WO2021048264A1

WO2021048264A1 - Rotary control device for steering

Info

Publication number: WO2021048264A1
Application number: PCT/EP2020/075301
Authority: WO
Inventors: Rainer Haevescher; Artur Neumann
Original assignee: Zf Friedrichshafen Ag
Priority date: 2019-09-12
Filing date: 2020-09-10
Publication date: 2021-03-18
Also published as: DE102019213959A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a rotary control device (1) for steering a vehicle comprising a user interface surface (3), in particular a knob, that is embodied to rotate with respect to a housing (5) of the device (1) around a rotational axis (7) of the device (1), further comprising a sensor unit (9) for monitoring the orientation and/or rotational movement of the user interface surface (3) with respect to the housing (5), a processing unit (11), and a communications interface (13) for transmitting control signals (Ts) according to an output (Op) from the processing unit (11), said output (Op) being generated by the processing unit (11) on the basis of sensor data (Ds) from the sensor unit (9).

Description

Rotary Control Device for Steering

The invention relates to a rotary control device for steering a vehicle, comprising a magnetorheological actuator for manipulating a braking moment incident on a rotata ble part of the rotary control device. Haptic interfaces for control are known for exam ple from the European patent publication EP2065614A1 , wherein an assembly for manipulating properties of a magnetic field is disclosed for the purpose of modulating the torque transfer between a rotational element and a housing of the haptic inter face. The patent publication documents US2016/0378131 A1 , US2016/0216763A1 , and US2011/0181405A1 disclose further such control devices, generally suitable for use in automobiles.

Furthermore, the German patent publication DE102010029 184 A1 discloses a ro tary control device that can be used to select operation modes, such as a forward drive operation mode or a reverse operation mode of a vehicle as well as to steer the vehicle. The still unpublished German patent application DE102018222235 from the applicant discloses a rotary control device for steering, wherein said device com prises a magnetorheological actuator for simulating the haptic response of a tradi tional steering wheel in the rotary control device. The text of this earlier application is largely incorporated in this application. Additionally, the US Patent US6557662 B1 describes a traditional steering wheel converted to a steer by wire device comprising a magnetorheological actuator. However, the present application involves a rotary control element smaller in diameter than a human hand, or smaller than 10cm in di ameter, and traditionally located in the middle console of a vehicle or integrated into a cluster of controls on the dashboard, and can be seen as an alternative to a steer ing wheel, or in the case of a largely autonomously driving vehicle, a means of limited intervention into the steering of a vehicle for rare situations where it becomes neces sary.

The object of the invention is to introduce a further improved rotary control device suitable for steering a vehicle in the absence of a traditional steering wheel. The object of the invention is achieved by a rotary control device defined by the sub ject matter of the independent claim. The dependent claims and the description de fine advantageous embodiments of the system.

The object of the invention is achieved by a rotary control device defined by the sub ject matter of the independent claim. The dependent claims and the description de fine advantageous embodiments of the system.

The object is therefore achieved by a rotary control device for steering a vehicle, comprising a magnetorheological actuator for manipulating a braking moment inci dent on a rotatable part of the rotary control device, wherein the magnetorheological actuator is embodied to manipulate the braking moment such that the rotatable part is prevented from rotating beyond a predetermined maximum degree of rotation cor responding to a maximum turning alignment of traction guiding parts of a vehicle, in particular wheels.

The predetermined maximum degree of rotation can be determine based on vehicle manufacturer data regarding the turning radius of the vehicle or maximum dynamic turning angle of the wheels, for example. The provision of a large braking moment on the rotatable part of the device provides the user or operator of the vehicle with a haptic feedback equivalent to the traditional haptic feedback received when a con ventional steering wheel is rotated to its maximum range of movement.

In an embodiment, the magnetorheological actuator is embodied to manipulate the braking moment such that the rotatable part is prevented from rotating beyond a vari able safety degree of rotation, said safety degree of rotation being smaller than the predetermined maximum degree of rotation, and said safety degree of rotation being determined on the basis of vehicle state information, in particular a current velocity of the vehicle.

