CN1108152C - 口服雷怕霉素配方 - Google Patents
口服雷怕霉素配方 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1108152C CN1108152C CN94116780A CN94116780A CN1108152C CN 1108152 C CN1108152 C CN 1108152C CN 94116780 A CN94116780 A CN 94116780A CN 94116780 A CN94116780 A CN 94116780A CN 1108152 C CN1108152 C CN 1108152C
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- Prior art keywords
- rapamycin
- prescription
- solution
- concentration
- composition
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Abstract
本发明提供新的口服雷怕霉素配方,其中每100ml配方中含有约0.01g-约5.0g雷怕霉素,约0.05-约10vol%表面活性剂,和约75-约99.95vol%磷脂或卵磷脂溶液,其中磷脂或卵磷脂为40-75wt%。
Description
本发明涉及含雷怕霉素或其药用盐的配方或组合物,这类配方或组合物可经口服而用于诱发免疫抑制并用于治疗移植排斥反应,host vs.graft疾病,自身免疫疾病,炎症,实体肿瘤(solid tumors),真菌感染,成人T细胞白血病/淋巴瘤和过度增生的血管疾病。
雷怕霉素(rapamycin)为Streptomyces hygroscopicus产生的大环内酯抗菌素,首先发现该抗菌素具有作为抗真菌剂的性能。该抗菌素对真菌如Candida albicans和Microsporum gypseum的生长带来不利影响。在1975年12月30日出版的US 3929992(SurendraSehgal et al.)中对雷怕霉素,其制备方法及其抗菌活性作了说明。在1977年,Martel,R.R.et al.在Canadian.Journal of PhysiologicalPharmacology,55,48-51(1977)中报道了雷怕霉素抗实验变应性脑炎和adjuvant关节炎的免疫抑制性能。在1989年,Calne,R.Y.etal.在Lancet,1989,No.2,p.227中以及Morris,R.E.和Meiser,B.M.在Medicinal Science Research,1989,No.17,p.609-10中又分别报道了雷怕霉素在同种异基因移植过程中体内抑制排斥反应方面的效果。后来的大量论文都说明了雷怕霉素的免疫抑制和排斥抑制性能,并且已开始在人体内进行移植的过程中应用雷怕霉素抑制排斥反应的临床研究。
雷怕霉素本身(US 4885171)或与picibanil一起(US 4401653)已显示出抗肿瘤活性。 R.Martel et al.[Can.J.Physiol.Pharmacol.55,48(1977)]提出,雷怕霉素可有效用于实验变应性脑脊髓炎模型(model),多发性硬化模型;用于adjuvant关节炎模型,类风湿性关节炎模型;并有效抑制IgE样抗体的形成。
FASEB 3,3411(1989)中已公开了雷怕霉素的免疫抑制作用。环孢子菌素(cyclosporin)A和FK-506,其它大环分子亦已显示出作为免疫抑制剂的作用,因此可用于预防移植排斥反应[FASEB 3,3411(1989);FASEB 3,5256(1989);R.Y.Calne et al.,Lancet 1183(1978);以及US 5100899]。
还已表明雷怕霉素可用于预防或治疗全身红斑狼疮[US5078999],肺炎[US 5080899],低赖于胰岛素的糖尿病[Fifth Int.Conf.Inflamm.Res.Assoc.121(Abstract),(1990)],以及平滑肌增生和血管损伤后的内膜肥厚[Morris,R.J.,Heart Lung Transplant11(pt.2):197(1992)]。
