CN110810049A - Method for preventing and treating gray mold of picked pseudo-ginseng flower buds - Google Patents
Method for preventing and treating gray mold of picked pseudo-ginseng flower buds Download PDFInfo
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- 239000005828 Pyrimethanil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- ZLIBICFPKPWGIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrimethanil Chemical compound CC1=CC(C)=NC(NC=2C=CC=CC=2)=N1 ZLIBICFPKPWGIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229930183279 tetramycin Natural products 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- IIUZTXTZRGLYTI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogriseofulvin Natural products COC1CC(=O)CC(C)C11C(=O)C(C(OC)=CC(OC)=C2Cl)=C2O1 IIUZTXTZRGLYTI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
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- DDUHZTYCFQRHIY-RBHXEPJQSA-N griseofulvin Chemical compound COC1=CC(=O)C[C@@H](C)[C@@]11C(=O)C(C(OC)=CC(OC)=C2Cl)=C2O1 DDUHZTYCFQRHIY-RBHXEPJQSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
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- 239000005821 Propamocarb Substances 0.000 claims 1
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- LJXQPZWIHJMPQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrimidin-2-amine Chemical class NC1=NC=CC=N1 LJXQPZWIHJMPQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 239000001397 quillaja saponaria molina bark Substances 0.000 description 1
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Images
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
- A01D46/00—Picking of fruits, vegetables, hops, or the like; Devices for shaking trees or shrubs
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protection of plants
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Ecology (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a method for preventing and controlling gray mold of pseudo-ginseng after picking, belonging to the field of plant disease prevention and control. Comprises the following steps of (1) picking up the flower stalks by using a sterilized flower picking tool when the tissue of the flower stalks is tender, wherein the picked flower stalks are 1.5-2 cm; (2) and spraying a bactericide twice after picking flowers, wherein the bactericide is dulbech, pyrimethanil, griseofulvin or tetramycin. The method is simple and effective, has low cost, and obviously reduces the prevalence rate of the pseudo-ginseng, wherein the prevalence rate is about 2.5%.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of plant disease prevention and control, in particular to a method for preventing and controlling gray mold of pseudo-ginseng after picking flower buds.
Background
Botrytis cinerea (also called Botrytis cinerea) is caused by Botrytis cinerea (also called Botrytis cinerea) in ascomycete subgenus, and is a common fungal disease which is difficult to control; the botrytis cinerea can cause harm to stems, leaves, flowers and fruits of crops, especially serious harm to fruits, influences the yield and quality of the fruits and causes great economic loss.
The chemical prevention and control is the most widely applied method for preventing and controlling gray mold, the killing effect is obvious, the operation is simple, and the currently commonly used chemical agents mainly comprise pyrimidinamines, pyrroles and amides bactericides. But the long-term use of the chemical agent leads the drug resistance of the botrytis cinerea to be continuously enhanced, thus leading the prevention and treatment effect to be greatly reduced; in addition, the bactericides are extremely toxic medicaments, so that a large amount of residual toxic substances in the crops are extremely easy to remain, the residual toxic substances in the fruits and the vegetables exceed the standard, and the long-term consumption of the bactericides can cause great harm to human bodies; on the other hand, a large amount of chemicals are accumulated in the soil, which causes the change of the soil texture and brings great harm pressure to the ecological environment.
Notoginseng (Panax notoginseng (Burk.) f.h.chen) is a plant of the family araliaceae. Mainly produced in Yunnan Wenshan, has sweet and bitter taste and warm nature, and has the effects of stopping bleeding, relieving pain, promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis. Notoginseng flower is the highest part of notoginseng saponin content in whole plant of notoginseng, has sweet and cool nature and taste, has the efficacies of clearing heat, calming liver and reducing blood pressure, is suitable for diseases such as dizziness, blurred vision, tinnitus, hypertension, acute pharyngolaryngitis and the like, can be made into tea, fried meat, soup and the like, and also has certain efficacy in sleeping. The risk of wound germ infection is often accompanied after the flowers are picked, the plants are easy to die due to gray mold, the incidence of diseases in the area is increased, and the yield is reduced. Therefore, the method for effectively preventing and controlling the gray mold of the picked pseudo-ginseng buds is very favorable for effectively picking the pseudo-ginseng flowers.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention aims to provide a method for preventing and treating gray mold of pseudo-ginseng after picking flower buds.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a method for preventing and treating gray mold of picked pseudo-ginseng buds comprises the following steps:
(1) when the tissue of the pedicel is tender, the pedicel is picked by a disinfected flower picking tool, the picked pedicel is 1.5-2cm, the distance of the pedicel is short, the tissue is tender, the rapid scabbing of the pedicel of the pseudo-ginseng is facilitated, a protective film is formed to isolate germs, and the selling of the pseudo-ginseng flower on the market is facilitated;
(2) spraying a bactericide twice after picking flowers, wherein the bactericide is dulbeck, pyrimethanil, griseofulvin or tetramycin; after the pseudo-ginseng flowers are adopted, wounds are caused at pedicel positions, and the purpose of spraying the bactericide is to ensure that no germs or few germs exist in the scabbing process, the disease resistance of pseudo-ginseng plants is extremely weak, and pseudo-ginseng is easily killed due to diseases if the pedicel positions are infected with germs.
