CN110838329B - Memory erasing method and system - Google Patents

Memory erasing method and system Download PDF

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CN110838329B
CN110838329B CN201810941839.3A CN201810941839A CN110838329B CN 110838329 B CN110838329 B CN 110838329B CN 201810941839 A CN201810941839 A CN 201810941839A CN 110838329 B CN110838329 B CN 110838329B
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voltage
erasing
erase
amplification
memory
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CN110838329A (en
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贺元魁
潘荣华
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Zhaoyi Innovation Technology Group Co ltd
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GigaDevice Semiconductor Beijing Inc
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
    • G11C—STATIC STORES
    • G11C16/00—Erasable programmable read-only memories
    • G11C16/02—Erasable programmable read-only memories electrically programmable
    • G11C16/06—Auxiliary circuits, e.g. for writing into memory
    • G11C16/10—Programming or data input circuits
    • G11C16/14—Circuits for erasing electrically, e.g. erase voltage switching circuits
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
    • G11C—STATIC STORES
    • G11C16/00—Erasable programmable read-only memories
    • G11C16/02—Erasable programmable read-only memories electrically programmable
    • G11C16/06—Auxiliary circuits, e.g. for writing into memory
    • G11C16/34—Determination of programming status, e.g. threshold voltage, overprogramming or underprogramming, retention
    • G11C16/3404—Convergence or correction of memory cell threshold voltages; Repair or recovery of overerased or overprogrammed cells
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
    • G11C—STATIC STORES
    • G11C16/00—Erasable programmable read-only memories
    • G11C16/02—Erasable programmable read-only memories electrically programmable
    • G11C16/06—Auxiliary circuits, e.g. for writing into memory
    • G11C16/34—Determination of programming status, e.g. threshold voltage, overprogramming or underprogramming, retention
    • G11C16/3436—Arrangements for verifying correct programming or erasure
    • G11C16/344—Arrangements for verifying correct erasure or for detecting overerased cells
    • G11C16/345—Circuits or methods to detect overerased nonvolatile memory cells, usually during erasure verification

Abstract

The invention discloses a method and a system for erasing a memory. The erasing method of the memory comprises the following steps: applying an erase voltage to the memory cell at erase timing C1; applying a verify voltage to the memory cell at a verify timing Y1; if the verification fails, at least two erase voltages with amplification are applied to the memory cell again after the erase timing C1 for verifying again, the amplification of the erase voltage is DversIncluding at least a first amplification D in time sequencevers1And a second amplification Dvers2，Dvers1＞Dvers2. The erasing method and system of the memory have the advantage of prolonging the service life of the memory.

Description

Memory erasing method and system
Technical Field
The embodiment of the invention relates to the technical field of memories, in particular to a memory erasing method and system.
Background
The Nand flash memory is a nonvolatile memory and has the advantages of high rewriting speed, large storage capacity and the like. When the Nand flash memory is erased, verification failure occurs, and after each verification failure, the amplitude of the erasing voltage needs to be increased. In the prior art, the increased amplitudes of the erase voltages are equal every time of erase failure, and when the erase voltages are close to the erase threshold, the erase voltages are increased again, which causes the situation that the erase voltages are much larger than the erase threshold, affects the tunneling oxide film of the memory cell, and reduces the service life of the memory.
Therefore, how to increase the lifetime of the memory becomes a demand in the memory technology field.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method and a system for erasing a memory, which aim to solve the technical problem that the service life of the memory is reduced during erasing.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides an erasing method for a memory, including the following steps: applying an erase voltage to the memory cell at erase timing C1; applying a verify voltage to the memory cell at a verify timing Y1; if the verification fails, at least two erase voltages with amplification are applied to the memory cell again after the erase timing C1 for verifying again, the amplification of the erase voltage is DversIncluding at least a first amplification D in time sequencevers1And a second amplification Dvers2，Dvers1＞Dvers2。
Preferably, the magnitude of the erase voltage when the erase voltage is applied to the memory cell at the erase timing C1 is VersWhen applying the erasing voltage to the memory cell for the nth time, the amplitude of the erasing voltage is Vers+(n-1)DversWherein n is a positive integer and n is not less than 1, and D is increased with the number of times n of erasing according to stagesversAnd decreases.