雷怕霉素的一和二酰化衍生物(在28和43位酯化)已显示出作为抗真菌剂的作用(US 4316885)并已应用于制备雷怕霉素的水溶性前体药物(US 4650803)。最近,雷怕霉素的计位规则已有改变;因此根据Chemical Abstracts命名法,上述酯在31和42位。US5118678提出了雷怕霉素的氨基甲酸酯,这些酯可用作免疫抑制剂,消炎剂,抗真菌剂和抗肿瘤剂。US 5100883提出了雷怕霉素的氟化酯。US 5118677提出了雷怕霉素的酰胺酯。US 5130307提出了雷怕霉素的氨基酯。US 5117203提出了雷怕霉素的磺酸酯和氨基磺酸酯。US 5194447提出了雷怕霉素的磺酰氨基甲酸酯。
US 5100899(Calne)提出了应用雷怕霉素及其衍生物和前体药物抑制移植排斥反应的方法。所列出的可与雷怕霉素一起应用的其它化学治疗剂为[硝基]咪唑嘌呤(azathioprine),皮质甾类,环孢子菌素(环孢子菌素A),以及FK-506,或其任何混合物。
目前,人体器官的同种异基因移植过程中排斥反应的主要免疫抑制剂为环孢子菌素(SandimmuneR)。环孢子菌素是由11种氨基酸组成的环状多肽。SandimmuneR(IV)的可静脉内注射的配方为无菌安瓿,其中每ml含50mg环孢子菌素,650mg CremophorREL和醇Ph Helv.(32.9体积%)(氮气氛下)。至于给药方式,可在用前用0.9% Sodium Chloride Injection或5% Dextrose Injection进一步稀释该混合物(Physicians′Desk Reference,45th ed.,1991,pp.1962-64,Medical Economics Company,Inc.)。标示为FK-506的大环内酯分子与雷怕霉素之间有某些结构上的相似之处,目前也正进行在人体同种异基因器官移植过程中抑制排斥反应的临床研究。FK-506是从Streptomyces tsuskubaensis中分离出来的,在1990年1月16日出版的US 4894366(Okuhara et al.)中作了说明。R.Venkataramanan et al.在Transplantation Proceedings,22,No.1,Suppl.,1 pp.52-56(February 1990)中提出用聚氧乙烯化蓖麻油(HCO-60,表面活性剂)和醇以10mg FK-506/ml溶液的形式提供可静脉内注射的FK-506配方。这种可静脉内注射的制剂必须用盐水或葡萄糖稀释后再输注1-2小时。
Physicians′Desk Reference(45th ed.,1991,p.2119,MedicalEconomics Company,Inc.)以SandimmuneR商名列出环孢子菌素,可以浓度为25mg和100mg的胶囊和50ml瓶装的口服液形式得到。25mg胶囊含有25mg环孢子菌素,USP,和醇,USP脱水的,最大浓度为12.7vol%(体积百分比)。100mg胶囊含有环孢子菌素USP,100mg和醇,USP脱水的,最大浓度为12.7vol%。口服胶囊中的无活性成分为玉米油,明胶,甘油,Labrafil M 2125 CS(聚氧乙烯化糖解甘油酯),红色氧化铁,山梨糖醇,二氧化钛,及其它成分。口服溶液可以50mg的瓶装形式得到,其中含有环孢子菌素,USP,100mg和Ph.Helv.醇,以12.5vol%的浓度溶于橄榄油,Ph.Helv./Labrafil M1944 CS(聚氧乙烯化油酸甘油酯)载体,口服之前必须进一步用牛奶,巧克力奶或橙汁稀释。
[硝基]咪唑嘌呤(可从Burroughs Wellcome Co.,ResearchTriangle Park,N.C.得到,商名为ImuranR)为另一口服免疫抑制剂,可单独或与其它免疫抑制剂混合应用。Physicians′DeskReference(45th ed.,1991,pp.785-787,Medical EconomicsCompany,Inc.)将[硝基]咪唑嘌呤列为6-[1-甲基-4-硝基咪唑-5-基)硫代]嘌代]嘌呤,可做成scored片剂口服,该片剂含有50mg[硝基]咪唑嘌呤和无活性成分乳糖,硬脂酸镁,马铃薯淀粉,povidone和硬脂酸。
现已设计了药物输送方法,用以将药剂按符合要求的剂量传输给病人。在口服配方情况下,尤其希望提供满足这一要求的剂型,在临床或非临床情况下,该剂型可有效地投药,优选的是自己投服。本发明涉及可用于口服雷怕霉素的配方。已表明雷怕霉素具有体内免疫抑制,抗真菌和消炎活性,并且可在体外抑制胸腺细胞增生。因此,这些配方可用于治疗Candida albicans感染,炎症和移植排斥反应,自身免疫疾病,包括狼疮,类风湿性关节炎,糖尿病,多发性硬化等。
