CN110839481A - Mushroom culture medium and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of mushroom culture, and particularly relates to a mushroom culture medium and a preparation method thereof. By adding the honeysuckle extracting solution, the organic waste fermentation product, the plant ash and the trehalose, the lentinus edodes cultured by the prepared lentinus edodes culture medium has thick meat quality, full fragrance, quick growth and rich nutrition.

Description

Mushroom culture medium and preparation method thereof

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of mushroom culture, and particularly relates to a mushroom culture medium and a preparation method thereof.

Background

The mushroom is also called flower mushroom and winter mushroom and is the second edible mushroom in the world. The shiitake mushroom is rich in nutrition, is rich in vitamin B group, vitamin D, ferrum, potassium and other elements, has high medicinal value, and can prevent coronary heart disease, obesity, chondropathy and other diseases. The lentinus edodes is planted in China at a certain scale, at present, the common culture medium raw materials of the lentinus edodes are wood chips, cottonseed hulls and the like, along with the increase of the demand of the market for the lentinus edodes, the popularization of the bag cultivation method of the lentinus edodes and the gradual maturity of the cultivation technology, more and more farmers put into the production of the bag cultivation lentinus edodes, the prices of the cottonseed hulls and the wood chips are continuously increased, the production cost of the cultivated lentinus edodes is higher and higher, and the culture medium made of the wood chips and the cottonseed hulls cannot sufficiently provide sufficient nutrient substances for the growth of the lentinus edodes.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a compound bacterium fermented mushroom sauce and a preparation method thereof to solve the problems.

The method is realized by the following technical scheme:

the mushroom culture medium comprises the following components in parts by weight: 13-17 parts of bean cake powder, 15-20 parts of honeysuckle extracting solution, 9-11 parts of organic waste fermentation product, 7-12 parts of plant ash, 5-8 parts of trehalose and 3-6 parts of EDTA;

further, the preparation method of the honeysuckle extract comprises the following steps:

a. shearing fresh honeysuckle rattan, removing the peel, and grinding the rattan and 30% of distilled water by weight to obtain honeysuckle rattan slurry;

b. adding organic solvent mixed liquor into the honeysuckle rattan slurry, leaching for 7-12h, and filtering to obtain filtrate;

c. adding ethyl acetate with the mass of 2 times of the filtrate, refluxing and extracting for 3-4h, and then carrying out reduced pressure distillation to obtain an extracting solution;

d. adding 5-13% of fresh flos Lonicerae petal into the extractive solution to obtain flos Lonicerae extractive solution;

further, the organic solvent mixed solution is formed by mixing 65-75% ethanol solution and acetone solution, and the weight of the mixed solution is the same as that of the honeysuckle rattan slurry;

further, the organic waste fermentation product comprises the following components in parts by weight: 30-37 parts of straw, 14-21 parts of cow and sheep manure and 12-17 parts of traditional Chinese medicine residues;

further, the preparation method of the organic waste fermentation product comprises the following steps: drying and grinding the straws and the cattle and sheep manure, and mixing the ground powder with the traditional Chinese medicine residues for fermentation to obtain the feed;

further, the fermentation temperature is 35-42 ℃, and the fermentation time is 21-28 h;

further, the manufacturing method comprises the following steps:

a. uniformly mixing the bean cake powder with plant ash and EDTA, and performing microwave radiation for 30-45s at the power of 1000-;

b. and d, dissolving trehalose in the honeysuckle extracting solution, mixing the dissolved trehalose with the mixture obtained in the step a and the organic waste fermentation product, and preparing the mixture into a required shape.

In conclusion, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: according to the invention, the honeysuckle extract, the organic waste fermentation product, the plant ash and the trehalose are added, so that the shiitake cultured by the prepared shiitake culture medium has thick meat quality, full fragrance, rapid growth and rich nutrition.

The honeysuckle rattan is extracted, and fresh honeysuckle petals are added into the extracting solution, so that the beneficial substances rich in the honeysuckle rattan provide rich nutrition for the growth of the mushroom, the contained lignin provides good power for the early growth of the mushroom, the ligninase is efficiently expressed in the mycelium stage of the mushroom, and the mushroom can absorb enough carbon nutrition through the decomposition of the lignin in the honeysuckle extracting solution; the fresh honeysuckle flower petals are added because the petals can decay slowly in the culture process of the mushroom and can provide required nutrient substances for the later growth of the mushroom. The waste materials such as straw, traditional Chinese medicine residue and the like are fermented, so that sufficient nutrition is provided for the whole growth of the mushroom, and meanwhile, the waste materials are fully utilized. The plant ash plays a role in adjusting the ph of the culture medium, and meanwhile, the culture medium is disinfected, so that the culture medium is not attached by other fungi and shares the nutrition of the shiitake mushrooms. The added trehalose can enhance the resistance of the shiitake mushroom to adverse environments such as high temperature, dehydration, drought, freezing, high permeability, heavy metals, toxic reagents and the like, and the trehalose forms a protective film outside the thalli, so that the protective film can play a better role in nonspecific cell protection, biological films, proteins and the like can be prevented from being damaged in adverse environments, and the thalli can be free from the influence of metabolites of the thalli.

