CN110791756A - Blade clamping device for electromagnetic field composite laser additive repair - Google Patents

Blade clamping device for electromagnetic field composite laser additive repair Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110791756A
CN110791756A CN201911220984.3A CN201911220984A CN110791756A CN 110791756 A CN110791756 A CN 110791756A CN 201911220984 A CN201911220984 A CN 201911220984A CN 110791756 A CN110791756 A CN 110791756A
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blade
shaped
clamp
wedge
block
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CN201911220984.3A
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CN110791756B (en
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王梁
薛承感
姚建华
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Zhejiang University of Technology ZJUT
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Zhejiang University of Technology ZJUT
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23CCOATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C24/00Coating starting from inorganic powder
    • C23C24/08Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat
    • C23C24/10Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat with intermediate formation of a liquid phase in the layer
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33YADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y30/00Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)

Abstract

The blade clamping device for the electromagnetic field composite laser additive repair comprises a four-jaw chuck, a blade clamp, a blade and an electrode clamp, wherein the four-jaw chuck clamps an insulating flange part of the blade clamp, an insulating flange plate, a rear baffle plate and an I-shaped supporting plate on the blade clamp are sequentially connected from back to front, a fastening bolt for bearing a wedge-shaped movable block is installed in a long strip-shaped through groove of a bottom plate of the I-shaped supporting plate, and the fastening bolt is provided with a fastening nut for pressing the wedge-shaped movable block on a blade root; the wedge-shaped block is in a quadrangular frustum pyramid shape with a large upper part and a small lower part, and the front end inclined surface and the right end inclined surface of the wedge-shaped block are in contact with the corners of the blade root gap. The wedge-shaped movable block positions and clamps the blades at the gap of the fork-shaped blade root by utilizing the wedge-shaped movable block, so that the fork-shaped blade roots with different sizes can be clamped. The clamp can clamp the fork-shaped blade root of the turbine blade, the blade root part of the blade is tightly attached to the I-shaped supporting plate of the clamp, the contact area is increased, the contact resistance is reduced, and the heating is reduced.