由于本发明公开的配方含有雷怕霉素,所以可认为这类配方具有抗肿瘤,抗真菌和抗增生活性。因此,本发明配方可用于治疗移植如心脏,肾脏,肝脏,骨髓和皮肤移植后的排斥反应;自身免疫疾病,如狼疮,类风湿性关节炎,糖尿病,重症肌无力和多发性硬化;炎症如牛皮癣,皮炎,湿疹,皮脂溢,炎性肠疾病和眼色素层炎;实体肿瘤;真菌感染;以及过度增生的血管疾病如restenosis。本发明因而也提供可用于需要时诱发哺乳动物免疫抑制的配方。这类诱发的方式包括给所说哺乳动物投服免疫抑制量的一或多种本发明配方。
本发明配方也可以制成单组分,即雷怕霉素在由溶剂,表面活性剂和磷脂溶液组成的非水体系中的备用溶液,可将其制成可长期配合免疫抑制疗法应用的符合要求的剂型,这些剂型具有抗肿瘤,抗真菌和抗增生活性。在药物浓度可使其溶解于其余成分的情况下,可对单组分体系进行调节以去除溶剂。当然,本发明另一方面也可制成双组分体系,其中包括100%雷怕霉素的干组分填料和稀释剂或药物浓缩物和稀释剂。其它填料如乳糖或甘露糖醇可用作这类体系中干组分的一部分。
一般说来,本发明配方或组合物包括a)雷怕霉素,b)表面活性剂,以及c)卵磷脂或磷脂溶液按下列浓度(按每100ml配方计)组合的那些配方或组合物:
a)雷怕霉素,浓度为为约0.01g-约5.0g/100ml;以及
b)溶剂体系,其中包括:
i)表面活性剂,浓度为约0.05ml-约10ml/100ml;和
ii)卵磷脂或磷脂溶液,浓度为约75ml-约99.95ml/100ml,该溶液为一或多种合适的溶剂中含约40-约75wt%(重量百分比)卵磷脂或磷脂的溶液。
更优选的本发明配方包括具有以下浓度(按100ml配方计)的配方:
a)雷怕霉素,浓度为约0.03g-约1.0g/100ml;
b)表面活性剂,浓度为约0.10ml-约5ml/100ml;以及
c)卵磷脂或磷脂溶液,浓度为约90ml-约99.9ml/100ml,该溶液为一或多种合适的溶剂中含约40-约70wt%卵磷脂或磷脂的溶液。
更为优选的本发明配方包括各成分浓度处于以下范围的配方:
a)雷怕霉素,浓度为约0.05g-约0.5g/100ml;
b)表面活性剂,浓度为约0.5ml-约5ml/100ml;以及
c)卵磷脂或磷脂溶液,浓度为约95ml-约99.5ml/100ml,该溶液为一或多种合适的溶剂中含给40-约60wt%卵磷脂或磷脂的溶液。
这些配方中雷怕霉素剂量要求可根据所呈现症状的严重性和所治疗的具体病人而定。就每公斤病人体重而言,本发明化合物的每日规定口服剂量可为0.005-75mg/kg,优选为0.01-50mg/kg,更优选为0.05-10mg/kg。
一般用小于优选剂量的少量本发明化合物开始治疗。然后,再加大剂量,直到在这些情况下达到优化效果为止。准确的剂量要由用药医务人员根据所治疗的个体凭经验确定。一般来说,本发明化合物最希望以这样的浓度服用,即在该浓度下可达到有效的冶疗结果,但同时又不会引起任何有害的或损伤性副作用。
可采用常用于口服液体药剂的方式给病人服用本发明配方。这些配方本身即可服用,亦可将其分散在液体如水或果汁中。这些配方也可包入胶囊如药用淀粉胶囊中或软弹性明胶(SEG)胶囊之中。口服雷怕霉素可分散在水中,其范围为将约1份配方加入约9份水中直到将约1份配方加入约499份水中,然后混合最少约60秒钟。该分散液在用药前混合约1小时再使用。
除了下述溶剂之外,也可用许多溶剂使本发明配方中的药物溶解。这类溶剂包括,但不仅限于,二甲基乙酰胺,乙醇,二甲基甲酰胺,甘油,聚乙二醇,叔丁醇和丙二醇。应注意到,这些溶剂的量可随药物浓度而加大。另一方面,溶剂量也可随药物浓度而减少,并且若药物溶解度允许,也可仅用卵磷脂作为溶剂。
可与本发明的配方一起应用的表面活性剂包括,但不仅限于,Polysorbate 20(聚氧乙烯20脱水山梨糖醇一月桂酸酯),Polysorbate 60,Span 80R Sorbitan Oleate,ICI Americas,Wilmington,DE的产品,BASF Corporation,Parsippany,NJ生产的CremophorR表面活性剂,和Polysorbate 80,该产品由Merck &Co.,Inc.出版的Merck Index,11th Edition,Copyright 1989,page1254中定义为脱水山梨糖醇(Sorbitan)一-9-十八碳烯酸酯聚(氧-1,2-亚乙基)衍生物,聚氧乙烯(20)脱水山梨糖醇一油酸酯,脱水山梨糖醇(Sorbitan)一油酸酯聚氧乙烯,Sorlate,Tween 80等,并且指出山梨糖醇及其酐的油酸酯中每mol山梨糖醇和山梨糖醇酐可与大约20mol环氧乙烷共聚。 Polysorbate 80为优选用于本发明的表面活性剂。
