CN110791756B - Blade clamping device for electromagnetic field composite laser additive repairing - Google Patents

Blade clamping device for electromagnetic field composite laser additive repairing Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110791756B
CN110791756B CN201911220984.3A CN201911220984A CN110791756B CN 110791756 B CN110791756 B CN 110791756B CN 201911220984 A CN201911220984 A CN 201911220984A CN 110791756 B CN110791756 B CN 110791756B
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blade
shaped
clamp
wedge
block
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CN110791756A (en
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王梁
薛承感
姚建华
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Zhejiang University of Technology ZJUT
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Zhejiang University of Technology ZJUT
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23CCOATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C24/00Coating starting from inorganic powder
    • C23C24/08Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat
    • C23C24/10Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat with intermediate formation of a liquid phase in the layer
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33YADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y30/00Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)

Abstract

The blade clamping device for electromagnetic field composite laser material increase repair comprises a four-jaw chuck, a blade clamp, a blade and an electrode clamp, wherein the four-jaw chuck clamps an insulating flange part of the blade clamp, the insulating flange, a rear baffle plate and an I-shaped supporting plate on the blade clamp are sequentially connected from back to front, a fastening bolt for bearing a wedge-shaped movable block is arranged in a strip-shaped through groove of a bottom plate of the I-shaped supporting plate, and the fastening bolt is provided with a fastening nut for pressing the wedge-shaped movable block on a blade root; the wedge-shaped block is in a quadrangular frustum pyramid shape with a large upper part and a small lower part, and the front inclined surface and the right inclined surface of the wedge-shaped block are contacted with corners of the blade root gap. The wedge-shaped movable block is used for positioning and clamping the blade at the gap of the fork-shaped blade root, so that the fork-shaped blade root with different sizes can be clamped. The clamping device can clamp the fork-shaped blade root of the turbine blade, the blade root part of the blade is tightly attached to the I-shaped supporting plate of the clamp, the contact area is increased, the contact resistance is reduced, and the heating is reduced.

