CN109209305B - Intelligent plunger drainage and production device for gas well and construction method - Google Patents
Intelligent plunger drainage and production device for gas well and construction method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN109209305B CN109209305B CN201811347345.9A CN201811347345A CN109209305B CN 109209305 B CN109209305 B CN 109209305B CN 201811347345 A CN201811347345 A CN 201811347345A CN 109209305 B CN109209305 B CN 109209305B
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- elastic block
- connecting cylinder
- plunger
- block matrix
- gas well
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 74
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims abstract 15
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001174 ascending effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003044 adaptive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/12—Methods or apparatus for controlling the flow of the obtained fluid to or in wells
- E21B43/121—Lifting well fluids
- E21B43/122—Gas lift
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geophysics (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
- Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides an intelligent plunger drainage and production device for a gas well and a construction method thereof, which comprise a salvaging head, an upper elastic block, an upper connecting cylinder, a lower elastic block, a lower connecting cylinder and a liquid nitrogen storage cylinder which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, wherein the lower part of the salvaging head is respectively connected with the upper end and the lower end of an upper elastic block matrix through pins, a plurality of upper springs are arranged between the upper elastic block and the upper elastic block matrix through spring pins, the lower part of the upper connecting cylinder is respectively connected with the upper end and the lower end of the lower elastic block matrix through pins, a plurality of lower springs are arranged between the lower elastic block and the lower elastic block matrix through spring pins, a nitrogen nozzle is arranged at the bottom end of the lower connecting cylinder, the outer wall of the liquid nitrogen storage cylinder is tightly attached to the upper elastic block matrix, the inner walls of the upper connecting cylinder, the lower elastic block matrix and the lower connecting cylinder, a one-way valve is arranged at the top of the liquid nitrogen storage cylinder, and a opening-adjustable switch device is arranged at the bottom.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of natural gas development, and particularly relates to an intelligent plunger drainage and production device for a gas well and a construction method.
Background
With the extension of the production time of the gas well, the yield of the gas well is reduced due to the insufficient formation supply capacity, so that the gas flow rate in the shaft is reduced, the accumulated liquid existing at the bottom of the shaft can not be carried out, and finally, the flooding phenomenon occurs, thereby the gas well is forced to be shut in, and the benefit development of the gas well is greatly influenced. The drainage and gas production processes of the gas well are various, and are respectively suitable for different production stages of the gas well, wherein the plunger drainage and gas production process can fully utilize stratum energy, prolong the self-injection period of the gas well, has low one-time investment and low later maintenance cost, and is a widely used process technology. Because of the requirement of early fracturing reformation, large-drift-diameter gate valves are arranged at the wellhead of a shale gas well, sealing working cylinders are also arranged on a well completion pipe column, and a special shaft structure is adopted, so that three problems are faced when plunger gas lift is implemented: firstly, the wellhead is expanded, the plunger loses righting when running to the wellhead, so that eccentricity is caused, the traditional plunger cannot reach a wellhead trapping device or even cannot run in an oil-collecting pipe, and gas lift of the plunger is interrupted or fails; secondly, the diameter of the well is reduced, a rigid plunger which can normally run in the optical oil pipe cannot pass through the diameter reduction, even accidents occur, and even if the plunger is subjected to shrinkage improvement, a large amount of leakage occurs when the plunger passes through the sealing working cylinder, so that the gas lift of the plunger is meaningless; thirdly, when the stratum energy is reduced and the accumulated liquid in the shaft exceeds the upper end face of the plunger, the stratum energy is simply insufficient to lift the plunger and the liquid column at the upper end of the plunger, and extra measures are needed to activate the gas well. The several problems described above result in failure to meet the operational requirements of shale gas wells using conventional plungers.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems, and provides an intelligent plunger extraction device for a gas well and a construction method thereof, which can effectively prolong the validity period of the implementation of the plunger gas well.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: the utility model provides a gas well intelligence plunger drainage and production device, its characterized in that includes from last down the fishing head that installs in proper order, go up the bullet piece, go up the connecting cylinder, down bullet piece, lower connecting cylinder and liquid nitrogen storage cylinder, the fishing head lower part with go up the connecting cylinder upper portion and link to each other through the upper and lower both ends of pin with last bullet piece base member respectively, go up the upper and lower both ends of bullet piece and link to each other with fishing head bottom and last connecting cylinder top respectively, go up the bullet piece and go up between the bullet piece base member and install several upper springs through the spring pin, go up the connecting cylinder lower part with lower connecting cylinder upper portion links to each other through the upper and lower both ends of pin with lower bullet piece base member respectively, lower bullet piece and lower connecting cylinder top link to each other through the spring pin down, lower connecting cylinder bottom is equipped with the nitrogen spout, the inner wall of going up bullet piece base member, go up the connecting cylinder, lower bullet base member and lower liquid nitrogen storage cylinder installs the check valve, and installs the bottom adjustable switch device.