Preferably, the increase D of the erase voltageversFurther comprising a third amplification Dvers3When the erasing times n is less than or equal to m1, the amplification of the erasing voltage of each verification failure is a first amplification Dvers1When the erasing times n is more than or equal to m2 and m1, the amplification of the erasing voltage of each verification failure is a second amplification Dvers2When the erasing times n is more than m2, the amplification of the erasing voltage of each verification failure is a third amplification Dvers3M1 is a first threshold value of the number of times of erasing, and m2 is a second threshold value of the number of times of erasing.
Preferably, m1 is 2, and m2 is 3.
Preferably, at erase timing C1, the first voltage is applied to all word lines and the erase voltage is applied to the substrate of the memory cell.
Preferably, the erase voltage is in a range of 18V to 24V.
Preferably, at the time of verifying timing Y1, a verification voltage is applied to all word lines, and all bit lines are precharged to a precharge voltage; and then discharging all the bit lines for the first time, comparing the voltage of the discharged bit lines with a first judgment voltage, if the voltages of the discharged bit lines are lower than the first judgment voltage, indicating that the verification is successful and the operation can be ended, and otherwise, indicating that the verification fails, erasing the memory again and verifying.
Preferably, the verifying voltage ranges from 0V to 1V.
Preferably, the precharge voltage ranges from 1v to 1.2 v.
In a second aspect, the present invention further provides an erasing system of a memory, the erasing system of the memory comprising: the erasing module is used for erasing the data,applying an erase voltage to the memory cell for erase timing C1; the verifying module is used for applying verifying voltage to the storage unit when verifying the time sequence Y1; if the verification fails, after the erase sequence C1, the erase module re-applies at least two erase voltages with increased amplitudes to the memory cells, the verification module performs the verification again, the increase D of the erase voltageversIncluding at least a first amplification D in time sequencevers1And a second amplification Dvers2，Dvers1＞Dvers2。
Compared with the prior art, the invention provides the erasing method and the erasing system of the memory, after the verification fails, at least two erasing voltages with amplification are applied to the memory unit again to perform the verification again, the erasing voltage gradually increases along with the increase of the erasing times, the amplification of the erasing voltage is reduced, the erasing voltage is closer to the erasing threshold, the amplitude of the erasing voltage increase after each verification failure is smaller, even if the amplitude of the erasing voltage exceeds the erasing threshold, the amplitude of the erasing voltage does not exceed the erasing threshold a lot, so that the tunneling oxide film of the memory unit is not influenced, the transitional erasing effect is reduced, the service life of the memory unit of the memory is prolonged, and the erasing speed is ensured and the erasing efficiency is improved because the erasing voltage is large at first.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flowchart illustrating a method for erasing a memory according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic chip structure diagram of a memory cell in embodiment a of the invention.
FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram of a memory array according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a waveform diagram of voltages at different times of the erasing method of the memory according to embodiment A of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a graph showing the variation of the magnitude of the erase voltage with the increase of the number of verification failures in the embodiment A.
FIG. 6 is a block diagram of an erasing system of a memory according to embodiment B of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not limiting of the invention. It should be further noted that, for the convenience of description, only some of the structures related to the present invention are shown in the drawings, not all of the structures.
Before discussing exemplary embodiments in more detail, it should be noted that some exemplary embodiments are described as processes or methods depicted as flowcharts. Although a flowchart may describe the steps as a sequential process, many of the steps can be performed in parallel, concurrently or simultaneously. In addition, the order of the steps may be rearranged. The process may be terminated when its operations are completed, but may have additional steps not included in the figure. The processes may correspond to methods, functions, procedures, subroutines, and the like.
