CN110810184B - Industrialized rice and fish three-dimensional symbiotic planting and breeding method - Google Patents
Industrialized rice and fish three-dimensional symbiotic planting and breeding method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110810184B CN110810184B CN201911305442.6A CN201911305442A CN110810184B CN 110810184 B CN110810184 B CN 110810184B CN 201911305442 A CN201911305442 A CN 201911305442A CN 110810184 B CN110810184 B CN 110810184B
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- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 85
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 title abstract 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 241000252185 Cobitidae Species 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 241000209094 Oryza Species 0.000 claims description 21
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium oxide Chemical compound [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium sulfate Chemical compound N.N.OS(O)(=O)=O BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052921 ammonium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000011130 ammonium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000012255 calcium oxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000249 desinfective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000035784 germination Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002054 transplantation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000012364 cultivation method Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000031068 symbiosis, encompassing mutualism through parasitism Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000009360 aquaculture Methods 0.000 description 1
- 244000144974 aquaculture Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010924 continuous production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012136 culture method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011218 seed culture Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/20—Cereals
- A01G22/22—Rice
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/10—Culture of aquatic animals of fish
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Cultivation Receptacles Or Flower-Pots, Or Pots For Seedlings (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an industrial rice and fish three-dimensional symbiotic planting and breeding method which comprises the steps of constructing industrial planting and breeding equipment, preparing before seedling raising, sowing, feeding water to breed fish, managing and the like. Through the construction of the industrial planting and breeding equipment, the seedling raising and loach breeding symbiosis in the three-dimensional space is effectively realized, water circulation can be performed, the symbiosis effect is enhanced, and the economic benefit is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of aquaculture and agricultural comprehensive utilization, in particular to a method for three-dimensional symbiotic planting and breeding of industrial rice and fish.
Background
The industrial fish culture is the most advanced fish culture method at present, has the advantages of small occupied area, high yield per unit, small influence of natural environment, continuous production all the year around and high economic benefit. And the industrialized seedling raising has the characteristics of high technical content, large production scale, low production cost, good seedling raising quality, labor saving and the like. If can effectively combine the industrial fish culture with the industrial sprout cultivation, can play a good synergistic effect.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a reasonable-design industrialized rice and fish three-dimensional symbiotic planting and breeding method.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: an industrial rice and fish three-dimensional symbiotic planting and breeding method comprises the following steps:
(1) constructing factory planting and breeding equipment: setting up a plurality of seedling raising areas and fish stocking areas by cement in a transparent workshop, wherein the seedling raising areas are arranged at the upper part and the lower part in a three-dimensional space, an annular fish stocking area is built around each seedling raising area, a microflow fish stocking area is communicated between the upper annular fish stocking area and the lower adjacent seedling raising area, and a centralized fishing area is connected and communicated with one side of the lowest annular fish stocking area; a dam with the height of 1-3cm is arranged between each seedling raising area and the corresponding annular fish stocking area, and a blocking net is fixed at the upper part of the dam to prevent the fishes from entering the seedling raising areas; a pull-out baffle is fixed at the position, close to the bottom end, of each micro-flow fish stocking area, a transition groove is detachably connected between each micro-flow fish stocking area and the connected annular fish stocking area which is positioned below the micro-flow fish stocking area and is used for communicating all the annular fish stocking areas for centralized fishing when fishing the fishes, and a pull-out blocking net is fixed in the micro-flow fish stocking area corresponding to the inner side of the pull-out baffle; a pipeline and a circulating water pump are connected and communicated between the uppermost seedling raising area and the centralized fishing area; in order to facilitate the operation, stairs are built between an upper seedling raising area and a lower seedling raising area, and a cement bridge crossing the annular fish stocking area is arranged between each seedling raising area and the corresponding position of the stairs;
(2) preparation before seedling raising: disinfecting and sterilizing all seedling raising areas and fish stocking areas by spreading quicklime, filling clear water for washing once, placing disinfected seedling raising matrix bags into the seedling raising areas, paving a layer of sterile seedling raising film above the seedling raising matrix bags, and sowing when the temperature exceeds 20 ℃;
(3) sowing: uniformly scattering the selected rice seeds on the surface of a seedling raising film, and spraying a proper amount of water and a rice germination accelerating agent to ensure that the rice seeds germinate better;
(4) and (3) water discharging and fish culturing: when the rice sprouts grow to 2 leaves and 1 heart stage, putting disinfected water into the seedling raising area and the annular fish stocking area, stocking benthic fishes such as loaches in the annular fish stocking area, and conventionally stocking the amount and the specification;
(5) management: the circulating water pump is started regularly, the drawing baffle is drawn off, water between the seedling raising area and the annular fish stocking area is driven to flow circularly, the temperature in the workshop is controlled to be about 20 ℃, the convection speed between the inside of the workshop and the outside air is increased, the seedlings gradually adapt to the temperature outside the workshop, the additional fertilizer is applied 3-4 days before the seedling transplantation, and 1 two ammonium sulfate is spread per square meter; and breeding the loaches according to a conventional mode; when the loaches are intensively caught, the transition groove is connected, the pull-out baffle and the pull-out blocking net are pulled out, and the loaches are intensively driven to a centralized catching area in a manual driving mode or other conventional modes to be intensively caught.
