CN110832428A - 车辆的旋转控制装置 - Google Patents

车辆的旋转控制装置 Download PDF

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CN110832428A
CN110832428A CN201880041412.6A CN201880041412A CN110832428A CN 110832428 A CN110832428 A CN 110832428A CN 201880041412 A CN201880041412 A CN 201880041412A CN 110832428 A CN110832428 A CN 110832428A
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orientation
user interface
interface surface
control device
processing unit
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莱纳尔·彼得日克
亨德里克·洛特
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ZF Friedrichshafen AG
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    • G05G5/26Means for preventing, limiting or returning the movements of parts of a control mechanism, e.g. locking controlling member for holding members in an indefinite number of positions, e.g. by a toothed quadrant by other means than a quadrant, rod, or the like
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60K2360/16Type of output information
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F16HGEARING
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Human Computer Interaction (AREA)
  • Mechanical Control Devices (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种用于车辆的旋转控制装置(1),旋转控制装置包括用户接口表面(3)特别是旋钮,所述用户接口表面被实施为绕所述装置(1)的转动轴线(7)相对于所述装置(1)的外壳(5)转动,旋转控制装置还包括:传感器单元(9),其用于监测所述用户接口表面(3)关于所述外壳(5)的定向和/或转动;处理单元(11);以及通信接口(13),其用于根据来自所述处理单元(11)的输出(Op)发送控制信号(Ts),所述输出(Op)由所述处理单元(11)基于来自所述传感器单元(9)的传感器数据(Ds)生成。

Description

车辆的旋转控制装置
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于车辆的旋转控制装置,该旋转控制装置包括用户接口表面,所述用户接口表面被实施为相对于装置的外壳绕装置的转动轴线转动,还包括:传感器单元,所述传感器单元用于监测用户接口表面关于外壳的定向和/或转动;处理单元;以及通信接口,所述通信接口用于根据来自处理单元的输出发送控制信号,所述输出由处理单元基于来自传感器单元的传感器数据生成,其中旋转控制装置还包括磁流变致动器,其中该磁流变致动器包括转动元件,该转动元件机械地连接到用户接口表面,并且用于与磁流变致动器的磁流变流体相互作用,并且其中,磁流变致动器包括用于产生和/或操纵作用在磁流变流体上的磁场的性质的组件,使得磁流变致动器用于调节用户接口表面与外壳之间的扭矩传递。
背景技术
例如,从欧洲专利公开EP2065614A1中已知用于控制的触觉接口,其中公开了一种用于操纵磁场的性质的组件,以调节转动元件与触觉接口的外壳之间的扭矩传递。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于介绍一种改进的旋转控制装置。