许多磷脂溶液也可用于本发明配方。优选的是,本发明配方中的磷脂溶液包括卵磷脂溶液。卵磷脂为通用名称,代表磷脂酰胆碱或与磷酸胆碱酯相连的硬脂酸,棕榈酸和油酸的各种甘油二酯的混合物。各种卵磷脂或卵磷脂源产品(如分离的磷脂)单独或与各种溶剂混合后可用作上述配方的最终成分。这些卵磷脂成分包括例如AlcolecR卵磷脂,由American Lecithin Company,Danbury,CT生产,Phosal50 PG丙二醇和卵磷脂,Phosal 50 MCT磷脂酰胆碱和中等链长甘油三酯,和Phospholipan 90R卵磷脂,这些产品均由NattermannPhospholipid GmbH,Colone,Grmany生产,CentrophilR和GentrophaseR卵磷脂,由Central Soya,Fort Wayne,IN生产。优选的是,用于本发明配方的磷脂溶液具有至少50%的磷脂浓度。更具体地讲,用于本发明配方的磷脂溶液为含有至少50%磷脂酰胆碱的卵磷脂产品或溶液。同样优选的是,磷脂溶液包括在丙二醇中的磷脂。
还应注意到,本发明配方中还可加入常用于口服配方中的其它成分,例如,但不仅限于,提味剂,着色剂,助剂或辅药,抗真菌剂,抗细菌剂等。
可以认为,在本发明配方用作免疫抑制剂或抗炎抑制剂时,这些制剂可与一或多种其它免疫调节剂一起应用。这类其它的抗排斥反应化学治疗剂包括,但并不仅限于,[硝基]咪唑嘌呤,皮质甾炎,如泼尼松和甲基泼尼松龙,环磷酰胺,环孢子菌素A,FK-506,OKT-3以及ATG。将一或多种本发明配方与可诱发免疫抑制或治疗炎症的这类其它药物或制剂混合使用,达到要求效果所需的每种制剂用量就会减少。这种组合疗法的基础由Stepkowski建立起来,其结果表明将不足治疗剂量的雷怕霉素和环孢子菌素A组合使用可明显延长心脏同种异基因移植的存活时间(Transplantation Proc.23:507(1991)]。
以下优选配方和工艺举例说明本发明配方,但本发明并不仅限于这些举例。
实施例1
1mg/ml的口服雷怕霉素
可按下述工艺和以下所列活性和无活性成分配制浓度为1mg/ml的口服雷怕霉素配方:
分批配方活性成分 浓度 加入量 10,000瓶雷怕霉素@100% 1.00mg/ml 0.025g 0.250kg无活性成分:Polysorbate 80,NF 10.8mg/ml 0.270g 2.700kgPhosal 50 PG 丙二醇和卵磷脂q.s.ad 1.00ml 25.0ml 250.0L或 1.005gm或 25.125g 251.25kg最终配方密度-1.005g/ml
若雷怕霉素的效力低于100%,则加入量必须加以调节,以达到所要求的效力。
制备方法
工序:
1.将雷怕霉素称重加入适当的容器中,
2.将Polysorbate 80加入第#1步的容器中,
3.用Phosal 50 PG调为最终体积,
4.混合,直到雷怕霉素溶解为止,
5.将25ml±1.25ml(25.125g±1.256g)装入每一盎司琥珀玻璃瓶中,并优选用小孩不易揭开的盖将瓶密封。
为了提高可润湿性和使溶解易于进行,上列各成分按其量的另一加料顺序如下:
1.Polysorbate 80,
2.部分Phosal 50 PG丙二醇和卵磷脂,
3.雷怕霉素,
4.其余Phosal 50 PG丙二醇和卵磷脂。
这些配方中的雷怕霉素也可用研磨机或研体和杵粉碎并经过80目筛。
实施例2
5mg/ml的口服雷怕霉素
可按下述工艺和以下所列活性和无活性成分配制浓度为5mg/ml的口服雷怕霉素配方:
分批配方活性成分 浓度 加入量 10,000瓶雷怕霉素@100% 5.00mg 0.125g 1.250kg无活性成分:Polysorbate 80,NF 10.8mg 0.270g 2.70kgPhosal 50 PG 丙二醇和卵磷脂q.s.ad 1.00ml 25.0ml 250.0L或 1.005gm或 25.125g或 251.25kg最终配方浓度-1.005g/ml
若雷怕霉素的效力低于100%,则加入量必须加以调节,以达到所要求的效力。
5mg/ml的口服雷怕霉素配方的配制和贮存工艺步骤同于实施例1所述,并且各成分另一加料顺序和粉碎方法亦相同。
实施例3
用下列成分及随后所说明的方法制备实施例3的配方:
成分 量
雷怕霉素@100% 最多达到1.0gm
Polysorbate 80,NF 1.0ml或1.08gm
Phosal 50 PG卵磷脂
和丙二醇q.s. 100ml或100.5gm
配制方法
1.将雷怕霉素称重加入适当的容器中,
2.将Polysorbate 80加入节#1步的容器中,
3.用Phosal 50-PGR丙二醇和卵磷脂调为最终体积,
4.混合,直到得到溶液为止。