Furthermore, after the loaches are intensively caught every time or continuously raised for 3-5 times by using the same seedling raising substrate bag, industrial raising equipment needs to be desilted and disinfected, an annular rail is built above each annular fish stocking area, a sliding block is matched on the annular rail in a sliding mode, and the bottom of the sliding block is connected with a cleaning brush through a support rod.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) by adopting the method, the industrial seedling raising and loach culture symbiosis is realized, and the economic benefit is improved;
(2) through the construction of the industrial breeding equipment, the seedling raising and loach breeding symbiosis in the three-dimensional space is effectively realized, water circulation can be performed, the symbiotic effect is enhanced, residual feed and excrement for loach breeding are used as fertilizers for raising seedlings, and certain plankton in the seedling raising process becomes feed for loach;
(3) the designed micro-flow fish culture area can improve the survival rate and the quality of the loaches.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of an industrial seed culture device according to the present invention
FIG. 2 is a top view of the structure of the annular fish breeding area and the annular track corresponding to each layer of the seedling raising area
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the cleaning brush of the present invention in cooperation with a circular fish stocking area.
Detailed Description
The invention will now be further elucidated with reference to the drawing. The following are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any equivalent or similar substitutes should fall within the scope of protection of the invention without departing from the concept thereof.
Example one
The industrial three-dimensional symbiotic rice and fish breeding method comprises the following steps:
(1) constructing factory planting and breeding equipment: as shown in fig. 1-3, a plurality of seedling raising areas 1 and fish stocking areas 2 are built in a transparent workshop by cement, wherein the seedling raising areas 1 are arranged at the upper part and the lower part in a three-dimensional space, an annular fish stocking area 2 is built around each seedling raising area 1, a microflow fish stocking area 3 is communicated between the annular fish stocking area 2 positioned at the upper part and the adjacent seedling raising area 1 positioned at the lower part, and one side of the annular fish stocking area 2 at the lowest part is connected and communicated with a centralized fishing area 4; a dam with the height of 1-3cm is arranged between each seedling raising area 1 and the corresponding annular fish stocking area 2, and a blocking net is fixed at the upper part of the dam to prevent the fishes from entering the seedling raising areas 1; a drawing baffle plate 5 is fixed at the position, close to the bottom end, of each micro-flow fish stocking area 3, a transition groove 6 is detachably connected between each micro-flow fish stocking area 3 and the connected annular fish stocking area 2 which is positioned below the micro-flow fish stocking area 3, the transition groove is used for communicating all the annular fish stocking areas to be intensively harvested when the fishes are harvested and is detached at ordinary times, and a drawing type blocking net 7 is fixed in the micro-flow fish stocking area 3 corresponding to the inner side of the drawing baffle plate 5; a pipeline and a circulating water pump 8 are connected and communicated between the uppermost seedling raising area 1 and the centralized fishing area 4; in order to facilitate the operation, stairs are built between a plurality of upper and lower seedling raising areas, a cement bridge 9 which spans the corresponding annular fish stocking area is arranged between each seedling raising area 1 and the corresponding position of the stairs, and the cement bridge 9 is positioned above the annular track and can be one or more; the inclination angle of the microflow fish stocking area 3 is 8-15 degrees;
(2) preparation before seedling raising: disinfecting and sterilizing all the seedling raising areas 1 and the fish stocking areas 2 and 3 by adopting a quicklime spreading mode, filling clear water for washing once, placing disinfected seedling raising matrix bags into the seedling raising areas, wherein the seedling raising matrix bags are woven bags filled with the seedling raising matrix, the dosage of the seedling raising matrix bags is based on the condition that the seedling raising areas 1 are fully paved with one layer, paving disinfected seedling raising films above the seedling raising matrix bags, and starting to sow when the temperature exceeds 20 ℃;
