CN211760249U - Controllable electrochemical auxiliary force rheological ultraprecise polishing device of three-electrode system - Google Patents
Controllable electrochemical auxiliary force rheological ultraprecise polishing device of three-electrode system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A three-electrode system controllable electrochemical auxiliary force rheological ultra-precise polishing device for complex curved surface machining comprises a working electrode module, a counter electrode module, a reference electrode module, an electrochemical workstation, a force rheological polishing machine, a polishing liquid pool and force rheological polishing liquid, wherein the working electrode module is fixedly arranged on the force rheological polishing machine, and a polishing workpiece as a working electrode is in contact with the force rheological polishing liquid in the polishing liquid pool and is connected with the electrochemical workstation; the counter electrode module is fixedly arranged on the mechanical rheological polishing machine, and the counter electrode is contacted with the mechanical rheological polishing liquid and is connected with the electrochemical workstation; the reference electrode module is fixedly arranged on the mechanical rheological polishing machine, and the reference electrode is contacted with the mechanical rheological polishing solution and is connected with the electrochemical workstation. The utility model discloses an optimize the synergism of electrochemical reaction and power flow rheology mechanical force, realize the processing of the high surface integrality of complicated curved surface. Meanwhile, the mechanical rheological polishing solution is a water-based solution, has large specific heat capacity and can effectively inhibit the influence of heat.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the ultra-precision machining field relates to a towards the controllable electrochemistry auxiliary force rheology ultra-precision burnishing device of three electrode system of complicated curved surface processing, uses electrochemistry workstation and three electrode system to carry out accurate regulation and control to polishing workpiece surface electrochemical reaction process, and the flexible fixation grinding apparatus that forms with power rheology polishing solution cooperates, realizes green, high-quality, the high-efficient processing of complicated curved surface.
Background
Parts such as a high-performance rolling bearing, a high-surface integrity engine impeller, a high-precision metal reflector, an ultra-smooth sliding mold, a high-surface quality cutter and the like are the key for determining whether high-end equipment in the fields of rail transit, aerospace, national defense and military, mechanical manufacturing and the like can be safely and reliably used. Their core working part is mainly a complex surface, the accuracy and surface integrity of which directly determine the performance, quality and reliability of the product. Compared with the advanced level of the world, the equipment manufacturing industry in China still has a large gap, and one of the main reasons is that the precision and the surface integrity of the core working surface of the key component can not meet the performance requirements, and the product reliability is low. The background of the application and the ultra-precision machining requirement of the complex curved surface in the key part are briefly described as follows:
1) high performance rolling bearing. The bearing mainly comprises an inner ring, an outer ring, a retainer and a rolling body, wherein the roller paths of the inner ring and the outer ring and the retainer belong to groove surfaces, and the surface of the rolling body belongs to a spherical surface or an arc surface. With the development of science and technology, the requirements on the service of the bearing such as stability and reliability are higher and higher, and the common failure modes of the bearing comprise abrasion and plastic deformation, which are mainly caused by the reasons of high surface roughness of parts, low shape precision of a rolling body and the like. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a new ultra-precision machining technology with shape control and controllability to realize high-precision machining of a complex curved surface of a high-performance rolling bearing.
2) High surface integrity engine wheels. Aeroengine impellers and modern ship propulsion system impellers usually adopt a complex variable-curvature cross section design to maintain stable airflow, reduce airflow energy loss and improve working efficiency, such as flat plate blades, arc narrow blades, arc blades, flat plate curve backward blades and the like. In addition, with the development of science and technology, the requirement on the surface integrity of the impeller is higher and higher, and the problems of airflow disturbance, heat productivity increase, thrust reduction and the like can be caused by surface defects. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a new ultra-precision machining technology with shape and control performance to realize the high surface integrity machining of the complex curved surface of the engine impeller.
3) High accuracy metal reflector. The reflecting surface of modern high-precision metal reflector is usually an arc curved surface such as a paraboloid, a hyperboloid and the like so as to meet the requirement of focusing incident light at a specific angle or reflecting the incident light in parallel. The curved surface of the metal reflector is composed of arcs of various curvatures as required by different reflecting focal distances. Poor surface quality metal mirrors can produce defects such as astigmatism and poor beam shape. Therefore, in order to improve system reliability, more precise optical reflection traces and higher light reflectivity are needed, which also result in higher surface precision and surface finish processing requirements. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a new ultra-precision machining technology with shape control and controllability to realize high-precision machining of a complex curved surface of a metal reflector.
4) And (5) ultra-smooth die. In order to meet the use requirements, the ultra-smooth sliding mould cavity is often provided with complicated variable cross-section designs such as grooves, grooves and holes. The surface quality of the mold directly influences the service life and the working efficiency of the mold, and the pouring and demolding time of the ultra-smooth sliding mold is far shorter than that of a common mold. In addition, the surface smoothness of the mold also affects the aesthetic degree of the cast parts, and the mold with poor surface quality can cause defects such as burrs and barbs. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a new ultra-precision machining technology with shape and control properties to achieve ultra-smooth machining of complex curved surfaces of molds.