通过由独立权利要求的主题限定的旋转控制装置来实现本发明的目的。从属权利要求和说明书限定了系统的有利实施例。
因此,该目的通过一种用于车辆的旋转控制装置来实现,该旋转控制装置包括用户接口表面,所述用户接口表面被实施为相对于装置的外壳绕装置的转动轴线转动,还包括:传感器单元,所述传感器单元用于监测用户接口表面关于外壳的定向和/或转动;处理单元;以及通信接口,所述通信接口用于根据来自处理单元的输出发送控制信号,所述输出由处理单元基于来自传感器单元的传感器数据生成,其中旋转控制装置还包括磁流变致动器,其中该磁流变致动器包括转动元件,所述转动元件被机械地连接到用户接口表面,并用于与磁流变致动器的磁流变流体相互作用,并且其中,磁流变致动器包括用于产生和/或操纵作用在磁流变流体上的磁场的性质的组件,使得磁流变致动器用于调节用户接口表面与外壳之间的扭矩传递,其中该组件被实施为在用户接口表面处于用于选择驱动操作模式的定向中时并且根据装置接收的指示车辆的驱动单元分别处于活动或非活动状态的状态信号,根据从处理单元输出的IO操控信号,生成和/或操纵磁场的性质。
在本发明的意义上,用户接口表面的位置是指用户接口表面在从装置的外壳在空间上位移指定距离的平面内的放置。在本发明的意义上,用户接口表面的定向是指相对于用户接口表面参考外壳的初始设置,用户接口表面绕装置的转动轴线指定转动度的转动位移。
磁流变流体限定了旋转控制装置的行为。为此,改变提供给组件的电压以感应周围的磁场,从而改变流体的粘度。取决于磁场,特别是取决于磁场的性质,诸如强度和/或方向,MRF能够在液态和固态之间变化,这能够被非常精确地控制。在流体状态下,MRF在转动元件和外壳之间传递的扭矩很小或没有扭矩。然而,随着粘度增大并且流体接近固态,流体内以及流体与转动元件之间以及流体与外壳之间或固定附接至外壳的部件之间的剪切力增大。这导致在用户接口表面外壳之间的扭矩传递增加。
该装置能够用于选择车辆的操作模式,例如:前进档操作模式,其中,从车辆的驱动单元传递扭矩,以便沿在向前方向上推动车辆;倒档操作模式,其中从车辆的驱动单元传递扭矩,以便在倒车方向上推动车辆;空档操作模式,其中不从车辆的驱动单元传递扭矩;驻车操作模式,其中附接到车辆的驱动单元上的扭矩传递单元被机械地阻挡;或另一操作模式。
当在没有从外部源施加到装置的力的情况下用户接口表面的位置和/或定向保持恒定时,则用户接口表面的该位置和/或定向能够被称为稳定位置。另一方面,当用户接口表面未保持在特定位置或定向时,例如由于装置的机构在内部施加力,则该位置和/或定向能够被称为不稳定。
在本发明的意义上,车辆的安全相关功能能够为例如车辆的操作模式的选择、车辆的转向、加速或制动。车辆的非安全功能能够为例如导航或控制多媒体接口。
在本发明的意义上,通信路径能够为例如用于发送数据的硬线,诸如数据总线和/或无线数据发送信道。在许多现代街道车辆中,CAN数据总线是优选类型的通信路径。
在本发明的意义上,用户接口表面或旋钮能够包括环形和/或半壳形结构的外表面,车辆的操作者,即用户可接触该外表面。用户接口表面还能够包括位于用户接口表面的外表面下方的构造。
在控制装置的实施例中,该装置被实施为在其中用户接口表面绕转动轴线转动预定量以达到IO定向,同时输出IO操控信号以调节扭矩传递的情况下,发送控制信号以停用或激活驱动单元。
在控制装置的实施例中,处理单元被实施为输出IO操控信号,该IO操控信号用于使组件操纵磁场的性质,使得沿从用于选择驱动操作模式的用户接口表面的定向到IO定向的转动路径形成制动力渐变,并且其中,从用于选择驱动操作模式的定向到IO定向的制动力渐变与沿用户接口表面的在用于选择驱动操作模式的定向和用于选择车辆的不同操作模式的不同定向之间的转动路径形成的制动力渐变不同。
在控制装置的实施例中,只能通过将用户接口表面在与下列转动方向相反的转动方向上的转动来达到IO定向,在该转动方向上,用户接口表面必须转动到一定定向,以用于在用户接口表面处于用于选择车辆的驱动操作模式的定向中时选择不同操作模式。
在控制装置的实施例中,处理单元被实施为输出操控信号,使得沿从用于选择车辆的驱动操作模式的定向到IO定向的转动路径形成的制动力渐变对应于需要转动以点火或关闭机动车辆中的发动机的机械系统定义的制动力渐变。
在控制装置的实施例中,处理单元被实施为输出IO操控信号,使得沿着从用于选择驱动操作模式的定向到IO定向的转动路径形成的制动力渐变包括:第一分路径,其中制动力持续增大;第二分路径,其中制动力持续减小;和第三分路径,其中制动力持续增大到一个值,该值大于制动力在第一分路径内达到的值。