The safety degree of rotation corresponds to a maximum permitted turning alignment of the traction guiding parts of a vehicle with reference to the dynamic driving situa tion of the vehicle. That is, when the vehicle is traveling a high speeds, the maximum permitted turning alignment of the wheels is much lower that the predetermined maxi mum turning alignment. Correspondingly, the magnetorheological actuator blocks the rotation of the rotatable part at the degree of rotation that is less than the degree of rotation achievable at low speeds. The degree of rotation at which the actuator blocks the rotatable part from further rotation can be predetermined based on a table of permitted turning angles at various velocities or it can be dynamically calculated by a computational unit. For example, many modern vehicles have numerous sensors and increasing large computational capacity in order to implement driver assistance functions or even autonomous driving modes. A determination of the maximum per missible turning radius in a given dynamic driving situation may be determined, for example, on the basis of this sensor data through the use of prepared algorithms. on the basis of vehicle state information such that when the vehicle is moving over a predetermined velocity a change in the braking moment is effected when traction guiding parts of a vehicle, in particular wheels, are aligned with a forward-reverse axis of the vehicle.

In an embodiment, the rotary control device comprises a user interface surface that is embodied to rotate with respect to a housing of the device around a rotational axis of the device, further comprises a sensor unit for monitoring the orientation and/or rota tional movement of the user interface surface with respect to the housing, a pro cessing unit, and a communications interface for transmitting control signals accord ing to an output from the processing unit, said output being generated by the pro cessing unit on the basis of sensor data from the sensor unit, wherein the rotary con trol device further comprises a magnetorheological actuator having a rotational ele ment that is mechanically connected to the user interface surface, wherein rotational movement of the rotational element is dependent on properties of a magnetic field, and in that the magnetorheological actuator is embodied to generate and/or manipu late the properties of the magnetic field according to governing signals from the pro cessing unit. The rotary control device can therefore be embodied such that the processing unit is embodied to output governing signals for governing the assembly such that the as sembly manipulates the magnetic field in way that causes the braking moment of the magnetorheological actuator to simulate the braking moments of a conventional steering wheel. This advantageously reduces the cognitive fatigue of an operator and also provides a haptic response for an operator, which permits a steering function of the rotary control device to be used without needing to look at the device while using it. This permits an operator the freedom to continually observe the vehicle surrounds while guiding the vehicle.

The device can further be used to select an operation mode of the vehicle, which is for example a forwards drive operation mode wherein torque is transferred from a drive unit of the vehicle in order to propel the vehicle in a forwards direction, a re verse drive operation mode wherein torque is transferred from a drive unit of the vehi cle in order to propel the vehicle in a reverse direction, a neutral operation mode wherein no torque is transferred from a drive unit of the vehicle, a park operation mode where a torque transmission unit attached to the drive unit of the vehicle is me chanically blocked, or another operation mode.

The integration of a steering functionality, functionality for selecting and operation mode of the vehicle, and/or controlling other safety relevant functions, and/or operat ing a navigation menu, infotainment menu, or other functions permits a reduction in the number of operation devices or buttons required in a vehicle. Further, a rotary control device comprising steering functionality can serve as the exclusive means of steering the vehicle, especially in a highly autonomous driving mode, for example in a level 4 mode, where an operator is only occasionally required to steer the vehicle.

A safety relevant function of the vehicle in the sense of the invention can be for ex ample the selection of an operation mode of the vehicle, steering, accelerating or braking the vehicle. A non-safety function of the vehicle can be for example naviga tion or control of a multimedia interface. A communications pathway in the sense of the invention can be for example a hard line for transferring data such as a databus and/or a wireless data transmission chan nel. In many modern street vehicles, a CAN-databus is a preferred type of communi cations pathway.

The user interface surface, or knob, in the sense of the invention can comprise the outer surface of a ring shaped and/or half shell shaped structure, which is accessible to an operator, i.e. user, of the vehicle. The user interface surface can further com prise a construction underlying the outer surface of the user interface surface.

In an embodiment of the rotary control device the processing unit generates said gov erning signals based at least partially on information regarding vehicle velocity, accel eration, and/or wheel position, wherein the communications interface is embodied to receive said information and provide said information to the processing unit.

In an embodiment of the rotary control device the processing unit generates said gov erning signals based at least partially on sensor information generated by the sensor unit regarding a variation of the orientation of the user interface surface from a pri mary orientation of the user interface surface, said primary orientation being an orien tation at which the communications interface transmits a control signal for aligning traction guiding parts of a vehicle, in particular wheels, such that the vehicle is guided in a direction defined by a forwards-reverse axis of the vehicle and/or in a direction corresponding to the current direction of momentum of the vehicle.

