless steel alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/12—Methods or apparatus for controlling the flow of the obtained fluid to or in wells
- E21B43/121—Lifting well fluids
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B53/00—Component parts, details or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B23/00 or F04B39/00 - F04B47/00
- F04B53/14—Pistons, piston-rods or piston-rod connections
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Reciprocating Pumps (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to gas well Auto-drainage plungers, including along the plunger cylinder for being axially arranged with through-hole, the control mechanism that the through-hole is separated into upper chamber and lower chambers is equipped in the plunger barrel body, the plunger cylinder includes at least descending the first canister unit and the second canister unit of outer diameter, limiting slot is equipped in first canister unit and the second canister unit, second canister unit is radially provided with the by-pass that can be connected to through-hole along the limiting slot, the control mechanism is equipped with the elastic sensing element that the pressure difference between the upper chamber and lower chambers can be transformed into axial displacement, and it is connected with the elastic sensing element and can reciprocatingly slides under the action of elastic sensing element along the limiting slot with the executive component of unlatching/closing by-pass.The plunger can control by-pass unlatching/closing using elastic sensing element according to the variation of shaft bottom hydrops degree while realizing responding curve of well continuous production, realize automatic drain and control drain frequency in optimum level.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to oil and gas exploitation fields, specifically be a kind of gas well Auto-drainage plunger.
Background technique
The natural gas well in recovery process, usually all can a certain amount of condensation water of output or water flooding, when gas production is successively decreased
To when taking the critical tolerance of liquid or less, air velocity is then not enough to taking water into pit shaft out of, and shaft bottom hydrops will occur at this time, cause gas well
The rapid underproduction even stops production.Therefore how effectively to exclude shaft bottom hydrops become the gas well middle and later periods can stable yields key.
Plunger water pumping gas production technique is a kind of mechanical interface using plunger, and gas is separated with by lifting liquid, is reduced
Gas channelling and liquid are fallen after rise, and the drainage technology for periodically lifting liquid is carried out in oil pipe.Compared with other drainage technologies, plunger work
Skill has that equipment investment is few, long service life, maintenance cost are low, advantages without other energy consumptions, for low pressure, low yield,
The draining of low consumption of the liquid gas well has significant economic benefit.
Current drainage plunger mainly includes following four classes: the first kind is most traditional solid bar type plunger, uses one
Bodyization design, without any movement parts, closing well back-plunger sinks to shaft bottom, and the back-plunger that drives a well rises drain；In order to further decrease liquid
Body slips, and improves plunger to the passability of variable diameter oil pipe, produces the second class such as Publication No. CN104389782A, entitled
Liner type plunger disclosed in the patent document of " a kind of liner type water pumping gas production plunger ", plunger external surface are embedded with and spring phase
Even can necking down cushion block, can pass through at oil pipe variable diameter；When in order to overcome slow preceding two classes plunger falling speed, closing well
Between long problem, there is third class such as Publication No. CN101858330A, the patent of entitled " drainage gas production plunger in gas well "
Bypass type plunger disclosed in document realizes opening and closing for plunger bypass by the shock of valve rod and fastener, in well head by
Logical plunger of opening hurtles down, and at shaft bottom, bypass closes plunger rising drain；It is real in order to pursue higher plunger falling speed
Existing responding curve of well continuous production produces the 4th class such as Publication No. CN103670337A, entitled " responding curve of well quantity-produced point
Split type plunger disclosed in the patent document of body formula plunger device ", plunger body are quick after well head separates with seperated sealing element
It falls, rises drain after shaft bottom is fit.
