CN110799723B - 用于切割井管的工具 - Google Patents
用于切割井管的工具 Download PDFInfo
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
- B26D—CUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
- B26D1/00—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor
- B26D1/01—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor involving a cutting member which does not travel with the work
- B26D1/04—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor involving a cutting member which does not travel with the work having a linearly-movable cutting member
- B26D1/06—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor involving a cutting member which does not travel with the work having a linearly-movable cutting member wherein the cutting member reciprocates
- B26D1/08—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor involving a cutting member which does not travel with the work having a linearly-movable cutting member wherein the cutting member reciprocates of the guillotine type
- B26D1/09—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor involving a cutting member which does not travel with the work having a linearly-movable cutting member wherein the cutting member reciprocates of the guillotine type with a plurality of cutting members
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B29/00—Cutting or destroying pipes, packers, plugs, or wire lines, located in boreholes or wells, e.g. cutting of damaged pipes, of windows; Deforming of pipes in boreholes or wells; Reconditioning of well casings while in the ground
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23D—PLANING; SLOTTING; SHEARING; BROACHING; SAWING; FILING; SCRAPING; LIKE OPERATIONS FOR WORKING METAL BY REMOVING MATERIAL, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23D21/00—Machines or devices for shearing or cutting tubes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23D—PLANING; SLOTTING; SHEARING; BROACHING; SAWING; FILING; SCRAPING; LIKE OPERATIONS FOR WORKING METAL BY REMOVING MATERIAL, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23D29/00—Hand-held metal-shearing or metal-cutting devices
- B23D29/002—Hand-held metal-shearing or metal-cutting devices for cutting wire or the like
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
- B26D—CUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
- B26D1/00—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor
- B26D1/01—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor involving a cutting member which does not travel with the work
- B26D1/04—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor involving a cutting member which does not travel with the work having a linearly-movable cutting member
- B26D1/06—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor involving a cutting member which does not travel with the work having a linearly-movable cutting member wherein the cutting member reciprocates