Description

Blade clamping device for electromagnetic field composite laser additive repairing
Technical Field
The invention relates to a blade clamping device for electromagnetic field composite laser material increase repair.
Background
The steam turbine is mainly used as a prime mover for power generation, and can also directly drive various pumps, fans, compressors, ship propellers and the like. The turbine blades are the "heart" of the turbine and are extremely important parts in the turbine. The blade is generally in severe environments such as high temperature, high pressure, high rotation speed or wet steam area, and is subjected to the combined action of centrifugal force, steam excitation force, corrosion and vibration and high-speed water drop erosion in the wet steam area, so that the blade can fail under the action of factors such as cavitation or fatigue. The manufacturing cost of the blade is high, and a great amount of social resources can be saved if the blade is repaired and manufactured after failure. The main repairing means at present comprise hard alloy overlaying, hard alloy embedding, surface chromium plating, electric spark strengthening treatment, surface oxidation, surface heat treatment, laser cladding and the like, and the laser cladding has the advantages of high precision, good performance and the like and is widely applied to blade repairing. However, the conventional laser cladding technology is prone to problems such as cracks and air holes. The magnetic field and the electric field are adopted to assist the laser cladding process, so that the molten pool fluid movement, internal particle distribution and cladding defects in the laser remanufacturing process can be effectively regulated, a remarkable shape control effect is achieved, defects such as air holes, impurities and cracks are effectively reduced, and excellent performance is obtained.
An electric field application method and device for blades, which are reported by Zhejiang university of industry, wang Liang, et al, with the application number 201910080958.9. The method comprises a four-jaw chuck, a blade and an electrode clamp, wherein the four-jaw chuck and the blade are all conductive in the process of applying an electromagnetic field, so that the whole workbench is in a dangerous state. In addition, the blade root of the turbine blade is complex in shape, the common four-jaw chuck cannot well clamp the blade, and the four-jaw chuck and the blade root cannot be well attached to each other, so that the contact resistance is increased, and the repair effect of the blade is affected.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the technical problems, and provides the blade clamping device for the electromagnetic field, which is matched with the device, and the applied electric field and the existing magnetic field are coupled to form Lorentz force so as to regulate and control the movement of molten pool fluid, the distribution of internal particles and cladding defects in the laser remanufacturing process, thereby having obvious shape control effect, effectively reducing the defects of air holes, impurities, cracks and the like and obtaining excellent performance.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the blade clamping device for electromagnetic field composite laser additive repairing comprises a four-jaw chuck 1, a blade clamp 2, a blade 3 and an electrode clamp 4; the method is characterized in that: the blade 3 is axially arranged, the axial direction refers to the central axis direction of the four-jaw chuck 1, the blade tip end of the blade 3 is the front end, the blade root end is the rear end, the left and right directions are determined to the rear, the two sides of the blade 3 are the up and down directions, the front end of the blade 3 is provided with the electrode clamp 4, and the rear end of the blade 3 is clamped on the blade clamp 2; the copper sheet electrodes 202 at the electrode clamp 4 and the blade clamp 2 are respectively connected with the positive electrode and the negative electrode of a power supply to form a stable electric field;
the front part of the four-jaw chuck 1 is connected with an insulating flange 201 of the blade clamp 2, the insulating flange 201, a rear baffle 203 and an I-shaped supporting plate 204 on the blade clamp 2 are sequentially connected from back to front, the I-shaped supporting plate 204 comprises a bottom plate, a left vertical plate and a right vertical plate which are vertical to the bottom plate, the bottom plate is parallel to the blade 3, the direction parallel to the bottom plate on the cross section of the central axis is transverse,
the copper sheet electrode 202 is arranged on the right vertical plate, the movable front stop block 206 is arranged at the front end of the left vertical plate, the adjusting bolt 207 transversely passes through the threaded hole of the left vertical plate to prop against the movable front stop block 206, and the propping spring 209 is also arranged on the left vertical plate; the front end of the right vertical plate is provided with a fixed front baffle 205, and the fixed front baffle 205 and a movable front stop block 206 prevent the blade root from moving forwards;
the bottom plate is provided with a transverse strip-shaped through groove, a fastening bolt 212 for bearing the wedge-shaped movable block 210 is penetrated in the strip-shaped through groove from top to bottom, and the fastening bolt 212 is provided with a fastening nut 211 for pressing the wedge-shaped movable block 210 on the blade root;
the wedge-shaped movable block 210 comprises a transversely arranged fixed plate 2102, a fastening bolt 212 is penetrated in a prolate through groove in the middle of the fixed plate 2102, two sides of the fixed plate 2102 are respectively connected with a wedge-shaped block 2103, and the wedge-shaped block 2103 is in a quadrangular frustum pyramid shape with a large upper part and a small lower part; the width of the wedge-shaped block 2103 is smaller than the gap of the fork-shaped blade root of the blade 3, and the front inclined surface 2104 and the right inclined surface 2105 of the wedge-shaped block 2103 are in contact with the corners of the blade root gap;