However, plunger running frequency it is too low or it is excessively high be unfavorable for water pumping gas production, the reason is that: when drain underfrequency
When, liquid formed accumulation, will cause plunger upper part liquid carry it is excessive, plunger possibly can not reach well head, cause technique to fail, and increase
Add workover treatment；And when drain frequency is excessively high, shaft bottom is not sufficiently formed hydrops, and bottom pressure recovery time is short, on plunger
It rises slowly, the residence time is long, and hydraulic slip is serious, reduces drain efficiency, while plunger idle running, aggravates plunger wear, drop
The low plunger service life, therefore pursuing higher falling speed and running frequency simply can not be from reaching best gas well drain effect.By
This is as it can be seen that existing drainage plunger is the technical issues of generally facing: how to realize the intelligence of drain, and obtains optimal row
Liquid frequency.
Summary of the invention
In view of the above technical problems, the present invention provides a kind of gas well Auto-drainage plungers, it is intended to realize the automatic of plunger
Rise drain and automatic whereabouts, to achieve the purpose that responding curve of well intelligence drain.
Gas well Auto-drainage plunger of the invention, including along the plunger cylinder for being axially arranged with through-hole, the plunger barrel body
Equipped with the control mechanism that the through-hole is separated into upper chamber and lower chambers, it is descending which includes at least outer diameter
It is equipped with limiting slot in first canister unit and the second canister unit, first canister unit and the second canister unit, described the
Two canister units are radially provided with the by-pass that can be connected to through-hole along the limiting slot, the control mechanism be equipped with can will be described on
Pressure difference between chamber and lower chambers is transformed into the elastic sensing element of axial displacement, and is connected with the elastic sensing element
And it can reciprocatingly slide under the action of elastic sensing element along the limiting slot and member is executed with unlatching/closing by-pass
Part.
In practical application, the first canister unit of the plunger cylinder is matched with gas well oil pipe, i.e., it is described on
Chamber is connected to well head, and pressure changes with the variation of well head pressure；The lower chambers are connected to shaft bottom, pressure
Power changes with the variation of bottom pressure.When the executive component is located at the upper end of limiting slot, by-pass is in the open state
And upper chamber is connected to when executive component is located at the lower end of limiting slot, by-pass is in close state.
The working principle of the plunger is as follows:
Original state: in opening well and making production, which is thrown to shaft bottom, and by-pass is in and opens
State is opened, (that is: by-pass is connected to through-hole, and executive component is located at the upper end of limiting slot).
The uplink stage: with the aggregation of shaft bottom hydrops, hydrops enters through by-pass and floods upper chamber, and well head pressure will be by
Cumulative big, the elastic sensing element will be axially compressed under the differential pressure action of well head and shaft bottom, is attached thereto to drive
Executive component move downward, when executive component comes downwards to the lower end of limiting slot, the by-pass is separated with through-hole, by-pass
It closes, the plunger for forming sealing in oil pipe at this time is whole, with the aggregation of downhole gas, in the impetus lower prop of gas
Plug is whole, and along oil pipe ascending motion, eventually arriving at well head is discharged hydrops, and gas well restores to produce gas.
Descending phase: when the gas well Auto-drainage plunger well head be detained a period of time after, again with shaft bottom hydrops
Aggregation, bottom pressure will increase, and well head residual compression is reduced because of the discharge of hydrops, i.e., the pressure of lower chambers will be greater than at this time
The pressure of upper chamber, elastic sensing element will expand under the differential pressure action between lower chambers and upper chamber and drive executive component
It moves upwards, when executive component goes upward to the upper end of limiting slot, the by-pass is connected with through-hole, i.e., by-pass is opened,
Through by-pass blowby occurs between upper chamber and lower chambers for air-flow, and plunger will integrally fall under the effect of gravity.
Since there are shaft bottom hydrops, integrally falling into the pressure after hydrops in upper chamber in plunger will be increased, and elasticity is quick
Sensing unit will drive executive component to move downward, if shaft bottom hydrops is less, the pressure difference between upper chamber and lower chambers is insufficient to allow
When elastic sensing element drives executive component to come downwards to limiting slot lower end, the by-pass will be still in open state, and plunger is whole
Body will continue to fall to shaft bottom, and the rising drain in the uplink stage is repeated after hydrops further increases；If shaft bottom hydrops
More, before plunger integrally falls into hydrops but not yet drops down onto shaft bottom, executive component has come downwards to limiting slot lower end, the by-pass
It will close in advance, plunger integrally will just rise in advance drain before dropping down onto shaft bottom.