Furthermore, the plants of the panax notoginseng are picked in sunny days without water, so that rainy days are avoided when the flowers are picked, and the plants are prevented from picking the flowers with a large amount of water in rainy days.
Further, the notoginseng plant includes notoginseng flower and notoginseng leaf.
Further, the flower picking tool is scissors.
Further, the disinfection method of the flower picking tool in the step (1) is to completely soak the scissors in 75% alcohol for disinfection.
Further, the time for sterilization is at least 10 min.
Further, the interval time of spraying the bactericide in the step (2) is 5-7 days.
Further, the concentration of the propachromycin during the application is 500 times that of the 300-fold liquid, the concentration of the pyrimethanil is 1200 times that of the 800-fold liquid, the concentration of the griseofulvin is 600 times that of the 600-fold liquid, and the concentration of the tetramycin is 1200 times that of the 800-fold liquid.
Furthermore, after the flower picking, the prevalence rate is 2%.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the method is simple and effective, the cost is low, the prevalence rate of the pseudo-ginseng is obviously reduced, and the prevalence rate is about 2.5%.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows the prevalence of Panax notoginseng under different conditions; A. applying the pesticide after the flower stalks are picked in a tender and sunny day; B. the application of the pesticide is not carried out after the flower stalks are picked in a tender and sunny day; C. applying the pesticide after the pedicel lignification in sunny days; D. the application of the medicine is not carried out after the flower stalks are young and tender and picked in rainy days (n is 5).
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
Example 1
Selecting sunny days, wherein the plants (flowers and leaves) of the pseudo-ginseng have no water, so that the plants are prevented from catching flowers in rainy days and a large amount of water is prevented from being left on the plants to catch the flowers in rainy days; pseudo-ginseng flower buds are picked when the tissue of the flower stalks is tender, the picked flower stalks are 1.5cm, the wound healing is facilitated, the picking when the flower stalks are lignified is avoided, and the wound healing is not facilitated;
carrying out disinfection treatment on the flower picking tool scissors, wherein the disinfection conditions are as follows: completely soaking scissors in 75% alcohol before picking flower, and sterilizing for more than 10 min; spraying the solution for 2 times after flower picking, wherein the spraying time is 300 times of the solution, and the interval is 5 days.
Example 2
Selecting sunny days, wherein the plants (flowers and leaves) of the pseudo-ginseng have no water, so that the plants are prevented from catching flowers in rainy days and a large amount of water is prevented from being left on the plants to catch the flowers in rainy days; pseudo-ginseng flower buds are picked when the tissue of the flower stalks is tender, the picked flower stalks are 2cm, the wound healing is facilitated, the picking when the flower stalks are lignified is avoided, and the wound healing is not facilitated;
carrying out disinfection treatment on the flower picking tool scissors, wherein the disinfection conditions are as follows: completely soaking scissors in 75% alcohol before picking flower, and sterilizing for more than 10 min; spraying the solution for 2 times after flower picking, wherein the spraying time is 500 times of the solution, and the interval is 7 days.
Example 3
Selecting sunny days, wherein the plants (flowers and leaves) of the pseudo-ginseng have no water, so that the plants are prevented from catching flowers in rainy days and a large amount of water is prevented from being left on the plants to catch the flowers in rainy days; pseudo-ginseng flower buds are picked when the tissue of the flower stalks is tender, the picked flower stalks are 1.5cm, the wound healing is facilitated, the picking when the flower stalks are lignified is avoided, and the wound healing is not facilitated;
carrying out disinfection treatment on the flower picking tool scissors, wherein the disinfection conditions are as follows: completely soaking scissors in 75% alcohol for sterilizing for 10min before picking; spraying pyrimethanil (800 times of liquid) after picking flowers, continuously spraying for 2 times, and keeping the interval of 5 days.
Example 4
Selecting sunny days, wherein the plants (flowers and leaves) of the pseudo-ginseng have no water, so that the plants are prevented from catching flowers in rainy days and a large amount of water is prevented from being left on the plants to catch the flowers in rainy days; pseudo-ginseng flower buds are picked when the tissue of the flower stalks is tender, the picked flower stalks are 2cm, the wound healing is facilitated, the picking when the flower stalks are lignified is avoided, and the wound healing is not facilitated;
carrying out disinfection treatment on the flower picking tool scissors, wherein the disinfection conditions are as follows: completely soaking scissors in 75% alcohol for sterilizing for 20min before picking; spraying pyrimethanil (1200 times of liquid) after picking flowers, and continuously spraying for 2 times at intervals of 6 days.