另一方面,该配方也可装在适当的容器中或封装在胶囊中。
给Cynomolgus猴投服上述实施例3的配方,雷怕霉素剂量为0.25mg/kg,投药后指定时间测得下列血清浓度:
口服分散液0.25mg/kg后
猴血清中雷怕霉素浓度
雷怕霉素浓度(μg/ml)时间(小时) A B C D E F0 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000.25 0.012 0.001 0.005 0.000 0.000 0.000.50 0.014 0.000 0.024 0.004 0.000 0.0031 0.011 0.002 0.021 0.006 0.003 0.0042 0.005 0.019 0.008 0.004 0.007 0.0034 0.002 0.006 0.007 0.003 0.006 0.0028 0.002 0.004 0.005 0.003 0.002 0.00112 0.001 0.002 0.003 0.002 0.001 0.00124 0.001 0.002 0.001 0.001 0.002 0.00136 0.000 0.002 0.001 0.001 0.000 0.000
实施例4
配方 成分
雷怕霉素@100% 最多达到2.5grams
Polysorbate 80,NF 5.0ml或5.4gm
无水乙醇 12.67ml或10.0gm
Phosal 50 PG卵磷脂
和丙二醇q.s. 100ml
可根据下述步骤制成该配方:
1.将雷怕霉素称重加入适当的容器中,
2.将无水乙醇加入第#1步的容器中,混合直到溶解为止,
3.将Polysorbate 80加入第#2步的容器中,混合直到均匀为止,
4.加入Phosal 50 PG卵磷脂和丙二醇并调为最终体积。
5.混合,直到均匀为止。
另一方面,该配方也可装在适当的容器中或封装在胶囊中。
给Cynomolgus猴投服上述配方,雷怕霉素剂量为0.25mg/kg,投药后指定时间测得下列血清浓度:
口服分散液0.25mg/kg后
猴血清中雷怕霉素浓度
雷怕霉素浓度(μg/ml)
猴号时间(小时) A B C D E F0 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000.25 --- 0.025 0.007 0.010 0.007 0.003.50 0.008 0.030 0.027 0.004 0.016 0.0121 0.050 0.022 0.051 0.006 0.051 0.0112 0.026 0.026 0.026 0.019 0.025 0.0064 0.008 0.011 0.020 0.005 0.018 0.0068 0.008 0.004 0.00g 0.003 0.011 0.00312 0.004 0.002 0.006 0.005 0.007 0.00324 0.002 --- 0.004 0.002 0.004 0.00136 0.000 0.003 0.003 0.001 0.003 0.002
按0.25mg/kg浓度口服SEG胶
囊后猴血清中雷怕霉素浓度
雷怕霉素浓度(μg/ml)
猴号时间(小时) A B C D E F0 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000.25 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.001 0.001.50 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.010 0.0061 0.030 0.013 0.001 0.000 0.019 0.0052 0.014 0.024 0.014 0.002 0.014 0.0054 0.013 0.011 0.003 0.006 0.015 0.0048 0.007 0.004 0.002 0.002 0.007 0.00212 0.005 0.003 0.001 0.001 0.006 0.00124 0.003 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.003 0.00136 0.002 0.001 0.001 0.000 0.001 0.000
实施例5
本发明口服配方,如上述实施例1所述配方,也可制成胶囊封装形式,如将配方包封在淀粉或SEG胶囊中。以下工序说明了可用来制备这类包封配方的方法。
工序:
1)向容器中加入NF,Polysorbate 80,