在控制装置的实施例中,该装置包括扭矩传感器,并且其中该装置被实施为仅当操作者向用户接口表面施加预定量的扭矩,同时处于IO定向中时发送控制信号,以停用或激活车辆的驱动单元。
在控制装置的实施例中,当用户接口表面处于点火定向中并且预定量的扭矩施加到用户接口表面时,处理单元被实施为输出操控信号,使得沿着在相同转动方向上延伸超过从用于选择驱动操作模式的定向到IO定向的转动路径的重起动转动路径形成点火制动力渐变,并且其中处理单元被实施为输出用于操控该组件的IO操控信号,使得该组件操纵作用在流体上以波动的磁场,由此在波动时对于向用户接口表面施加扭矩的用户沿重起动转动路径模拟振动触觉反馈。
在控制装置的实施例中,转动元件包括包含磁流变流体的腔室,并且其中,提供了静态元件,该静态元件相对于外壳被固定地布置并且被至少部分地布置在腔室中,使得转动元件的腔室的内表面与静态元件之间的扭矩传递取决于磁场的性质。
在控制装置的实施例中,转动元件被实施为在致动器的包含磁流变流体的腔室内转动,所述腔室相对于外壳被固定地布置,使得在转动元件和腔室的内表面之间的扭矩传递取决于磁场的性质。
附图说明
下面将参考以下附图详细解释本发明的特定实施例。附图示出:
图1是本发明的旋转控制装置的实施例的示意图;并且
图2是本发明的旋转控制装置的实施例的操作模式选择序列的示意图。
具体实施方式
图1示出了具有用户接口表面3的本发明的旋转控制装置1的实施例的示意图,该用户接口表面3能够由车辆的用户或操作者移动和转动。用户接口表面能够绕装置1的转动轴线7转动至各种定向,例如以用于选择车辆的操作模式。此外,用户接口表面3能够被车辆的用户或操作者在第一位置P1、第二位置P2和第三位置P3之间移动。
装置1包括外壳5,外壳5至少部分地包围安装在基板15上的处理单元11,基板15是印刷电路板。处理单元11被连接到通信接口13。经由通信接口13,能够发送和接收诸如控制信号Ts的信号。处理单元11还被连接到传感器单元9,传感器单元9用于监测用户接口表面相对于外壳5的转动和/或定向。传感器单元9将传感器数据Ds发送至处理单元11,基于该传感器数据Ds,处理单元11能够生成控制信号以经由通信接口13发送。
该装置还包括用于在外壳5的腔室19中产生和校正磁场的组件17。该腔室包含磁流变流体21,也称为MRF。转动元件23被部分地位于腔室内。转动元件23被机械地连接到用户接口表面3,并且随着接口3的转动而转动。
可以说,与由组件17引起的磁场性质(诸如场强和方向)的变化相对应地,磁流变流体21的粘度发生变化。因此,以对应的方式,流体在用户接口表面3与装置1的外壳5之间传递或更多或更少的扭矩。这是由于流体内以及流体与腔室壁之间的剪切力的变化。由于装置的外壳5通常被固定地安装在车辆内,所以能够认为该组件调节作用在用户接口表面3上的一种制动力。包括在腔室19中的MRF 21、转动元件23以及用于操纵腔室19内的磁场的组件17的这些系统通常被称为MRF致动器。处理单元11被实施为输出用于控制组件17的操控信号。例如,组件17能够由基板15上的电路驱动,该电路根据来自处理单元11的操控信号向组件17馈送脉宽调制(PWM)电流或电压。
该装置还包括伺服致动器25,该伺服致动器25与转动元件23接合,并且因此可以将扭矩施加到用户接口表面3。
图2示出了本发明的旋转控制装置的实施例的操作模式选择序列的示意图。用户接口表面3能够绕转动轴线7转动,以便达到用于选择车辆的各种操作模式的定向。当选择前进操作模式D时,或者相关地,当用户接口表面的定向使得从装置发送控制信号以用于选择这种操作模式时,则向车辆的操作者提供附加的可选定向,例如以便停用车辆的驱动单元。许多现代街道车辆的驱动单元都包括以化石燃料运行的发动机。因此,当车辆静止时,例如在停车灯时,停用这种发动机可能是有利的。
取决于驱动单元是被激活还是停用,操作者能将用户接口转动到IO定向,以便分别停用或激活驱动单元。同时,装置1的处理单元11能够输出IO操控信号,使得装置的MRF致动器沿用户接口表面3的转动路径提供制动力。MRF致动器能够例如操纵磁场,使得制动力每隔一段时间被去除,并且再次每隔一段时间增大到预定值。磁场的这种操纵导致用户接口表面每隔一段时间就逐渐移动,这能够被操作者解释为振动。
还能够通过将用户接口表面转动到对应的定向来选择诸如运动、舒适和环保的其它操作模式。
附图标记
1 旋转控制装置
3 用户接口表面
5 外壳
7 转动轴线
9 传感器单元
11 处理单元
13 通信接口
15 基板/PCB
17 用于生成/操纵磁场的组件
19 腔室
21 磁流变流体
23 转动元件
25 伺服致动器
X1 第一方向
X2 第二方向
P1 第一位置
P2 第二位置
P3 第三位置

Claims (10)