5) High surface quality and high efficiency. The cutting tools of modern machining centers often have very complicated cutting edges, such as spiral front cutters, step-shaped cutting tools, conical ball head cutting tools, cylindrical ball head cutting tools, combing tools and the like, and the complex curved surface cutting tools can complete multi-step procedures at one time, reduce the times of feeding and changing tools, improve the efficiency exponentially and reduce the probability of machining errors. In addition, the surface quality of the tool greatly affects the service life of the tool, and the surface quality of the machined workpiece is directly related to the surface quality of the tool. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a new ultra-precision machining technology with shape and control property to realize the high surface quality machining of the complex curved surface of the tool.
The ultra-precise polishing is the last process of the final processing of key parts of high-end equipment, the geometric precision and the shape error of the parts are directly determined, and the ultra-precise polishing result has a vital influence on the quality and the service life of a product. The technologies developed for complex curved surface processing at present mainly include magnetorheological polishing, airbag polishing, shear thickening polishing and the like, and the polishing technologies are briefly introduced as follows:
1) and (6) magnetorheological polishing. The magnetorheological polishing is one of magnetic field assisted polishing, is the fusion of an electromagnetic field and fluid dynamics, and polishes a workpiece by utilizing the rheological property of the magnetorheological fluid in the magnetic field. When the magnetorheological fluid on the polishing wheel is conveyed to the vicinity of a small gap formed between the workpiece and the polishing wheel, the magnetorheological fluid is condensed and hardened by the high-gradient magnetic field to become a viscoplastic medium. When the viscoplastic medium with higher movement speed passes through the narrow gap, a large shearing force is generated in the contact area of the surface of the workpiece, so that the surface material of the workpiece is removed. Currently, magnetorheological finishing exists where the following needs to be improved: a) magnetic metal cannot be processed; b) the magnetorheological ribbon is large, and a complex curved surface with tiny characteristics cannot be processed; c) magnetorheological polishing equipment and process fluids are expensive.
2) And (5) polishing the air bag. Bladder polishing is a flexible contact polishing. The air bag is made of stretch-resistant thin material, the air bag is filled with gas, and the pressure of the gas can be changed in real time along with the required removal amount of the polished curved surface so as to adapt to the processing surfaces with different surface types. The exterior of the bladder is covered with a polishing pad or sandpaper. In the processing process, the air bag performs rotary motion and swings with small amplitude, and a workpiece is clamped by multi-axis numerical control equipment or a robot and performs preset feeding motion along with the rotation of the air bag. The motion trajectory of the workpiece is the final desired surface profile curve, and the dwell time is usually derived by a gaussian algorithm. Therefore, the air bag polishing belongs to a deterministic ultra-precise polishing technology and can process complex curved surfaces. Currently, bladder polishing exists where the following needs to be improved: a) due to the size of the air bag polishing head, the air bag polishing head can only process a plane and a large-size gradual change curved surface, and interference can be generated on a workpiece with large curvature change; b) the polishing equipment and the consumables of the air bag are expensive and expensive, and the maintenance cost is high; c) instability of the air bag can occur in the processing process.
3) And (5) shearing, thickening and polishing. In the shearing thickening polishing process, a workpiece and the shearing thickening liquid move relatively, the contact part of the shearing thickening liquid and the workpiece is sheared to generate a shearing thickening phenomenon, the viscosity of the shearing thickening liquid in the contact area is increased, the intermolecular structure is changed to present a solid-like property, the holding effect of solid particles on abrasive particles is enhanced, a shearing layer is formed, and the abrasive material generates a micro-cutting effect on the micro-protrusions on the surface of the workpiece to remove the workpiece material so as to achieve the polishing effect. At present, the processing efficiency and surface integrity of shear thickening polishing need to be improved.
The applicant filed a team for utility model patent 1: the publication No. CN104191340A discloses a common two-electrode electrolytic mechanical polishing method, which uses a novel device to realize workpiece processing through the synergistic effect of electrolysis and shear thickening effect, but has the following inevitable defects: 1) and cannot be monitored on line. Compared with a three-electrode system, the two-electrode system has two loops of current and voltage, and only one loop is arranged in the two-electrode system, so that the electrochemical parameters such as surface potential, current and the like of a polished workpiece cannot be accurately monitored on line during processing; 2) material removal cannot be precisely controlled. Different from a three-electrode system, the two-electrode system cannot accurately regulate and control the electrolytic reaction process of the surface of the polished workpiece, so that the material removal cannot be accurately and controllably realized; 3) the resources are wasted. The voltage of the electrochemical workstation in the three-electrode system is applied between the workpiece to be polished and the reference electrode where no polarization occurs, and the required operating voltage is smaller. The voltage of the two-electrode system is applied between the cathode and the anode, and the cathode generates a part of voltage drop due to polarization reaction, so that the required working voltage is larger, resources are wasted, and the safety of equipment is low.