In an embodiment of the rotary control device when a torque is applied externally to the user interface surface for rotating the user interface surface to an orientation var ying from the primary orientation, the processing unit generates governing signals such that the magnetorheological actuator generates and/or manipulates the proper ties of the magnetic field to increase the torque transfer between the user interface surface and the housing.

In an embodiment of the rotary control device the rotary control device further com prises a servo actuator that is embodied to apply torque directly and/or indirectly to the user interface surface in accordance with said governing signals output by the processing unit.

In an embodiment of the rotary control device when a torque is applied externally to the user interface surface for rotating the user interface surface to an orientation var ying from the primary orientation the servo actuator serves to apply a torque in a di rection opposite of the rotational movement, in a rotational direction of the primary orientation, such that when the manually applied torque is removed, the user inter face surface rotates to the primary orientation.

When a position and/or orientation of the user interface surface remains constant in the absence of a force applied the device from an external source, then this position and/or orientation of the user interface surface can be referred to as a stable position. On the other hand, when the user interface surface does not remain in a certain posi tion or orientation, because for example a mechanism of the device applies a force internally, then this position and/or orientation can be referred to as being non-stable.

A position of the user interface surface in the sense of the invention refers to the placement of the user interface surface within a plane spatially displaced from the housing of the device by a specified distance. An orientation of the user interface sur face in the sense of the invention refers to a rotational displacement of the user inter face surface around the rotational axis of the device by a specific degree of rotation with respect to an initial setting of the user interface surface with reference to the housing.

In an embodiment of the rotary control device the magnetorheological actuator com prises a rotational element that is mechanically connected to the user interface sur face and serves to interact with a magnetorheological fluid of the magnetorheological actuator, and wherein the magnetorheological actuator comprises an assembly for generating and/or manipulating properties of a magnetic field acting on the magne torheological fluid for modulating torque transmission between the user interface sur face and the housing. The state of the magneto-rheological fluid of the device defines the torque transmis sion properties of the rotary control device. To influence the state of the fluid, a volt age is supplied to the assembly and varied to induce changes in a surrounding mag netic field that affects the viscosity of the fluid. Depending on the magnetic field, in particular depending on properties of the magnetic field such as intensity and/or di rection, the MRF can vary between liquid and solid state. These changes can be con trolled very accurately. In a fluid state, MRF transfers little to no torque between the rotational element and the housing. However, as the viscosity increases and the fluid approaches a solid state, the sheer forces within the fluid and between the fluid and the rotational element as well as between the fluid and the housing, or a component attached fixedly to the housing, increases. This in turn increases torque transfer be tween the user interface surface and the housing.

In an embodiment of the rotary control device the processing unit is embodied to out put governing signals for governing the assembly for generating and/or manipulating the properties of the magnetic field on the basis of sensor data from the sensor unit.

In an embodiment of the rotary control device the sensor unit of the device further comprises a sensor for monitoring the torque applied to the user interface surface.

In an embodiment of the rotary control device the sensor unit of the device further monitors the acceleration of the rotational movement of the user interface surface with respect to the housing.

In an embodiment of the rotary control device the rotational element comprises a chamber containing the magnetorheological fluid, and in that a static element is pro vided, which is fixedly arranged with respect to the housing and arranged at least partially within the chamber, such that the torque transmission between inner surface of the chamber of the rotational element and the static element is dependent on the properties of a magnetic field.

In an embodiment of the rotary control device the rotational element is embodied to rotate within a chamber of the actuator containing the magnetorheological fluid, said chamber being fixedly arranged with respect to the housing, such that the torque transmission between the rotational element and an inner surface of the chamber is dependent on the properties of a magnetic field.

In an embodiment of the rotary control device a spring element provided, and in that a connecting element is provided serves to detachably connect the user interface surface with the housing via the spring element when the rotary control device is in a steering mode, such that a rotational force applied to the device externally is stored in the spring element and when the external force is removed, the energy is released as a rotational force for rotating the user interface surface back to the primary position.

Certain embodiments of the invention will next be explained in detail with reference to the following figures. They show:

Fig. 1 a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the inventive rotary control device;

Fig. 2 a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the inventive rotary control device;

Fig. 3 a force progression diagram according to an embodiment of the in ventive rotary control device; and

Fig. 4a, b a exemplary plot of the permitted turning angles of a vehicle with re spect to the velocity of the vehicle, and a corresponding plot of maxi mum rotational angles of the device corresponding to a defined safety critical turn angle as shown in Fig. 4a.

