CN110801504B - 一种止咳化痰的中药组合物 - Google Patents
一种止咳化痰的中药组合物 Download PDFInfo
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- CN110801504B CN110801504B CN201911007574.0A CN201911007574A CN110801504B CN 110801504 B CN110801504 B CN 110801504B CN 201911007574 A CN201911007574 A CN 201911007574A CN 110801504 B CN110801504 B CN 110801504B
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- parts
- radix
- semen cuscutae
- fried
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- Medicines Containing Plant Substances (AREA)
Abstract
本发明涉及中医药技术领域,尤其涉及一种止咳化痰的中药组合物。该止咳化痰的中药组合物由麻黄、生石膏、山药、白及、百部、紫苑、款冬花、仙鹤草、牛蒡子、马兜铃、前胡、炒杏仁、白前、桔梗、陈皮、麦门冬、天门冬、百合、青果、沙参、炙桑皮、瓜蒌、薄荷、川贝、浙贝、金银花、炒酸枣仁、五味子、桑叶、甘草、生姜、广地龙、白蔹、功劳叶、僵蚕、萝卜、鲜藕、射干、阿胶、冰糖、蜂蜜、梨膏制成,相比现有方剂,消除了现有药物中因罂粟壳成分存在可能导致的潜在成瘾性和药物毒性,安全性更高,对感染后咳嗽、咳嗽变异性哮喘和慢性阻塞性肺疾病疗效确切,其组方严谨,配伍得当,切中病机,药效提升显著。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及中医药技术领域,尤其涉及一种止咳化痰的中药组合物。
背景技术
肺脏是呼吸系统的主要器官,肺部疾病属于呼吸系统疾病。呼吸道与外界相通,全身血液均流经肺脏,故肺脏易遭受身体内外微生物的侵袭。病毒和细菌引起的呼吸道感染最为常见。目前,针对感染后咳嗽、咳嗽变异性哮喘和慢性阻塞性肺疾病,已有诸多的药物治疗方案,尤以中医治疗药物肺得宁合剂治疗效果显著,疗效显著。
然而,现有肺得宁合剂方中,含有罂粟壳这味中药,罂粟壳别名米壳、御米壳、粟壳、烟斗斗、鸦片、烟果果及罂子粟壳等,为罂粟科植物罂粟的干燥成熟果壳。据中国传统中药饮片《中国药典(2015年版)》记载,罂粟壳味酸、涩、平;有毒。归肺、大肠、肾经。敛肺,涩肠,止痛。用于久咳,久泻,脱肛,脘腹疼痛。罂粟壳是镇痛,止咳,久痢之良药。
罂粟壳虽然为传统中药饮片,但既是麻醉药品,又是毒性药品,因含有吗啡和可待因等生物碱,久用易于成瘾。早在清代,本草书籍中就有吸食鸦片成瘾并致死的记载。现代大量临床案例表明,罂粟壳多服能抑制呼吸中枢而引起呼吸衰竭,甚至死亡。长期应用易于成瘾,成瘾后经常便秘,瞳孔缩小。一旦停用即出现戒断症状:精神萎靡,哈欠频作,涕泪交流,冷汗,震颤,呕吐,腹痛腹泻,血压升高,心跳加快,身痛失眠,甚至哭泣叫喊,严重者还会出现虚脱和意识丧失。