In conclusion, magnetorheological polishing cannot process magnetic metal and complex curved surfaces with tiny characteristics, air bag polishing equipment is complex and expensive in manufacturing cost, and the integrity and the processing efficiency of a shear thickening polishing surface need to be improved. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a new ultra-precision machining technique with shape control and precision control to achieve green, high-quality and high-efficiency polishing of complex curved surfaces.
Disclosure of Invention
The traditional ultraprecise machining technology for the complex curved surface is limited by a pure mechanical removal principle, the contact pressure needs to reach the plastic yield limit of a material during removal, the minimum removal thickness is limited, the surface integrity is difficult to further improve, and various forms of damage are inevitably generated under the action of thermal coupling. In order to solve the problem, the utility model provides a towards the controllable electrochemistry auxiliary force rheology ultra-precision polishing device of three electrode system of complicated curved surface processing, polishing work piece submergence adopts electrochemistry workstation and three electrode system to generate the even oxidation reaction membrane of one deck at polishing work piece surface in the power rheology polishing solution that contains the electrolyte. The high-speed relative motion between the force rheological polishing liquid and the polishing workpiece generates a force rheological effect, and the formed flexible fixed abrasive tool contacts an oxidation reaction film at the micro-convex peak of the surface of the polishing workpiece. The oxidation reaction film has smaller mechanical strength than a base material and low binding force with the base, so that the contact pressure during removal is far lower than the plastic yield limit of the base material, and the physicochemical property of the oxidation reaction film can be adjusted by adjusting and controlling the electrochemical reaction, so as to adjust and control the minimum removal thickness. And finally, realizing the high surface integrity processing of the complex curved surface by optimizing the synergistic action of the electrochemical reaction and the mechanical force of the mechanical force rheology. Meanwhile, the mechanical rheological polishing solution is a water-based solution, has large specific heat capacity and can effectively inhibit the influence of heat.
The utility model provides a technical scheme that its technical problem adopted is:
a three-electrode system controllable electrochemical auxiliary force rheological ultra-precise polishing device for complex curved surface machining comprises a working electrode module, a counter electrode module, a reference electrode module, an electrochemical workstation, a force rheological polishing machine, a polishing liquid pool and force rheological polishing liquid, wherein the working electrode module is fixedly arranged on the force rheological polishing machine, a polishing workpiece is used as a working electrode to be in contact with the force rheological polishing liquid in the polishing liquid pool and is connected with the electrochemical workstation through a lead; the counter electrode module is fixedly arranged on the mechanical rheological polishing machine, wherein the counter electrode is contacted with the mechanical rheological polishing liquid and is connected with the electrochemical workstation through a lead; the reference electrode module is fixedly arranged on the rheologic polishing machine, wherein the reference electrode is contacted with the rheologic polishing solution and is connected with the electrochemical workstation through a lead;
the working electrode module comprises an upper polishing workpiece clamp, a conductive sliding ring, a polishing workpiece, a lower polishing workpiece clamp and a lead. The upper part of the polishing workpiece clamp comprises a key groove and a lead, the upper part of the polishing workpiece clamp is fixedly connected with the output shaft of the motor through the key groove, and the conductive sliding ring is fixedly arranged on the upper part of the polishing workpiece clamp in an interference fit manner; the polishing workpiece is used as a working electrode and is fixedly arranged on the upper part of the polishing workpiece clamp through the lower part of the polishing workpiece clamp. The polishing workpiece is connected with the electrochemical workstation through a lead, a conductive slip ring and the lead, and a stable current path is provided for the polishing workpiece which rotates; the upper part and the lower part of the polishing workpiece clamp can be optimally designed according to different curved surface shapes and clamping requirements of polishing workpieces, and the applicability of the device is improved.
Further, the counter electrode module comprises a counter electrode module fixing clamp, a carbon brush, a counter electrode, a conducting wire, a conducting ring and a conducting wire, the counter electrode module fixing clamp is connected with a counter electrode module supporting rod on the rheo-polishing machine, the lifting of the counter electrode module and the adjustment of the contact angle of the carbon brush and the conducting ring are achieved by adjusting a fastening screw, the carbon brush clamp is connected with the counter electrode module fixing clamp in a threaded connection mode, the carbon brush is fixed with the carbon brush clamp through threads, the counter electrode is installed right above the polishing solution pool and is connected with an electrochemical workstation through the conducting wire, the conducting ring, the carbon brush and the conducting wire, and a stable current path is provided for the counter electrode in rotary motion. The counter electrode is made of chemically stable conductive materials, including but not limited to graphite, platinum, etc.
