CN110793409A - Bundle-shaped blast hole cut blasting method for reducing vibration by utilizing random delay error of common detonator - Google Patents
Bundle-shaped blast hole cut blasting method for reducing vibration by utilizing random delay error of common detonator Download PDFInfo
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
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- F42D3/04—Particular applications of blasting techniques for rock blasting
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D1/00—Blasting methods or apparatus, e.g. loading or tamping
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- F42D1/045—Arrangements for electric ignition
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Abstract
The invention discloses a bundle-shaped blast hole cut blasting method for reducing vibration by utilizing random delay errors of common detonators. The invention utilizes the random delay error of the common millisecond delay detonator to form a short delay detonating mode, scientifically selects reasonable detonator section positions by a Monte Carlo simulation method, realizes a method for beam-shaped blast hole cutting blasting for controlling blasting vibration damage, can ensure cutting blasting effect and reduce blasting vibration effect, and can scientifically and reasonably adopt the common millisecond delay detonator with low cost as the detonating detonator.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the mine blasting technology, and particularly relates to a bundled blast hole undermining blasting method, in particular to a bundled blast hole undermining blasting method for reducing vibration by utilizing random delay errors of common detonators.
Background
In the stoping process of a large-diameter deep-hole stope, a stope cutting raise serves as a compensation space and a free surface of subsequent side-caving blasting, is a key link for ensuring normal and efficient stoping of the whole stope, and has important engineering value. The bundle-shaped blast hole undermining blasting method is adopted by more mines at present as the most popular safe, efficient and low-cost raise boring method in the production of large-diameter deep-hole stopes, but the blasting technology adopted by the raise boring method is always troubled by undermining effect and two opposite surfaces for preventing overlarge blasting vibration damage. Especially in the blasting of beam-shaped blast holes, can reach good undercutting blasting effect when a plurality of intensive parallel major diameter blast holes explode simultaneously, but its charge is big and intensive, and only has single free surface, and this has caused very big blasting vibration harm, and adopts less major diameter blast holes to explode simultaneously, and the beam-shaped blast hole effect can greatly reduced, and then causes the undercutting effect to be difficult to reach the anticipated effect. Therefore, the contradictory properties of the above mentioned contradictions are relatively outstanding in production practice, especially in beam-like large-diameter deep hole undercutting blasting with only a single free face.
The large blasting vibration easily causes the ore rock of the stope roof and the side wall to collapse, and the safe and normal operation of stope stoping operation is influenced. Therefore, the control on the vibration damage of the beam-shaped blast hole undermining blasting is particularly important, the short-delay blasting vibration reduction technology is widely applied at present, compared with the same-section blasting, the short-delay blasting vibration reduction technology can not only guarantee the consistent blasting effect, but also has an obvious vibration reduction effect, in the past, accurate short-delay blasting between holes is often realized through electronic detonators, but in the beam-shaped blast hole undermining blasting, due to the fact that a multi-layered blasting mode is adopted and the number of blast holes is large, more detonators need to be arranged in a single undermining mode, and poor economy is achieved when the electronic detonators are adopted. Therefore, it is important to search for a beam-shaped blast hole cutting blasting method capable of scientifically, reasonably, reliably and economically controlling vibration hazards.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem solved by the invention is as follows: aiming at the problem of poor economy of short-delay blasting vibration reduction by adopting an electronic detonator in the prior art, the bundled blast hole undermining blasting method for reducing vibration by utilizing random delay errors of a common detonator is provided.
The invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
a bundle-shaped blast hole cut blasting method for reducing vibration by utilizing random delay errors of common detonators is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the method comprises the steps of firstly, selecting a reasonable arrangement mode and a reasonable charging structure of blast holes in an undermining blasting area according to the properties of field ore rocks, wherein the blast holes in the undermining blasting area at least comprise a plurality of bunched blast holes positioned in the middle of the undermining blasting area, the detonating detonators of the bunched blast holes adopt common millisecond delay detonators with the same section position, and the short delay blasting between the detonators with the same section position in the bunched blast holes is realized by utilizing random delay errors between the common millisecond delay detonators with the same section position.
