CN110839455B - 一种防治水稻稻曲病的方法 - Google Patents

一种防治水稻稻曲病的方法 Download PDF

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CN110839455B
CN110839455B CN201911103381.5A CN201911103381A CN110839455B CN 110839455 B CN110839455 B CN 110839455B CN 201911103381 A CN201911103381 A CN 201911103381A CN 110839455 B CN110839455 B CN 110839455B
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rhodopseudomonas palustris
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陈岳
刘勇
张德咏
谭新球
张鑫
李成刚
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
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    • A01N43/04Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom
    • A01N43/14Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom six-membered rings
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Abstract

本发明提供一种防治水稻稻曲病的方法,分别在水稻分蘖期和破口期喷施生物药剂两次,所述的生物药剂由沼泽红假单胞菌LY‑6菌剂和井冈霉素组成;其中沼泽红假单胞菌LY‑6,保藏于中国典型培养物保藏中心,保藏编号为CCTCC NO:M 2014525,该方法可以有效防治水稻稻曲病的发生。

Description

一种防治水稻稻曲病的方法
技术领域
本发明属于农业病害防治领域,具体涉及一种防治水稻稻曲病的方法。
背景技术
我国是农业大国,水稻更是我国重要的粮食来源,因此水稻的质量和病害防治一直以来都是人们所关注的重点问题。稻曲病是当前阶段影响水稻质量的重要病害之一。当稻曲病病发后,不仅会给水稻的产量和质量造成影响,更重要的是会使稻谷上出现病原体,给水稻造成品质影响。
稻曲病是由稻曲病菌引起的一种真菌病害。病菌以菌核在地面越冬,也可以厚垣孢子在被害的谷粒内及健谷颖壳上越冬。水稻主要在抽穗扬花期感染稻曲病,病菌为害穗上部分谷粒。初见颖谷合缝处露出淡黄绿色块状物,后逐渐膨大;最后包裹全部颖壳。对水稻的稻曲病防治,应从多方面来进行分析,并根据实际情况来进行针对性的防治,从而减少病害的出现。
申请人前期研究发现(专利公开号CN108179129 A)沼泽红假单胞菌LY-6菌剂中含有外泌蛋白和代谢产物,可有效防治稻曲病;具有环境友好、对人畜无毒、对作物无药害、施用简单方便等特点。但是单独施用药效较低。
化学药剂防治水稻稻曲病,虽然可以短时间内有效抑制稻曲病的发生,但是长期使用容易使得病原菌对药剂产生抗性,其次化学药剂容易对环境产生影响。现阶段生物防治水稻稻曲病是研究热点,然而一般情况下,与化学药剂相比,生物药剂的防效较低,因此亟需开发一种采用高效的生物药剂防治水稻稻曲病的方法。
发明内容
本发明提供一种防治水稻稻曲病的方法,可以有效防治水稻稻曲病的发生,有效克服现有技术中的不足。
为解决现有技术中存在的问题,本发明提供的如下技术方案:
一种防治水稻稻曲病的方法,其特征在于,分别在水稻分蘖期和破口期喷施生物药剂两次,所述的生物药剂由沼泽红假单胞菌LY-6 菌剂和井冈霉素组成;其中沼泽红假单胞菌LY-6,保藏于中国典型培养物保藏中心,保藏编号为CCTCC NO:M 2014525。
本发明所述的一种防治水稻稻曲病的方法,其特征在于,沼泽红假单胞菌LY-6菌剂中菌浓度为1-9×109cfu/mL;稀释倍数为 1000-3000倍。
本发明所述的一种防治水稻稻曲病的方法,其特征在于,泽红假单胞菌LY-6菌剂中菌浓度为5×109cfu/mL。
本发明所述的一种防治水稻稻曲病的方法,其特征在于,井冈霉素为10%井冈霉素水剂,稀释倍数为1000-3000倍。
一种防治水稻稻曲病的生物药剂,由沼泽红假单胞菌LY-6菌剂和井冈霉素组成,其中泽红假单胞菌LY-6菌剂中菌浓度为5× 109cfu/mL;井冈霉素为10%井冈霉素水剂。
本申请所采用的沼泽红假单胞菌LY-6(Rhodopseudomonas palustris LY-6),保藏于中国典型培养物保藏中心,保藏编号为 CCTCC NO:M 2014525,保藏单位地址位于中国武汉大学,保藏日期为2014年10月29日,该菌株被命名为沼泽红假单胞菌 LY-6(Rhodopseudomonas palustris LY-6)。
所述沼泽红假单胞菌菌剂的制备方法参照CN108179129A的方法进行制备:
(1)活化:将沼泽红假单胞菌LY-6的菌株按双层平板培养法培养至红色单菌落出现;(2)种子培养:将步骤(1)培养的红色单菌落接入至接入至血清瓶中,用光合细菌液体培养基培养至对数生长期得到菌液;(3)生产培养:将步骤(2)种子培养后得到的菌液接种到生产瓶中,用光合细菌生产培养基进行生产培养至对数生长期,即为生防菌剂。
步骤(2)中,种子培养在温度为30℃~32℃、光照条件为 2500Lx~4000Lx、pH为7.0条件下进行。步骤(3)中,生产培养在温度为30℃~32℃、光照条件为2500Lx~4000Lx、pH=7.0条件下进行。步骤(3)中所述菌液的接种量为所述光合细菌菌株生产培养基总体积的5%~10%。
沼泽红假单胞菌菌剂中所述菌浓度为1-9×109cfu/mL。优选的所述菌浓度为5×109cfu/mL
一种本发明的沼泽红假单胞菌LY-6生防菌剂的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)活化:将沼泽红假单胞菌LY-6菌株的保存种按双层平板培养法进行培养,培养至红色单菌落出现;采用的培养基为光合细菌固体培养基,配方为:(NH4)2SO40.1wt%、MgSO40.02wt%、NaHCO30.5wt%、 K2HPO40.05wt%、NaCl 0.02wt%、酵母膏0.15wt%和琼脂1.5wt%,pH=7.0。
(2)种子培养:将步骤(1)培养出得红色单菌落接入至120mL血清瓶中,在温度为30℃~32℃、光照条件为2500Lx~4000Lx、pH=7.0 条件下,用光合细菌液体培养基培养至对数生长期;采用的培养基为光合细菌液体培养基,配方为:(NH4)2SO40.1wt%、MgSO40.02wt%、 NaHCO30.5wt%、K2HPO40.05wt%、NaCl 0.02wt%、酵母膏0.15wt%(均为质量分数),pH=7.0。
(3)生产培养:将步骤(2)种子培养后得到的菌液接种到生产瓶中,用光合细菌生产培养基(培养基成分与上述光合细菌液体培养基一致)进行生产培养,菌液的接种量为所述光合细菌菌株生产培养基总体积的5%,在温度为30℃~32℃、光照条件为2500Lx~4000Lx、 pH=7.0条件下,培养至对数生长期,即制得生防菌剂。
与现有技术相比,本发明具有如下有益效果:
本发明提供的防治水稻稻曲病的方法中,将沼泽红假单胞菌剂和井冈霉素组合施用,对水稻稻曲病产生明显的协同增效作用,可以有效防治水稻稻曲病的发生。
本发明提供的防治水稻稻曲病的方法属于生物防治方法,在有效防治稻曲病的同时,不会对环境产生影响。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明的具体实施方式进行详细描述,但应当理解本发明的保护范围并不受具体实施方式的限制。
田间药效试验
试验对象:水稻稻曲病
试验方法:试验药剂、空白对照的小区处理采用随机区组排列,每小区之间设置小埂,以防药剂间相互干扰。小区面积25m2,重复四次。在水稻分蘖期和破口期喷施于水稻,共施药两次。
调查方法:在水稻黄熟期稻曲病病情稳定时调查药效。每小区按照对角线五点取样,每点调查相连的10丛水稻,每小区共调查50丛,记录总穗数、记录每穗上病粒数,按照以下病穗分级标准进行统计:
0级:单穗健康,无稻曲球病粒;1级:单穗稻曲球病粒数1个; 3级:单穗稻曲球病粒数2个;5级:单穗稻曲球病粒数3-5个;7 级:单穗稻曲球病粒数6-9个;9级:单穗稻曲球病粒数10个及以上;
Figure RE-GDA0002346275710000061
计算方法:
Figure RE-GDA0002346275710000062
表1:不同处理对水稻稻曲病药效试验
Figure RE-GDA0002346275710000063
由表1可知,在水稻分蘖期和破口期单独使用沼泽红假单胞菌剂(5×109cfu/mL)、以及10%井冈霉素水剂,稀释1500倍,对水稻稻曲病的防治效果较差,防治效果低于55%左右。将两种生物药剂混合施用,稀释1500倍,对水稻稻曲病的防效将到达94.38%;即便稀释至3000倍,对水稻稻曲病的防效也在75%以上。由上述数据通过 colby法可以计算出,沼泽红假单胞菌剂和井冈霉素组合施用,对水稻稻曲病产生明显的协同增效作用,可以有效防治水稻稻曲病的发生。
以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式,对于本领域技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明原料的前提下,可以做适当的改进,这些改进也在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (2)

1.一种防治水稻稻曲病的方法,其特征在于,分别在水稻分蘖期和破口期喷施生物药剂两次,所述的生物药剂由沼泽红假单胞菌LY-6菌剂和井冈霉素组成;其中沼泽红假单胞菌LY-6,保藏于中国典型培养物保藏中心,保藏编号为CCTCC N0:M 2014525;
沼泽红假单胞菌LY-6菌剂中菌浓度为1-9×109cfu/mL;稀释倍数为1000-3000倍; 井冈霉素为10%井冈霉素水剂,稀释倍数为1000-3000倍。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种防治水稻稻曲病的方法,其特征在于,沼泽红假单胞菌LY-6菌剂中菌浓度为5×109cfu/mL。
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