Detailed Description

The following is a detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments, and any modifications or substitutions in the basic spirit of the embodiments are included in the scope of the present invention as claimed in the claims.

Example 1

The mushroom culture medium comprises the following components in parts by weight: 15 parts of bean cake powder, 17 parts of honeysuckle extracting solution, 10 parts of organic waste leavening, 10 parts of plant ash, 6 parts of trehalose and 5 parts of EDTA;

further, the preparation method of the honeysuckle extract comprises the following steps:

a. shearing fresh honeysuckle rattan, removing the peel, and grinding the rattan and 30% of distilled water by weight to obtain honeysuckle rattan slurry;

b. adding an organic solvent mixed solution into the honeysuckle rattan slurry, leaching for 10 hours, and filtering to obtain a filtrate;

c. adding ethyl acetate with the mass of 2 times of the filtrate, refluxing and extracting for 4 hours, and then carrying out reduced pressure distillation to obtain an extracting solution;

d. adding 9% of fresh honeysuckle flower petals into the extracting solution to obtain honeysuckle extracting solution;

further, the organic solvent mixed solution is formed by mixing an ethanol solution with the concentration of 70% and an acetone solution, and the weight of the mixed solution is the same as that of the honeysuckle rattan slurry;

further, the organic waste fermentation product comprises the following components in parts by weight: 34 parts of straw, 17 parts of cattle and sheep manure and 15 parts of traditional Chinese medicine residues;

further, the preparation method of the organic waste fermentation product comprises the following steps: drying and grinding the straws and the cattle and sheep manure, and mixing the ground powder with the traditional Chinese medicine residues for fermentation to obtain the feed;

further, the fermentation temperature is 38 ℃, and the fermentation time is 25 h;

further, the manufacturing method comprises the following steps:

a. uniformly mixing the bean cake powder with plant ash and EDTA, and performing microwave radiation for 37s at the power of 1100W;

b. and d, dissolving trehalose in the honeysuckle extracting solution, mixing the dissolved trehalose with the mixture obtained in the step a and the organic waste fermentation product, and preparing the mixture into a required shape.

Example 2

The mushroom culture medium comprises the following components in parts by weight: 17 parts of bean cake powder, 20 parts of honeysuckle extracting solution, 11 parts of organic waste leavening, 12 parts of plant ash, 8 parts of trehalose and 6 parts of EDTA;

further, the preparation method of the honeysuckle extract comprises the following steps:

a. shearing fresh honeysuckle rattan, removing the peel, and grinding the rattan and 30% of distilled water by weight to obtain honeysuckle rattan slurry;

b. adding an organic solvent mixed solution into the honeysuckle rattan slurry, leaching for 12h, and filtering to obtain a filtrate;

c. adding ethyl acetate with the mass of 2 times of the filtrate, refluxing and extracting for 4 hours, and then carrying out reduced pressure distillation to obtain an extracting solution;

d. adding 13% of fresh honeysuckle petals into the extracting solution to obtain honeysuckle extracting solution;

further, the organic solvent mixed solution is formed by mixing 75% ethanol solution and acetone solution, and the weight of the mixed solution is the same as that of the honeysuckle rattan slurry;

further, the organic waste fermentation product comprises the following components in parts by weight: 37 parts of straw, 21 parts of cow and sheep manure and 17 parts of traditional Chinese medicine residues;

further, the preparation method of the organic waste fermentation product comprises the following steps: drying and grinding the straws and the cattle and sheep manure, and mixing the ground powder with the traditional Chinese medicine residues for fermentation to obtain the feed;

further, the fermentation temperature is 42 ℃, and the fermentation time is 28 h;

further, the manufacturing method comprises the following steps:

a. uniformly mixing the bean cake powder with plant ash and EDTA, and performing microwave radiation for 45s at the power of 1200W;

b. and d, dissolving trehalose in the honeysuckle extracting solution, mixing the dissolved trehalose with the mixture obtained in the step a and the organic waste fermentation product, and preparing the mixture into a required shape.