Example A
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart illustrating an erasing method of a memory according to an embodiment a of the present invention, the erasing method of the memory is used for improving the endurance and the usability of read data of the memory to improve the lifetime of the memory, and the erasing method of the memory includes the following steps:
step S1: applying an erase voltage to the memory cell at erase timing C1;
step S2: applying a verify voltage to the memory cell at a verify timing Y1;
step S3: if the verification fails, at least two erase voltages with amplification are applied to the memory cell again after the erase timing C1 for verifying again, the amplification of the erase voltage is DversIncluding at least a first amplification D in time sequencevers1And a second amplification Dvers2，Dvers1＞Dvers2。
Referring to fig. 2, fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a chip structure of the memory unit 111. The memory cell 111 includes a substrate 1111, a source 1112, a drain 1113, a tunnel oxide film 1114, a floating gate 1115, and a control gate 1116, the substrate 1111 includes a P-well region thereon, the source 1112 and the drain 1113 are disposed in the P-well region, a channel is formed between the source 1112 and the drain 1113, the tunnel oxide film 1114 is formed over the channel between the source 1112 and the drain 1113, the floating gate 1115 is disposed on the tunnel oxide film 1114, and the control gate 1116 is disposed on the floating gate 1115. It will be appreciated that a dielectric film 1117 is disposed between the control gate 1116 and the floating gate 1115. When no charge is accumulated in the floating gate 1115, that is, when data "1" is written, the threshold value is in a negative state, and the memory cell 111 is turned on by the control gate 1116 being 0V. When electrons are accumulated in the floating gate 1115, that is, when data "0" is written, the threshold shift is positive, and the memory cell is turned off by the control gate 1116 being 0V. However, the memory cell is not limited to storing a single bit, and may store a plurality of bits.
In step S1, step S1 is an erasing step, and the data is erased from the memory. The memory is preferably a NAND type memory. Referring to fig. 3, fig. 3 is a schematic circuit structure diagram of the memory array. The memory includes n word lines (WL1, WL2, …, WLn), m bit lines (BL1, BL2, …, BLm), a select gate line SGS, a select gate line SGD, and a common source line SL, and a memory cell portion identified by a dashed box 11 is referred to as a memory cell string. Each memory cell string includes a plurality of the above-described memory cells 111 (i.e., MC1 to MCn); a bit line side selection transistor TD connected to the memory cell MCn as one end portion; and a source-line-side selection transistor TS connected to the memory cell MC1 as the other end, the drain of the bit-line-side selection transistor TD being connected to the corresponding 1 bit line BL, and the source of the source-line-side selection transistor TS being connected to the common source line SL. The control gate of the memory cell 111 is connected to a word line WLi (i is 0 to n), the gate of the bit line side selection transistor TD is connected to the selection gate line SGD, and the gate of the source line side selection transistor TS is connected to the selection gate line SGS.
Referring to fig. 4 and 5 together, fig. 4 is a schematic diagram showing waveforms at different times of the erasing method of the memory of the present invention, fig. 5 is a schematic diagram showing the variation of the magnitude of the erasing voltage with the increase of the verification failure times in embodiment a, this embodiment provides a specific erasing step, when the erasing timing C1, the erasing times n are the first time, and for all word linesWL 1-WLn are applied with a first voltage, and an erase voltage V is applied to the substrate of memory cell 111ers. The first voltage is 0V or negative voltage, erase voltage VersThe range of (A) is 18 to 24V, preferably 19 to 23V. Erase voltage VersIt will be transferred to all bit lines BL and the common source line SL through the substrate PN junction of the memory module in a forward conduction state, leaving the select gate line SGD and the select gate line SGS in a floating state.