Description

Blade clamping device for electromagnetic field composite laser additive repair
Technical Field
The invention relates to a blade clamping device for electromagnetic field composite laser additive repair.
Background
Steam turbines are used primarily as prime movers for power generation, and can also directly drive various pumps, fans, compressors, marine propellers, and the like. The turbine blade is the "heart" of the turbine, and is an extremely important part in the turbine. The blades are generally in severe environments such as high temperature, high pressure, high rotating speed or wet steam area, and are subjected to the combined action of centrifugal force, steam exciting force, corrosion and vibration and high-speed water droplet erosion in the wet steam area, so that the blades can fail under the action of factors such as cavitation erosion or fatigue. The manufacturing cost of the blade is high, and if the blade can be repaired and remanufactured after failure, a large amount of social resources can be saved. At present, the main repairing means comprise hard alloy surfacing, hard alloy embedding, surface chromium plating, electric spark strengthening treatment, surface oxidation, surface heat treatment, laser cladding and the like, and the laser cladding has the advantages of high precision, good performance and the like and is widely applied to blade repairing. However, the conventional laser cladding technology is easy to have the problems of cracks, air holes and the like. And the magnetic field and the electric field are adopted to assist the laser cladding process at the same time, so that the molten pool fluid movement, the internal particle distribution and the cladding defects in the laser remanufacturing process can be effectively regulated, the remarkable shape control effect is achieved, the defects of air holes, impurities, cracks and the like are effectively reduced, and the excellent performance is obtained.
An electric field application method and device for a blade, wherein the patent application number is 201910080958.9, is applied to Wang Liang, et al, Zhejiang industry university. The method comprises a four-jaw chuck, a blade and an electrode clamp, but the four-jaw chuck and the blade are all conductive in the process of applying an electromagnetic field, so that the whole workbench is in a dangerous state. In addition, the blade root of the turbine blade is complex in shape, the common four-jaw chuck cannot well clamp the blade, and the four-jaw chuck cannot be perfectly attached to the blade root, so that the contact resistance is increased, and the repair effect of the blade is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the technical problems and provides a blade clamping device for an electromagnetic field, which is matched with the device, and the applied electric field is coupled with the existing magnetic field to form Lorentz force so as to regulate and control the defects of molten pool fluid movement, internal particle distribution and cladding in the laser remanufacturing process, thereby playing a remarkable shape and property control effect, effectively reducing the defects of air holes, impurities, cracks and the like and obtaining excellent performance.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a blade clamping device for electromagnetic field composite laser additive repair comprises a four-jaw chuck 1, a blade clamp 2, a blade 3 and an electrode clamp 4; the method is characterized in that: the blade 3 is arranged along the axial direction, the axial direction refers to the central shaft direction of the four-jaw chuck 1, the tip end of the blade 3 is the front end, the root end is the back end, the left and right directions are determined by facing backwards, the two sides of the blade 3 are the up and down directions, the front end of the blade 3 is provided with an electrode clamp 4, and the back end of the blade 3 is clamped on the blade clamp 2; the copper sheet electrodes 202 at the electrode chuck 4 and the blade clamp 2 are respectively connected with the positive electrode and the negative electrode of a power supply to form a stable electric field;
the front part of the four-jaw chuck 1 is connected with an insulating flange 201 of a blade clamp 2, the insulating flange 201, a rear baffle 203 and an I-shaped supporting plate 204 on the blade clamp 2 are sequentially connected from back to front, the I-shaped supporting plate 204 comprises a bottom plate, a left vertical plate and a right vertical plate which are vertical to the bottom plate, the bottom plate is parallel to the blade 3, the direction parallel to the bottom plate on the cross section of the central axis is transverse,
the right vertical plate is provided with a copper sheet electrode 202, the front end of the left vertical plate is provided with a movable front stop block 206, an adjusting bolt 207 transversely penetrates through a threaded hole of the left vertical plate to abut against the movable front stop block 206, and the left vertical plate is also provided with a jacking spring 209; the hold-down spring 209 clamps the blade root to the fixed front stop 205 from the side; the front end of the right vertical plate is provided with a fixed front baffle 205, and the fixed front baffle 205 and the movable front baffle 206 block the forward movement of the blade root;
a transverse long strip-shaped through groove is formed in the bottom plate, a fastening bolt 212 for bearing the wedge-shaped movable block 210 penetrates through the long strip-shaped through groove from top to bottom, and the fastening bolt 212 is provided with a fastening nut 211 for pressing the wedge-shaped movable block 210 on the blade root;
the wedge-shaped movable block 210 comprises a fixing plate 2102 arranged transversely, a fastening bolt 212 penetrates through a flat long through groove in the middle of the fixing plate 2102, two sides of the fixing plate 2102 are respectively connected with a wedge block 2103, and the wedge block 2103 is in a rectangular frustum pyramid shape with a large upper part and a small lower part; the width of the wedge block 2103 is smaller than the gap of the fork-shaped blade root of the blade 3, and a front end inclined surface 2104 and a right end inclined surface 2105 of the wedge block 2103 are in contact with the corners of the gap of the blade root;