Still further, the reference electrode module comprises a reference electrode, a reference electrode protection cover and a lead, the reference electrode is fixedly arranged in a reference electrode fixing hole on the motor installation plate and is protected by the reference electrode protection cover, the reference electrode is connected with the electrochemical workstation through the lead to provide stable and reliable external voltage for the working electrode, and the types of the reference electrode include but are not limited to a hydrogen electrode, a calomel electrode, a mercury sulfate electrode, a mercury oxide electrode, a silver chloride electrode and the like.
Furthermore, the rheo-rheological polishing machine comprises a workpiece autorotation module supporting rod, a workpiece autorotation module, a polishing solution pool rotating platform and a counter electrode module supporting rod; the workpiece autorotation module comprises a workpiece autorotation module fixing clamp, a motor connecting plate, a motor mounting plate and a motor, the workpiece autorotation module fixing clamp is connected with a workpiece autorotation module supporting rod on the rheologic polishing machine, and the workpiece autorotation module is lifted by adjusting a fastening screw; the motor connecting plate is connected with the workpiece autorotation module fixing clamp through a bolt; the motor mounting plate is connected with the motor connecting plate through bolts, the angle of the motor mounting plate is changed and adjusted through the arc groove, the contact angle between the polishing workpiece and the force-flow-change polishing solution is further optimized and adjusted, and the motor is fixed with the electrode mounting plate through the bolts.
The polishing liquid pool is fixedly connected with a polishing liquid pool rotating platform on the rheologic polishing machine through a positioning pin, and the rheologic polishing liquid is added into the polishing liquid pool.
The force rheological polishing solution comprises a non-Newtonian fluid with force rheological effect, abrasive particles and electrolyte, and the non-Newtonian fluid with the force rheological effect comprises but is not limited to a silicon dioxide solution, a calcium carbonate solution, a polystyrene solution, a polymethyl methacrylate solution, a polyethylene glycol solution, a polyhydroxy polymer solution, a glycerol solution and the like. The abrasive particles include, but are not limited to, one or a combination of more than one of single crystal diamond, polycrystalline diamond, alumina, zirconia, titania, ceria, fumed silica, colloidal silica, and the like. The electrolyte promotes the electrochemical reaction between the interface of the electronic conductor and the ionic conductor, and the electrolyte comprises M as the main componentxNyWherein the cation M includes but is not limited to Fe3+、Ag+、Hg2+、Cu2+、Pb2+、Fe2+、Zn2+、H+、Al3+、Mg2+、Na+、Ca2+、K+One or a combination of more than one of (A), and the anion N includes but is not limited to S2-、I-、B-、Cl-、OH-And an oxygen-containing acid radical ion, or the like, or a combination containing more than one of them.
The electrochemical reaction typically occurs at the interface formed by the electron conductor and the ion conductor to avoid galvanic coupling of the polishing workpiece holder and the polishing workpiece, resulting in: 1) the electrochemical working state of the surface of the polished workpiece cannot be accurately regulated and controlled independently; 2) the load of the electrochemical workstation is increased, so that the electrochemical workstation is overloaded and damaged. Therefore, the upper part of the polishing workpiece clamp, the lower part of the polishing workpiece clamp, the polishing solution pool and the reference electrode are made of insulating materials with good mechanical properties, and the insulating materials comprise but are not limited to polytetrafluoroethylene, polyether ether ketone, polyphenylene sulfide, polyimide, polysulfone, polyformaldehyde resin and the like.
A reference electrode with stable potential is arranged near the working electrode, so that a stable potential reference is provided for a polishing workpiece in the polishing process, and no current flows in a measurement loop; the three-electrode system can eliminate the ohmic voltage drop generated by the polarization of the electrode and the internal resistance of the solution, so that the measured working electrode potential is more accurate.
The counter electrode and the working electrode form a series polarization loop in an electrochemical test, so that the current on the working electrode is smooth, and the electrochemical reaction is ensured to occur on the working electrode.
The open circuit potential of the working electrode was measured using a three electrode system and an electrochemical workstation to obtain the potential difference between the working electrode and the reference electrode when no load was present.
The three-electrode system is used for accurately measuring the potentiodynamic polarization curve of the polishing workpiece, mastering the voltage ranges of an activation region, a passivation region and an over-passivation region of the polishing workpiece under different electrochemical rheological polishing solutions, judging the corrosion rate of the polishing workpiece through the polarization curve, and determining reasonable polishing electrochemical parameters.
A three-electrode system is used, a reference electrode, a working electrode and a counter electrode are matched with each other, an impedance spectrum is output by an electrochemical workstation, the corrosion mechanism of a polished workpiece under different electrolyte types and concentrations is obtained from the impedance spectrum, and the formula of the rheologic polishing solution is optimized.