因此,对于治疗咳嗦类的肺部疾病,为了保证病人健康,消除其中罂粟壳成分有可能带来的健康伤害,有必要去除该成分;然而,中药方剂中的各成分是一个统一的整体,相互之间协同作用以发挥药效,罂粟壳在肺得宁合剂中的主要作用为止咳、治疗肺虚久咳,目前尚并未见其相关配伍关系的报道,因此难以直接替换功效类似的其他成分,此外,直接去除虽会消除其自身的潜在成瘾和毒性,但去除后整体药效是有显著区别的,功效降低,疗效不确定;因此,研发、改进获得一种疗效优于现有肺得宁合剂的新的中药组合物,避免现有药物中成瘾性、毒性成分的潜在危害,成为目前肺部疾病治疗药物研发中亟需解决的问题。
发明内容
本发明为了弥补现有技术的不足,提供了一种止咳化痰的中药组合物,消除了现有药物中因罂粟壳成分存在可能导致的潜在成瘾性和药物毒性,安全性更高,对感染后咳嗽、咳嗽变异性哮喘和慢性阻塞性肺疾病疗效确切;其组方严谨,配伍得当,切中病机,解决了现有技术中存在的问题。
本发明是通过如下技术方案实现的:
一种止咳化痰的中药组合物,由以下重量份数的原料制成:
麻黄12-48份、生石膏42-78份、山药27-63份、白及6-12份、百部3-8份、紫苑10-15份、款冬花10-15份、仙鹤草3-8份、牛蒡子7-12份、马兜铃4-8份、前胡4-8份、炒杏仁4-8份、白前6-12份、桔梗12-18份、陈皮3-8份、麦门冬10-15份、天门冬10-15份、百合15-22份、青果6-12份、沙参10-18份、炙桑皮7-12份、瓜蒌18-25份、薄荷4-8份、川贝7-12份、浙贝10-15份、金银花7-12份、炒酸枣仁15-22份、五味子4-8份、桑叶6-12份、甘草10-15份、生姜15-20份、广地龙10-15份、白蔹6-12份、功劳叶10-15份、僵蚕6-12份、萝卜450-550份、鲜藕25-35份、射干4-8份、阿胶15-22份、冰糖12-48份、蜂蜜12-48份、梨膏450-550份。
所述的止咳化痰的中药组合物,由以下重量份数的原料制成:
麻黄30份、生石膏60份、山药45份、白及9份、百部6份、紫苑12份、款冬花12份、仙鹤草6份、牛蒡子9份、马兜铃6份、前胡6份、炒杏仁6份、白前9份、桔梗15份、陈皮6份、麦门冬12份、天门冬12份、百合18份、青果9份、沙参15份、炙桑皮9份、瓜蒌21份、薄荷6份、川贝9份、浙贝12份、金银花9份、炒酸枣仁18份、五味子6份、桑叶9份、甘草12份、生姜18份、广地龙12份、白蔹9份、功劳叶12份、僵蚕9份、萝卜(切)500份、鲜藕30份、射干6份、阿胶18份、冰糖30份、蜂蜜30份、梨膏500份。
所述止咳化痰的中药组合物的制备方法,按上述重量份数,分别称取麻黄、生石膏、山药、白及、百部、紫苑、款冬花、仙鹤草、牛蒡子、马兜铃、前胡、炒杏仁、白前、桔梗、陈皮、麦门冬、天门冬、百合、青果、沙参、炙桑皮、瓜蒌、薄荷、川贝、浙贝、金银花、炒酸枣仁、五味子、桑叶、甘草、生姜、广地龙、白蔹、功劳叶、僵蚕、萝卜(切)、鲜藕和射干,共捣粗末,水煎两遍,过滤取汁,缓火熬浓,加入上述重量份数的阿胶、冰糖、蜂蜜、梨膏,缓火熬成流膏,即得。
所述梨膏的制备方法为:大梨适量,去皮及核,切碎,加水适量,煮烂,去渣取汁,以缓火熬浓,加蜜适量,收膏。
一种如上所述的中药组合物在制备用于止咳化痰的药物中的应用。
用法用量:温服;每次10-20毫升,每日3次。
本发明的有益效果:
本止咳化痰的中药组合物疗效确切,组方严谨,配伍得当,切中病机。对急慢性支气管炎、气管炎咳嗦,病毒和细菌引起的呼吸道感染咳嗽、咳嗽变异性哮喘和慢性阻塞性肺疾病具有显著疗效。通过在现有方剂基础上进行了创造性的改进,消除了现有方剂中存在的潜在成瘾、毒性成分,在不降低疗效并有效提升治疗功效的基础上,新增4味中药成分的配伍,与方中其他成分进行协同配合,发挥君臣佐使之功效。
方中僵蚕味咸辛、性平,归肝、脾、胃经,具有祛风定惊、化痰散结之效,临床常用于风热头痛、抽搐惊痫、风中经络、口眼斜、瘰疬痰核等病证,具有祛风定惊、化痰散结之效。广地龙、僵蚕皆入肝经,均有熄风散结之功。然而广地龙熄风之力较强,以消散内风为主,攻毒之力越强,散结之效也随之增强;僵蚕祛风力较弱,内外风皆可消散,化经络痰浊力越强,散结之效也随之增强。二药相互配伍,药对的性味及功效切合病机,用于治疗癌、痰、风、痛等疑难病证具有很好的疗效。
方中地龙与麻黄均为治疗哮喘的要药。地龙咸寒,清热,熄风止痉,平喘;麻黄辛温,发散风寒,宣肺平喘。两药相伍,寒温平调,清宣肺气,解痉平喘。地龙长于清肺热平喘,兼入血分,泻肺中伏火,通肺络;炙桑皮性味甘寒,入肺经,偏入气分,能清泻肺火,除肺中水气,消水肿,利水道。两药合用,共奏清热平喘之功效,主要用于肺热咳喘之证。
方中广地龙、杏仁两药均有平喘的作用。地龙性寒降泄,长于清肺平喘,又入血分,通肺络;杏仁主入肺经,味苦降泄,止咳平喘。杏仁善降肺气,肺气降则痰消喘嗽自止。两药配伍使用,气血同调,使肺气畅,肺络通,咳喘自平。
方中白蔹苦寒清泄,归心、胃经。具有清热解毒、散结止痛、生肌敛疮的功效。主治疮疡肿毒、瘰疬、烫伤、湿疮等症。现代体外试验表明,白蔹有很强的抑菌作用,并有很强的抗真菌效果。
方中功劳叶治肺痨咳血,用十大功劳叶滋肾阴而清肺火,与麦冬配伍不但可以用于气分、营分、血分,也可用于卫分既用于中上焦,也可用于下焦。
具体实施方式
为能清楚说明本方案的技术特点,下面通过具体实施方式,对本发明进行详细阐述。
实施例1
一种止咳化痰的中药组合物,由以下重量的原料制成:
麻黄30g、生石膏60g、山药45g、白及9g、百部6g、紫苑12g、款冬花12g、仙鹤草6g、牛蒡子9g、马兜铃6g、前胡6g、炒杏仁6g、白前9g、桔梗15g、陈皮6g、麦门冬12g、天门冬12g、百合18g、青果9g、沙参15g、炙桑皮9g、瓜蒌21g、薄荷6g、川贝9g、浙贝12g、金银花9g、炒酸枣仁18g、五味子6g、桑叶9g、甘草12g、生姜18g、广地龙12g、白蔹9g、功劳叶12g、僵蚕9g、萝卜(切)500g、鲜藕30g、射干6g、阿胶18g、冰糖30g、蜂蜜30g、梨膏(注)500g。
制备梨膏(注)的方法为:大梨适量,去皮及核,切碎,加水适量,煮烂,去渣取汁,以缓火熬浓,加蜜适量,收膏。
按照上述重量,分别称取麻黄、生石膏、山药、白及、百部、紫苑、款冬花、仙鹤草、牛蒡子、马兜铃、前胡、炒杏仁、白前、桔梗、陈皮、麦门冬、天门冬、百合、青果、沙参、炙桑皮、瓜蒌、薄荷、川贝、浙贝、金银花、炒酸枣仁、五味子、桑叶、甘草、生姜、广地龙、白蔹、功劳叶、僵蚕、萝卜(切)、鲜藕和射干,共捣粗末,水煎两遍,过滤取汁,缓火熬浓,加入上述重量的阿胶、冰糖、蜂蜜、梨膏,缓火熬成流膏,即得。
实施例2
一种止咳化痰的中药组合物,由以下重量的原料制成:
麻黄12g、生石膏42g、山药27g、白及6g、百部3g、紫苑10g、款冬花10g、仙鹤草3g、牛蒡子7g、马兜铃4g、前胡4g、炒杏仁4g、白前6g、桔梗12g、陈皮3g、麦门冬10g、天门冬10g、百合15g、青果6g、沙参10g、炙桑皮7g、瓜蒌18g、薄荷4g、川贝7g、浙贝10g、金银花7g、炒酸枣仁15g、五味子4g、桑叶6g、甘草10g、生姜15g、广地龙10g、白蔹6g、功劳叶10g、僵蚕6g、萝卜(切)450g、鲜藕25g、射干4g、阿胶15g、冰糖12g、蜂蜜12g、梨膏(注)450g。
制备方法同实施例1的制备方法。
实施例3
一种止咳化痰的中药组合物,由以下重量的原料制成:
麻黄48g、生石膏78g、山药63g、白及12g、百部8g、紫苑15g、款冬花15g、仙鹤草8g、牛蒡子12g、马兜铃8g、前胡7g、炒杏仁8g、白前12g、桔梗18g、陈皮8g、麦门冬15g、天门冬15g、百合22g、青果12g、沙参18g、炙桑皮12g、瓜蒌25g、薄荷8g、川贝12g、浙贝15g、金银花12g、炒酸枣仁22g、五味子8g、桑叶12g、甘草15g、生姜20g、广地龙15g、白蔹12g、功劳叶15g、僵蚕12g、萝卜(切)550g、鲜藕35g、射干8g、阿胶22g、冰糖48g、蜂蜜48g、梨膏(注)550g。
制备方法同实施例1的制备方法。
实施例4
一种止咳化痰的中药组合物,由以下重量的原料制成:
麻黄21g、生石膏51g、山药36g、白及7g、百部5g、紫苑11g、款冬花11g、仙鹤草4g、牛蒡子8g、马兜铃5g、前胡5g、炒杏仁5g、白前7g、桔梗13g、陈皮5g、麦门冬11g、天门冬11g、百合16g、青果7g、沙参12g、炙桑皮8g、瓜蒌19g、薄荷5g、川贝8g、浙贝11g、金银花8g、炒酸枣仁16g、五味子5g、桑叶8g、甘草11g、生姜16g、广地龙11g、白蔹7g、功劳叶11g、僵蚕8g、萝卜(切)480g、鲜藕28g、射干5g、阿胶16g、冰糖21g、蜂蜜21g、梨膏(注)480g。
制备方法同实施例1的制备方法。
实施例5
一种止咳化痰的中药组合物,由以下重量的原料制成:
麻黄39g、生石膏69g、山药54g、白及10g、百部7g、紫苑14g、款冬花13g、仙鹤草7g、牛蒡子10g、马兜铃7g、前胡7g、炒杏仁7g、白前11g、桔梗16g、陈皮7g、麦门冬14g、天门冬13g、百合20g、青果11g、沙参16g、炙桑皮11g、瓜蒌23g、薄荷7g、川贝11g、浙贝14g、金银花11g、炒酸枣仁20g、五味子7g、桑叶10g、甘草14g、生姜19g、广地龙14g、白蔹11g、功劳叶13g、僵蚕10g、萝卜(切)540g、鲜藕33g、射干7g、阿胶20g、冰糖40g、蜂蜜39g、梨膏(注)540g。
制备方法同实施例1的制备方法。
动物实验:
方法:分别采用小鼠氨水引咳法和豚鼠枸橼酸引咳法研究本发明中药组合物的止咳作用,结果如表1和表2。
采用小鼠气管酚红排泌法研究化痰作用,结果如表3。
采用ELISA法测定小鼠血清中白细胞介素-10(IL-10)水平,观察其止咳机制,结果如表4。
表1本发明中药组合物对氨水所致小鼠咳嗽的影响(x±S)
注:与对照组比较,*p<0.05,**p<0.01
表2本发明中药组合物对枸橼酸所致豚鼠咳嗽的影响(x±S)
表3本发明中药组合物对小鼠气管酚红排泌量的影响(x±S)
注:与对照组比较,*p<0.05,**p<0.01
表4本发明中药组合物对小鼠血清IL-10释放的影响(x±S)