Fig. 1 shows a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the inventive rotary control device 1 having a user interface surface 3, which can be moved and rotated by a user or operator of a vehicle. The user interface surface can be rotated around a ro tational axis 7 of the device 1 to various orientations A1. The user interface surface 3 can furthermore be moved by a user or operator of the vehicle between a first, sec ond and third position P1 , P2, P3.

The device 1 comprises a housing 5, which at least partially encloses a processing unit 11 mounted on a substrate 15, which is a printed circuit board. The processing unit 11 is connected to a communications interface 13. Via the communications in terface 13 signals such as control signals Ts can be transmitted and received. The processing unit 11 is further connected to a sensor unit 9 which serves to monitor the rotational movement and/or orientation of the user interface surface with respect to the housing 5. The sensor unit 9 transmits sensor data Ds to the processing unit 11 and on the basis of this sensor data Ds, the processing unit 11 can generate control signals to transmit via the communications interface 13.

The device further comprises an assembly 17 for generating and manipulating a magnetic field in a chamber 19 of the housing 5. The chamber contains a magne- torheological fluid 21 also known as MRF. Positioned partially within the chamber is a rotational element 23. The rotational element 23 is mechanically connected to the user interface surface 3 and rotates with the rotation of the interface3.

Corresponding to changes in properties of the magnetic field caused by the assembly 17, such as field strength and direction, the magnetorheological fluid 12 varies in vis cosity so to speak. Therefore, in a corresponding way, the fluid transfers more or less torque between the user interface surface 3 and the housing 5 of the device 1. This is due to the changing sheer forces within the fluid and between the fluid and the cham ber wall. Since the housing 5 of the device is generally fixedly mounted within the ve hicle, the assembly can be considered to modulate a sort of braking force acting on the user interface surface 3. Such systems comprising MRF 21 in a chamber 19, ro tational elements 23, and assemblies 17 for manipulating the magnetic field within the chamber 19 are often referred to as MRF-Actuators. The processing unit 11 is embodied to output governing signals for controlling the assembly 17. The assembly 17 can, for example, be driven by a circuit on the substrate 15 feeding the assembly 17 with a pulsed width modulated (PWM) current or voltage in accordance with the governing signals from the processing unit 11. The device further comprises a servo actuator 25, which engages with the rotational element 23 and can therefore apply torque to the user interface surface 3. When a steering mode of the rotary control device 1 is active, the servo actuator 25 can apply torque to the user interface surface 3 in accordance with governing signals received from the processing unit. The processing unit 11 can generate these control signals on the basis of vehicle data supplied to it via the communications interface 13. This vehicle data can comprise wheel alignment information, speed information, chassis information, and so on, but also information regarding the current orientation of the user interface surface 3 and information about a torque currently being applied exter nally by a user, for example. Based on this information, the processor 11 can gener ate governing signals that cause the servo actuator 25 to apply torque such that a haptic response to the rotary control device 1 is conferred to the user or operator, simulating the active haptic response a conventional steering wheel would provide. For example, when the vehicle runs over a pothole at a certain speed while turning, the wheels are affected, and this effect can traditionally be monitored and corrected by a driver holding the steering wheel. In a steer by wire system, these effects must be generated by an actuator system such as the one shown here, to provide the op erator with a chance to make corrections.

Fig. 2 shows a schematic diagram of a second embodiment of the inventive rotary control device, wherein no servo actuator 25 for providing an active haptic influence on the user interface surface 3. Instead, the rotary control device 1 comprises a spring element 27. The spring element 27 can be mechanically connected and dis connected to a rotational element connected to the user interface surface 3 via an at taching element 29. The attaching element 29 can comprise a lifting magnet with a pin for example. When the rotary control device 1 is in a steering mode, the spring el ement 27 attaches to the rotational element 23 and serves to create a restoring force on the user interface surface 3, such that in the absence of an external force, the ro tary control device returns to a primary orientation, thereby simulating the behavior of a traditional steering wheel. Fig. 3 shows a force progression diagram according to an embodiment of the in ventive rotary control device 1 , wherein the torque applied to the user interface sur face 3 in the direction of the primary orientation is shown as a function of the differ ence in alignment between the momentum vector of the vehicle and the direction of the wheels. When the wheels and the momentum of the vehicle are aligned, the a servo actuator 25 is not required to apply a large torque because in a conventional steering wheel would not, under these circumstances, pull back to the middle, gener ally because the a wheel under such circumstances is already approximately in a pri mary orientation when the vehicle is moving the direction of the wheels.