the lower surface of the bottom plate is provided with a guide sliding rail 215 along the strip-shaped through groove, the guide sliding rail 215 is provided with a guide block 216, and the fastening bolt 212 passes through a through hole of the guide block 216.
Further, a positioning bolt 214 is mounted on the guide block 216, and the positioning bolt 214 abuts against the guide rail 215.
Further, two baffle guide posts 208 penetrate through the unthreaded hole of the left vertical plate of the i-shaped supporting plate 204, and the movable front stop 206 is meshed with the two baffle guide posts 208 through threads.
Two pre-tightening guide posts 213 clamp the blade root under the action of two pre-tightening springs 209 through the unthreaded holes of the I-shaped supporting plate 204. The wedge-shaped movable block 210 clamps the forked blade root downwards under the action of the fastening nut 211 and the fastening stud 212 in a matching manner; the stud of the fastening stud 212 can relatively slide and pass through the long strip-shaped through groove on the wedge-shaped movable block 210; the guide block 216 can slide back and forth on the guide slide rail 215, and the positioning bolt 214 plays a role in fastening and positioning the guide block 216; the fastening stud 212 can be adjusted back and forth through the guide slide rail 215, the guide block 216 and the positioning bolt 214, and the wedge-shaped movable block 210 can also be adjusted back and forth through the long-strip-shaped through groove on the fixed plate 2102, so that the clamp can clamp fork-shaped blade roots with different sizes;
the front end inclined surface 2104 and the right end inclined surface 2105 of the wedge block 2103 are in contact with the corners of the blade root gap, and a gap is reserved between the wedge block 2103 and the blade root gap; in the process that the wedge-shaped movable block 210 clamps downwards, the fork-shaped blade root of the blade 4 moves downwards, forwards and rightwards; the fixed front stop block 205 and the movable front stop block 206 block the fork-shaped blade root of the blade 3 from moving forward, so that the front and back fastening effect is achieved, the wedge-shaped movable block 210 moves downward to achieve the up and down fastening effect, and the wedge-shaped movable block 210 moves rightward to the blade root and fastens the blade root left and right under the effect of the two pre-tightening guide posts 213 and the two pre-tightening springs 209.
The invention provides a blade clamping device for an electromagnetic field, aiming at the problems in the existing blade clamping and electric field application. The four-jaw chuck clamps the insulating flange part of the device, and the flange cylindrical structure can ensure the stability and reliability of the clamping of the four-jaw chuck. The anode of a power supply is clamped at the copper sheet electrode of the device, the cathode is clamped at the blade tip of the blade, and the insulating flange plate can block current from passing through the four-jaw chuck when the blade is connected with the current, so that the safety of the workbench is ensured. The blade clamp is designed aiming at the fork-shaped blade root which is ubiquitous in the field of steam turbines, the blade root part of the blade is tightly attached to the I-shaped supporting plate of the clamp, the contact area is increased, the contact resistance is reduced, and the heating is reduced. And the positioning and clamping of the blade are realized at the gap of the fork-shaped blade root by utilizing the wedge-shaped movable block under the action of the fastening nut and the fastening stud. The left side of the clamp is provided with a movable front baffle and a pre-tightening guide post for positioning and fastening, the fastening stud can be adjusted back and forth through a guide rail below the I-shaped supporting plate, and the wedge-shaped movable block can also be adjusted back and forth through a long strip-shaped through groove on the fixed plate, so that the clamp can clamp forked blade roots with different sizes.
The invention has the following advantages:
(1) the device adopts insulating ring flange and four-jaw chuck to carry out the contact, has guaranteed the safety and stability of workstation.
(2) The device is closely attached to the fork-shaped blade root of the blade, so that the contact area can be increased, the contact resistance is further reduced, and the heating is reduced. .
(3) The adjustability of the device allows for the clamping of turbine blades of different sizes with forked blade roots.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall assembly of the present invention
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a blade root fixture configuration of the present invention
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the wedge-shaped movable block of the present invention
In the above figures: 1-a four-jaw chuck; 2-a blade root clamp; 3-a blade; 4-an electrode holder; 201-insulating flange plate, 202-copper sheet electrode, 203-rear baffle plate, 204-I-shaped supporting plate, 205-fixed front baffle plate, 206-movable front baffle plate, 207-adjusting bolt, 208-baffle guide post, 209-pre-tightening spring, 210-wedge-shaped movable block, 211-fastening nut, 212-fastening stud, 213-pre-tightening guide post, 214-positioning bolt, 215-guide sliding rail and 216-guide block
Detailed description of the invention
The description is further described below in conjunction with the appended drawings.
The method for applying the electric field comprises the following steps:
(1) polishing, cleaning and drying the root part of the blade, cleaning and drying the blade tip, and polishing, cleaning and drying the contact part of the electrode clamp;
(2) clamping the blade 3 on a blade root clamp 2, and then clamping the blade root clamp on a four-jaw chuck 1;
(3) respectively clamping a power line connector lug and an electrode chuck 4 at a copper sheet electrode 202 and a blade tip of the blade clamp, and connecting the power line connector lug and the electrode chuck to the positive electrode and the negative electrode of a power supply;