结果:与相应的空白对照组、现有肺得宁合剂组比较,本发明各实施例的中药组合物一定剂量(低于现有肺得宁合剂用量)可明显延长小鼠和豚鼠的咳嗽潜伏期并减少咳嗽次数(P<0.05);增加小鼠血清IL-10的释放(P<0.05);显著增加小鼠呼吸道黏膜酚红的排泌量(P<0.05);显著延长豚鼠哮喘潜伏期(P<0.05)。
结论:本发明中药组合物在较现有产品用量更少的情况下,具有明显的止咳、化痰及平喘作用,优于现有产品。
上述具体实施方式不能作为对本发明保护范围的限制,对于本技术领域的技术人员来说,对本发明实施方式所做出的任何替代改进或变换均落在本发明的保护范围内。
本发明未详述之处,均为本技术领域技术人员的公知技术。
Claims (5)
1.一种止咳化痰的中药组合物,其特征在于,由以下重量份数的原料制成:
麻黄12-48份、生石膏42-78份、山药27-63份、白及6-12份、百部3-8份、紫苑10-15份、款冬花10-15份、仙鹤草3-8份、牛蒡子7-12份、马兜铃4-8份、前胡4-8份、炒杏仁4-8份、白前6-12份、桔梗12-18份、陈皮3-8份、麦门冬10-15份、天门冬10-15份、百合15-22份、青果6-12份、沙参10-18份、炙桑皮7-12份、瓜蒌18-25份、薄荷4-8份、川贝7-12份、浙贝10-15份、金银花7-12份、炒酸枣仁15-22份、五味子4-8份、桑叶6-12份、甘草10-15份、生姜15-20份、广地龙10-15份、白蔹6-12份、功劳叶10-15份、僵蚕6-12份、萝卜450-550份、鲜藕25-35份、射干4-8份、阿胶15-22份、冰糖12-48份、蜂蜜12-48份、梨膏450-550份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的止咳化痰的中药组合物,其特征在于,由以下重量份数的原料制成:
麻黄30份、生石膏60份、山药45份、白及9份、百部6份、紫苑12份、款冬花12份、仙鹤草6份、牛蒡子9份、马兜铃6份、前胡6份、炒杏仁6份、白前9份、桔梗15份、陈皮6份、麦门冬12份、天门冬12份、百合18份、青果9份、沙参15份、炙桑皮9份、瓜蒌21份、薄荷6份、川贝9份、浙贝12份、金银花9份、炒酸枣仁18份、五味子6份、桑叶9份、甘草12份、生姜18份、广地龙12份、白蔹9份、功劳叶12份、僵蚕9份、萝卜500份、鲜藕30份、射干6份、阿胶18份、冰糖30份、蜂蜜30份、梨膏500份。
3.一种制备如权利要求1或2所述的止咳化痰的中药组合物的方法,其特征在于,按上述重量份数,分别称取麻黄、生石膏、山药、白及、百部、紫苑、款冬花、仙鹤草、牛蒡子、马兜铃、前胡、炒杏仁、白前、桔梗、陈皮、麦门冬、天门冬、百合、青果、沙参、炙桑皮、瓜蒌、薄荷、川贝、浙贝、金银花、炒酸枣仁、五味子、桑叶、甘草、生姜、广地龙、白蔹、功劳叶、僵蚕、萝卜、鲜藕和射干,共捣粗末,水煎两遍,过滤取汁,缓火熬浓,加入上述重量份数的阿胶、冰糖、蜂蜜、梨膏,缓火熬成流膏,即得。
4.根据权利要求3所述的方法,其特征在于,所述梨膏的制备方法为:大梨适量,去皮及核,切碎,加水适量,煮烂,去渣取汁,以缓火熬浓,加蜜适量,收膏。
5.一种如权利要求1或2所述的中药组合物在制备用于止咳化痰的药物中的应用。
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