And an electrochemical workstation is used for accurately controlling the current or voltage on the working electrode in the polishing process by a constant potential timing current method or a constant current timing voltage method, so that the electrochemical corrosion rate of the polished workpiece is accurately controlled.
The electrochemical reaction can generate a layer of oxidation reaction film with smaller mechanical strength than that of the base material and lower bonding force with the base on the surface of the polishing workpiece, so as to promote the mechanical removal of the force rheology; on the other hand, the mechanical rheological polishing machine drives the mechanical rheological polishing liquid in the polishing liquid pool to rotate, the workpiece rotation module drives the polishing workpiece to rotate, the high-speed relative motion between the mechanical rheological polishing liquid and the polishing workpiece generates a mechanical rheological effect, and the formed flexible fixed grinding tool can directly perform micro-cutting on the oxidation reaction film at the micro-convex peak of the surface. Meanwhile, the mechanical force generated by the flexible fixed grinding tool can enhance the surface reaction activity of the fresh base material exposed after cutting, reduce the energy barrier of electrochemical reaction and promote the electrochemical reaction. And further, the ultra-precision machining of the complex curved surface of the polished workpiece is realized under the synergistic action of electrochemical reaction and mechanical force-rheological force.
The beneficial effects of the utility model are that:
1. controllable material removal: 1) the voltage and current of the working electrode are accurately monitored by using a three-electrode electrochemical system, the chemical corrosion rate of the polished workpiece is obtained, electrochemical parameters such as a polarization curve and an impedance spectrum are generated to infer the type and thickness of a surface oxidation reaction film, and the electrochemical reaction process is accurately regulated and controlled. 2) The voltage of the electrochemical workstation in the three-electrode system is applied between the polished workpiece and the reference electrode which does not generate polarization reaction, and the potential of the reference electrode is stable, so that the voltage of the polished workpiece relative to the reference electrode can be accurately controlled; the current through the polished workpiece can also be precisely controlled using the constant current function of the electrochemical workstation. Furthermore, the accurate control of the electrochemical reaction rate is realized, and the controllable removal of materials is realized.
2. Ultra-precision machining of a complex curved surface: 1) by utilizing an electrochemical processing means, a layer of oxidation reaction film with low mechanical strength and small binding force with a polishing workpiece substrate is generated on the surface which is difficult to process, and the force rheological property of the binding force rheological polishing solution ensures that the formed flexible fixed grinding tool can adapt to complex curved surfaces with different curvatures, and also ensures that enough mechanical force is provided to carry out micro-cutting on surface micro-convex peaks, remove the oxidation reaction film and realize the polishing of the complex curved surface workpiece. 2) The three-electrode system and the electrochemical workstation can accurately control the type and the generation rate of the electrochemical corrosion oxidation reaction film, and complete the high-efficiency cooperation of the generation rate of the force rheological oxidation reaction film and the mechanical removal rate of the force rheological effect, so that the complex curved surface workpiece with high surface quality and high precision is obtained.
3. Green and environment-friendly: 1) the electrochemical reaction is a chemical reaction which is generated in an electrochemical system and accompanied with charge transfer, and can partially or completely replace an oxidant to reduce pollution emission. 2) The mechanical rheological polishing solution uses polyhydroxy high polymer as base solution, has low cost and does not produce environmental pollution. 3) The voltage of the electrochemical workstation in the three-electrode system is applied between the workpiece to be polished and the reference electrode which is not polarized, so that the required working voltage is smaller, the energy consumption is saved, and the equipment safety is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the polishing process of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the view angle of the use state of the embodiment of the present invention (the electrochemical workstation and the mechanical rheological polisher do not belong to the present invention);
FIG. 3 is a top view of the embodiment of the present invention in use (the electrochemical workstation and the rheo-polishing machine are not part of the present invention);
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a working electrode module;
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a working electrode module;
FIG. 6 is a sectional view of a combined structure of a counter electrode module and a polishing solution tank;
FIG. 7 is a partial structural view of a counter electrode module;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a polishing solution tank;
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a reference electrode module (reference electrode is not part of the present invention);
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of a mechano-rheological polisher configuration;
fig. 11 is a schematic structural view of a workpiece rotation module.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1 to 11, a three-electrode system controllable electrochemical auxiliary force rheological ultra-precise polishing device for complex curved surface machining comprises a working electrode module 1, a counter electrode module 2, a reference electrode module 3, an electrochemical workstation 4, a force rheological polishing machine 5, a polishing solution pool 6 and a force rheological polishing solution 7, wherein the working electrode module is fixedly arranged on the force rheological polishing machine, and a polishing workpiece as a working electrode is in contact with the force rheological polishing solution in the polishing solution pool and is connected with the electrochemical workstation through a lead; the counter electrode module is fixedly arranged on the mechanical rheological polishing machine, wherein the counter electrode is contacted with the mechanical rheological polishing liquid and is connected with the electrochemical workstation through a lead; the reference electrode module is fixedly arranged on the mechanical rheological polishing machine, wherein the reference electrode is contacted with the mechanical rheological polishing liquid and is connected with the electrochemical workstation through a lead.