2)向第#1步的Polysorbate 80中加入80%的要求Phosal 50PG,
3)将配方中的雷怕霉素组分称重加入第#2步的容器中,
4)用Phosal 50 PG调为最终配方重量,
5)让配方处于氮气氛下并保持到装填胶囊为止,
6)将配方混合,直到雷怕霉素溶解为止,
7)让配方溶液通过颗粒(如100目筛)或烧结玻璃过滤器,
8)用自动注射器分配装置将0.50ml第#7步所得物料装填入胶囊壳中并将胶囊密封,
9)在胶囊封装结束时将已装料的胶囊包装起来,其中优选包装例子为衬有可穿孔金属泊层的常见泡罩包装,
10)将最终的胶囊产品保存在避光的冷藏条件(2-8℃)下。
淀粉胶囊的主要胶囊密封剂可为5%Dextrin,NF,水溶液。在配合之前优选将净化水加热到50-60℃以促进Dextrin溶解。在应用之前,也可优选经适当的粒状过滤器使Dextrin溶液过滤。
生物可利用性
a)给Cynomolgus猴投服淀粉和SEG胶囊包封的实施例3配方,雷怕霉素剂量为0.25mg/kg,投药后指定时间测得下列血清浓度:
口服淀粉胶囊0.25mg/kg后
猴血清中雷怕霉素浓度
雷怕霉素浓度(μg/ml)时间(小时) A B C D E F0 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000.25 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000.50 0.000 0.000 0.005 0.000 0.005 0.0001 0.029 0.004 0.026 --- 0.008 0.0002 0.011 0.019 0.032 0.000 0.011 0.0044 0.007 0.009 0.011 0.002 0.007 0.0028 0.004 0.003 0.004 0.002 0.005 0.00212 0.002 0.001 --- 0.001 0.002 0.00124 0.001 0.000 0.002 0.001 0.001 0.00036 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
口服SEG胶囊0.25mg/kg后
猴血清中雷怕霉素浓度时间(小时) A B C D E F0 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000.25 0.005 0.002 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.002.50 0.001 0.001 0.002 0.002 0.001 0.0011 0.043 0.022 0.019 0.002 0.003 0.0122 0.027 0.030 0.019 0.002 0.010 0.0084 0.012 0.012 0.015 0.009 0.011 0.0068 0.008 0.006 0.009 0.004 0.006 0.00312 0.008 0.004 0.006 0.002 0.005 0.00224 0.006 0.003 0.005 0.001 0.002 0.00136 0.002 0.001 0.002 0.001 0.002 0.001
b)含雷怕霉素浓度6mg/kg的如上所述3mg淀粉胶囊配方给18-45岁的14个健康男人自愿者投服,并按下表中所指定时间间隔采集这些人的血样。应用有效的(ESP)-HPLC-MS方法对雷怕霉素血样进行试验,确定全血雷怕霉素浓度。
血样浓度投药后时间间隔(小时) (浓度=ng/ml)
0.33 0.41
0.67 6.53
1 8.57
2 8.27
3 5.54
4 3.96
5 3.10
8 1.93
12 1.47
18 1.05
24 0.80
48 0.54
比较例1
以下比较例说明用来投服水溶性差的药物的传统溶液,悬浮液或乳液,并且这些办法现已用于投服雷怕霉素以及用这些投服办法达到的雷怕霉素血样浓度水平。
这第一种标准配方应用含有各成分的稀释剂,并用以下步骤制成:
口服雷怕霉素配方的稀释剂
成分 量
Polysorbate 80,NF 5.0ml
0.5M柠檬酸(pH 4)q.s. 100ml
制备方法
1.制备0.5M柠檬酸溶液,
2.用50%w/w NaOH将第#1步的溶液的pH调为4.0,
3.将Polysorbate 80放入适当的容器,
4.用第#2步的溶液调为100ml(QS),
5.混合,直到均匀为止。
该稀释剂可用于按下列将雷怕霉素与稀释剂混合而制成口服雷怕霉素配方:
成分 量
微粒化雷怕霉素@100% 最多达到5.0gm
口服雷怕霉素稀释剂q.s. 100ml
制备方法
1.将雷怕霉素称重加入适当的容器中,
2.用雷怕霉素稀释剂调节(QS)
3.混合,直到均匀为止。
给Cynomolgus猴投服上述配方,雷怕霉素剂量为50mg/kg,投药后指定时间测得下列血清浓度:
雷怕霉素口服悬浮液按50mg/kg口服
后猴血清中雷怕霉素浓度
雷怕霉素浓度(μg/ml)
猴号
时间(小时) A B C
0 BDL BDL BDL
1 BDL BDL BDL
2 BDL BDL BDL
3 BDL BDL BDL
4 BDL BDL BDL
6 BDL BDL BDL
9 BDL BDL BDL
12 BDL BDL BDL
BDL=低于测定极限(测定极限=0.006μg/ml)
比较例2
以雷怕霉素作为活性成分的第二种传统的配方可用下列成分按后续所述方法得到:
口服雷怕霉素
成分 量
雷怕霉素@100% 5.0gm
二甲基乙酰胺 10.0gm
无水乙醇 10.0gm
Miglyol 812 q.s. 100ml
工序:
1.将雷怕霉素放入适当的容器中,
2.将二甲基乙酰胺和乙醇加入第#1步的容器中并混合直到得到溶液为止,
3.用Miglyol 812调节(QS)并混合直到均匀为止,
4.用0.2μm Teflon过滤器过滤该样品。
给Cynomolgus猴投服该第二种比较配方,雷怕霉素剂量为50mg/kg,投药后指定时间测得下列血清浓度:
雷怕霉素口服溶液按50mg/kg口服
后猴血清中雷怕霉素浓度
雷怕霉素浓度(g/ml)
猴号时间(小时) A B C0 BDL BDL BDL1 BDL BDL BDL2 BDL BDL BDL3 BDL BDL BDL4 BDL BDL BDL6 BDL BDL BDL9 BDL BDL BDL12 BDL BDL BDLBDL=低于测定极限(测定极限=0.006μg/ml)
比较例3
用下列成分并按后续所述方法得到第三种比较配方:
雷怕霉素口服乳液,浓度为50mg/ml
配方:
成分 量
雷怕霉素@100% 5.0gm
二甲基乙酰胺 10ml
橄榄油 q.s. 100ml
工序:
1.将雷怕霉素放入适当的容器中,
2.将二甲基乙酰胺加入第#1步的容器中并混合直到澄清为止,
3.用橄榄油调节(QS)并混合直到均匀为止。
给Cynomolgus猴投服该第三种比较配方,雷怕霉素剂量为50mg/kg,投药后指定时间测得下列血清浓度:
雷怕霉素口服乳液按50mg/kg口服
后猴血清中雷怕霉素浓度
雷怕霉素浓度(g/ml)
猴号时间 A B C0 BDL BDL BDL20分钟 BDL BDL BDL40分钟 BDL BDL BDL80分钟 BDL BDL BDL3小时 BDL BDL BDL6小时 BDL 0.110* BDL12小时 BDL BDL BDL24小时 BDL BDL BDLBDL=低于测定极限(测定极限=0.006μg/ml)*:实验室所得该试验结果似乎有些异常。
Claims (11)
1.物质组合物,其中每100ml组合物含有0.01g-5.0g雷怕霉素,和溶剂体系,该溶剂体系包括0.05-10体积%表面活性剂,和75-99.95体积%磷脂溶液,该溶液中磷脂为40-75重量%。
2.权利要求1的物质组合物,其中磷脂溶液为卵磷脂溶液。
3.权利要求1的物质组合物,其中含有0.03g-1.0g雷怕霉素/100ml,和溶剂体系,该溶剂体系包括0.10-5ml表面活性剂/100ml,和90-99.99ml磷脂溶液/100ml,该溶液中含有40-70重量%处于适当溶剂中的磷脂。
4.权利要求1的物质组合物,其中每100ml组合物含有0.05-0.5g雷怕霉素,0.5-5ml表面活性剂,和95-99.5ml的50%磷脂溶液。
5.权利要求1的物质组合物,其中每25ml组合物含有0.025g雷怕霉素,0.270g表面活性剂,和50%磷脂溶液加至25ml。
6.权利要求1的物质组合物,其中每25ml组合物含有0.125g雷怕霉素,0.270g表面活性剂,和50%磷脂溶液加至25ml。
7.权利要求1的物质组合物,其中每100ml组合物含有1.0g雷怕霉素,1.0ml表面活性剂,和50%磷脂溶液加至100ml。
8.权利要求1的物质组合物,其中该组合物包含在药用淀粉胶囊中。
9.权利要求1的物质组合物,其中该组合物包含在药用明胶胶囊中。
10.物质组合物,其中每100ml组合物包括2.5g雷怕霉素,5.0ml表面活性剂,12.67ml无水乙醇,和50%磷脂溶液加至100ml。
11.权利要求10的物质组合物,其中磷脂溶液为卵磷脂溶液。