Further, the detonator section position selection of the beam-shaped blast hole comprises the following steps:
firstly, establishing a curve function of single-section blasting vibration speed-time of the detonator,
wherein V (t) is the particle vibration velocity at the time t on the time curve of the single-section blasting vibration velocity time course, the unit is cm/s, K and α are respectively the site coefficients in the blasting vibration velocity regression formula, Q is the single-section priming explosive quantity, the unit is kg, R is the distance between the centers of explosion, the unit is m, β isThe attenuation coefficient of the particle vibration velocity amplitude along with the time under the damping effect, f,
Respectively the main vibration frequency and the initial phase of the vibration waveform;
secondly, obtaining a blasting vibration speed time-course curve generated after the ith blast hole is detonated when all the bunched blast holes are detonated through a formula (1),
wherein, Vi(t) is the particle vibration speed at the moment t on the blasting vibration speed time course curve after the ith blast hole is detonated, and the unit is cm/s; qiThe unit of the initiation explosive is kg of the ith blast hole; riIn order to protect the distance between the vibration monitoring point of the building and the center of the initiating explosive charge of the ith blast hole, the unit is kg and tiThe actual detonation time of the detonating primer of the ith blast hole is s,
because random delay errors exist among common millisecond delay detonators, all the bunched blast holes in the same section are actually short delay blasting, a superposed blasting vibration curve after all the bunched blast hole explosive charges are detonated is established through a formula (2),
wherein Σ v (t) is the particle vibration velocity at time t on the superimposed blasting vibration curve after all the beam-shaped blast hole explosive charges are detonated, the unit is cm/s, and n is the number of beam-shaped blast holes;
thirdly, according to different random delay error ranges of common millisecond delay detonators with different section positions, respectively solving a target superposition waveform function sigma V (t) when the different section position detonators are used as beam-shaped blast hole initiation detonators by a Monte Carlo method to obtain the probability of different peak speed reduction rates when each section position detonators are used as beam-shaped blast hole initiation detonators, and selecting 2-3 groups of detonator section positions with good vibration reduction effect and high reliability by combining the requirement of the safety standard of protecting the vibration speed of a building;
and fourthly, respectively carrying out field test blasting undermining effect analysis on the 2-3 groups of common millisecond delay detonator sections selected in the third step, and determining the common millisecond delay detonator sections with good final vibration reduction effect and undermining effect.
Furthermore, the blast holes in the cut blasting area further comprise at least one circle of expanded blast holes positioned on the periphery of the bundled blast holes, the bundled blast holes are blasted in a segmented and delayed mode to the expanded blast holes, and the expanded blast holes are detonated by adopting the same segment position according to every 3-4 holes.
Furthermore, the bundle-shaped blast holes are distributed in a circle by taking the center of the cut blasting area as a circle center, and the expanded-slot blast holes are uniformly distributed on a circle track on the periphery of the bundle-shaped blast holes by taking the center of the cut blasting area as a circle center.
Further, the distance between the bunched holes and the diameter of the bunched holes are calculated by adopting the following formula:
l ═ KD formula (4),
and L is the interval of the beam-shaped blast holes, K is an empirical coefficient, the value range determined by experience is K-3-9 according to lithology and explosive performance, and D is the diameter of the beam-shaped blast holes.
Furthermore, resistance lines are reserved at the bottom of each blast hole in charging structures of all blast holes, the blast holes are charged continuously in layers, the layers are separated by river sand, and the tops of the blast holes are blocked by the river sand.
The invention adopts the random delay error between the same section of common millisecond delay detonators as the short delay blasting of the beam-shaped blast holes, optimizes the section position of the initiation detonators forming the raise through the cutting blasting of the beam-shaped blast holes, through carrying out mathematical modeling on the vibration speed and time waveform of the common detonators during blasting, optimizing and analyzing the reliability of blasting vibration reduction when the common millisecond delay detonators with different section positions explode the bundled blast hole explosive packages by combining a Monte Carlo method, selecting a plurality of section positions with better vibration reduction effect of the common detonators during blasting of each section position, combining the actual cut blasting effect to obtain the optimal bundled blast hole blasting detonator section position with high vibration reduction reliability and good cut effect, the short delay blasting in the beam-shaped blast hole cut blasting process is formed by fully utilizing random delay errors among common millisecond delay detonators at the same section, and the optimal effect of vibration reduction of raise cut blasting is achieved.