The scanning potential range of the electrochemical workstation 4 is +/-10V and can be expanded to +/-30V; the maximum output voltage is +/-30V; the maximum output current is +/-2A and can be expanded to 10A/20A. The current ranges are 1A, 100mA, 10mA, 1mA, 100uA, and 9 grades including 10uA, 1uA, 100nA and 10nA, and the current range is automatically selected and can be expanded to 100 pA.
Referring to fig. 4 and 5, the working electrode module 1 includes a bearing holder clamp upper portion 11, a conductive slip ring 12, a bearing holder 13, a bearing holder clamp lower portion 14, and a lead wire 15. The upper part 11 of the bearing retainer clamp comprises a key groove 11.1 and a lead 11.2. The upper part 11 of the bearing holder clamp is fixedly connected to the motor output shaft 533.1 on the pole 533 via a keyway 11.1. The conductive slip ring 12 is fixedly arranged on the upper part 11 of the bearing retainer clamp in an interference fit mode. The bearing holder 13 is used as a working electrode and is fixedly mounted on the upper part 11 of the bearing holder clamp through the lower part 14 of the bearing holder clamp. The bearing retainer 13 is connected with the electrochemical workstation 4 through the lead wires 11.2, the conductive slip ring 12 and the lead wires 15, and a stable current path is provided for the bearing retainer 13 which rotates. The upper part 11 and the lower part 14 of the bearing retainer clamp can be optimally designed according to different curved surface shapes and clamping requirements of the bearing retainer 13, so that the applicability of the device is improved. The upper part 11 of the bearing retainer clamp and the lower part 14 of the bearing retainer clamp are made of polyether-ether-ketone which is an insulating material with good mechanical property.
Referring to fig. 6 and 7, the counter electrode module 2 includes a counter electrode module fixing jig 21, a carbon brush jig 22, a carbon brush 23, a counter electrode (graphite 24), a conductive wire 25, a conductive ring 26, and a conductive wire 27. The counter electrode module fixing clamp 21 is connected with a counter electrode module supporting rod 52 on the rheo-rheological polishing machine 5, and the lifting of the counter electrode module 2 and the adjustment of the contact angle of the carbon brush 23 and the conducting ring 26 are realized by adjusting a fastening screw. The carbon brush holder 22 is connected to the counter electrode module fixing holder 21 by a bolt. The carbon brush 23 is fixed to the carbon brush holder 22 by a screw connection. The counter electrode (graphite 24) is arranged right above the polishing solution pool 6, is immersed in the rheological polishing solution 7, and is connected with the electrochemical workstation 4 through a lead 25, a conductive ring 26, a carbon brush 23 and a lead 27 to provide a stable current path for the counter electrode (graphite 24) in rotary motion.
Referring to fig. 8, reference electrode module 3 includes a reference electrode (silver chloride electrode 31), a reference electrode cover 32, and a lead 33. The reference electrode (silver chloride electrode 31) is fixedly arranged in a reference electrode fixing hole 532.1 on the motor mounting plate 532 and is protected by a reference electrode protective cover 32. The reference electrode protective cover is made of insulating material polytetrafluoroethylene with good mechanical property. The reference electrode (silver chloride electrode 31) is connected with the electrochemical workstation 4 through a lead 33, and provides stable and reliable external voltage for the working electrode.
Referring to fig. 9, the rheo-polishing machine 5 includes a workpiece rotation module support rod 51, a counter electrode module support rod 52, a workpiece rotation module 53, and a polishing liquid pool rotary table 54.
Referring to fig. 10, the workpiece rotation module 53 includes a workpiece rotation module fixing jig 534, a motor connecting plate 531, a motor mounting plate 532, and a motor 533. The workpiece rotation module fixing clamp 534 is connected with a workpiece rotation module supporting rod 51 on the rheo-polishing machine 5, and the workpiece rotation module 53 is lifted by adjusting a fastening screw. The motor connecting plate 531 is connected to a workpiece rotation module fixing jig 534 by bolts. The motor mounting plate 532 is connected with the motor connecting plate 531 through bolts, the angle of the motor mounting plate 532 is changed through the arc groove 533.1, the contact angle between the bearing retainer 13 and the rheological polishing liquid 7 is further optimized and adjusted, and the adjustable range of the contact angle is 0-90 degrees. The motor 533 is fixed with the electrode mounting plate 532 through bolts, and the rotating speed of the motor 533 is 0-1400 rpm.