(3) sowing: uniformly scattering the selected rice seeds on the surface of a seedling raising film, and spraying a proper amount of water and a rice germination accelerating agent to ensure that the rice seeds germinate better;
(4) and (3) water discharging and fish culturing: when the rice sprouts grow to 2 leaves and 1 heart stage, placing disinfected water into the seedling raising area 1, the annular fish stocking area 2 and the microflow fish stocking area 3, sealing the microflow fish stocking area by the drawing baffle 5, stocking benthic fishes, such as loaches, in the annular fish stocking area 2, and conventionally stocking the quantity and specification;
(5) management: the circulating water pump is started for 2 times at regular intervals (every 3-5 days), the operation is carried out in the morning and afternoon, the drawing baffle 5 is drawn off, and the drawing type blocking net 7 is fixed at the bottom port of the corresponding microflow fish stocking area 3 to drive the water between the seedling raising area and the annular fish breeding area to circularly flow; controlling the temperature in the workshop to be about 20 ℃ in the whole process from the rice bud growing period to the 2-leaf 1-heart period to the planting period, increasing the convection speed between the interior of the workshop and the outside air to ensure that the seedlings gradually adapt to the temperature outside the workshop, applying additional fertilizer 3-4 days before transplanting, and broadcasting 1 two ammonium sulfate per square meter; breeding loaches according to a conventional mode; when rice seedlings grow to be planted, the loaches are normally cultured only by entering a seedling raising area manually without starting a circulating water pump; when loaches are intensively caught, the transition groove 6 is connected, the pull-out baffle 5 and the pull-out blocking net 7 are pulled out, and the loaches are intensively driven to the centralized catching area 4 in a manual driving mode or other conventional modes to be intensively caught; after centralized loach catching each time or continuously culturing 3-5 times by using the same seedling culture substrate bag, dredging and sterilizing factory culture equipment, constructing an annular rail 10 above each annular fish stocking area, sliding matching a slide block 11 on the annular rail 10, connecting a cleaning brush 12 at the bottom of the slide block 11 through a support rod, drawing out a drawing baffle 5 and a drawing type blocking net 7 during dredging and sterilizing, connecting a transition groove 6, cleaning sludge through the cleaning brush, flushing the sludge into the centralized catching groove by combining with a circulating water pump, introducing into other filtering devices or conventional water treatment equipment, and sterilizing once (such as lime spreading) in a conventional manner after cleaning the sludge.
Claims (2)
1. An industrial rice and fish three-dimensional symbiotic planting and breeding method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) constructing factory planting and breeding equipment: setting up a plurality of seedling raising areas and fish stocking areas by cement in a transparent workshop, wherein the seedling raising areas are arranged at the upper part and the lower part in a three-dimensional space, an annular fish stocking area is built around each seedling raising area, a microflow fish stocking area is communicated between the upper annular fish stocking area and the lower adjacent seedling raising area, and a centralized fishing area is connected and communicated with one side of the lowest annular fish stocking area; a dam with the height of 1-3cm is arranged between each seedling raising area and the corresponding annular fish stocking area, and a blocking net is fixed at the upper part of the dam to prevent the fishes from entering the seedling raising areas; a pull-out baffle is fixed at the position, close to the bottom end, of each micro-flow fish stocking area, a transition groove is detachably connected between each micro-flow fish stocking area and the connected annular fish stocking area which is positioned below the micro-flow fish stocking area and is used for communicating all the annular fish stocking areas for centralized fishing when fishing the fishes, and a pull-out blocking net is fixed in the micro-flow fish stocking area corresponding to the inner side of the pull-out baffle; a pipeline and a circulating water pump are connected and communicated between the uppermost seedling raising area and the centralized fishing area; in order to facilitate the operation, stairs are built between an upper seedling raising area and a lower seedling raising area, and a cement bridge crossing the annular fish stocking area is arranged between each seedling raising area and the corresponding position of the stairs;