- B26D1/08—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor involving a cutting member which does not travel with the work having a linearly-movable cutting member wherein the cutting member reciprocates of the guillotine type
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
- B26D—CUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
- B26D3/00—Cutting work characterised by the nature of the cut made; Apparatus therefor
- B26D3/16—Cutting rods or tubes transversely
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B33/00—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells
- E21B33/02—Surface sealing or packing
- E21B33/03—Well heads; Setting-up thereof
- E21B33/06—Blow-out preventers, i.e. apparatus closing around a drill pipe, e.g. annular blow-out preventers
- E21B33/061—Ram-type blow-out preventers, e.g. with pivoting rams
- E21B33/062—Ram-type blow-out preventers, e.g. with pivoting rams with sliding rams
- E21B33/063—Ram-type blow-out preventers, e.g. with pivoting rams with sliding rams for shearing drill pipes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
- B26D—CUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
- B26D1/00—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor
- B26D1/0006—Cutting members therefor
- B26D2001/0066—Cutting members therefor having shearing means, e.g. shearing blades, abutting blades
Abstract
管切割工具(1),包括固定刀(12)和可平移刀(14),该固定刀在第一平面中固定至框架中(11),该可平移刀可沿布置在所述框架(11)的第二平面中的刀平移路径(113)滑动地移动,其中,刀(12,14)和框架(11)界定中央框架孔(114),该框架孔(114)形成用于待切割管(2)的通道,可平移刀(14)布置成与固定刀(12)径向相对,刀(12,14)具有弯曲刀口(121,141),该弯曲刀口的曲率小于或等于待切割管(2)的内管壁(24)的附近区段,刀(12,14)中的每一个覆盖至多180°的扇区,弯曲刀口(121,141)中的每一个由侧边缘(123,143)界定,该侧边缘具有偏离弯曲刀口(121,141)的相邻区段的方向,并且可平移刀(14)经由线性致动器系统(16)连接至框架(11)。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种管切割工具,其包括在第一平面中固定于框架中的固定刀和布置在所述平面的第二平面中的可沿着刀平移路径滑动地移动的可平移刀。
背景技术
放弃地面下的井(例如,无利可图的油气井)是一个难题并且昂贵,尤其在井为水下油井的时候。尤其,可能涉及将管从井中拉出并且将它们切割成合适的块以用于进一步处理。通常,由于管不能再利用并且进行进一步的切割花费时间太长,所以耦接的管接头将不进一步被切成块。
为了用已知的某种形式的切割工具(例如,使用转动的锯片)对管进行切割;参见例如US 4458421A和NO 320571B1,切割线缆或涂有金刚石的线;参见例如EP 0540834A1,高压下的磨蚀性液体射流;参见例如NO 314733B1,液压操作的剪切刀片。
另外,从NO 20111567中已知一种管切割工具,该管切割工具包括固定刀与可移动刀,通过致动器可使该可移动刀沿着固定刀的方向线性可滑动地移动。
现有技术方案的缺点在于切割成块花费时间太长,存在在易爆环境中产生火花的风险,存在从管中排出受污染的液体的风险,并且操作人员将不得不在悬浮物附近徘徊,与被切成块的管的接合突然释放的该悬浮物可能从其接合位置外摆出。
发明内容
本发明的目的是为了缓解或减少现有技术中的至少一个缺点,或者至少为现有技术方案提供有用的替代方案。
该目的通过本公开和所附专利权利要求中公开的特征实现。
本发明提供了一种管切割工具,其包括:固定刀,该固定刀固定地附接在框架的第一平面中;以及可平移刀,该可平移刀能在所述框架的第二平面中滑动地移动,其中,可平移刀布置成横向于固定刀,使得布置在处于切割阶段的刀之间的孔中的管至少部分地被刀包围。在固定刀的背向待切割管的区段的一侧处,优选地设置有弯曲的第一支座,其曲率直径基本等于管的外径。第一支座优选地刚性耦接至固定刀,固定刀的切割刀口和第一支座具有重合的曲率中心。曲率直径基本等于管的外径的弯曲的第二支座优选地设置在可平移刀的面向待切割管的区段的一侧处。第二支座优选地刚性连接至固定刀,可平移刀的切割刀口和第二支座具有重合的曲率中心。
优选地,刀被设计成凹入地弯曲,通常,切割刀口的曲率直径最大等于待切割管的内径。固定刀和可平移刀中的每一个通常覆盖至多180度的扇区。优选地,每个弯曲刀口由侧边缘限制。优选地,侧边缘围绕穿过刀的框架和中心的纵轴线对称布置,并且侧边缘可具有重合方向。
可平移刀连接至一个或多个致动器,其对准以使所述刀沿着框架中的引导路径滑动地移动。优选地,致动器形成为连接至液压动力单元的液压缸。