Referring to fig. 11, the polishing liquid pool 6 is fixedly connected with the polishing liquid pool rotary platform 54 on the mechanical rheological polishing machine 5 through a positioning pin 6.1, the rotating speed is 0-250 rpm, and the polishing liquid isThe tank 6 is filled with a rheo-mechanical polishing liquid 7. The polishing solution pool is made of an insulating material polyether-ether-ketone with good mechanical property. The force rheological polishing solution 7 comprises a non-Newtonian fluid 7.1 with force rheological effect, abrasive particles 7.2 and electrolyte 7.3. The non-Newtonian fluid 7.1 with force rheological effect is polyhydroxy polymer solution, the abrasive particles 7.2 are single crystal diamond, and the electrolyte 7.3 mainly contains KNO3。
Further, a reference electrode (silver chloride electrode 31) with stable potential is arranged near the working electrode (bearing retainer 13), so that a stable potential reference is provided for the bearing retainer 13 in the polishing process, and no current flows in a measuring loop. The three-electrode system eliminates ohmic voltage drop generated by polarization of the electrode and internal resistance of the solution, and the measured potential of the working electrode (the bearing retainer 13) is more accurate.
Furthermore, the counter electrode (graphite 24) and the working electrode (bearing retainer 13) form a series polarization loop in an electrochemical test, so that the current on the working electrode is smooth, and the electrochemical reaction is ensured to only occur on the working electrode (bearing retainer 13).
Further, using the three-electrode system and the electrochemical workstation 4, the open circuit potential of the working electrode (bearing holder 13) was measured, and the potential difference between the working electrode (bearing holder 13) and the reference electrode (silver chloride electrode 31) was obtained when there was no load.
Furthermore, a three-electrode system is used, the voltage ranges of an activation region, a passivation region and an over-passivation region of the bearing retainer 13 under different force rheological polishing solutions 7 are controlled by accurately measuring a potentiodynamic polarization curve of the bearing retainer 13, the corrosion rate of the bearing retainer 13 is obtained through the polarization curve, and reasonable polishing electrochemical parameters are determined.
Further, a three-electrode system is used, a reference electrode (silver chloride electrode 31), a working electrode (bearing retainer 13) and a counter electrode (graphite 24) are matched with each other, an impedance spectrum is output by an electrochemical workstation, a corrosion mechanism of the bearing retainer 13 under different electrolyte types and concentrations is obtained from the impedance spectrum, and the formula of the force rheological polishing solution 7 is optimized.
Further, the electrochemical workstation 4 is used for accurately controlling the current or the voltage on the working electrode (the bearing retainer 13) in the polishing process by a constant potential timing current method or a constant current timing voltage method, so as to realize accurate control on the electrochemical corrosion rate of the bearing retainer 13.
Furthermore, on one hand, the electrochemical reaction can generate a layer of oxidation reaction film 13.1 with smaller mechanical strength than the base material and lower bonding force with the base on the surface 13 of the bearing retainer, so as to promote the mechanical removal of the mechanical force rheology; on the other hand, the mechanical rheological polishing machine 5 drives the mechanical rheological polishing liquid 7 in the polishing liquid pool 6 to rotate, the workpiece rotation module 53 drives the bearing retainer 13 to rotate, the high-speed relative motion between the mechanical rheological polishing liquid 7 and the bearing retainer 13 generates a mechanical rheological effect, and the formed flexible fixed grinding tool can directly perform micro-cutting on the oxidation reaction film 13.1 at the surface micro-convex peak. Meanwhile, the mechanical force generated by the flexible fixed grinding tool can enhance the surface reaction activity of the fresh base material exposed after cutting, reduce the energy barrier of electrochemical reaction and promote the electrochemical reaction. And further, the ultra-precision machining of the complex curved surface of the polished workpiece is realized under the synergistic action of electrochemical reaction and mechanical force-rheological force.
It will be appreciated by those of ordinary skill in the art that the embodiments described herein are intended to assist the reader in understanding the principles of the invention, and it is to be understood that the scope of the invention is not limited to such specific statements and embodiments. Those skilled in the art can make various other specific modifications and combinations based on the teachings of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the invention, and such modifications and combinations are still within the scope of the invention.
Claims (6)
1. A three-electrode system controllable electrochemical auxiliary force rheological ultra-precise polishing device is characterized by comprising a working electrode module, a counter electrode module, a reference electrode module, an electrochemical workstation, a force rheological polishing machine, a polishing solution pool and force rheological polishing solution; the working electrode module is fixedly arranged on the mechanical rheological polishing machine, and a polishing workpiece is used as a working electrode to be contacted with mechanical rheological polishing liquid in a polishing liquid pool and is connected with the electrochemical workstation through a lead; the counter electrode module is fixedly arranged on the mechanical rheological polishing machine, and the counter electrode is contacted with the mechanical rheological polishing liquid and is connected with the electrochemical workstation through a lead; the reference electrode module is fixedly arranged on the mechanical rheological polishing machine, and the reference electrode is contacted with the mechanical rheological polishing solution and is connected with the electrochemical workstation through a lead.