(2) preparation before seedling raising: disinfecting and sterilizing all seedling raising areas and fish stocking areas by spreading quicklime, filling clear water for washing once, placing disinfected seedling raising matrix bags into the seedling raising areas, paving a layer of sterile seedling raising film above the seedling raising matrix bags, and sowing when the temperature exceeds 20 ℃;
(3) sowing: uniformly scattering the selected rice seeds on the surface of a seedling raising film, and spraying a proper amount of water and a rice germination accelerating agent to ensure that the rice seeds germinate better;
(4) and (3) water discharging and fish culturing: when the rice sprouts grow to 2 leaves and 1 heart stage, putting disinfected water into the seedling raising area and the annular fish stocking area, and stocking loaches in the annular fish stocking area, wherein stocking quantity and specification are carried out according to the conventional method;
(5) management: the circulating water pump is started regularly, the drawing baffle is drawn off, water between the seedling raising area and the annular fish stocking area is driven to flow circularly, the temperature in the workshop is controlled to be about 20 ℃, the convection speed between the inside of the workshop and the outside air is increased, the seedlings gradually adapt to the temperature outside the workshop, the additional fertilizer is applied 3-4 days before the seedling transplantation, and 1 two ammonium sulfate is spread per square meter; and breeding the loaches according to a conventional mode; when the loaches are intensively caught, the transition groove is connected, the pull-out baffle and the pull-out blocking net are pulled out, and the loaches are intensively driven to a centralized catching area in a manual driving mode or other conventional modes to be intensively caught.
2. The industrial rice and fish three-dimensional symbiotic cultivation method as claimed in claim 1, wherein after loaches are intensively harvested each time or continuously cultured for 3-5 times by using the same seedling culture substrate bag, industrial cultivation equipment needs to be desilted and disinfected, an annular rail is built above each annular fish stocking area, a sliding block is matched on the annular rail in a sliding mode, and the bottom of the sliding block is connected with a cleaning brush through a support rod.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201911305442.6A CN110810184B (en) | 2019-12-18 | 2019-12-18 | Industrialized rice and fish three-dimensional symbiotic planting and breeding method |
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| CN201911305442.6A CN110810184B (en) | 2019-12-18 | 2019-12-18 | Industrialized rice and fish three-dimensional symbiotic planting and breeding method |
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| CN110810184B true CN110810184B (en) | 2021-04-20 |
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Family Cites Families (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN1053526A (en) * | 1990-01-20 | 1991-08-07 | 中国水产科学研究院渔业机械仪器研究所 | Fish (shrimp) symbiotic fish (shrimp)-vegetable system |
| JP2961518B2 (en) * | 1996-08-22 | 1999-10-12 | 丸栄コンクリート工業株式会社 | How to attach planting blocks and fish nest blocks to revetment steel sheet piles |
| CN202773768U (en) * | 2012-09-12 | 2013-03-13 | 杭州翔海生态渔业科技有限公司 | Stereo-floor type circulating water planting and culturing ecological greenhouse |
| CN103583446A (en) * | 2013-03-22 | 2014-02-19 | 江苏畜牧兽医职业技术学院 | Fish pond with circulation micro-flow water effect |
| TW201505545A (en) * | 2013-08-01 | 2015-02-16 | Green Season Co Ltd | Irrigation method for three-dimensional planting equipment |
| CN105900635A (en) * | 2016-04-19 | 2016-08-31 | 淮安市苏泽生态农业有限公司 | Hill organic compound ecological planting and culture system |
| CN105994040B (en) * | 2016-05-27 | 2018-11-27 | 湖南文理学院 | Rice field shrimp, loach mix ecological three-dimensional culture equipment and cultural method |
| CN206165529U (en) * | 2016-09-30 | 2017-05-17 | 中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心 | Circulated flow water groove cultured equipment |
| CN108617404A (en) * | 2018-05-14 | 2018-10-09 | 河北科技师范学院 | It is a kind of for bacterium, dish, fish, worm one indoor intelligent cogeneration system |
| CN208480495U (en) * | 2018-06-12 | 2019-02-12 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所 | A kind of terraced fields Rice azolla fish three dimensional-planting-breeding system |
| CN208446396U (en) * | 2018-07-17 | 2019-02-01 | 四川溪源水产养殖有限公司 | Save chemical plant fish farming system in rice field |
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