CN110845677A - 一种呋虫胺分子印迹材料及应用 - Google Patents

一种呋虫胺分子印迹材料及应用 Download PDF

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CN110845677A
CN110845677A CN201911064624.9A CN201911064624A CN110845677A CN 110845677 A CN110845677 A CN 110845677A CN 201911064624 A CN201911064624 A CN 201911064624A CN 110845677 A CN110845677 A CN 110845677A
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崔新仪
郑晓娟
李宁
包欢新
李海涛
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Tianjin Agricultural University
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Abstract

本发明公开一种呋虫胺分子印迹材料,其制备步骤如下:⑴SiO2的表面改性;⑵硅胶颗粒表面的接枝聚合;⑶呋虫胺硅胶分子印迹聚合物的制备。本分子印迹材料具有专一性,净化效率高,具有农药残留的净化作用,能够对基质中的呋虫胺农药残留进行富集。

Description

一种呋虫胺分子印迹材料及应用
技术领域
本发明属于分子印迹材料技术领域,尤其是一种呋虫胺分子印迹材料及应用。
背景技术
呋虫胺是一种新烟碱类杀虫剂,是由日本三井化学公司研发的第三代烟碱类杀虫剂,与现有的烟碱类杀虫剂结构相比,它的四氢呋喃基取代了以前的氯代吡啶基、氯代噻唑基,并不含卤族元素。呋虫胺杀虫广谱,主要作用于昆虫的乙酰胆碱受体,阻断正常的神经传递,从而使昆虫死亡,自2002年上市后便广泛用于防治水稻、蔬菜和水果上的各种害虫,如飞虱、蚜虫、叶蝉等。由于它特殊的杀虫机理和广谱性,呋虫胺的登记正处于活跃的登记状态,截止2017年7月底,我国批准登记的呋虫胺产品已达78个,到2018年又新增了12个正式登记证。农户广泛的使用是必然之趋势,为有效监测蔬菜中呋虫胺的残留情况,保障群众的消费安全,急需建立蔬菜中呋虫胺的快速检测方法。
现在呋虫胺农药残留检测方法有很多种,如固相萃取技术、固相微萃取技术、超临界流体萃取技术、索氏提取技术及微波辅助萃取技术等,这些方法都需要进行样品前处理,主要包括样品中目标待测物的提取、分离、除杂及富集。在前处理过程中极易受样品基质的干扰。以至于会产生不好的影响,如:①对色谱柱产生影响;②使机器寿命缩短;③产生的杂峰的数量多;④产生的基线不稳;⑤回收率低等。由于普通材料通常不能对专一农药物质进行特异性识别,不适用于部分农药残留的检测分析。因此,研究开发灵敏度高、选择性和专一性强的前处理材料具有重要的意义。