Applications Claiming Priority (6)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US12952993A | 1993-09-30 | 1993-09-30 | |
US129,529 | 1993-09-30 | ||
US129529 | 1993-09-30 | ||
US301,179 | 1994-09-09 | ||
US301179 | 1994-09-09 | ||
US08/301,179 US5536729A (en) | 1993-09-30 | 1994-09-09 | Rapamycin formulations for oral administration |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN1108931A CN1108931A (zh) | 1995-09-27 |
CN1108152C true CN1108152C (zh) | 2003-05-14 |
Family
ID=26827654
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN94116780A Expired - Lifetime CN1108152C (zh) | 1993-09-30 | 1994-09-29 | 口服雷怕霉素配方 |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5536729A (zh) |
JP (1) | JP3807753B2 (zh) |
KR (1) | KR100452004B1 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN1108152C (zh) |
BR (1) | BR9403948A (zh) |
CA (1) | CA2133177C (zh) |
IL (1) | IL111007A (zh) |
TW (1) | TW420607B (zh) |
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- 1994-09-19 IL IL111007A patent/IL111007A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1994-09-22 TW TW083108729A patent/TW420607B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1994-09-28 CA CA002133177A patent/CA2133177C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-09-29 BR BR9403948A patent/BR9403948A/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1994-09-29 JP JP23487694A patent/JP3807753B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-09-29 KR KR1019940024668A patent/KR100452004B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
BR9403948A (pt) | 1995-06-13 |
CN1108931A (zh) | 1995-09-27 |
KR950007859A (ko) | 1995-04-15 |
TW420607B (en) | 2001-02-01 |
CA2133177C (en) | 2004-08-17 |
JPH07196519A (ja) | 1995-08-01 |
KR100452004B1 (ko) | 2005-09-05 |
JP3807753B2 (ja) | 2006-08-09 |
IL111007A0 (en) | 1994-11-28 |
CA2133177A1 (en) | 1995-03-31 |
US5536729A (en) | 1996-07-16 |
IL111007A (en) | 1998-06-15 |
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