The gas well Auto-drainage plunger is realizing responding curve of well quantity-produced by setting elastic sensing element and by-pass
Meanwhile it can be realized automatic according to the variation of shaft bottom hydrops degree using unlatching/closing of elastic sensing element control by-pass
Drain not only contributes to control the drain frequency of plunger in optimum level, to improve drain efficiency, reduces production and management
Cost, additionally it is possible to hydrops further deteriorate before timely drain, effectively prevent because drain not in time, liquid carry it is excessive due to lead to column
The problem of plug can not reach well head, a possibility that improving drain success rate, reduce workover treatment, and prevents in shaft bottom hydrops
Rise drain before increasing too early, avoids plunger idle running and liquid from excessively missing, be conducive to extend the service life of plunger；Together
When for serious hydrops well, plunger can rise in advance drain before dropping down onto shaft bottom, be conducive to control the liquid carrying capacity carried every time,
Cause to rise difficult problem because liquid carrying capacity is excessive after preventing plunger from dropping down onto shaft bottom.
Further, rule of thumb, the pressure difference variation range between upper chamber and lower chambers is usually smaller, therefore the elasticity
Sensing element is preferably bellows, and sensitivity is higher, very fast to the response speed compared with small pressure difference.Not according to downhole environment
Together, it is also an option that pressure difference can be transformed into elastic sensing element, such as bourdon tube, Bourdon tube of axial displacement etc. by other.Institute
It states bellows to separate the through-hole for being located at the plunger cylinder of its tube wall two sides, the throughhole portions of side corresponding to well head are institute
Upper chamber is stated, the throughhole portions of side corresponding to shaft bottom are the lower chambers.
Specifically, convenient for assembling, the executive component includes the push-and-pull being connected with elastic sensing element in order to simplify structure
Bar, and be connected with the push-pull rod and can reciprocatingly slide along limiting slot with the piston of unlatching/closing by-pass, the piston
The deflector hole being connected to equipped at least one with upper chamber.In practical application, the push-pull rod is upper with elastic sensing element
What end was tightly connected, when elastic sensing element compression/expansion, can drive push-pull rod to run downward or upward, to exist with piston
It axially moves in limiting slot.The purpose that the deflector hole is arranged is: when by-pass is in the open state, by-pass and epicoele
It can be connected to through deflector hole between room.
Further, the push-pull rod includes the upper mast being sequentially arranged, middle mast and lower mast, the middle mast it is straight
Diameter is less than the diameter of the upper mast and lower mast, and the piston is equipped with the centre bore matched with middle mast, the middle mast
Axial length be greater than the centre bore axial length and can be slided up and down in centre bore.Due in the plunger uplink stage,
When hydrops is drained out but is not completely exhausted out, well head pressure is slightly reduced, and the elastic sensing element is slightly expanded and can be pushed away
Dynamic push-pull rod uplink a distance, therefore use center pillar pole length greater than the axial length of centre bore, it can be ensured that it is not complete in hydrops
When full discharge, lower mast moves upwards the lower end surface that will not contact immediately and push piston, prevents in plunger uplink stage, bypass
Road is connected in advance with through-hole and there is a situation where gas blowby, can be improved drain success rate, reduces the probability of workover treatment.