In step S2, when verifying the timing Y1, a verification voltage is applied to all word lines WL1 to WLn in the memory, and all bit lines BL1 to BLm are precharged to a precharge voltage; and then discharging all the bit lines BL 1-BLm for the first time, comparing the voltage of the discharged bit lines with a first judgment voltage, if the voltages of all the bit lines BL 1-BLm are lower than the first judgment voltage, indicating that the erasing verification operation is successful, and finishing the operation, otherwise, failing the verification, and needing to erase the memory again and verifying the memory. Preferably, the verify voltage ranges from 0V to 1V. The precharge voltage is in a range of 1V to 1.2V, and the first determination voltage is 06 ° to 1V, preferably 0.8V. It is understood that the erase timing C1 is a period of erasing data from all memory cells in a block of memory cells, and the verify timing Y1 is a period of verifying all memory cells after erasing data at the erase timing C1.
In step S3, the verify timing Y1 fails, and the memory cell is again applied with the increased amplitude D at the erase timing C2-CnversUntil the nth erase voltage Vers+(n-1)Dvers(where n is a positive integer, and n ≧ 1) is greater than or equal to the erase threshold, and verification succeeds at the verification timing Yn. In this embodiment, the increase D of the erase voltageversInversely proportional to the number of erasures n, preferably D increases in stages with the number of erasures nversAnd decreases.
Specifically, assuming that the first threshold of the erase count n is m1, the second threshold of the erase count n is m2, and when the erase count n is equal to or less than the first threshold m1 of the erase count n, the increase D of the erase voltage is obtainedversIs Dvers1When the number of times of erasing n is larger thanAn increase D in erase voltage when the first threshold value m1 of the erase count n is not more than the second threshold value m2 of the erase count nversIs Dvers2When the number of times of erasing n is larger than a second threshold value m2 of the number of times of erasing n, an increase D of the erasing voltageversIs Dvers3. In this embodiment, the increase D of the erase voltagevers1Amplification D greater than erase voltagevers2Increase of erase voltage Dvers2Amplification D greater than erase voltagevers3The first threshold value m1 of the number of times of erasing n is smaller than the second threshold value m2 of the number of times of erasing n. In the embodiment, m1 is 3, and m2 is 4.
Specifically, at the erase timing C2, if the erase count n is 2 nd and the erase count n is less than the first threshold m1, that is, less than 3, the first voltage is applied to all the word lines WL1 to WLn, and the erase voltage V is applied to the substrate of the memory cell 111ers+Dvers1。
When verifying the timing Y2, applying a verification voltage to all word lines WL1 to WLn in the memory, and precharging all bit lines BL1 to BLm to a precharge voltage; all the bit lines BL 1-BLm are then discharged for a first time, and the discharged bit line voltages are compared with a first determination voltage, wherein the bit line voltages are higher than the first determination voltage, and the verification fails.
At the erase timing C3, when the erase count n is 3 rd, and the erase count n is equal to the first threshold m1, i.e., 3, the first voltage is applied to all the word lines WL1 WLn, and the erase voltage V is applied to the substrate of the memory cell 111ers+Dvers1+Dvers1＝Vers+2Dvers1。
When verifying the timing Y3, applying a verification voltage to all word lines WL1 to WLn in the memory, and precharging all bit lines BL1 to BLm to a precharge voltage; all the bit lines BL 1-BLm are then discharged for a first time, and the discharged bit line voltages are compared with a first determination voltage, wherein the bit line voltages are higher than the first determination voltage, and the verification fails.
According to the above erase and verify method, the magnitude of the erase voltage applied to the substrate of the memory cell 111 until the erase timing C5 is Vers+2Dvers1+Dvers2+Dvers3When the number of erasing times is 5, the voltages of all bit lines after discharging are lower than the first judgment voltage, and the verification can be successful. At this time, the magnitude V of the erase voltageers+2Dvers1+Dvers2+Dvers3Greater than the erase threshold.