In summary, the invention aims at the defects of large blasting vibration and high control cost in the existing beam-shaped blast hole undermining blasting, utilizes random delay errors of common millisecond delay detonators to form a short-delay blasting mode, scientifically selects reasonable detonator segment positions through a Monte Carlo simulation method, realizes the beam-shaped blast hole undermining blasting method for controlling blasting vibration damage, can ensure undermining blasting effect and reduce blasting vibration effect, and can scientifically and reasonably adopt low-cost common millisecond delay detonators as the blasting detonators, thereby achieving the final purpose in a mode of obviously reducing cost.
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and detailed description.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a plan view of a plunge blasting hole in the example.
Fig. 2 is a graph of the vibration velocity of the conventional beam-shaped blast hole undercutting blasting.
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the effect of controlling the vibration velocity curve of beam-shaped blast hole undercutting blasting in the embodiment.
Detailed Description
According to the beam-shaped blast hole cut blasting, reasonable arrangement modes and charging structures of blast holes in cut blasting areas are selected according to the properties of field ore rocks, then beam-shaped blast hole blasting detonator sections with high vibration reduction reliability and good cutting effect are selected from common millisecond delay detonators for charging, and short delay blasting vibration reduction of beam-shaped blast holes is carried out by utilizing random delay errors of the common millisecond delay detonators.
The blast holes in the cut blasting area further comprise at least one circle of expanded blast holes located on the periphery of the beam-shaped blast holes, wherein the circle of expanded blast holes is distributed in the beam-shaped blast holes by taking the center of the cut blasting area as the center of a circle, the expanded blast holes are uniformly distributed on the circle track on the periphery of the beam-shaped blast holes by taking the center of the cut blasting area as the center of a circle, the beam-shaped blast holes are blasted in a segmented and delayed mode outwards to the expanded blast holes, and the expanded blast holes are detonated by adopting the same segment position according to every 3-4 holes.
The specific blast hole arrangement of this embodiment is as shown in fig. 1, three circles of blast holes are arranged in the cut blasting area, and the first circle of blast holes, the second circle of blast holes and the third circle of blast holes are respectively arranged on three concentric circles with diameters gradually enlarged. Only the first circle of blast holes are bundled blast holes, only a single free surface exists during blasting, the blasting clamping performance is large, the blasting vibration is large, and the second circle of blast holes and the third circle of blast holes are both expanded slot blast holes and have the characteristics of multiple free surfaces, small blasting clamping performance and small blasting vibration.
The blast hole system comprises a first circle of blast holes, a second circle of blast holes, a third circle of blast holes and a plurality of blast holes, wherein the first circle of blast holes is provided with 5 blast holes, the 5 blast holes are uniformly distributed on the same circumference according to the same interval, the second circle of blast holes is provided with 6 blast holes, the 6 blast holes are uniformly distributed on the second circumference according to the same interval, the third circle of blast holes is provided with 8 blast holes, and the 8 blast holes are uniformly distributed on the third circumference according to the same interval. And blasting holes in the same layered slot-expanding blasting area are detonated after all the bunched blasting holes in the first circle are detonated, and the secondary detonator section adopted by the outer layer slot-expanding blasting hole is higher than that adopted by the bunched blasting hole.
The distance between the bunched blast holes in the first circle of blast holes and the diameter of the blast holes are calculated by adopting the following formula:
l ═ KD formula (4),
l is the interval of the bunched blast holes, K is an empirical coefficient, the value range is determined empirically to be 3-9 according to lithology and explosive performance, D is the diameter of the bunched blast holes, and the diameter of the blast holes in the embodiment is a downward large-diameter deep hole of 110-250 mm.
The charging structure of all blast holes is that 1.0m of resisting line is left at the bottom of the hole, each 5 layered explosive packages are charged continuously, river sand of 1.5m is arranged between the layered charging structures, and the top of each layered explosive package is blocked by 3.0m of river sand.
In the blasting process, all bundle form blastholes of regional first round of underholing blasting adopt the ordinary millisecond delay detonator of same section position respectively in unison per minute layering to explode, and the regional second circle of underholing blasting and the third round blasthole of underholing are each layered and adopt same section position to explode for per 3 ~ 4 holes, can reduce the regional single-stage of underholing ore volume in underholing on the one hand, increase ore throwing time, improve the underholing effect, and on the other hand can reduce the single-stage dose, and then reduce the underholing blasting vibration.
The common millisecond delay detonator which can be used in the embodiment is a first series millisecond detonator of a millisecond detonator detonating tube in national standard. The normal millisecond delay detonator has nominal delay time which is specifically calibrated, and the actual delay time compared with the nominal delay time detonator has certain errors, and the actual delay time is randomly distributed in the error range.