(4) and turning on the power supply to perform processing work.
The invention comprises a blade clamping device for an electromagnetic field for implementing the electric field applying method, which comprises a four-jaw chuck 1, a blade root clamp 2, a blade 3 and an electrode clamp 4; the four-jaw chuck 1 clamps a blade root clamp 2; the blade root clamp 2 clamps the blade 3; the electrode clamp consists of an electrode clamp head 4 and a copper sheet electrode 202 at the blade root clamp 2, and the electrode clamp head 4 and the copper sheet electrode 202 at the blade root clamp 2 are respectively connected with the positive electrode and the negative electrode of a power supply to form a stable electric field; the copper sheet electrode 202 is fastened on the blade root clamp 2 through a stud 2021;
the blade root clamp 2 comprises an insulating flange plate 201, a copper sheet electrode 202, a rear baffle 203, an I-shaped supporting plate 204, a fixed front baffle 205, a movable front baffle 206, an adjusting bolt 207, a baffle guide column 208, a pre-tightening spring 209, a wedge-shaped movable block 210, a fastening nut 211, a fastening stud 212, a pre-tightening guide column 213, a positioning bolt 214, a guide sliding rail 215 and a guide block 216; the insulating flange 201 and the back baffle 203 are connected with each other through four bolts 2011; the back baffle 203 and the I-shaped supporting plate 204 are also connected with each other through four bolts 2031; the copper sheet electrode 202 is connected with the I-shaped supporting plate 204 through two bolts 2021; the fixed front stop block 205 is connected with the I-shaped supporting plate 204 through two bolts 2051; the two baffle guide posts 208 are connected with the movable front stop block 206 through the unthreaded holes of the I-shaped supporting plate 204, and the movable front stop block 206 is meshed with the two baffle guide posts 208 through threads; the adjusting bolt 207 penetrates through a threaded hole in the I-shaped supporting plate 204 to prop against the movable front stop block 206, and the movable front stop block 206 can move back and forth according to the left rotation and the right rotation of the adjusting bolt 207; two pre-tightening guide posts 213 clamp the blade root under the action of two pre-tightening springs 209 through the unthreaded holes of the I-shaped supporting plate 204. The wedge-shaped movable block 210 clamps the forked blade root downwards under the action of the fastening nut 211 and the fastening stud 212 in a matching manner; the stud of the fastening stud 212 can relatively slide and pass through the long strip-shaped through groove on the wedge-shaped movable block 210; the guide block 216 can slide back and forth on the guide slide rail 215, and the positioning bolt 214 plays a role in fastening and positioning the guide block 216; the fastening stud 212 can be adjusted back and forth through the guide slide rail 215, the guide block 216 and the positioning bolt 214, and the wedge-shaped movable block 210 can also be adjusted back and forth through the long-strip-shaped through groove on the fixed plate 2102, so that the clamp can clamp fork-shaped blade roots with different sizes;
the wedge-shaped movable block 210 is connected with two wedge-shaped blocks 2103 through two bolts 2101 by a fixed plate 2102; the two wedge-shaped blocks 2103 are symmetrically distributed; the width of the wedge block 2103 is smaller than the gap of the forked blade root of the blade 3, a front end inclined surface 2104 and a right end inclined surface 2105 of the wedge block 2103 are in contact with the corner of the gap of the blade root, and a gap is reserved between the wedge block 2103 and the gap of the blade root; in the process of clamping the wedge-shaped movable block 210 downwards, the fork-shaped blade root of the blade 4 is pressed downwards, forwards and rightwards; the fixed front stop block 205 and the movable front stop block 206 block the fork-shaped blade root of the blade 3 from moving forward, so that the front and back fastening effect is achieved, the wedge-shaped movable block 210 moves downward to achieve the up and down fastening effect, and the wedge-shaped movable block 210 moves rightward to the blade root and fastens the blade root left and right under the effect of the two pre-tightening guide posts 213 and the two pre-tightening springs 209.
According to the invention, the copper sheet electrode of the blade clamp is used for clamping the positive electrode of a power supply, the blade tip of the blade is used for clamping the negative electrode, and the insulating flange plate can block current from passing through the four-jaw chuck when the blade is connected with the current, so that the safety of the workbench is ensured. The blade clamp is designed aiming at the fork-shaped blade root which is ubiquitous in the field of steam turbines, the blade root part of the blade is tightly attached to the I-shaped supporting plate of the clamp, the contact area is increased, the contact resistance is reduced, and the heating is reduced. And the positioning and clamping of the blade are realized at the gap of the fork-shaped blade root by utilizing the wedge-shaped movable block under the action of the fastening nut and the fastening stud. The left side of the clamp is provided with a movable front baffle and a pre-tightening guide post for positioning and fastening, the fastening stud can be adjusted back and forth through a guide rail below the I-shaped supporting plate, and the wedge-shaped movable block can also be adjusted back and forth through a long strip-shaped through groove on the fixed plate, so that the clamp can clamp forked blade roots with different sizes.
The embodiments described in this specification are merely illustrative of implementations of the inventive concept and the scope of the present invention should not be considered limited to the specific forms set forth in the embodiments but rather by the equivalents thereof as may occur to those skilled in the art upon consideration of the present inventive concept.