Preferably, the piston can be made of existing steel alloy, and be preferably made of chrome-moly steel, wear-resisting
Property, compression strength, corrosion resistance, dimensional stability and preferable to the absorbent properties of impact, move back and forth for a long time in limiting slot,
It is hardly damaged.In addition, the piston can also be made of stainless steel or aluminium alloy etc..The axial ends of the limiting slot is distinguished
Equipped with first annular magnet and the second annular magnet.For the above row order section, during hydrops is not completely exhausted out also, well head
Pressure slightly reduce, elastic sensing element slightly expands and will push push-pull rod uplink a distance, lower mast will not be immediately
Under the premise of contacting and pushing the lower end surface of piston, the piston of alloy steel (such as being made of chrome-moly steel) can be
Be kept in contact under the graviational interaction of second ring magnet with still with limiting slot lower end, it is ensured that piston will not because in mast and centre bore it
Between frictional force and uplink is driven by push-pull rod, to further prevent in the plunger uplink stage, by-pass connects in advance with through-hole
It is logical and there is a situation where gas blowby, it can be improved drain success rate, reduce the probability of workover treatment.
Preferably, the plunger cylinder includes the upper prop plug tube equipped with first canister unit and the second canister unit
Body, and with the second canister unit cooperation and outer diameter less than the first canister unit lower plunger barrel body.Such structure is more
Facilitate production and installation.The outer diameter of the lower plunger barrel body is to guarantee lower plunger barrel body and oil pipe less than the first canister unit
Between annular space and by-pass keep being connected to.
Preferably, the lower plunger barrel body is connected with the lower end of elastic sensing element, and is equipped with and is at least used as the cavity of resorption
The gas chamber of a part of room.The gas chamber runs through lower plunger barrel body bottom.When the elastic sensing element is that bellows etc. is similar
When structure, the inner cavity of bellows is connected to the gas chamber and collectively forms the lower chambers.In practical application, can pass through to
Chamber inflated changes the axial length of bellows to increase air pressure, to be conducive to the easily actual conditions according to shaft bottom, especially
It is the control timely drain of plunger when hydrops is serious.
Specifically, first canister unit includes upper and lower part, the lower inner diameter is greater than upper inner diameter and is formed
Step structure, the lower plunger barrel body at least partly outer wall and the second canister unit inner wall are cooperatively connected, and in the lower plunger
The limiting slot is formed between the upper surface of cylinder and the step structure.Using the upper surface of lower plunger barrel body as limiting slot
Lower end, be conducive to be further simplified structure, and facilitate installation.It is preferably logical between the lower plunger barrel body and the second canister unit
Cross threaded connection cooperation.
Further, the first canister unit outer wall is equipped with the annular groove being spaced apart.Such structure is conducive to
When plunger being made to pump in oil pipe, the heavy of tube inner wall can be removed automatically using the outer wall of the first canister unit
The link for individually carrying out washing and cleaning operation is omitted in sand, fouling and wax, is conducive to improve working efficiency.
Preferably, the by-pass at least there are two, each by-pass is along the second canister unit radial equipartition.It is uniformly arranged
Multiple by-passes are conducive to reduce gas-flow resistance when plunger downlink.
Gas well Auto-drainage plunger of the invention at least has the advantages that
1, responding curve of well continuous production is realized；
2, by the way that the elastic sensing element and by-pass is arranged, elasticity can be utilized according to the variation of shaft bottom hydrops degree
Sensing element controls unlatching/closing of by-pass, realizes automatic drain, makes the control of drain frequency in optimum level, can be very big
Raising drain efficiency, reduce management cost；
3, before hydrops further deteriorates can timely drain, effectively prevent because of drain not in time, liquid carry excessive and gas
Body blowby and the problem of cause plunger that can not reach well head, a possibility that improving drain success rate, reduce workover treatment；
4, it can prevent from rising drain too early before shaft bottom hydrops increases, plunger idle running and liquid is avoided excessively to leak
It loses, to be conducive to extend the service life of plunger；
5, for the well of serious hydrops, plunger can rise in advance drain before dropping down onto shaft bottom, be conducive to control each carrying
Liquid carrying capacity, cause to rise difficult problem because liquid carrying capacity is excessive after preventing plunger from dropping down onto shaft bottom.