the lower surface of the bottom plate is provided with a guide slide rail 215 along the long strip-shaped through groove, the guide slide rail 215 is provided with a guide block 216, and the fastening bolt 212 passes through a through hole of the guide block 216.
Further, a positioning bolt 214 is installed on the guide block 216, and the positioning bolt 214 abuts against the guide sliding rail 215.
Further, two baffle guide posts 208 are inserted through the light holes of the left vertical plate of the i-shaped pallet 204, and the movable front stop 206 is engaged with the two baffle guide posts 208 by threads.
The two pre-tightening guide posts 213 clamp the blade root through the light holes of the i-shaped support plate 204 under the action of the two pre-tightening springs 209. The wedge-shaped movable block 210 clamps the fork-shaped blade root downwards under the action of the cooperation of the fastening nut 211 and the fastening stud 212; the studs of the fastening stud 212 can relatively slide through the strip-shaped through grooves on the wedge-shaped movable block 210; the guide block 216 can slide back and forth on the guide slide rail 215, and the positioning bolt 214 plays a role in fastening and positioning the guide block 216; the fastening stud 212 can be adjusted back and forth through the guide slide rail 215, the guide block 216 and the positioning bolt 214, and the wedge-shaped movable block 210 can also be adjusted back and forth through the strip-shaped through groove on the fixed plate 2102, so that the clamp can clamp fork blade roots with different sizes;
the front inclined surface 2104 and the right inclined surface 2105 of the wedge-shaped block 2103 are in contact with corners of the blade root gap, and a gap is reserved between the wedge-shaped block 2103 and the blade root gap; in the process of downwards clamping the wedge-shaped movable block 210, the fork-shaped blade root of the blade 4 is downwards, forwards and rightwards moved; the fixed front stop block 205 and the movable front stop block 206 block the fork-shaped blade root of the blade 3 from moving forwards, so that the front and back fastening function is achieved, the wedge-shaped movable block 210 moves downwards, the wedge-shaped movable block 210 plays a role in fastening up and down, and the wedge-shaped movable block 210 plays a role in fastening the blade root left and right under the action of the two pre-tightening guide posts 213 and the two pre-tightening springs 209.
The invention provides a blade clamping device for an electromagnetic field, which aims at the problems existing in the existing blade clamping and electric field application. The insulating flange part of the device is clamped by the four-jaw chuck, and the stable reliability of the clamping of the four-jaw chuck can be ensured by the flange cylinder structure. The positive electrode of the power supply is clamped at the copper sheet electrode of the device, the negative electrode is clamped at the blade tip of the blade, and the insulating flange plate can block current from passing through the four-jaw chuck when the blade is connected with current, so that the safety of the workbench is ensured. The blade clamp is designed for the fork-shaped blade root commonly existing in the field of steam turbines, the blade root part of the blade is tightly attached to the I-shaped supporting plate of the clamp, the contact area is increased, the contact resistance is reduced, and the heating is reduced. And the wedge-shaped movable block is utilized at the gap of the fork-shaped blade root to realize the positioning and clamping of the blade under the action of the fastening nut and the fastening stud. The left side of the clamp is provided with a movable front baffle and a pre-tightening guide post for positioning and fastening, the fastening studs can be adjusted back and forth through guide rails below the I-shaped supporting plates, and the wedge-shaped movable blocks can also be adjusted back and forth through strip-shaped through grooves on the fixed plates, so that the clamp can clamp fork-shaped blade roots with different sizes.
The invention has the following advantages:
(1) The device adopts insulating ring flange and four-jaw chuck to contact, has guaranteed the security stability of workstation.
(2) The device is closely attached to the fork-shaped blade root of the blade, so that the contact area can be increased, the contact resistance is further reduced, and heating is reduced. .
(3) The adjustability of the device allows for clamping turbine blades of different sizes with fork-shaped blade roots.
Drawings
Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall assembly of the present invention.
Figure 2 is a schematic view of the blade root fixture of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a wedge-shaped movable block according to the present invention.
In the above figures: 1-four jaw chuck; 2-blade root clamp; 3-leaf blades; 4-electrode clamps; 201-insulating flange, 202-copper sheet electrode, 203-backplate, 204-I-shaped supporting plate, 205-fixed front stop, 206-movable front stop, 207-adjusting bolt, 208-baffle guide post, 209-pre-tightening spring, 210-wedge movable block, 211-fastening nut, 212-fastening stud, 213-pre-tightening guide post, 214-positioning bolt, 215-guide slide rail, 216-guide block.
Detailed Description
The present description is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The method for applying the electric field by using the invention comprises the following steps:
(1) Polishing, cleaning and drying the root of the blade, cleaning and drying the blade tip, and polishing, cleaning and drying the contact part of the electrode clamp;
(2) Clamping the blade 3 on the blade root clamp 2, and clamping the blade root clamp on the four-jaw chuck 1;
(3) Clamping the power line connector lug and the electrode chuck 4 at the copper sheet electrode 202 and the blade tip of the blade clamp respectively, and connecting the power line connector lug and the electrode chuck to the positive electrode and the negative electrode of a power supply;