管切割工具在操作状态设置成可沿着管的径向方向自由地滑动移动。因此,通过框架和固定刀的移位,抵靠管推动可平移刀的反作用力会一直被固定刀吸收。通常,框架可以从链、支柱等悬挂。在优选实施方式中,框架使用弹性支柱悬挂在滑架中。因此,框架将“漂浮”使得刀基本暴露于具有与相应刀面重合的方向的力。
在一个可替换实施方式中,在可平移刀的背向待切割管段的一侧处设置有分离的可移动第二支座,第二支座配备有一个或多个致动器,该致动器设置成至少在切割操作的初始阶段将管牢固地保持在第二支座与固定刀之间的抓持件中。
框架可分开成与固定刀相距一距离。因此,管切割工具可通过在打开位置中在框架关闭之前朝向管径向引导而使得框架随后包围管的一部分,而布置在上升管处的切割位置且无需搁到管的上升端部上。
更具体地,本发明涉及一种管切割工具,其包括:固定刀,该固定刀固定在框架中的第一平面中;以及可平移刀,该可平移刀可沿着布置在所述框架的第二平面中的刀平移路径滑动地移动,其特征为:
刀和框架界定中央框架孔,
框架孔形成用于待切割管的通道,
可平移刀布置成与固定刀径向相对,
刀具有弯曲刀口,
每个刀覆盖至多180°的扇区,
可平移刀经由线性致动器系统连接至框架,并且框架是可分开的,固定刀被固定到第一框架区段,并且可平移刀附接至第二框架区段,该第二框架区段可利用铰链装置锁定连接至第一框架区段。
可平移刀可布置在与固定刀不同的平面中,并且可平移刀能滑动地移动以与固定刀重叠。
框架是可分开的,固定刀被固定到第一框架区段,并且可平移刀附接至第二框架区段。第二框架区段可利用铰链装置锁定连接至第一框架区段。
每个刀可耦接至布置在与相应刀口相距一距离的管支座,并且其曲率半径基本等于管的外半径。
框架可附接在弹性悬挂装置中。
附图说明
在下文中,描述了附图中示出的优选实施方式的实例,在附图中:
图1以基本轮廓示出了根据本发明的管切割工具的原理图,
图2以侧向轮廓示出了管切割工具的原理图,该管切割工具被示出为悬挂在滚动件路径中,
图3至图6示出了在基本轮廓中看到的根据图1的处于切割管的不同阶段的管切割工具的原理图,
图7以透视图示出了处于打开位置的管切割工具的实施方式,
图8以透视图示出了根据图7的处于关闭位置的管切割工具的实施方式,在关闭位置中,可平移刀处于收回位置,
图9以透视图示出了从下面看的根据图7的处于关闭位置的管切割工具的实施方式,在关闭位置中,可移动管支座处于可向外滑动移动的位置,以及
图10以透视图示出了从下面看的根据图7的处于关闭位置的管切割工具的实施方式,在关闭位置中,可平移刀处于可向外滑动移动的位置。
具体实施方式
首先,参考图1,其中参考标号1是指管切割工具,其中,固定刀12和可平移刀14布置在框架中。刀12、14两者均为平的,并且分别具有凹入的半圆形刀口121、141;适应于切割各种尺寸的管2(参见图4-图7)。刀口121、141的曲率直径最大等于管2的内径。每个刀口121、141分别由侧边缘123、143限制,这里该侧边缘相对半圆形刀口121、141沿大致径向方向设置。有利地,侧边缘123、143关于穿过刀口的曲率中心的轴平面对称,以抵抗由侧边缘123、143侵入到管中所引起的施加至刀12、14的侧向力。
固定刀12在第一平面中被固定到框架11。可平移刀14布置成在第二平面中可在收回的初始位置与可向外滑动移动的位置之间滑动地移动。由于第一平面和第二平面是平行的并且布置成彼此相距一距离,所以当处于可向外滑动移动的位置时,可平移刀14可与固定刀12重叠,如图10所示。
框架11配备有刀引导路径113,该刀引导路径对准以在可平移刀的移位期间引导可平移刀14。
线性致动器系统16连接至可平移刀14和框架11,并且被布置成使可平移刀14滑动地移动。线性致动器系统16可由连接至具有对应控制阀(未示出)的液压动力单元的一个或多个液压缸形成。
固定刀12和可平移刀14分别配备有其自己的管支座13、15。管支座13、15分别具有凹入的支座面131、151;其直径对应于管2的外径。支座面131、151的曲率中心分别与相应刀口121、141的曲率中心122、142重合。
框架11包括由铰链装置111和框架锁112连接的第一框架区段11a和第二框架区段11b。框架锁112可枢转地附接在第一框架区段11a和第二框架区段11b中的一者中,并且被对准以与第一框架区段11a和第二框架区段11b中的第二者的一部分锁定接合,具体参见图7和图8。因此,如图7所示,框架11可以打开。这简化了连接管切割工具1和待切割的管2。
现在参考图2,其中示出了管切割工具1的弹性悬挂装置19的实例,管切割工具1悬挂在来自滑架192的支柱193中,该滑架可沿着滚动件路径191滑动地移动。支柱193允许管切割工具1相对于滑架192移动,例如其中,支柱193是可伸缩的并且通过枢轴节194与滑架和管切割工具连接。在其最简单的实施方式中,支柱193可以由链形成。悬挂装置19的目的是允许管切割工具1使自身相对于管2定位,而由于管切割工具1相对于管2的定向偏差和/或无定心使吊架悬挂装置或管切割工具1不遭受显著应变。
图7至图10示出了管切割工具1的实际实施方式;在此并未示出悬挂装置19。
有利地,管切割工具1配备有可移动的第二支座17(参见图7和图9)。第二支座17通常以连接至具有对应控制阀(未示出)的液压动力单元的液压缸的形式耦接至第二支座致动器18。使用第二支座17和固定刀12,管切割工具1可以在可平移刀14可抵靠管2滑动地移动之前固定到管2上。
值得一提的是,所有以上提及的实施方式示出了本发明;但不限制本发明,并且本领域技术人员将能够在不偏离所附权利要求的范围的情况下预见到许多可替换实施方式。在权利要求中,括号中的参考标号不应解释为限制性的。
动词“包括”及其不同形式的使用不排除权利要求中未提及的元件或步骤的存在。元件之前的冠词“一个”不排除多个这种元件的存在。
Claims (6)
1.管切割工具(1),包括固定刀(12)和可平移刀(14),所述固定刀在第一平面中固定至框架(11),所述可平移刀能沿着布置在所述框架(11)的第二平面中的刀平移路径(113)滑动地移动,
其中,所述固定刀(12)、所述可平移刀(14)和所述框架(11)界定中央框架孔(114),所述中央框架孔(114)形成用于待切割管(2)的通道,
所述可平移刀(14)布置成与所述固定刀(12)径向相对,并且
所述可平移刀(14)经由线性致动器系统(16)连接至所述框架(11),并且其中,所述框架(11)是能分开的,所述固定刀(12)附接至第一框架区段(11a),并且所述可平移刀(14)附接至第二框架区段(11b),所述第二框架区段能利用铰链装置(111)锁定耦接至所述第一框架区段(11a),其特征在于