According to the above scheme, the opening-adjustable switch device comprises a pressure sensor, a speed sensor, a PLC controller and an electric valve, wherein the output ends of the pressure sensor and the speed sensor are connected with the input end of the PLC controller, and the electric valve is connected with the output end of the PLC controller.
According to the scheme, the nitrogen nozzle is of a cone structure.
According to the scheme, the upper elastic block and the lower elastic block are arc-shaped elastic ring pieces with middle protruding outwards, lugs are arranged at the two ends of the upper elastic block and the lower elastic block, step parts are arranged at the bottom end of the fishing head, the two ends of the upper connecting cylinder and the top end of the lower connecting cylinder, and the lugs are matched and clamped with the step parts.
The intelligent plunger drainage and production construction method for the gas well is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
when the formation pressure is reduced, the upper liquid level on the plunger is too high to enable the plunger to effectively ascend, the pressure sensor and the speed sensor transmit signals to the PLC, the PLC controls the valve of the electric valve to be opened, nitrogen is sprayed out from the nitrogen nozzle, the ascending thrust of the plunger is improved, when the nitrogen is consumed in the gas lift process, the plunger is started, and a proper amount of liquid nitrogen is injected into the plunger to be put into use again.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: 1. the intelligent plunger drainage device for the gas well and the construction method thereof can supplement certain energy for the shaft by releasing the liquid nitrogen stored in the device, thereby prolonging the effective period of the gas well for implementing the plunger gas well; 2. the lifting efficiency of the gas well is further improved through the combined design of the two elastic block type plungers capable of shrinking and deforming, and a solution is provided for drainage and gas production of the deformed well in the later production period of the gas well; 3. the intelligent chip arranged in the device can realize automatic detection, storage and calculation analysis of well bottom production, and is beneficial to scientifically diagnosing the production condition of a gas well and sending out instructions; 4. the filling type liquid nitrogen installation is adopted, the operation is convenient, the personnel and device cost required by the gas lift of the conventional plunger in the later period are saved, and the economical efficiency of the plunger extraction technology is further improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
For a better understanding of the present invention, the present invention is further described below with reference to the drawings and examples.
Aiming at the specific conditions that a well completion pipe column has larger diameter variation and the stratum energy is low and the well shaft is deformed in the later period of gas well production, the invention provides a drainage and production device capable of automatically implementing gas lift and a construction method, not only can the liquid nitrogen stored in an underground plunger device be released through an underground opening-adjustable switch device under the condition that a conventional plunger cannot operate in the later period of gas well production, but also the instantaneous flow of the gas well is increased through a nitrogen nozzle through the gasification expansion of the liquid nitrogen, so that the gas flow rate in the well shaft is improved, the plunger is lifted to the well shaft, and the gas well is rapidly drained. In the production process of the gas well, the underground opening adjustable switch device judges the accumulated liquid condition of the shaft through pressure and speed detection and calculation and analysis, and sends a liquid nitrogen release instruction to open the nitrogen release electric valve, so that the plunger drainage and production capacity is improved, and the stable production of the gas well is realized.