For example, the delay time of the 1# section position detonator is 0ms without delay error, and for the 2# to 8# low-section position ordinary millisecond delay detonator, the corresponding delay error is within +/-25 ms, and the delay error is increased relative to the 1# section position along with the increase of the detonator section number. The blasting of this embodiment utilizes this time delay error for adopt 5 bunched blastholes of same section position to form the short time-lapse detonating mode between the hole, thereby reach the purpose of falling the vibration under the prerequisite of guaranteeing the undercutting effect.
The section selection of the ordinary millisecond delay detonator adopted by the embodiment specifically comprises the following steps:
firstly, establishing a single-section blasting vibration speed-time curve function of the detonator as shown in the specification
Wherein V (t) is the particle vibration velocity at the time t on the time curve of the single-section blasting vibration velocity time course, the unit is cm/s, K and α are respectively the site coefficients in the blasting vibration velocity regression formula, Q is the single-section priming explosive quantity, the unit is kg, R is the detonation center distance, the unit is m, β is the attenuation coefficient of the particle vibration velocity amplitude along with the time under the damping effect, f,
Respectively, the dominant frequency and the initial phase of the vibration waveform.
In fig. 1, when the first ring of 5 bundled holes is detonated in a first layered manner, a blasting vibration velocity time-course curve generated after the ith hole is detonated when all the bundled holes are detonated is obtained through formula (1), wherein the blasting vibration velocity time-course curve generated after the ith hole is detonated
Wherein, Vi(t) is the particle vibration speed at the moment t on the blasting vibration speed time course curve after the ith blast hole is detonated, and the unit is cm/s; qiThe unit of the initiation explosive is kg of the ith blast hole; riIn order to protect the distance between the vibration monitoring point of the building and the center of the initiating explosive charge of the ith blast hole, the unit is kg and tiThe actual detonation time of the detonation detonator of the ith blast hole is s.
Because random delay errors exist among common millisecond delay detonators, all the bunched blast holes in the same section are actually short delay blasting, a superposed blasting vibration curve after all the bunched blast hole explosive charges are detonated is established through a formula (2),
wherein, Σ v (t) is the particle vibration velocity at time t on the superimposed blasting vibration curve after all the bundle-shaped blast hole explosive charges are detonated, the unit is cm/s, n is the number of bundle-shaped blast holes, and the value of this embodiment is 5.
Thirdly, according to different random delay error ranges of common millisecond delay detonators with different section positions, when the common millisecond delay detonators with the 2# to 8# different section positions are used as the initiating detonators with 5 bundled blast holes, the target superposed wave function sigma V (t) when the common millisecond delay detonators with the different section positions are used as the initiating detonators with the bundled blast holes is respectively solved through a Monte Carlo method, the probability of different peak speed reduction rates when each section position detonator is used as the initiating detonator with the bundled blast holes is obtained, and 2-3 groups of detonator section positions with good vibration reduction effect and high reliability are selected according to the requirement of the building vibration speed safety standard. The Monte Carlo method is a common calculation method in statistics, and a calculation result can be quickly obtained through conventional computer software.
And fourthly, respectively carrying out field test blasting undermining effect analysis on the 2-3 groups of common millisecond delay detonator sections selected in the third step, and determining the common millisecond delay detonator sections with good final vibration reduction effect and undermining effect.
The vibration damping effect of the undercut for blasting according to the invention is explained in detail below by means of a specific application example.
Establishing a single-section blasting vibration speed-time curve function according to a formula (1), wherein a site coefficient K is 124, α is 1.3836, the attenuation coefficient β of the mass point vibration speed amplitude along with the time under the damping effect is 50, the main vibration frequency f of a vibration waveform is 50Hz, and the initial phase position
0, the protection building is a filling body with the age of more than 28 d. According to the formula (1), the vibration velocity curve function generated after the ith blast hole is detonated can be deduced, wherein the loading Q of the first layering of each holeiAll 45kg, and considering that the distance between each blast hole is very close, the distance R between the vibration monitoring point at the filling body and the center of each blast hole explosive charge is the center of the explosive chargeiUniformly taking the actual detonation time t of 50m, 1# -8 # section ordinary millisecond delay detonatorsiAre respectively [0, 0]、[15，35]、[40，60]、[65，90]、[95，125]、[130，170]、[175，220]、[225，275]ms. According to the formula (2), the superposed wave function of the same-section blasting vibration curves of the 5 bunched blastholes can be deduced, as shown in the formula (3).