分子印迹技术是指将模板分子与功能单体采用共价或非共价结合力结合。在交联剂作用下共聚制备聚合物,该聚合物能够高选择性识别复杂样品中的印迹分子。分子印迹聚合物(molecularly imprintepolymers,MIPs)是一类被精心裁制的功能聚合物材料,其内部分布有大量印迹空穴,能够与模板分子相匹配。目前,分子印迹聚合物已被广泛地应用于农药的领域,比如,作为固相萃取介质、色谱固定相填料,模拟抗体进行免疫测定,用于催化模拟,构建各类传感器等。由于MIPs的特异识别能力,不难推断其作为固相萃取吸附剂可以提高选择性。另外,MIPs具有成本低廉、结构稳定等优点,因此可以作为优良的固相萃取介质发挥分离、纯化与富集作用。
目前研究NA-MIPs的报道并不多,因此制备NA-MIPs具有重要的意义。
通过检索,尚未发现与本发明专利申请相关的专利公开文献。
发明内容
本发明目的在于克服现有技术中的不足之处,提供一种呋虫胺分子印迹材料及应用,该分子印迹材料具有专一性,净化效率高,具有农药残留的净化作用,能够对基质中的呋虫胺农药残留进行富集。
本发明解决其技术问题所采用的技术方案是:
一种呋虫胺分子印迹材料,其制备步骤如下:
⑴SiO2的表面改性
将用盐酸活化的SiO2颗粒和3-(异丁烯酰氧)丙基三甲氧基硅烷加入乙醇-水的混合溶剂中进行改性,改性反应在65℃-80℃下进行24h-30h;然后,将产物用无水乙醇提取24h以除去吸附在硅胶表面上的杂质,获得表面改性硅胶颗粒;
其中,所述SiO2颗粒:3-(异丁烯酰氧)丙基三甲氧基硅烷:乙醇-水混合溶剂的比例g:mL:mL为2-4:2.5-5:90-130,所述乙醇:水的体积比为1-3:1-3;
⑵硅胶颗粒表面的接枝聚合
将改性后的硅胶颗粒和羟乙基丙烯酸甲酯加入到水中,通过在N2保护下加入引发剂偶氮二异丁腈在65℃-80℃下进行5-7h接枝聚合,所述硅胶颗粒:羟乙基丙烯酸甲酯:水:偶氮二异丁腈的比例g:mL:mL:mg为2:7:150:30;所得颗粒产物用无水乙醇提取24h-30h以除去吸附在硅胶表面上的聚合物,经过真空干燥后,得到了聚羟乙基丙烯酸甲酯/SiO2接枝颗粒;
⑶呋虫胺硅胶分子印迹聚合物的制备
将聚羟乙基丙烯酸甲酯/SiO2加入10mmol/L甲醇-乙腈呋虫胺模板分子混合溶液中,将混合物在25℃下振荡6小时,直到硅胶颗粒完全溶胀,然后抽滤,真空干燥,即得吸附有模板分子的聚羟乙基丙烯酸甲酯/SiO2颗粒;其中,所述聚羟乙基丙烯酸甲酯/SiO2:呋虫胺模板分子混合溶液的比例g:mL为2-5:50-80;
将吸附有模板分子的聚羟乙基丙烯酸甲酯/SiO2颗粒置于含4mmol/L呋虫胺的50%甲醇水溶液中,将溶液的pH值调节至pH5-pH8.0,并加入交联剂,反应在50℃下进行8h,反应结束后,用甲醇/冰醋酸溶液反复洗涤,以除去模板分子呋虫胺,最后用蒸馏水洗至中性,抽滤,真空干燥,即得呋虫胺分子印迹材料;
其中,所述吸附有模板分子的聚羟乙基丙烯酸甲酯/SiO2颗粒:含4mmol/L呋虫胺的50%甲醇水溶液:交联剂的比例g:mL:mL为2:50:2.5;
所述甲醇:冰醋酸的体积比为9∶1。
而且,所述步骤⑴中改性反应在装有电动搅拌器、回流冷凝管及温度计的三口烧瓶中反应。
而且,所述步骤⑴、⑵中在索氏提取器中用无水乙醇提取。
而且,所述步骤⑶中交联剂为四乙氧基硅烷。
如上所述的呋虫胺分子印迹材料在农药残留净化方面中的应用。
如上所述的呋虫胺分子印迹材料在呋虫胺农药残留富集方面中的应用。