That is, when the number of times n of the erase voltage is not more than m1, the increase of the erase voltage per verification failure is Dvers1When the erasing times n is more than m1 and less than or equal to m2, the amplification of the erasing voltage of each verification failure is Dvers2When the amplitude of the erasing voltage is larger than m2, the amplification of the erasing voltage is D when each verification failsvers3. In this embodiment, the erase voltage is amplified by DversThe variation is adjusted in three stages. It is understood that m1, m2, Dvers1、Dvers2And Dvers3The values of (A) can be varied as desired, e.g. m1, m2, Dvers1、Dvers2And Dvers3The value of (c) may vary depending on the erase threshold. It is understood that the increase change of the erase voltage can be divided into two stages or more than three stages, and the invention is not limited thereto, and falls within the protection scope of the invention without departing from the concept of the invention.
As the number of times of erasing increases, the magnitude of the erase voltage increases, and the erase voltage gradually approaches the erase threshold. Due to the increased magnitude of the erase voltage, the increase D of the erase voltageversTherefore, after the amplitude of the erase voltage is close to the erase threshold, the amplitude of the erase voltage is increased again due to verification failure, and even if the amplitude of the erase voltage exceeds the erase threshold, the amplitude of the erase voltage does not exceed the erase threshold so as not to affect the tunneling oxide film 1114 of the memory cell 111, thereby reducing the transient erase effect, prolonging the service life of the memory cell of the memory, and ensuring the erase success rate.
Example B
Referring to fig. 6, fig. 6 is a block diagram of the erasing system 12 of the memory according to the present invention. The memory erasing system 12 can perform the memory erasing method provided by any embodiment of the invention. The memory erase system 12 includes:
an erase module 121 for applying an erase voltage to the memory cell at an erase timing C1;
a verifying module 122, configured to apply a verifying voltage to the memory cell when verifying the timing Y1;
if the verification fails, after the erase timing C1, the erase module 121 re-applies at least two erase voltages with increased amplitudes to the memory cells, and the verification module 122 performs the verification again with increased amplitudes D of the erase voltagesversIncluding at least a first amplification D in time sequencevers1And a second amplification Dvers2，Dvers1＞Dvers2。
With the erasing system 12 of the memory of the present invention, after the verification fails, the erasing module 121 applies the erasing voltage to the memory cell again, the verifying module 122 verifies again, as the number of times of the verification fails, the number of times of the erasing increases, the amplitude of the erasing voltage gradually increases, and the amplitude D of the erasing voltage increases each timeversInversely proportional to the erase times n, the closer the erase voltage is to the erase threshold, the greater the increase D of the erase voltage after each verify failureversThe smaller the magnitude of the erase voltage is, even if the magnitude of the erase voltage exceeds the erase threshold, the magnitude of the erase voltage does not exceed the erase threshold so as not to affect the tunnel oxide film 1114 of the memory cell 111, thereby reducing the transient erase effect and improving the lifetime of the memory cell of the memory.
It is understood that the contents of embodiment a and embodiment B of the present invention can be supplemented and described.
Compared with the prior art, the invention provides the erasing method and the erasing system of the memory, after the verification fails, at least two erasing voltages with amplification are applied to the memory unit again to perform the verification again, the erasing voltage gradually increases along with the increase of the erasing times, the amplification of the erasing voltage is reduced, the erasing voltage is closer to the erasing threshold, the amplitude of the erasing voltage increase after each verification failure is smaller, even if the amplitude of the erasing voltage exceeds the erasing threshold, the amplitude of the erasing voltage does not exceed the erasing threshold a lot, so that the tunneling oxide film of the memory unit is not influenced, the transitional erasing effect is reduced, the service life of the memory unit of the memory is prolonged, and the erasing speed is ensured and the erasing efficiency is improved because the erasing voltage is large at first.
It should be noted that, in all the above embodiments, the included units and modules are only divided according to functional logic, but are not limited to the above division as long as the corresponding functions can be implemented; in addition, specific names of the functional units are only for convenience of distinguishing from each other, and are not used for limiting the protection scope of the present invention.