(4) And (5) turning on a power supply to perform processing work.
The invention comprises a blade clamping device for electromagnetic field for implementing the electric field application method, which comprises a four-jaw chuck 1, a blade root clamp 2, a blade 3 and an electrode clamp 4; the four-jaw chuck 1 clamps the blade root clamp 2; the blade root clamp 2 clamps the blade 3; the electrode clamp consists of an electrode clamp 4 and a copper sheet electrode 202 at the blade root clamp 2, wherein the electrode clamp 4 and the copper sheet electrode 202 at the blade root clamp 2 are respectively connected with the positive electrode and the negative electrode of a power supply to form a stable electric field; the copper sheet electrode 202 is fastened on the blade root fixture 2 through a stud 2021;
the blade root clamp 2 comprises an insulating flange 201, a copper sheet electrode 202, a rear baffle 203, an I-shaped supporting plate 204, a fixed front stop 205, a movable front stop 206, an adjusting bolt 207, a baffle guide column 208, a pre-tightening spring 209, a wedge-shaped movable block 210, a fastening nut 211, a fastening stud 212, a pre-tightening guide column 213, a positioning bolt 214, a guide sliding rail 215 and a guide block 216; the insulating flange 201 and the rear baffle 203 are connected with each other by four bolts 2011; the tailgate 203 and the i-tray 204 are also interconnected by four bolts 2031; the copper sheet electrode 202 is connected with the I-shaped supporting plate 204 through two bolts 2021; the fixed positive stop 205 is interconnected with the i-plate 204 by two bolts 2051; the two baffle guide posts 208 are connected with the movable front stop block 206 through the light holes of the I-shaped supporting plate 204, and the movable front stop block 206 is engaged with the two baffle guide posts 208 through threads; the adjusting bolt 207 passes through a threaded hole on the I-shaped supporting plate 204 to prop against the movable front stop block 206, and the movable front stop block 206 can move back and forth according to the left rotation and the right rotation of the adjusting bolt 207; the two pre-tightening guide posts 213 clamp the blade root through the light holes of the i-shaped support plate 204 under the action of the two pre-tightening springs 209. The wedge-shaped movable block 210 clamps the fork-shaped blade root downwards under the action of the cooperation of the fastening nut 211 and the fastening stud 212; the studs of the fastening stud 212 can relatively slide through the strip-shaped through grooves on the wedge-shaped movable block 210; the guide block 216 can slide back and forth on the guide slide rail 215, and the positioning bolt 214 plays a role in fastening and positioning the guide block 216; the fastening stud 212 can be adjusted back and forth through the guide slide rail 215, the guide block 216 and the positioning bolt 214, and the wedge-shaped movable block 210 can also be adjusted back and forth through the strip-shaped through groove on the fixed plate 2102, so that the clamp can clamp fork blade roots with different sizes;
the wedge-shaped movable block 210 is connected with two wedge-shaped blocks 2103 through two bolts 2101 by a fixing plate 2102; the two wedge-shaped blocks 2103 are symmetrically distributed; the width of the wedge-shaped block 2103 is smaller than the gap of the fork-shaped blade root of the blade 3, the front inclined surface 2104 and the right inclined surface 2105 of the wedge-shaped block 2103 are in contact with corners of the blade root gap, and a gap is reserved between the wedge-shaped block 2103 and the blade root gap; in the process of downwards clamping the wedge-shaped movable block 210, downwards, forwards and rightwards extruding the fork-shaped blade root of the blade 4; the fixed front stop block 205 and the movable front stop block 206 block the fork-shaped blade root of the blade 3 from moving forwards, so that the front and back fastening function is achieved, the wedge-shaped movable block 210 moves downwards, the wedge-shaped movable block 210 plays a role in fastening up and down, and the wedge-shaped movable block 210 plays a role in fastening the blade root left and right under the action of the two pre-tightening guide posts 213 and the two pre-tightening springs 209.
According to the invention, the positive electrode of the power supply is clamped at the copper sheet electrode of the blade clamp, the negative electrode is clamped at the blade tip of the blade, and the insulating flange plate can block current from passing through the four-jaw chuck when the blade is connected with current, so that the safety of the workbench is ensured. The blade clamp is designed for the fork-shaped blade root commonly existing in the field of steam turbines, the blade root part of the blade is tightly attached to the I-shaped supporting plate of the clamp, the contact area is increased, the contact resistance is reduced, and the heating is reduced. And the wedge-shaped movable block is utilized at the gap of the fork-shaped blade root to realize the positioning and clamping of the blade under the action of the fastening nut and the fastening stud. The left side of the clamp is provided with a movable front baffle and a pre-tightening guide post for positioning and fastening, the fastening studs can be adjusted back and forth through guide rails below the I-shaped supporting plates, and the wedge-shaped movable blocks can also be adjusted back and forth through strip-shaped through grooves on the fixed plates, so that the clamp can clamp fork-shaped blade roots with different sizes.
The embodiments described in the present specification are merely examples of implementation forms of the inventive concept, and the scope of protection of the present invention should not be construed as being limited to the specific forms set forth in the embodiments, and the scope of protection of the present invention and equivalent technical means that can be conceived by those skilled in the art based on the inventive concept.