如上所述的呋虫胺分子印迹材料在蔬菜和水果中呋虫胺的含量测定方面中的应用。
本发明取得的优点和积极效果为:
1、本发明呋虫胺分子印迹材料具有专一性,净化效率高,具有农药残留的净化作用,能够对基质中的呋虫胺农药残留进行富集。
2、本发明以呋虫胺为模板分子,以硅胶为载体,羟乙基丙烯酸甲酯为功能单体,、偶氮二异丁腈(AINB)为引发剂,四乙氧基硅烷为交联剂通过在硅胶表面接枝上偶氮活性基团,制备了硅胶表面分子印迹聚合物,考察其对呋虫胺的吸附行为,并作为固相萃取介质实现了对植物中呋虫胺的分离和纯化,类似研究尚未见文献报道。
3、饱和吸附量分别为67.2mg/g,相对选择性系数分别为2.6。在最佳条件下,本方法的线性范围为0.01~3.0mg/L(R2>0.998),检出限(S/N=3)为0.001~0.002mg/L。将本方法应用于蔬菜和水果中呋虫胺的含量测定,回收率在85.1%~95.1%范围内,相对标准偏差小于4.1%。
附图说明
图1为本发明中不同实验阶段材料的扫描电镜图;其中,A为未活化的硅胶电镜图,B为酸化后的硅胶电镜图,C为聚羟乙基丙烯酸甲酯-SiO2接枝颗粒电镜图,D为呋虫胺硅胶分子印迹聚合物电镜图;
图2为本发明中未经处理的硅胶红外光谱图;
图3为本发明中呋虫胺分子印迹材料的红外光谱图。
具体实施方式
下面详细叙述本发明的实施例,需要说明的是,本实施例是叙述性的,不是限定性的,不能以此限定本发明的保护范围。
本发明中所使用的原料,如无特殊说明,均为常规的市售产品;本发明中所使用的方法,如无特殊说明,均为本领域的常规方法。
实施例1
一种呋虫胺分子印迹材料,其制备步骤如下:
⑴SiO2的表面改性
将用盐酸活化的SiO2颗粒和3-(异丁烯酰氧)丙基三甲氧基硅烷加入乙醇-水的混合溶剂中进行改性,改性反应在65℃-80℃下进行24h-30h;然后,将产物用无水乙醇提取24h以除去吸附在硅胶表面上的杂质,获得表面改性硅胶颗粒;
其中,所述SiO2颗粒:3-(异丁烯酰氧)丙基三甲氧基硅烷:乙醇-水混合溶剂的比例g:mL:mL为2-4:2.5-5:90-130,所述乙醇:水的体积比为1-3:1-3;
⑵硅胶颗粒表面的接枝聚合
将改性后的硅胶颗粒和羟乙基丙烯酸甲酯加入到水中,通过在N2保护下加入引发剂偶氮二异丁腈在65℃-80℃下进行5-7h接枝聚合,所述硅胶颗粒:羟乙基丙烯酸甲酯:水:偶氮二异丁腈的比例g:mL:mL:mg为2:7:150:30;所得颗粒产物用无水乙醇提取24h-30h以除去吸附在硅胶表面上的聚合物,经过真空干燥后,得到了聚羟乙基丙烯酸甲酯/SiO2接枝颗粒;
⑶呋虫胺硅胶分子印迹聚合物的制备
将聚羟乙基丙烯酸甲酯/SiO2加入10mmol/L甲醇-乙腈呋虫胺模板分子混合溶液中,将混合物在25℃下振荡6小时,直到硅胶颗粒完全溶胀,然后抽滤,真空干燥,即得吸附有模板分子的聚羟乙基丙烯酸甲酯/SiO2颗粒;其中,所述聚羟乙基丙烯酸甲酯/SiO2:呋虫胺模板分子混合溶液的比例g:mL为2-5:50-80;
将吸附有模板分子的聚羟乙基丙烯酸甲酯/SiO2颗粒置于含4mmol/L呋虫胺的50%甲醇水溶液中,将溶液的pH值调节至pH5-pH8.0,并加入交联剂,反应在50℃下进行8h,反应结束后,用甲醇/冰醋酸溶液反复洗涤,以除去模板分子呋虫胺,最后用蒸馏水洗至中性,抽滤,真空干燥,即得呋虫胺分子印迹材料;