2. The three-electrode system controlled electrochemical auxiliary force rheology ultra-precision polishing device according to claim 1, wherein the working electrode module comprises a polishing work holder upper part, a conductive slip ring, a polishing work piece, a polishing work holder lower part and a lead; the upper part of the polishing workpiece clamp comprises a key groove and a lead, the upper part of the polishing workpiece clamp is fixedly connected with the output shaft of the motor through the key groove, and the conductive sliding ring is fixedly arranged on the upper part of the polishing workpiece clamp in an interference fit manner; the polishing workpiece is used as a working electrode and is fixedly arranged on the upper part of the polishing workpiece clamp through the lower part of the polishing workpiece clamp, and the polishing workpiece is connected with the electrochemical workstation through a lead, a conductive slip ring and the lead, so that a stable current path is provided for the polishing workpiece which rotates.
3. The controllable electrochemical auxiliary force rheological ultra-precise polishing device of claim 1, wherein the counter electrode module comprises a counter electrode module fixing clamp, a carbon brush, a counter electrode, a conducting wire, a conducting ring and a conducting wire, the counter electrode module fixing clamp is connected with a counter electrode module supporting rod on the force rheological polishing machine, the lifting of the counter electrode module and the adjustment of the contact angle of the carbon brush and the conducting ring are realized by adjusting a fastening screw, the carbon brush clamp is connected with the counter electrode module fixing clamp in a threaded connection mode, the carbon brush is fixed with the carbon brush clamp through threads, the counter electrode is installed right above the polishing solution tank and is connected with the electrochemical workstation through the conducting wire, the conducting ring, the carbon brush and the conducting wire, and a stable current path is provided for the counter electrode in rotary motion.
4. The controllable electrochemical auxiliary force rheology ultra-precision polishing device of claim 1, wherein the reference electrode module comprises a reference electrode, a reference electrode protection cover and a lead, the reference electrode is fixedly installed in a reference electrode fixing hole on the motor installation plate and is protected by the reference electrode protection cover, the reference electrode is connected with the electrochemical workstation through the lead to provide stable and reliable external voltage for the working electrode, and the type of the reference electrode comprises a hydrogen electrode, a calomel electrode, a mercury sulfate electrode, a mercury oxide electrode or a silver chloride electrode.
5. The three-electrode system controllable electrochemical auxiliary force rheology ultra-precision polishing device according to claim 1, wherein the force rheology polishing machine comprises a workpiece rotation module supporting rod, a workpiece rotation module, a polishing solution pool rotating platform and a counter electrode module supporting rod; the workpiece autorotation module comprises a workpiece autorotation module fixing clamp, a motor connecting plate, a motor mounting plate and a motor, the workpiece autorotation module fixing clamp is connected with a workpiece autorotation module supporting rod on the rheologic polishing machine, and the workpiece autorotation module is lifted by adjusting a fastening screw; the motor connecting plate is connected with the workpiece autorotation module fixing clamp through a bolt; the motor mounting plate is connected with the motor connecting plate through bolts, the angle of the motor mounting plate is changed and adjusted through the arc groove, the contact angle between the polishing workpiece and the force-flow-change polishing solution is further optimized and adjusted, and the motor is fixed with the electrode mounting plate through the bolts.
6. The controllable electrochemical auxiliary force rheology ultra-precision polishing device of the three-electrode system of claim 1 or 5, wherein the polishing liquid pool is fixedly connected with a polishing liquid pool rotating platform on the force rheology polishing machine through a positioning pin, and the force rheology polishing liquid is added into the polishing liquid pool.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110757257A (en) * | 2019-11-08 | 2020-02-07 | 浙江工业大学 | Three-electrode system controllable electrochemical auxiliary force rheological ultra-precise polishing device for complex curved surface machining |
| CN116559265A (en) * | 2023-07-05 | 2023-08-08 | 昆明理工大学 | Method and device for monitoring mechanochemical activation of metal powder in dynamic environment |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110757257A (en) * | 2019-11-08 | 2020-02-07 | 浙江工业大学 | Three-electrode system controllable electrochemical auxiliary force rheological ultra-precise polishing device for complex curved surface machining |
| CN110757257B (en) * | 2019-11-08 | 2024-05-07 | 浙江工业大学 | Three-electrode system controllable electrochemical auxiliary force rheological ultra-precise polishing device |
| CN116559265A (en) * | 2023-07-05 | 2023-08-08 | 昆明理工大学 | Method and device for monitoring mechanochemical activation of metal powder in dynamic environment |
| CN116559265B (en) * | 2023-07-05 | 2023-09-01 | 昆明理工大学 | Method and device for monitoring mechanochemical activation of metal powder in dynamic environment |
| US11959869B1 (en) | 2023-07-05 | 2024-04-16 | Kunming University Of Science And Technology | Method and device for monitoring the mechanochemical activation of metal powders in dynamic electrochemical environment |
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