The method comprises the steps of respectively carrying out simulation analysis on superposed waveform functions when different section detonators are used as beam-shaped blast hole blasting detonators through a Monte Carlo method, firstly obtaining that the peak speed of a vibration monitoring point is 16.0cm/s when a 1# section detonator is used as the blasting detonator, then obtaining the probability of different peak speed reduction rates of the vibration monitoring point when a 2# to 8# different section detonators are used as the blasting detonator, as shown in Table 1, wherein P1 is the probability when the vibration speed peak value is reduced by 10%, P2 is the probability when the vibration speed peak value is reduced by 20%, and by analogy, P9 is the probability when the vibration speed peak value is reduced by 90%.
TABLE 1 probability of different blasting vibration velocity peak value reduction rates of 2# -8 # section priming detonators in the embodiment
It can be seen from table 1 that each section of the blasting cap has a higher probability to reduce the peak value of the blasting vibration velocity by 40%, which shows that the vibration reduction by using the random delay error of the low-section normal millisecond delay detonator is scientific and reasonable, and the reliability of the beam-shaped blast hole channeling blasting vibration control is gradually improved along with the rise of the section of the blasting cap, so that the vibration reduction effect is considered only, the higher the section of the blasting cap is, the better the higher the section of the blasting cap is, according to the conservative value of the safety allowance standard in the national GB 6722-.
In this embodiment, a common millisecond delay detonator of a 6# section position is firstly used as a blasting detonator for beam-shaped blast hole cut blasting, as shown in fig. 1, a first layered detonator section position arrangement mode of deep hole cut blasting in the figure is a preferred blasting mode of the present invention, a cut blasting area is divided into three circles of blast holes, 5 blast holes of a first circle are beam-shaped cut blast holes, a short-delay blasting mode is realized by using a random delay error of a common millisecond delay detonator of a 3# section position, cut blasting is performed under a single free surface condition, 6 blast holes of a second circle are slot-expanded blast holes, a blasting detonator section position comprises 7# and 8#, lateral ore is performed by using a cut dead zone formed by the first circle of blast holes, 8 blast holes of a third circle are also slot-expanded blast holes, a blasting section position comprises 7# and 8#, and lateral ore blasting is performed by using a dead zone formed by the first two circles of blast holes.
All blast holes of the embodiment are downward blast holes drilled by a T-150 type down-the-hole drill, the diameter is 165mm, the hole depth is about 50m, the calculation formula L of the invention is KD, the bunch-shaped blast hole distance is 0.5 m-1.5 m, the middle value is 1.1m, the first 5 bunch-shaped blast holes can be uniformly arranged on the circumference with the diameter of 1.8m, the 6 blast holes of the second circle and the 8 blast holes of the third circle are slot-expanding blast holes, the blast hole distance is 2m, and the blast holes are respectively and uniformly arranged on the circumferences with the diameters of 4m and 6.4m, the explosive package diameter is 140mm, the length is 0.5m, and the weight is 9 kg.
Blocking blast holes in all cut regions and charging, firstly winding and fixing one end of an iron wire and a cement lump, putting the cement lump from an upper orifice to a designed position for blocking through the iron wire, wherein the blocking position is 0.5m away from the bottom of the hole, then transversely erecting a wood stick at the orifice, binding and fixing the other end of the iron wire and the orifice wood stick, and filling proper river sand into the orifice to block the cement lump so that the blocking height is increased by 0.5m to the designed resistance line height; filling a first explosive package onto river sand from an orifice in a lifting rope suspension mode, then processing a second explosive package, firstly inserting a detonating tube detonator into the second explosive package, winding and fixing the detonator and the second explosive package by using an adhesive tape, then filling the second explosive package processed with the detonating tube detonator onto the top of the first explosive package by using a lifting rope, and binding and fixing the detonating tube on a wooden stick at the orifice, wherein the lowering speed of the lifting rope is consistent with that of the detonating tube in the filling process so as to prevent the detonating tube detonator from falling off or the detonating tube from being damaged due to overlarge stress, then filling according to the charging mode when the first explosive package is filled, and after the first explosive surface is filled to the designed height, filling river sand of 1.5m on the top of the last explosive package so as to finish the charging work of the first explosive package; then filling each subsequent layer of explosive package according to the explosive charging mode of the first layer of explosive package, and filling 3m river sand on the top of the uppermost explosive package after the explosive packages are filled to the designed explosion height to complete upper part blockage; and connecting the detonating tubes of each layer to the detonating network at the hole openings to perform detonating. The blasting sequence is a first layer of explosive package, a second layer of explosive package, a third layer of explosive package, and a last layer of explosive package in sequence, wherein a first ring of bunched blast holes in each layer are detonated first, a second ring of expanded groove blast holes and a third ring of expanded groove blast holes are detonated in sequence, and the detonation is carried out after the failure of the detonator section is confirmed.