Claims (3)

1. The blade clamping device for electromagnetic field composite laser material increase repair comprises a four-jaw chuck (1), a blade clamp (2), a blade (3) and an electrode clamp (4); the method is characterized in that: the blade (3) is axially arranged, the axial direction refers to the central axis direction of the four-jaw chuck (1), the blade tip end of the blade (3) is the front end, the blade root end is the rear end, the left and right directions are determined to the rear, the two surfaces of the blade (3) are the upper and lower directions, the front end of the blade (3) is provided with an electrode clamp (4), and the rear end of the blade (3) is clamped on the blade clamp (2); the copper sheet electrodes (202) at the electrode clamp (4) and the blade clamp (2) are respectively connected with the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the power supply to form a stable electric field;
the front part of the four-jaw chuck (1) is connected with an insulating flange plate (201) of the blade clamp (2), the insulating flange plate (201), a rear baffle plate (203) and an I-shaped supporting plate (204) are sequentially connected from back to front, the I-shaped supporting plate (204) comprises a bottom plate, a left vertical plate and a right vertical plate which are vertical to the bottom plate, the bottom plate is parallel to the blade (3), the direction parallel to the bottom plate on the cross section of the central shaft is transverse,
the copper sheet electrode (202) is arranged on the right vertical plate, the movable front stop block (206) is arranged at the front end of the left vertical plate, the adjusting bolt (207) transversely penetrates through the threaded hole of the left vertical plate to prop against the movable front stop block (206), and the propping spring (209) is also arranged on the left vertical plate; the two pre-tightening guide posts (213) clamp the blade root under the action of the two jacking springs (209) through the unthreaded holes of the I-shaped supporting plate (204); the front end of the right vertical plate is provided with a fixed front baffle (205), and the fixed front baffle (205) and a movable front stop block (206) prevent the blade root from moving forwards;
the bottom plate is provided with a transverse strip-shaped through groove, a fastening bolt (212) for bearing the wedge-shaped movable block (210) is arranged in the strip-shaped through groove in a penetrating manner from top to bottom, and the fastening bolt (212) is provided with a fastening nut (211) for pressing the wedge-shaped movable block (210) on the blade root;
the wedge-shaped movable block (210) comprises a fixing plate (2102) which is transversely arranged, a fastening bolt (212) is penetrated in a prolate through groove in the middle of the fixing plate (2102), two sides of the fixing plate (2102) are respectively connected with a wedge-shaped block (2103), and the wedge-shaped block (2103) is in a quadrangular frustum shape with a big upper part and a small lower part; the front end inclined surface (2104) and the right end inclined surface (2105) of the wedge-shaped block (2103) are contacted with the corners of the blade root gap;
the lower surface of the bottom plate is provided with a guide slide rail (215) along the strip-shaped through groove, the guide slide rail (215) is provided with a guide block (216), and the fastening bolt (212) passes through a through hole of the guide block (216).
2. The blade holding device for electromagnetic field composite laser additive repair according to claim 1, wherein: the guide block (216) is provided with a positioning bolt (214), and the positioning bolt (214) is tightly propped against the guide sliding rail (215).
3. The blade holding device for electromagnetic field composite laser additive repair according to claim 1, wherein: the two baffle guide posts (208) are penetrated through the unthreaded holes of the left vertical plate of the I-shaped supporting plate (204), and the movable front stop block (206) is engaged with the two baffle guide posts (208) through threads.
CN201911220984.3A 2019-12-03 2019-12-03 Blade clamping device for electromagnetic field composite laser additive repairing Active CN110791756B (en)

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CN110791756B true CN110791756B (en) 2024-03-26

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112605159A (en) * 2020-12-21 2021-04-06 贵阳航发精密铸造有限公司 Integrated electrode correcting unit in guider blade seal groove

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GB732794A (en) * 1952-07-10 1955-06-29 Parsons & Marine Eng Turbine Improvements in or relating to blade fixing for turbines
DE2332910A1 (en) * 1973-06-28 1975-01-23 Bergmann Borsig Veb Turbine blade electro-chemical machining - fhas transversely moving jaws to fit different sized workpiece containers
CN205363102U (en) * 2015-12-31 2016-07-06 无锡透平叶片有限公司 A blade blade root location structure for turbine blade laser cladding
CN206153957U (en) * 2016-11-15 2017-05-10 哈尔滨哈汽叶片加工有限公司 Y -type blade root anchor clamps
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CN211311593U (en) * 2019-12-03 2020-08-21 浙江工业大学 Blade clamping device for electromagnetic field composite laser additive repair

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叉形叶根R刀片加工效率改进研究;陈博;曾祥录;文举;周良才;;机床与液压;20160728(14);全文 *

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