Claims (3)

1. A blade clamping device for electromagnetic field composite laser additive repair comprises a four-jaw chuck (1), a blade clamp (2), a blade (3) and an electrode clamp (4); the method is characterized in that: the blade (3) is arranged along the axial direction, the axial direction refers to the central shaft direction of the four-jaw chuck (1), the tip end of the blade (3) is front, the root end of the blade is rear, the left and right directions are determined by facing backwards, the two sides of the blade (3) are in the up and down directions, the front end of the blade (3) is provided with an electrode clamp (4), and the rear end of the blade (3) is clamped on the blade clamp (2); copper sheet electrodes (202) at the positions of the electrode chuck (4) and the blade clamp (2) are respectively connected with the anode and the cathode of a power supply to form a stable electric field;
the front part of the four-jaw chuck (1) is connected with an insulating flange (201) of a blade clamp (2), the insulating flange (201), a rear baffle (203) and an I-shaped supporting plate (204) on the blade clamp (2) are sequentially connected from back to front, the I-shaped supporting plate (204) comprises a bottom plate, a left vertical plate and a right vertical plate which are vertical to the bottom plate, the bottom plate is parallel to the blades (3), the direction parallel to the bottom plate on the cross section of the central axis is transverse,
a copper sheet electrode (202) is arranged on the right vertical plate, a movable front stop block (206) is arranged at the front end of the left vertical plate, an adjusting bolt (207) transversely penetrates through a threaded hole of the left vertical plate to abut against the movable front stop block (206), and an abutting spring (209) is also arranged on the left vertical plate; the jacking spring (209) clamps the blade root on the fixed front baffle (205) from the side; a fixed front baffle (205) is arranged at the front end of the right vertical plate, and the fixed front baffle (205) and the movable front baffle (206) prevent the blade root from moving forwards;
a transverse long strip-shaped through groove is formed in the bottom plate, a fastening bolt (212) bearing the wedge-shaped movable block (210) penetrates through the long strip-shaped through groove from top to bottom, and a fastening nut (211) used for pressing the wedge-shaped movable block (210) on the blade root is arranged on the fastening bolt (212);
the wedge-shaped movable block (210) comprises a fixing plate (2102) which is transversely arranged, a fastening bolt (212) penetrates through a flat long through groove in the middle of the fixing plate (2102), two sides of the fixing plate (2102) are respectively connected with a wedge-shaped block (2103), and the wedge-shaped block (2103) is in a quadrangular frustum pyramid shape with a large upper part and a small lower part; the width of the wedge block (2103) is smaller than the gap of the fork-shaped blade root of the blade (3), and a front end inclined surface (2104) and a right end inclined surface (2105) of the wedge block (2103) are in contact with the corner of the gap of the blade root;
the lower surface of the bottom plate is provided with a guide sliding rail (215) along the strip-shaped through groove, the guide sliding rail (215) is provided with a guide block (216), and a fastening bolt (212) penetrates through a through hole of the guide block (216).
2. The blade clamping device for electromagnetic field composite laser additive repair of claim 1, wherein: and a positioning bolt (214) is arranged on the guide block (216), and the positioning bolt (214) tightly pushes the guide slide rail (215).
3. The blade clamping device for electromagnetic field composite laser additive repair of claim 1, wherein: two baffle guide posts (208) penetrate through the unthreaded hole of the left vertical plate of the I-shaped supporting plate (204), and the movable front stop block (206) is meshed with the two baffle guide posts (208) through threads.
CN201911220984.3A 2019-12-03 2019-12-03 Blade clamping device for electromagnetic field composite laser additive repairing Active CN110791756B (en)

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CN110791756B CN110791756B (en) 2024-03-26

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Cited By (1)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112605159A (en) * 2020-12-21 2021-04-06 贵阳航发精密铸造有限公司 Integrated electrode correcting unit in guider blade seal groove

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DE2332910A1 (en) * 1973-06-28 1975-01-23 Bergmann Borsig Veb Turbine blade electro-chemical machining - fhas transversely moving jaws to fit different sized workpiece containers
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CN109514297A (en) * 2018-11-22 2019-03-26 中国航发沈阳黎明航空发动机有限责任公司 A kind of blade machining process and clamping tooling
CN211311593U (en) * 2019-12-03 2020-08-21 浙江工业大学 Blade clamping device for electromagnetic field composite laser additive repair

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112605159A (en) * 2020-12-21 2021-04-06 贵阳航发精密铸造有限公司 Integrated electrode correcting unit in guider blade seal groove

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