The utility model provides a gas well intelligence plunger drainage and production device, a serial communication port, including from last down the fishing head 1 that installs in proper order, go up bullet 4, go up connecting cylinder 7, down bullet 8, down connecting cylinder 11 and liquid nitrogen storage cylinder 3, the fishing head lower part links to each other through the upper and lower both ends of pin and last bullet piece base member 12 respectively with last connecting cylinder upper and lower both ends, go up the upper and lower both ends of bullet piece and link to each other with fishing head bottom and last connecting cylinder top respectively, install several upper springs 5 through spring pin 6 between last bullet piece and the last bullet piece base member, go up connecting cylinder lower part and down connecting cylinder upper part and link to each other through the upper and lower both ends of pin and lower bullet piece base member 13 respectively, down bullet piece and lower connecting cylinder top link to each other through spring pin, lower connecting cylinder bottom is equipped with nitrogen spout 10, the outer wall is tightly pasted and is gone up the bullet base member, go up the connecting cylinder, down bullet base member and the inner wall of connecting cylinder installs down the liquid nitrogen spout 2 down, the storage cylinder top is installed to the liquid nitrogen storage cylinder top is convenient for install the one-way valve and is not to be filled to the bottom 9 can not let out to the opening degree of opening to install.
The opening-adjustable switching device comprises a pressure sensor, a speed sensor, a PLC controller and an electric valve, wherein the output ends of the pressure sensor and the speed sensor are connected with the input end of the PLC controller, and the electric valve is connected with the output end of the PLC controller.
The nitrogen nozzle is of a cone structure.
The upper elastic block and the lower elastic block are arc elastic ring pieces with middle protruding outwards, lugs are arranged at the two ends of the upper elastic block and the lower elastic block, step parts are arranged at the bottom end of the fishing head, the two ends of the upper connecting cylinder and the top end of the lower connecting cylinder, and the lugs are matched and clamped with the step parts. When the upper spring and the lower spring are not acted by external force, the upper spring and the lower spring jack the spring outwards, so that the upper plunger spring and the lower plunger spring are attached to the inner wall of the tubular column, and certain tightness is formed; when the plunger piston is in a place with a diameter reduction, the upper spring block is compressed towards one side of the central tube under the action of external force, the upper spring is in a compressed state, and at the moment, the lower plunger piston spring block and the inner wall of the tubular column form good tightness without being influenced; when the upper plunger passes through the diameter reduction part, the upper plunger spring block ejects out, so that better tightness is ensured, and the lower plunger can also pass through the diameter reduction part smoothly.
The upper part of the salvaging head is provided with a boss mechanism which is mainly used for taking out the downhole tool by using steel wire operation when the plunger is in abnormal conditions such as sand blocking and the like.
The implementation steps of the invention are as follows: shale gas well installation steel wire operation lubricator for implementing plunger drainage is needed, and a proper well gauge is adopted to connect a well tool string and a well to the plunger running depth according to the size of a downhole production string, the drift diameter of a wellhead gas production device and the size parameter of a plunger. If the well can be normally cleared to the designed depth, an adaptive clamping device is put into the well, a gas production wellhead device is installed, the electrified process transformation of a ground control device is completed, a plunger is put into the catcher, after the production process is determined to be poured into place, a well valve is fully opened, a catcher switch is opened, and the plunger automatically falls into the well. When the wellhead closing casing pressure reaches the opening pressure, the plunger controller opens the film valve through a pneumatic pressure signal to perform the opening production. In the later stage, in the lifting process, when the stratum pressure is reduced, the upper liquid level on the plunger is too high to enable the plunger to effectively ascend, a signal is transmitted to the PLC by the pressure sensor and the speed sensor, the valve of the electric valve is controlled to be opened by the PLC, nitrogen is sprayed out from the nitrogen nozzle, the ascending thrust of the plunger is improved, when the nitrogen is consumed in the gas lifting process, the plunger is lifted, and a proper amount of liquid nitrogen is injected into the plunger to be put into use again.