When a the rotary control device 1 is rotated away from the primary position and sends controls signals to steering actuators such that the wheels misalign with a cur rent direction of momentum, then the actuating force of the servo actuator 25 rises.

Fig. 4a shows an exemplary plot of the permitted turning angles of a vehicle with re spect to the velocity of the vehicle. That is, when a vehicle is stationary, the wheels can turn to a maximum rotational alignment with respect to a forwards-reverse axis of the vehicle. This can typically be an angle such as +/-45 degrees. When the vehicle is traveling at a high velocity E, the wheels can physically still turn to this maximum turning angle, or alignment, but this could cause the vehicle to flip, or lose traction. Therefore, for velocities greater than zero, a maximum safety critical angle can be defined, over which the alignment of the wheels should not be permitted to turn. This critical turn angle can be defined dynamically as shown in Fig. 4a, or could be a sim ple two stage definition, wherein for example, above a velocity of X, the maximum permissible alignment of the wheels is only permitted to be half of the permissible alignment at a speed below the threshold velocity X.

Fig. 4b shows a complimentary plot to that of Fig. 4a, showing maximum rotational angles of a rotatable part of the device, and relatedly the rotational angles in variance from a primary orientation of the rotatable part at which the magnetorheological actu ator applies a braking moment to prevent further turning. The rotational angles shown A, B,C, D, E corresponding to a defined safety critical turn angles defined on the ba sis of velocity as demonstrated in Fig. 4a. The rotary control device, and in particular the magnetorheological actuator applies a braking moment to the rotatable part of the device, or the user interface surface, such that at these rotational angles of the de vice, the rotatable part is not permitted to rotate any further without the application of a much greater torque by the user or operator. These rotational orientations repre sent blocks, which can be dynamically implemented by the actuator on the basis of information received about the velocity of the vehicle, or other information provided, such as sensor data, for example.

Reference Characters

I Rotary control device

3 user interface surface

5 housing

7 rotational axis

9 sensor unit

I I processing unit

13 communications interface

15 substrate/PCB

17 assembly for generating/manipulating magnetic field

19 chamber

21 magnetorheological fluid

23 rotational element

25 servo actuator

27 spring element

29 attaching element

X1 first direction

X2 second direction

P1 first position

P2 second position

P3 third position

Claims

Patent Claims

1 . Rotary control device (1 ) for steering a vehicle, comprising a magnetorheologi- cal actuator (17, 19, 21 , 23) for manipulating a braking moment incident on a ro tatable part of the rotary control device (1), characterized in that the magnetorheo- logical actuator is embodied to manipulate the braking moment such that the ro tatable part is prevented from rotating beyond a predetermined maximum degree of rotation corresponding to a maximum turning alignment of traction guiding parts of a vehicle, in particular wheels.

2. Rotary control device (1 ) according to claim 1 , characterized in that the magne- torheological actuator (17, 19, 21 , 23) is embodied to manipulate the braking mo ment such that the rotatable part is prevented from rotating beyond a variable safety degree of rotation, said safety degree of rotation being smaller than the predetermined maximum degree of rotation, and said safety degree of rotation be ing determined on the basis of vehicle state information, in particular a current ve locity of the vehicle.

3. Rotary control device (1) according to at least one of the previous claims com prising a user interface surface (3) that is embodied to rotate with respect to a housing (5) of the device around a rotational axis (7) of the device, further com prising a sensor unit (9) for monitoring the orientation and/or rotational movement of the user interface surface (3) with respect to the housing (5), a processing unit (11 ), and a communications interface (13) for transmitting control signals (Ts) ac cording to an output (Op) from the processing unit (11 ), said output being gener ated by the processing unit (11 ) on the basis of sensor data (Ds) from the sensor unit (9), characterized in that the rotary control device (1) further comprises a magnetorheological actuator (17, 19, 21 , 23) having a rotational element (23) that is mechanically connected to the user interface surface (23), wherein rotational movement of the rotational element (23) is dependent on properties of a magnetic field, and in that the magnetorheological actuator (17, 19, 21 , 23) is embodied to generate and/or manipulate the properties of the magnetic field according to gov erning signals (Gs) from the processing unit (11 ).