Specific embodiment with reference to embodiments of the invention remakes above content of the invention further detailed
It describes in detail bright.But the range that this should not be interpreted as to the above-mentioned theme of the present invention is only limitted to example below.On not departing from the present invention
In the case of stating technical idea, the various replacements or change made according to ordinary skill knowledge and customary means should all be wrapped
It includes within the scope of the invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is gas well Auto-drainage plunger uplink stage structures schematic diagram of the invention.
Fig. 2 is the axial schematic cross-sectional view of piston in Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is the radial schematic cross-sectional view of piston in Fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is the structural schematic diagram of push-pull rod in Fig. 1.
Fig. 5 is gas well Auto-drainage plunger descending phase structural schematic diagram of the invention.
Specific embodiment
As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 5, gas well Auto-drainage plunger of the invention, including along the plunger barrel for being axially arranged with through-hole 100
Body, the plunger barrel body is interior to be equipped with the control mechanism that the through-hole 100 is separated into upper chamber and lower chambers, and the plunger cylinder is extremely
It less include descending the first canister unit 210 and the second canister unit 220 of outer diameter, first canister unit 210 and the
Be equipped with limiting slot 400 in two canister units 220, second canister unit 220 along the limiting slot 400 be radially provided with can with it is logical
The by-pass 500 that hole 100 is connected to, the control mechanism, which is equipped with, to be transformed into axis for the pressure difference between the upper chamber and lower chambers
To the elastic sensing element 600 of displacement, and it is connected with the elastic sensing element 600 and can be in elastic sensing element 600
Limiting slot 400 described in effect lower edge reciprocatingly slides with the executive component of unlatching/closing by-pass 500.
The by-pass 500 there are four and along the radial equipartition of the second canister unit 220.The elastic sensing element 600
For bellows.The plunger cylinder includes the upper plug cylinder equipped with first canister unit 210 and the second canister unit 220
200, and with the second canister unit 220 cooperation and outer diameter less than the first canister unit 210 lower plunger barrel body 300.It is described
First canister unit 210 is matched with gas well oil pipe, i.e., the described upper chamber is connected to well head, and pressure is with well head pressure
The variation of power and change；The lower chambers are connected to shaft bottom, and pressure changes with the variation of bottom pressure.Described first
210 outer wall of canister unit is equipped with the annular groove 213 being spaced apart.Annular space between the lower plunger barrel body 300 and oil pipe with
By-pass 500 keeps connection.The lower plunger barrel body 300 is fixedly connected with the open end of bellows, and is equipped with gas chamber 310, institute
Gas chamber 310 is stated through lower 300 bottom of plunger barrel body, the inner cavity of bellows be connected to the gas chamber 310 and collectively form it is described under
Chamber, the interior space corresponding with the tube wall of bellows outside of plunger barrel body is the upper chamber.First canister unit 210
Including top 211 and lower part 212,212 internal diameter of lower part is greater than 211 internal diameter of top and forms step structure, the lower plunger
300 outer wall of cylinder and 220 inner wall of the second canister unit are cooperatively connected, and in the upper surface of the lower plunger barrel body 300 and
The limiting slot 400 is formed between step structure, is respectively equipped with the second ring on the upper surface of lower plunger barrel body 300 and step structure
Shape magnet 820 and first annular magnet 810.
The executive component includes the push-pull rod 710 connecting with bellows free end, and is connected simultaneously with the push-pull rod 710
It can reciprocatingly slide along limiting slot 400 with the piston 720 of unlatching/closing by-pass 500.As shown in Figures 2 and 3, the work
Plug 720 sets that there are three deflector holes 721 that is radially uniformly distributed and being connected to upper chamber.The piston 720 is made of chrome-moly steel.
As shown in figure 4, the push-pull rod 710 includes upper mast 711, middle mast 712 and the lower mast 713 being sequentially arranged,
The diameter of the middle mast 712 is less than the diameter of the upper mast 711 and lower mast 713, and the piston 720 is equipped with and middle mast
712 centre bores 722 matched, the axial length of the middle mast 712 are greater than the axial length of the centre bore 722 and can be
It is slided up and down in centre bore 722.