To adopt the tradition beam form big gun hole undercutting blasting that does not have the time delay error and this embodiment adopt the ordinary millisecond delay detonator of 6# section position to carry out the beam form undercutting blasting and carry out vibration monitoring, the data that obtain are as follows:
table 2 shows the first layer blasting parameters and the measuring point vibration speed monitoring data of the first round of blast holes in the embodiment
It can be seen from table 2 that when the first round-bundle-shaped blast hole initiation detonator is 1# in the conventional bundle-shaped blast hole undermining blasting (the same-segment-position detonator does not delay blasting), the maximum blasting vibration velocity is 36.6cm/s, the dominant frequency is 22.0Hz, and the conventional bundle-shaped blast hole undermining blasting vibration velocity effect is shown in fig. 2. In the embodiment, the delay error of a 3# common detonator is utilized to perform bundle-shaped blast hole cut blasting vibration reduction, the maximum vibration speed can be controlled to be 13.2cm/s, the dominant frequency is 102.0Hz, and the vibration control effect of bundle-shaped blast hole cut blasting is shown in FIG. 3.
The effect shows that the cluster blast hole undermining blasting method for reducing the vibration of the No. 6 common detonator delay error is utilized in the embodiment, the blasting vibration speed is effectively controlled, the blasting vibration frequency is also obviously improved, the cluster blast hole undermining blasting method meets the safety allowable standard in the national blasting safety regulations, the undermining blasting height can reach the design requirement, compared with the accurate delay electronic detonator detonation mode, the blasting vibration control cost is effectively reduced, compared with the traditional method, the blasting vibration speed is reduced by 63.9%, the destructive effect of the cluster blast hole undermining blasting vibration on the stope high steep slope and the stope roof is greatly reduced, and the safety of the whole stope is improved.
And after carrying out on-site cut blasting tests on the 7# and 8# section ordinary millisecond delay detonators in the same way, selecting the section detonators with the optimal cut effect and the optimal damping effect as the first-circle beam-shaped blast hole blasting detonators to carry out subsequent raise cut blasting in a stope.
It should be understood that the above description is only exemplary of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and all modifications, equivalents, improvements, etc. made within the technical solution and principle of the present invention are included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A bundle-shaped blast hole cut blasting method for reducing vibration by utilizing random delay errors of common detonators is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the method comprises the steps of firstly, selecting a reasonable arrangement mode and a reasonable charging structure of blast holes in an undermining blasting area according to the properties of field ore rocks, wherein the blast holes in the undermining blasting area at least comprise a plurality of bunched blast holes positioned in the middle of the undermining blasting area, the detonating detonators of the bunched blast holes adopt common millisecond delay detonators with the same section position, and the short delay blasting between the detonators with the same section position in the bunched blast holes is realized by utilizing random delay errors between the common millisecond delay detonators with the same section position.