其中,所述吸附有模板分子的聚羟乙基丙烯酸甲酯/SiO2颗粒:含4mmol/L呋虫胺的50%甲醇水溶液:交联剂的比例g:mL:mL为2:50:2.5;
所述甲醇:冰醋酸的体积比为9∶1。
较优地,所述步骤⑴中改性反应在装有电动搅拌器、回流冷凝管及温度计的三口烧瓶中反应。
较优地,所述步骤⑴、⑵中在索氏提取器中用无水乙醇提取。
较优地,所述步骤⑶中交联剂为四乙氧基硅烷。
如上所述的呋虫胺分子印迹材料在农药残留净化方面中的应用。
如上所述的呋虫胺分子印迹材料在呋虫胺农药残留富集方面中的应用。
如上所述的呋虫胺分子印迹材料在蔬菜和水果中呋虫胺的含量测定方面中的应用。
实施例2
一种呋虫胺分子印迹材料,其制备步骤如下:
(1)SiO2的表面改性
在装有电动搅拌器、回流冷凝管及温度计的三口烧瓶中,将用盐酸活化的SiO2颗粒和3-(异丁烯酰氧)丙基三甲氧基硅烷加入乙醇-水的混合溶剂中进行改性,改性反应在65℃-80℃下进行24h-30h;然后,将产物用无水乙醇提取24h以除去吸附在硅胶表面上的杂质,获得表面改性硅胶颗粒;
其中,所述SiO2颗粒:3-(异丁烯酰氧)丙基三甲氧基硅烷:乙醇-水混合溶剂的比例g:mL:mL为2-4:2.5-5:90-130,所述乙醇:水的体积比为1-3:1-3。
(2)硅胶颗粒表面的接枝聚合
将2.00g改性后的硅胶颗粒和7mL羟乙基丙烯酸甲酯加入到150mL水中,通过在N2保护下加入引发剂偶氮二异丁腈30mg在70℃下进行7h接枝聚合。所得颗粒产物在索氏提取器中用无水乙醇提取24h以除去吸附在硅胶表面上的聚合物。经过真空干燥后,得到了聚羟乙基丙烯酸甲酯/SiO2接枝颗粒。
(3)呋虫胺硅胶分子印迹聚合物的制备
将2.00g聚羟乙基丙烯酸甲酯/SiO2加入50mL10mmol/L甲醇-乙腈(5:5,v/v)呋虫胺模板分子混合溶液中。将混合物在25℃下振荡6小时,直到颗粒完全溶胀,然后抽滤,真空干燥。将2.00g吸附有模板分子的聚羟乙基丙烯酸甲酯/SiO2颗粒置于50mL4mmol/L呋虫胺在50%甲醇水溶液溶液中。将溶液的pH值调节至pH8.0,并加入2.5mL的交联剂(四乙氧基硅烷)。反应在50℃下进行8h。反应结束后,用甲醇/冰醋酸溶液(体积比为9∶1)反复洗涤,以除去模板分子呋虫胺。最后用蒸馏水洗至中性,抽滤,真空干燥,即得呋虫胺分子印记材料。
本发明的相关检测:
饱和吸附量分别为67.2mg/g,相对选择性系数分别为2.6。在最佳条件下,本呋虫胺分子印迹材料的线性范围为0.01~3.0mg/L(R2>0.998),检出限(S/N=3)为0.001~0.002mg/L。将本方法应用于蔬菜和水果中呋虫胺的含量测定,回收率在85.1%~95.1%范围内,相对标准偏差小于4.1%。
图1为本发明中不同实验阶段材料的扫描电镜图;其中,A为未活化的硅胶电镜图,B为酸化后的硅胶电镜图,C为聚羟乙基丙烯酸甲酯-SiO2接枝颗粒电镜图,D为呋虫胺硅胶分子印迹聚合物电镜图。
图2为本发明中未经处理的硅胶红外光谱图;在1101cm-1处的吸收峰可能是由Si-O-Si振动产生。