The course of work of the plunger includes:
Original state: in opening well and making production, the piston 720 is in contact with first annular magnet 810, i.e., the described side
Channel 500 is in the open state, and plunger is launched to shaft bottom.
The uplink stage: with the aggregation of shaft bottom hydrops, hydrops enters through by-pass 500 and floods upper chamber, well head pressure
It will be gradually increased, bellows will be axially compressed under the differential pressure action of well head and shaft bottom, so that push-pull rod 710 be driven to transport downwards
Dynamic, when the upper surface of the lower end surface contact piston 720 of upper mast 711, push-pull rod 710 is moved downward with piston 720, works as work
Plug 720 is when coming downwards to the upper surface of lower plunger barrel body 300 and contacting with the second annular magnet 820, as structure shown in Fig. 1,
By-pass 500 is separated with through-hole 100, and by-pass 500 is closed, and the plunger for forming sealing in oil pipe at this time is whole, with well
The aggregation of spirit body, for plunger entirety along oil pipe ascending motion, eventually arriving at well head is discharged hydrops under the impetus of gas,
Gas well restores to produce gas.
Since middle 712 length of mast is greater than the axial length of centre bore 722, therefore in plunger row order section on the whole, product
When liquid is drained out but is not completely exhausted out, well head pressure is slightly reduced, and the bellows slightly expands and pushes push-pull rod 710
When moving upwards, lower mast 713 will not contact immediately and push the lower end surface of piston 720, and piston 720 can be in the second ring
Upper surface under the graviational interaction of shape magnet 820 still with lower plunger barrel body 300 is kept in contact, to be beneficial to prevent on plunger
Row order section, piston 720 and push-pull rod 710 move synchronously and friction of the piston 720 because between mast 712 and centre bore 722
Power and by push-pull rod 710 drive uplink, so that by-pass 500 is connected to the case where leading to gas blowby in advance with through-hole 100.
Descending phase: when the gas well Auto-drainage plunger well head be detained a period of time after, again with shaft bottom hydrops
Aggregation, bottom pressure will increase, and well head residual compression is reduced because of the discharge of hydrops, i.e., the pressure of lower chambers will be greater than at this time
The pressure of upper chamber, bellows will expand under the differential pressure action between lower chambers and upper chamber and drive push-pull rod 710 upward
Movement, when push-pull rod 710, which is gone upward to, to be contacted at step structure with first annular magnet 810, structure as shown in Figure 5,
By-pass 500 is opened, and through by-pass 500 blowby occurs between upper chamber and lower chambers for air-flow, and plunger is whole in gravity
Lower whereabouts.
Since there are shaft bottom hydrops, integrally falling into the pressure after hydrops in upper chamber in plunger will be increased, bellows
Push-pull rod 710 will be driven to move downward, if shaft bottom hydrops is less, the pressure difference between upper chamber and lower chambers is insufficient to allow bellows
When executive component being driven to come downwards to the upper surface of lower plunger barrel body 300, the by-pass 500 will be still in open state, plunger
It is whole to continue to fall to shaft bottom, the rising drain in the uplink stage is repeated after hydrops further increases；If shaft bottom product
Liquid is more, and plunger is whole before falling into hydrops but not yet dropping down onto shaft bottom, and push-pull rod 710 has come downwards to lower plunger barrel body 300
Upper surface is simultaneously contacted with the second annular magnet 820, and the by-pass 500 will be closed in advance, and plunger integrally will just drop down onto shaft bottom
It is preceding to rise drain in advance.