所述固定刀(12)和所述可平移刀(14)具有弯曲刀口(121,141),所述固定刀(12)和所述可平移刀(14)中的每一个覆盖至多180°的扇区并且所述固定刀和所述可平移刀中的每一个的曲率半径基本等于所述待切割管(2)的外半径,每个刀还配备有带有支座面(131/151)的管支座(13/15),所述支座面(131/151)具有与所述待切割管的外直径对应的直径以及与所述可平移刀的曲率中心重合的曲率中心。
2.根据权利要求1所述的管切割工具(1),
其中,所述可平移刀(14)布置在与所述固定刀(12)不同的平面中,并且所述可平移刀(14)能滑动地移动以与所述固定刀(12)重叠。
3.根据权利要求1所述的管切割工具(1),还包括可移动支座构件(17),所述可移动支座构件能由支座致动器18移动至与所述待切割管(2)接合,所述可移动支座构件布置成在所述可平移刀移动抵靠所述待切割管(2)之前将所述管切割工具固定到所述待切割管(2)上。
4.根据权利要求1至3中的一项所述的管切割工具(1),
其中,所述框架(11)附接在弹性悬挂装置(19)中,所述框架布置成使得所述管切割工具能固定至所述待切割管(2)以用于在从井竖直地拉动所述管时进行切割。
5.根据权利要求1至3中的一项所述的管切割工具(1),
其中,所述弯曲刀口(121,141)中的每一个由侧边缘(123,143)界定,所述侧边缘具有偏离所述弯曲刀口(121,141)的相邻区段的方向。
6.根据权利要求1至3中的一项所述的管切割工具(1),
其中,所述弯曲刀口(121,141)具有最大等于所述待切割管的内径的边缘曲率直径。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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NO20170993A NO343501B1 (no) | 2017-06-16 | 2017-06-16 | Verktøy for kutting av brønnrør |
NO20170993 | 2017-06-16 | ||
PCT/EP2018/065595 WO2018229097A1 (en) | 2017-06-16 | 2018-06-13 | Tool for cutting well tubular |
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CN110799723A CN110799723A (zh) | 2020-02-14 |
CN110799723B true CN110799723B (zh) | 2021-12-14 |
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US (1) | US20200164538A1 (zh) |
EP (1) | EP3638871B1 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN110799723B (zh) |
DK (1) | DK3638871T3 (zh) |
MX (1) | MX2019013959A (zh) |
NO (1) | NO343501B1 (zh) |
PL (1) | PL3638871T3 (zh) |
WO (1) | WO2018229097A1 (zh) |
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NO344001B1 (en) * | 2017-11-29 | 2019-08-12 | Smart Installations As | Method for cutting a tubular structure at a drill floor and a cutting tool for carrying out such method |
CN113118541A (zh) * | 2021-04-13 | 2021-07-16 | 江苏华阳管业股份有限公司 | 一种弯头生产线及弯头的制造方法 |
CN113733738B (zh) * | 2021-09-06 | 2022-12-09 | 廊坊市文豪印刷包装有限公司 | 一种高效的包装印刷机 |
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2018
- 2018-06-13 MX MX2019013959A patent/MX2019013959A/es unknown
- 2018-06-13 DK DK18742705.9T patent/DK3638871T3/da active
- 2018-06-13 PL PL18742705T patent/PL3638871T3/pl unknown
- 2018-06-13 CN CN201880039676.8A patent/CN110799723B/zh active Active
- 2018-06-13 WO PCT/EP2018/065595 patent/WO2018229097A1/en active Application Filing
- 2018-06-13 EP EP18742705.9A patent/EP3638871B1/en active Active
- 2018-06-13 US US16/615,412 patent/US20200164538A1/en not_active Abandoned
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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NO343501B1 (no) | 2019-03-25 |
MX2019013959A (es) | 2020-07-14 |
WO2018229097A1 (en) | 2018-12-20 |
EP3638871A1 (en) | 2020-04-22 |
US20200164538A1 (en) | 2020-05-28 |
PL3638871T3 (pl) | 2021-07-12 |
CN110799723A (zh) | 2020-02-14 |
EP3638871B1 (en) | 2021-03-31 |
DK3638871T3 (da) | 2021-04-26 |
NO20170993A1 (no) | 2018-12-17 |
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