Example 5
Selecting sunny days, wherein the plants (flowers and leaves) of the pseudo-ginseng have no water, so that the plants are prevented from catching flowers in rainy days and a large amount of water is prevented from being left on the plants to catch the flowers in rainy days; pseudo-ginseng flower buds are picked when the tissue of the flower stalks is tender, the picked flower stalks are 2cm, the wound healing is facilitated, the picking when the flower stalks are lignified is avoided, and the wound healing is not facilitated;
carrying out disinfection treatment on the flower picking tool scissors, wherein the disinfection conditions are as follows: completely soaking scissors in 75% alcohol for sterilizing for 20min before picking; spraying griseofulvin (600 times of liquid) after flower picking, and continuously spraying for 2 times at intervals of 7 days.
Example 6
Selecting sunny days, wherein the plants (flowers and leaves) of the pseudo-ginseng have no water, so that the plants are prevented from catching flowers in rainy days and a large amount of water is prevented from being left on the plants to catch the flowers in rainy days; pseudo-ginseng flower buds are picked when the tissue of the flower stalks is tender, the picked flower stalks are 2cm, the wound healing is facilitated, the picking when the flower stalks are lignified is avoided, and the wound healing is not facilitated;
carrying out disinfection treatment on the flower picking tool scissors, wherein the disinfection conditions are as follows: completely soaking scissors in 75% alcohol for sterilizing for 20min before picking; spraying tetramycin (1200 times of liquid) after picking flowers, and continuously spraying for 2 times at intervals of 6 days.
Example 7
Selecting sunny days, wherein the plants (flowers and leaves) of the pseudo-ginseng have no water, so that the plants are prevented from catching flowers in rainy days and a large amount of water is prevented from being left on the plants to catch the flowers in rainy days; pseudo-ginseng flower buds are picked when the tissue of the flower stalks is tender, the picked flower stalks are 2cm, the wound healing is facilitated, the picking when the flower stalks are lignified is avoided, and the wound healing is not facilitated;
carrying out disinfection treatment on the flower picking tool scissors, wherein the disinfection conditions are as follows: completely soaking scissors in 75% alcohol for sterilizing for 20min before picking; spraying tetramycin (1200 times of liquid) after picking flowers, and continuously spraying for 2 times at intervals of 5 days.
Example 8
The experimental method comprises the following steps: selecting the land with good growth vigor and without gray mold of Notoginseng radix, and dividing into 4 large regions (20 m)2Area), the drug is applied after the young and tender sunny flower stalks are picked, the drug is not applied after the young and tender sunny flower stalks are picked, the drug is applied after the lignified flower stalks are picked in sunny days, the drug is not applied after the young and tender rain flowers are picked, each large area is divided into 5 small areas (n is 5), and the area of each small area is 4m2The blocks are separated by a certain distance, and flower picking is finished according to the ABCD treatment. The gray mold is obviously observed after growing for about 6 days, the incidence rate of gray mold is counted after 6 days after flower picking in each large area of ABCD, and the incidence rate is shown as gray mold plants/counted total number, and the result is shown in figure 1.
The above-mentioned embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, which are used for explaining the technical solutions of the present invention, and not for further limiting the present invention, and any changes and substitutions without creative efforts shall be covered by the protection scope of the present invention, and therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the scope defined by the claims.
Claims (9)
1. A method for preventing and treating gray mold of picked pseudo-ginseng buds is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) picking up the flower stalks by using a disinfected flower picking tool when the flower stalk tissues are tender, wherein the picked flower stalks are 1.5-2 cm;
(2) and spraying a bactericide twice after picking flowers, wherein the bactericide is dulbech, pyrimethanil, griseofulvin or tetramycin.
2. The method for preventing and treating gray mold of pseudo-ginseng after bud picking as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and in sunny days, the plants of the panax notoginseng are picked without water, so that rainy days are avoided when the flowers are picked, and a large amount of water is prevented from being left on the plants to pick the flowers after raining.
3. The method for preventing and treating gray mold of pseudo-ginseng after bud picking as claimed in claim 2, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the Notoginseng plant comprises Notoginseng flower and Notoginseng leaf.
4. The method for preventing and treating gray mold of pseudo-ginseng after bud picking as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the flower picking tool is scissors.
5. The method for preventing and treating gray mold of pseudo-ginseng after bud picking as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the disinfection method of the flower picking tool in the step (1) is to completely soak the scissors in 75 percent of alcohol for disinfection.
6. The method for preventing and treating gray mold of pseudo-ginseng after bud picking as claimed in claim 5, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the time for sterilization is at least 10 min.
7. The method for preventing and treating gray mold of pseudo-ginseng after bud picking as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the interval time for spraying the bactericide in the step (2) is 5-7 days.
8. The method for preventing and treating gray mold of pseudo-ginseng after bud picking as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the concentration of the propamocarb is 500 times that of 300-fold liquid, the concentration of the pyrimethanil is 1200 times that of 800-fold liquid, the concentration of the griseofulvin is 600 times that of 600-fold liquid, and the concentration of the tetramycin is 1200 times that of 800-fold liquid.
9. The method for preventing and treating gray mold of pseudo-ginseng after bud picking according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the method comprises the following steps: after the method is used for picking flowers, the prevalence rate is not higher than 2.5%.
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2019
- 2019-10-25 CN CN201911020031.2A patent/CN110810049A/en active Pending
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