Example 3

The mushroom culture medium comprises the following components in parts by weight: 13 parts of bean cake powder, 15 parts of honeysuckle extracting solution, 9 parts of organic waste leavening, 7 parts of plant ash, 5 parts of trehalose and 3 parts of EDTA;

further, the preparation method of the honeysuckle extract comprises the following steps:

a. shearing fresh honeysuckle rattan, removing the peel, and grinding the rattan and 30% of distilled water by weight to obtain honeysuckle rattan slurry;

b. adding an organic solvent mixed solution into the honeysuckle rattan slurry, leaching for 7 hours, and filtering to obtain a filtrate;

c. adding ethyl acetate with the mass of 2 times of the filtrate, refluxing and extracting for 3 hours, and then carrying out reduced pressure distillation to obtain an extracting solution;

d. adding 5% of fresh honeysuckle flower petals into the extracting solution to obtain honeysuckle extracting solution;

further, the organic solvent mixed solution is formed by mixing 65% ethanol solution and acetone solution, and the weight of the mixed solution is the same as that of the honeysuckle rattan slurry;

further, the organic waste fermentation product comprises the following components in parts by weight: 30 parts of straw, 14 parts of cow and sheep manure and 12 parts of traditional Chinese medicine residues;

further, the preparation method of the organic waste fermentation product comprises the following steps: drying and grinding the straws and the cattle and sheep manure, and mixing the ground powder with the traditional Chinese medicine residues for fermentation to obtain the feed;

further, the fermentation temperature is 35 ℃, and the fermentation time is 21 h;

further, the manufacturing method comprises the following steps:

a. uniformly mixing the bean cake powder with plant ash and EDTA, and performing microwave radiation for 30s at the power of 1000W;

b. and d, dissolving trehalose in the honeysuckle extracting solution, mixing the dissolved trehalose with the mixture obtained in the step a and the organic waste fermentation product, and preparing the mixture into a required shape.

Comparative example 1

In this experiment, the growth of the cultured shiitake mushrooms was observed by mixing only the organic waste materials without performing the fermentation step under the same conditions as in example 1, and the results are shown in table 1 in comparison with example 1.

Comparative example 2

In this experiment, the growth of the cultured shiitake mushroom was observed under the same conditions as in example 1 by replacing trehalose with glucose, and the results of comparison with example 1 are shown in table 1.

Comparative example 3

In this experiment, the growth of the cultured shiitake mushroom was observed by replacing the honeysuckle extract with lignin under the same conditions as in example 1, and the results of comparison with example 1 are shown in table 1.

TABLE 1

Item	Example 1	Comparative example 1	Comparative example 2	Comparative example 3
					Growth vigor of mushroom	++++	+++	++	+++

Claims (7)

1. The mushroom culture medium is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight: 13-17 parts of bean cake powder, 15-20 parts of honeysuckle extracting solution, 9-11 parts of organic waste fermentation product, 7-12 parts of plant ash, 5-8 parts of trehalose and 3-6 parts of EDTA.

2. The mushroom culture medium according to claim 1, wherein the honeysuckle extract is prepared by a method comprising:

a. shearing fresh honeysuckle rattan, removing the peel, and grinding the rattan and 30% of distilled water by weight to obtain honeysuckle rattan slurry;

b. adding organic solvent mixed liquor into the honeysuckle rattan slurry, leaching for 7-12h, and filtering to obtain filtrate;

c. adding ethyl acetate with the mass of 2 times of the filtrate, refluxing and extracting for 3-4h, and then carrying out reduced pressure distillation to obtain an extracting solution;

d. adding 5-13% of fresh flos Lonicerae petal into the extractive solution to obtain flos Lonicerae extractive solution.

3. The mushroom culture medium according to claim 2, wherein the organic solvent mixture is prepared by mixing 65-75% ethanol solution and acetone solution, and the weight of the mixture is the same as that of the honeysuckle rattan slurry.

4. The mushroom culture medium according to claim 1, wherein the organic waste fermentation product comprises the following components in parts by weight: 30-37 parts of straw, 14-21 parts of cow and sheep manure and 12-17 parts of traditional Chinese medicine residues.

5. The mushroom culture medium according to claim 4, wherein the organic waste fermentation product is prepared by: drying and grinding the straws and the cattle and sheep manure, mixing the ground powder with the traditional Chinese medicine residues, and fermenting to obtain the feed.

6. The mushroom culture medium according to claim 5, wherein the fermentation temperature is 35-42 ℃ and the fermentation time is 21-28 h.

7. A preparation method of a mushroom culture medium is characterized by comprising the following steps:

a. uniformly mixing the bean cake powder with plant ash and EDTA, and performing microwave radiation for 30-45s at the power of 1000-;

b. and d, dissolving trehalose in the honeysuckle extracting solution, mixing the dissolved trehalose with the mixture obtained in the step a and the organic waste fermentation product, and preparing the mixture into a required shape.