4. Rotary control device (1) according to at least one of the previous claims, char acterized in that the processing unit (11) generates said governing signals (Gs) based at least partially on information regarding vehicle velocity, acceleration, and/or wheel position, wherein the communications interface (13) is embodied to receive said information and provide the information to the processing unit (11).

5. Rotary control device (1) according to at least one of the previous claims, char acterized in that the processing unit (11) is embodied to generate said governing signals based at least partially on sensor information (Ds) generated by the sen sor unit (9) regarding a variation of the orientation of the user interface surface (3) from a primary orientation of the user interface surface (3), said primary orienta tion being an orientation at which the communications interface (13) transmits a control signal (Ts) for aligning traction guiding parts of a vehicle, in particular wheels, such that the vehicle is guided in a direction defined by a forwards-re- verse axis of the vehicle and/or in a direction corresponding to the current direc tion of momentum of the vehicle.

6. Rotary control device (1) according to at least one of the previous claims, char acterized in that when a torque is applied externally to the user interface surface (3) for rotating the user interface surface (3) to an orientation varying from the pri mary orientation, the processing unit (11) generates governing signals (Gs) such that the magnetorheological actuator (17, 19, 21 , 23) generates and/or manipu lates the properties of the magnetic field to increase the torque transfer between the user interface surface (3) and the housing (5).

7. Rotary control device (1) according to at least one of the previous claims, char acterized in that the rotary control device (1) further comprises a servo actuator (25) that is embodied to apply torque directly and/or indirectly to the user interface surface (3) in accordance with said governing signals (Gs) output by the pro cessing unit (11).

8. Rotary control device (1) according to at least one of the previous claims, char acterized in that when a torque is applied externally to the user interface surface (3) for rotating the user interface surface (3) to an orientation varying from the pri mary orientation the servo actuator (25) serves to apply a torque in a direction op posite of the rotational movement, in a rotational direction of the primary orienta tion, such that when the manually applied torque is removed, the user interface surface (3) rotates to the primary orientation.

9. Rotary control device (1) according to at least one of the previous claims, char acterized in that the magnetorheological actuator (17, 19, 21, 23) comprises a ro tational element (23) that is mechanically connected to the user interface surface (3) and serves to interact with a magnetorheological fluid (21 ) of the magnetorhe ological actuator, and wherein the magnetorheological actuator comprises an as sembly (17) for generating and/or manipulating properties of a magnetic field act ing on the magnetorheological fluid (21) for modulating torque transmission be tween the user interface surface (3) and the housing (5).

10. Rotary control device (1) according to at least one of the previous claims, characterized in that the processing unit (11) is embodied to output governing sig nals (Gs) for governing the assembly (17) for generating and/or manipulating the properties of the magnetic field on the basis of sensor data (Ds) from the sensor unit (9).

11. Rotary control device (1 ) according to at least one of the previous claims, characterized in that the sensor unit (9) of the device (1 ) further comprises a sen sor for monitoring the torque applied to the user interface surface (3).

12. Rotary control device (1) according to at least one of the previous claims, characterized in that the sensor unit (9) of the device (1 ) further monitors the ac celeration of the rotational movement of the user interface surface (3) with respect to the housing (5).

13. Rotary control device (1) according to at least one of the previous claims, characterized in that the rotational element (23) comprises a chamber (19) con taining the magnetorheological fluid (21), and in that a static element is provided, which is fixedly arranged with respect to the housing (5) and arranged at least partially within the chamber (19), such that the torque transmission between inner surface of the chamber (19) of the rotational element (23) and the static element is dependent on the properties of a magnetic field.

14. Rotary control device (1) according to at least one of the previous claims, characterized in that the rotational element (23) is embodied to rotate within a chamber (19) of the actuator containing the magnetorheological fluid, said cham ber (19) being fixedly arranged with respect to the housing (5), such that the torque transmission between the rotational element (23) and an inner surface of the chamber (19) is dependent on the properties of a magnetic field.

15. Rotary control device according to at least one of the previous claims, charac terized in that a spring element (27) provided, and in that a connecting element (29) is provided serves to detachably connect the user interface surface (3) with the housing (5) via the spring element (27) when the rotary control device (1) is in a steering mode, such that a rotational force applied to the device (1) externally is stored in the spring element (27) and when the external force is removed, the en ergy is released as a rotational force for rotating the user interface surface (3) back to the primary position.