Claims (8)
1. gas well Auto-drainage plunger, including along the plunger cylinder for being axially arranged with through-hole (100), it is characterised in that: the plunger
The control mechanism that the through-hole (100) is separated into upper chamber and lower chambers is equipped in cylinder, which includes at least outer
Diameter descending the first canister unit (210) and the second canister unit (220), first canister unit (210) and second
Limiting slot (400) are equipped in canister unit (220), second canister unit (220) is radially provided with along the limiting slot (400)
The by-pass (500) that can be connected to through-hole (100), the control mechanism is equipped with can be by the pressure between the upper chamber and lower chambers
Difference is transformed into the elastic sensing element (600) of axial displacement, and is connected with the elastic sensing element (600) and can be in elasticity
It reciprocatingly slides holding with unlatching/closing the by-pass (500) under the action of sensing element (600) along the limiting slot (400)
Units；
The executive component includes the push-pull rod (710) being connected with elastic sensing element (600), and with the push-pull rod (710)
It is connected and can reciprocatingly slides along limiting slot (400) with the piston (720) of unlatching/closing by-pass (500), the piston
(720) it is equipped at least one deflector hole (721) being connected to upper chamber；
The push-pull rod (710) includes the upper mast (711), middle mast (712) and lower mast (713) being sequentially arranged, it is described in
The diameter of mast (712) is less than the diameter of the upper mast (711) and lower mast (713), and the piston (720) is equipped with and center pillar
The centre bore (722) that bar (712) matches, the axial length of the middle mast (712) are greater than the axial direction of the centre bore (722)
Length can simultaneously slide up and down in centre bore (722).
2. gas well Auto-drainage plunger as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the elastic sensing element (600) is wave
Line pipe.
3. gas well Auto-drainage plunger as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the piston (720) is made of steel alloy,
The axial ends of the limiting slot is respectively equipped with first annular magnet (810) and the second annular magnet (820).
4. gas well Auto-drainage plunger as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the plunger cylinder includes being equipped with described the
The upper plug cylinder (200) of one canister unit (210) and the second canister unit (220), and match with the second canister unit (220)
Merge and outer diameter less than the first canister unit (210) lower plunger barrel body (300).
5. gas well Auto-drainage plunger as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that: the lower plunger barrel body (300) and elasticity
The lower end of sensing element (600) is connected, and is equipped at least as the gas chamber (310) of a part of the lower chambers.
6. gas well Auto-drainage plunger as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that: first canister unit (210) includes
Top (211) and lower part (212), lower part (212) internal diameter is greater than top (211) internal diameter and forms step structure, under described
Plunger cylinder (300) at least partly outer wall and the second canister unit (220) inner wall are cooperatively connected, and in the lower plunger barrel body
(300) limiting slot (400) are formed between upper surface and the step structure.
7. gas well Auto-drainage plunger as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the by-pass (500) at least there are two,
Each by-pass (500) is along the second canister unit (220) radial equipartition.
8. the gas well Auto-drainage plunger as described in one of claim 1 to 7, it is characterised in that: first canister unit
(210) outer wall is equipped with the annular groove (213) being spaced apart.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610952642.0A CN106522898B (en) | 2016-11-02 | 2016-11-02 | Gas well Auto-drainage plunger |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610952642.0A CN106522898B (en) | 2016-11-02 | 2016-11-02 | Gas well Auto-drainage plunger |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN106522898A CN106522898A (en) | 2017-03-22 |
| CN106522898B true CN106522898B (en) | 2019-05-17 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610952642.0A Active CN106522898B (en) | 2016-11-02 | 2016-11-02 | Gas well Auto-drainage plunger |
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| CN112610188B (en) * | 2020-08-07 | 2022-03-22 | 重庆科技学院 | Boosting type water drainage and gas production device for horizontal well zigzag horizontal section |
| CN112377154B (en) * | 2020-11-11 | 2023-02-07 | 中石化石油工程技术服务有限公司 | Automatic drainage device utilizing formation gas through magnetic reversing |
| CN113669240B (en) * | 2021-08-06 | 2023-08-15 | 陕西航天泵阀科技集团有限公司 | Plunger and wellhead gas production system |
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