It is to be noted that the foregoing is only illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and the technical principles employed. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the particular embodiments described herein, but is capable of various obvious changes, rearrangements and substitutions as will now become apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention. Therefore, although the present invention has been described in greater detail by the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and may include other equivalent embodiments without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is determined by the scope of the appended claims.

Claims (6)

1. An erasing method of a memory, comprising the steps of:
applying an erase voltage to the memory cell at erase timing C1;
applying a verify voltage to the memory cell at a verify timing Y1;
if the verification fails, at least two erase voltages with amplification are applied to the memory cell again after the erase timing C1 for verifying again, the amplification of the erase voltage is DversIncluding at least a first amplification D in time sequencevers1And a second amplification Dvers2，Dvers1＞Dvers2；
The magnitude of the erase voltage when the erase voltage is applied to the memory cell at the erase timing C1 is VersWhen applying the erasing voltage to the memory cell for the nth time, the amplitude of the erasing voltage is Vers+(n-1)DversWherein n is a positive integer and n is not less than 1, following the pressing of the erasing times nStep size up, DversDecrease;
amplification of the erase voltage DversFurther comprising a third amplification Dvers3When the erasing times n is less than or equal to m1, the amplification of the erasing voltage of each verification failure is a first amplification Dvers1When the erasing times n is more than or equal to m2 and m1, the amplification of the erasing voltage of each verification failure is a second amplification Dvers2When the erasing times n is more than m2, the amplification of the erasing voltage of each verification failure is a third amplification Dvers3M1 is a first threshold for the number of erasures, m2 is a second threshold for the number of erasures;
at the time of the erase timing C1, a first voltage of 0V or a negative voltage is applied to all word lines, and an erase voltage in a range of 18V to 24V is applied to the substrate of the memory cell.
2. An erasing method of a memory according to claim 1, wherein: the m1 is 3, and the m2 is 4.
3. An erasing method of a memory according to claim 1, wherein: at the time of verifying timing Y1, a verification voltage is applied to all word lines, and all bit lines are precharged to a precharge voltage; and then discharging all the bit lines for the first time, comparing the voltage of the discharged bit lines with a first judgment voltage, if the voltages of the discharged bit lines are lower than the first judgment voltage, indicating that the verification is successful and the operation can be ended, and otherwise, indicating that the verification fails, erasing the memory again and verifying.
4. An erasing method of a memory according to claim 1, wherein: the range of the verification voltage is 0V-1V.
5. A method of erasing a memory as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the precharge voltage ranges from 1v to 1.2 v.
6. An erasing system of a memory, the erasing system of the memory comprising:
an erase module for applying an erase voltage to the memory cell at an erase timing C1;
the verifying module is used for applying verifying voltage to the storage unit when verifying the time sequence Y1;
if the verification fails, after the erase sequence C1, the erase module re-applies at least two erase voltages with increased amplitudes to the memory cells, the verification module performs the verification again, the increase D of the erase voltageversIncluding at least a first amplification D in time sequencevers1And a second amplification Dvers2，Dvers1＞Dvers2；
The magnitude of the erase voltage when the erase voltage is applied to the memory cell at the erase timing C1 is VersWhen applying the erasing voltage to the memory cell for the nth time, the amplitude of the erasing voltage is Vers+(n-1)DversWherein n is a positive integer and n is not less than 1, and D is increased with the number of times n of erasing according to stagesversDecrease;
amplification of the erase voltage DversFurther comprising a third amplification Dvers3When the erasing times n is less than or equal to m1, the amplification of the erasing voltage of each verification failure is a first amplification Dvers1When the erasing times n is more than or equal to m2 and m1, the amplification of the erasing voltage of each verification failure is a second amplification Dvers2When the erasing times n is more than m2, the amplification of the erasing voltage of each verification failure is a third amplification Dvers3M1 is a first threshold for the number of erasures, m2 is a second threshold for the number of erasures;
at the time of the erase timing C1, a first voltage of 0V or a negative voltage is applied to all word lines, and an erase voltage in a range of 18V to 24V is applied to the substrate of the memory cell.
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