2. The bundle-like blast hole undermining blasting method for reducing vibration by using random delay errors of ordinary detonators according to claim 1, wherein the selection of the detonator section position of the bundle-like blast hole comprises the following steps:
firstly, establishing a curve function of single-section blasting vibration speed-time of the detonator,
wherein V (t) is the particle vibration velocity at the time t on the time curve of the single-section blasting vibration velocity time course, the unit is cm/s, K and α are respectively the site coefficients in the blasting vibration velocity regression formula, Q is the single-section priming explosive quantity, the unit is kg, R is the detonation center distance, the unit is m, β is the attenuation coefficient of the particle vibration velocity amplitude along with the time under the damping effect, f,
Respectively the main vibration frequency and the initial phase of the vibration waveform;
secondly, obtaining a blasting vibration speed time-course curve generated after the ith blast hole is detonated when all the bunched blast holes are detonated through a formula (1),
wherein, Vi(t) is the particle vibration speed at the moment t on the blasting vibration speed time course curve after the ith blast hole is detonated, and the unit is cm/s; qiIs the ithThe unit of the initiation explosive of the blast hole is kg; riIn order to protect the distance between the vibration monitoring point of the building and the center of the initiating explosive charge of the ith blast hole, the unit is kg and tiThe actual detonation time of the detonating primer of the ith blast hole is s,
because random delay errors exist among common millisecond delay detonators, all the bunched blast holes in the same section are actually short delay blasting, a superposed blasting vibration curve after all the bunched blast hole explosive charges are detonated is established through a formula (2),
wherein Σ v (t) is the particle vibration velocity at time t on the superimposed blasting vibration curve after all the beam-shaped blast hole explosive charges are detonated, the unit is cm/s, and n is the number of beam-shaped blast holes;
thirdly, according to different random delay error ranges of common millisecond delay detonators with different section positions, respectively solving a target superposition waveform function sigma V (t) when the different section position detonators are used as beam-shaped blast hole initiation detonators by a Monte Carlo method to obtain the probability of different peak speed reduction rates when each section position detonators are used as beam-shaped blast hole initiation detonators, and selecting 2-3 groups of detonator section positions with good vibration reduction effect and high reliability by combining the requirement of the safety standard of protecting the vibration speed of a building;
and fourthly, respectively carrying out field test blasting undermining effect analysis on the 2-3 groups of common millisecond delay detonator sections selected in the third step, and determining the common millisecond delay detonator sections with good final vibration reduction effect and undermining effect.
3. The method for slotted blasting by using the random delay error vibration reduction of the ordinary detonators as claimed in claim 1, wherein the blastholes in the slotted blasting area further comprise at least one circle of expanded blastholes positioned on the periphery of the bundled blastholes, the bundled blastholes are subjected to segmented delayed blasting from the outside to the expanded blastholes, and the expanded blastholes are detonated by adopting the same segment position every 3-4 holes.
4. The method according to claim 3, wherein the bundle-shaped blastholes are distributed in a circle around the center of the undercut blasting area, and the expanded blastholes are uniformly distributed on a circle track around the periphery of the bundle-shaped blastholes around the center of the undercut blasting area.
5. The method for bundle-type blast hole cut blasting by using random delay error vibration reduction of the ordinary detonators as claimed in claim 1, wherein the distance between the bundle-type blast holes and the diameter of the bundle-type blast holes are calculated by the following formula:
l ═ KD formula (4),
and L is the interval of the beam-shaped blast holes, K is an empirical coefficient, the value range determined by experience is K-3-9 according to lithology and explosive performance, and D is the diameter of the beam-shaped blast holes.
6. The bundle-shaped blast hole slitting blasting method using the random delay error vibration reduction of the common detonators as claimed in claim 1, wherein the charging structure of all blast holes is provided with a resisting line at the bottom of the hole, the inside of the blast holes are charged continuously in layers, the layers are separated by river sand, and the top of the blast holes are blocked by the river sand.
Priority Applications (1)
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Cited By (2)
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| CN113251880A (en) * | 2021-05-25 | 2021-08-13 | 鞍钢矿业爆破有限公司 | Inter-hole time-delay blasting control vibration reduction method based on seismic wave energy attenuation |
| CN114034218A (en) * | 2021-05-18 | 2022-02-11 | 矿冶科技集团有限公司 | Large-footage cut blasting method and structure for multilayer circular truncated cone blasting |
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| CN107843158A (en) * | 2017-11-03 | 2018-03-27 | 北京科技大学 | The construction method of the low vibration velocity exact requirements of Tunnel Blasting is realized with common on-electric detonator |
| CN107941104A (en) * | 2017-11-03 | 2018-04-20 | 北京科技大学 | Tunnel slotting explosive load design method based on porous short-delay blasting vibration composite calulation |
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| CN114034218A (en) * | 2021-05-18 | 2022-02-11 | 矿冶科技集团有限公司 | Large-footage cut blasting method and structure for multilayer circular truncated cone blasting |
| CN114034218B (en) * | 2021-05-18 | 2023-03-14 | 矿冶科技集团有限公司 | Large-footage cut blasting method and structure for multilayer circular truncated cone blasting |
| CN113251880A (en) * | 2021-05-25 | 2021-08-13 | 鞍钢矿业爆破有限公司 | Inter-hole time-delay blasting control vibration reduction method based on seismic wave energy attenuation |
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