Claims (3)
1. The intelligent plunger drainage and production device for the gas well is characterized by comprising a salvaging head, an upper elastic block, an upper connecting cylinder, a lower elastic block and a lower connecting cylinder which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, wherein the lower part of the salvaging head is connected with the upper end and the lower end of an upper elastic block matrix in the upper elastic block respectively through pins, the upper end and the lower end of the upper elastic block are respectively connected with the bottom end of the salvaging head and the top end of the upper connecting cylinder, a plurality of upper springs are arranged between the upper elastic block and the upper elastic block matrix through spring pins, the lower part of the upper connecting cylinder is connected with the upper end and the lower end of the lower elastic block matrix respectively through pins, the upper end and the lower end of the lower elastic block matrix are respectively connected with the bottom end of the upper connecting cylinder and the top end of the lower connecting cylinder, a plurality of lower springs are respectively arranged between the upper elastic block matrix, the upper connecting cylinder, the lower elastic block matrix and the lower connecting cylinder, a cavity formed by the upper elastic block matrix and the lower connecting cylinder is internally provided with a liquid nitrogen storage cylinder, the bottom end of the lower connecting cylinder is provided with a nitrogen nozzle, the outer wall of the liquid nitrogen storage cylinder is tightly attached to the inner wall of the upper elastic block matrix, the inner wall of the upper elastic block matrix is tightly provided with a switch, the opening degree of the lower connecting cylinder is provided with a switch, and the opening degree of the opening of the liquid nitrogen storage device is arranged at the bottom of the storage device; the opening-adjustable switching device comprises a pressure sensor, a speed sensor, a PLC (programmable logic controller) and an electric valve, wherein the output ends of the pressure sensor and the speed sensor are connected with the input end of the PLC, and the electric valve is connected with the output end of the PLC; the nitrogen nozzle is of a cone structure.
2. The intelligent plunger drainage and production device for the gas well according to claim 1, wherein the upper elastic block and the lower elastic block are arc-shaped elastic ring pieces with middle protruding outwards, lugs are arranged at two ends of the upper elastic block and the lower elastic block, step parts are arranged at the bottom end of the fishing head, two ends of the upper connecting cylinder and the top end of the lower connecting cylinder, and the lugs are connected with the step parts in a matched and clamped mode.
3. The drainage construction method adopting the intelligent plunger drainage device for the gas well is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
when the formation pressure is reduced, the upper liquid level on the plunger is too high to enable the plunger to effectively ascend, the pressure sensor and the speed sensor transmit signals to the PLC, the PLC controls the valve of the electric valve to be opened, nitrogen is sprayed out from the nitrogen nozzle, the ascending thrust of the plunger is improved, when the nitrogen is consumed in the gas lift process, the plunger is started, and a proper amount of liquid nitrogen is injected into the plunger to be put into use again.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811347345.9A CN109209305B (en) | 2018-11-13 | 2018-11-13 | Intelligent plunger drainage and production device for gas well and construction method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811347345.9A CN109209305B (en) | 2018-11-13 | 2018-11-13 | Intelligent plunger drainage and production device for gas well and construction method |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN109209305A CN109209305A (en) | 2019-01-15 |
| CN109209305B true CN109209305B (en) | 2023-10-13 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201811347345.9A Active CN109209305B (en) | 2018-11-13 | 2018-11-13 | Intelligent plunger drainage and production device for gas well and construction method |
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| CN111188600B (en) * | 2019-11-18 | 2023-08-11 | 西安思坦仪器股份有限公司 | Intelligent plunger control device and control method thereof |
| US11261713B2 (en) | 2020-05-21 | 2022-03-01 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Jetting plunger for plunger lift applications |
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| CN113757101B (en) * | 2021-11-08 | 2022-01-11 | 西南石油大学 | Integral type components of a whole that can function independently plunger of adjustable falling speed |
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| CN106761603A (en) * | 2016-12-29 | 2017-05-31 | 中国海洋石油总公司 | A kind of high-pressure opening gas lift valve suitable for deepwater |
| CN106930715A (en) * | 2017-05-15 | 2017-07-07 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Oil-water well self-propelled nitrogen negative pressure returns row casting and dragging free device and its application method |
| CN107916913A (en) * | 2017-08-24 | 2018-04-17 | 西安石油大学 | A kind of self-adaptive pressure sliding sleeve controls formula gas well intelligence continuous drainage gas production plunger |
| CN107701154A (en) * | 2017-10-26 | 2018-02-16 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Plunger for gas lift |
| CN108518204A (en) * | 2018-03-20 | 2018-09-11 | 四川理工学院 | A kind of gap gas lift liquid drainage gas production control method and system |
| CN209228345U (en) * | 2018-11-13 | 2019-08-09 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司江汉油田分公司石油工程技术研究院 | A kind of gas well Intelligent Plunger mining device |
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