1.一种用于车辆的旋转控制装置,所述旋转控制装置包括用户接口表面,所述用户接口表面被实施为相对于所述装置的外壳绕所述装置的转动轴线转动,
所述旋转控制装置还包括:
传感器单元,所述传感器单元用于监测所述用户接口表面相对于所述外壳的定向和/或转动;
处理单元;以及
通信接口,所述通信接口用于根据来自所述处理单元的输出来发送控制信号,所述输出由所述处理单元基于来自所述传感器单元的传感器数据生成,
其中所述旋转控制装置还包括磁流变致动器,
其中所述磁流变致动器包括转动元件,所述转动元件被机械地连接到所述用户接口表面,并且用于与所述磁流变致动器的磁流变流体相互作用,并且
其中所述磁流变致动器包括组件,所述组件用于产生和/或操纵作用在所述磁流变流体上的磁场的性质,使得所述磁流变致动器用于调节所述用户接口表面与所述外壳之间的扭矩传递,
其特征在于,所述组件被实施为在所述用户接口表面处于用于选择驱动操作模式的定向中时并且根据由所述装置接收的、指示所述车辆的驱动单元分别处于活动或非活动状态的状态信号,根据从所述处理单元输出的IO操控信号,生成和/或操纵所述磁场的性质。
2.根据权利要求1所述的旋转控制装置,其特征在于,所述装置被实施为在如下的情况下发送控制信号以停用或激活所述驱动单元:在正在输出所述IO操控信号以调节所述扭矩传递的同时,所述用户接口表面绕所述转动轴线转动预定量以达到IO定向。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的旋转控制装置,其特征在于,所述处理单元被实施为输出所述IO操控信号,所述IO操控信号用于使所述组件操纵所述磁场的性质,以便沿从用于选择驱动操作模式的所述用户接口表面的定向到IO定向的转动路径形成制动力渐变,并且
从用于选择所述驱动操作模式的所述定向到所述IO定向的所述制动力渐变不同于沿在用于选择驱动操作模式的所述定向和用于选择所述车辆的不同操作模式的不同定向之间的所述用户接口表面的转动路径形成的制动力渐变。
4.根据前述权利要求中的至少一项所述的旋转控制装置,其特征在于,仅能通过所述用户接口表面在一转动方向上的转动来达到所述IO定向,所述转动方向与当所述用户接口表面处于用于选择所述车辆的驱动操作模式的定向中时为了达到用于选择不同操作模式的定向所述用户接口表面必须转动的转动方向相反。
5.根据前述权利要求中的至少一项所述的旋转控制装置,其特征在于,所述处理单元被实施为输出操控信号,使得沿从用于选择所述车辆的驱动操作模式的定向到所述IO定向的所述转动路径形成的制动力渐变对应于由机械系统定义的制动力渐变,所述机械系统需要转动以用于点火或关闭机动车辆中的发动机。
6.根据前述权利要求中的至少一项所述的旋转控制装置,其特征在于,所述处理单元被实施为输出IO操控信号,使得沿着从用于选择驱动操作模式的定向到所述IO定向的所述转动路径形成的所述制动力渐变包括:第一分路径,其中制动力持续增大;第二分路径,其中制动力持续减小;和第三分路径,其中制动力持续增大到一个值,所述值大于所述制动力在所述第一分路径内达到的值。
7.根据前述权利要求中的至少一项所述的旋转控制装置,其特征在于,所述装置包括扭矩传感器,并且
所述装置被实施为仅当在处于所述IO定向中的同时操作者向所述用户接口表面施加预定量的扭矩时发送所述控制信号以停用或激活所述车辆的驱动单元。
8.根据前述权利要求中的至少一项所述的旋转控制装置,其特征在于,当所述用户接口表面处于所述点火定向中并且预定量的扭矩施加到所述用户接口表面时,所述处理单元被实施为输出操控信号,使得沿重起动转动路径形成点火制动力渐变,所述重起动转动路径在相同转动方向上延伸超过从用于选择所述驱动操作模式的定向到所述IO定向的所述转动路径,并且
所述处理单元被实施为输出用于操控所述组件的IO操控信号,使得所述组件操纵作用在流体上的磁场以波动,由此在波动时向将扭矩施加到所述用户接口表面的用户沿所述重起动转动路径模拟振动触觉反馈。
9.根据前述权利要求中的至少一项所述的旋转控制装置,其特征在于,所述转动元件包括包含所述磁流变流体的腔室,并且
提供了静态元件,所述静态元件相对于所述外壳被固定地布置并且被至少部分地布置在所述腔室中,使得所述转动元件的腔室的内表面与所述静态元件之间的所述扭矩传递取决于磁场的性质。
10.根据权利要求1至8中的至少一项所述的旋转控制装置,其特征在于,所述转动元件被实施为在所述致动器的、包含所述磁流变流体的腔室内转动,所述腔室相对于所述外壳被固定地布置,使得在所述转动元件和所述腔室的内表面之间的扭矩传递取决于磁场的性质。
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