图3为本发明中呋虫胺分子印迹材料的红外光谱图,在2952cm-1处有C-H的伸缩振动峰,可能是由羟乙基丙烯酸甲酯在枝节反应带入的甲基产生的,在1731cm-1处有强烈的C=O的伸缩振动峰,在1448cm-1处的吸收峰可能是C=C的伸缩振动产生,说明在硅胶表面成功接枝呋虫胺分子。
尽管为说明目的公开了本发明的实施例,但是本领域的技术人员可以理解:在不脱离本发明及所附权利要求的精神和范围内,各种替换、变化和修改都是可能的,因此,本发明的范围不局限于实施例和附图所公开的内容。

Claims (7)

1.一种呋虫胺分子印迹材料,其特征在于:其制备步骤如下:
⑴SiO2的表面改性
将用盐酸活化的SiO2颗粒和3-(异丁烯酰氧)丙基三甲氧基硅烷加入乙醇-水的混合溶剂中进行改性,改性反应在65℃-80℃下进行24h-30h;然后,将产物用无水乙醇提取24h以除去吸附在硅胶表面上的杂质,获得表面改性硅胶颗粒;
其中,所述SiO2颗粒:3-(异丁烯酰氧)丙基三甲氧基硅烷:乙醇-水混合溶剂的比例g:mL:mL为2-4:2.5-5:90-130,所述乙醇:水的体积比为1-3:1-3;
⑵硅胶颗粒表面的接枝聚合
将改性后的硅胶颗粒和羟乙基丙烯酸甲酯加入到水中,通过在N2保护下加入引发剂偶氮二异丁腈在65℃-80℃下进行5-7h接枝聚合,所述硅胶颗粒:羟乙基丙烯酸甲酯:水:偶氮二异丁腈的比例g:mL:mL:mg为2:7:150:30;所得颗粒产物用无水乙醇提取24h-30h以除去吸附在硅胶表面上的聚合物,经过真空干燥后,得到了聚羟乙基丙烯酸甲酯/SiO2接枝颗粒;
⑶呋虫胺硅胶分子印迹聚合物的制备
将聚羟乙基丙烯酸甲酯/SiO2加入10mmol/L甲醇-乙腈呋虫胺模板分子混合溶液中,将混合物在25℃下振荡6小时,直到硅胶颗粒完全溶胀,然后抽滤,真空干燥,即得吸附有模板分子的聚羟乙基丙烯酸甲酯/SiO2颗粒;其中,所述聚羟乙基丙烯酸甲酯/SiO2:呋虫胺模板分子混合溶液的比例g:mL为2-5:50-80;
将吸附有模板分子的聚羟乙基丙烯酸甲酯/SiO2颗粒置于含4mmol/L呋虫胺的50%甲醇水溶液中,将溶液的pH值调节至pH5-pH8.0,并加入交联剂,反应在50℃下进行8h,反应结束后,用甲醇/冰醋酸溶液反复洗涤,以除去模板分子呋虫胺,最后用蒸馏水洗至中性,抽滤,真空干燥,即得呋虫胺分子印迹材料;
其中,所述吸附有模板分子的聚羟乙基丙烯酸甲酯/SiO2颗粒:含4mmol/L呋虫胺的50%甲醇水溶液:交联剂的比例g:mL:mL为2:50:2.5;
所述甲醇:冰醋酸的体积比为9∶1。
2.根据权利要求1所述的呋虫胺分子印迹材料,其特征在于:所述步骤⑴中改性反应在装有电动搅拌器、回流冷凝管及温度计的三口烧瓶中反应。
3.根据权利要求1所述的呋虫胺分子印迹材料,其特征在于:所述步骤⑴、⑵中在索氏提取器中用无水乙醇提取。
4.根据权利要求1至3任一项所述的呋虫胺分子印迹材料,其特征在于:所述步骤⑶中交联剂为四乙氧基硅烷。
5.如权利要求1至4任一项所述的呋虫胺分子印迹材料在农药残留净化方面中的应用。
6.如权利要求1至4任一项所述的呋虫胺分子印迹材料在呋虫胺农药残留富集方面中的应用。
7.如权利要求1至4任一项所述的呋虫胺分子印迹材料在蔬菜和水果中呋虫胺的含量测定方面中的应用。
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