CN110790110B - 一种可实时测量导轨不平度的电梯主动导靴 - Google Patents

一种可实时测量导轨不平度的电梯主动导靴 Download PDF

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CN110790110B
CN110790110B CN201911151689.7A CN201911151689A CN110790110B CN 110790110 B CN110790110 B CN 110790110B CN 201911151689 A CN201911151689 A CN 201911151689A CN 110790110 B CN110790110 B CN 110790110B
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guide
mounting hole
wheel
support
electromagnetic actuator
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CN110790110A (zh
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刘立新
贾体昌
王玉磊
张青
陈晨
王红
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Shandong Fuji Zhiyu Elevator Co ltd
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66BELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B7/00Other common features of elevators
    • B66B7/02Guideways; Guides
    • B66B7/04Riding means, e.g. Shoes, Rollers, between car and guiding means, e.g. rails, ropes
    • B66B7/041Riding means, e.g. Shoes, Rollers, between car and guiding means, e.g. rails, ropes including active attenuation system for shocks, vibrations
    • B66B7/042Riding means, e.g. Shoes, Rollers, between car and guiding means, e.g. rails, ropes including active attenuation system for shocks, vibrations with rollers, shoes
    • B66B7/043Riding means, e.g. Shoes, Rollers, between car and guiding means, e.g. rails, ropes including active attenuation system for shocks, vibrations with rollers, shoes using learning
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66BELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B7/00Other common features of elevators
    • B66B7/02Guideways; Guides
    • B66B7/04Riding means, e.g. Shoes, Rollers, between car and guiding means, e.g. rails, ropes
    • B66B7/041Riding means, e.g. Shoes, Rollers, between car and guiding means, e.g. rails, ropes including active attenuation system for shocks, vibrations
    • B66B7/044Riding means, e.g. Shoes, Rollers, between car and guiding means, e.g. rails, ropes including active attenuation system for shocks, vibrations with magnetic or electromagnetic means
    • B66B7/045Riding means, e.g. Shoes, Rollers, between car and guiding means, e.g. rails, ropes including active attenuation system for shocks, vibrations with magnetic or electromagnetic means using learning
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66BELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B7/00Other common features of elevators
    • B66B7/12Checking, lubricating, or cleaning means for ropes, cables or guides
    • B66B7/1207Checking means
    • B66B7/1246Checking means specially adapted for guides
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01BMEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B7/00Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques
    • G01B7/34Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques for measuring roughness or irregularity of surfaces

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  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Lift-Guide Devices, And Elevator Ropes And Cables (AREA)
  • Cage And Drive Apparatuses For Elevators (AREA)

Abstract

一种可实时测量导轨不平度的电梯主动导靴,属于机械导向装置领域,是由导轮、导轮与传感器支架、导轮安装孔、导靴支架、铰接孔A、铰接孔B、弹簧安装孔A、弹簧安装孔B、弹簧、差动电磁作动器安装孔A、差动电磁作动器安装孔B、压电接触式位移传感器、测量轮支架、测量轮、导靴底座和差动电磁作动器组成的;所述的导轮与压电接触式位移传感器安装在导轮与传感器支架上,所述的弹簧和差动式电磁作动器的两端分别安装在导轮与测量轮支架和导靴支架上,所述的导靴底座支架与导靴底座固接,所述的测量轮支架安装在压电接触式位移传感器的接触探头上,所述的测量轮安装在测量轮支架上;该发明可对导轨不平度实时测量及对轿厢即时主动减振。

Description

一种可实时测量导轨不平度的电梯主动导靴
技术领域
本发明涉及一种可实时测量导轨不平度的电梯主动导靴,具体地说是采用了特殊结构的传感器和特殊作动器的电梯导靴,安装上可以实时测量电梯导轨不平度并对电梯轿厢实现即时主动减振的电梯轿厢导向的机构,属于机械导向装置领域。
背景技术
电梯导靴是电梯导向系统的重要组成部分,最常见的高速电梯导靴是滚动导靴,滚动导靴上的三个导轮与T型导轨的三个导轨面贴合,T型导轨面的不平度会通过滚动导靴传递给电梯轿厢从而引起电梯运行过程中的轿厢振动。准确的测量电梯导轨的不平度和对电梯轿厢的主动减振对提升乘客乘坐电梯的舒适度具有重要意义。普通的导轨不平度测量仪器只能对导轨进行预测量,而且在普通的主动控制方法中需要预测量导轨激励数据提前对控制系统预设控制参数,上述测量方法和主动减振方法对于导轨长时间运行和其他外界因素产生的导轨平面微量塑性变形并不能实时测量和自适应改变控制策略进行控制,很难保证主动减振的即时性。
压电接触式位移传感器,其工作原理是将位移转化为压力,然后再通过压电效应将压力转化为电信号输出,而且压电式传感器拥有适应性较强、寿命较长的特点;差动式电磁作动器,运用两块E型电磁铁产生的差动电磁力对中心衔铁产生电磁吸力可以使衔铁向两个方向输出作动力,而且差动式电磁作动器具有无接触、无阻尼、响应快的优点;尽管压电接触式位移传感器和差动式电磁作动器常应用在各种接触式位移测量场合和主动隔振场合,但在电梯导靴中的应用较为少见。
发明内容
针对上述的不足,本发明提供了一种可实时测量导轨不平度的电梯主动导靴。
本发明是通过以下技术方案实现的:一种可实时测量导轨不平度的电梯主动导靴,是由导轮、导轮与传感器支架、导轮安装孔、导靴支架、铰接孔A、铰接孔B、弹簧安装孔A、弹簧安装孔B、弹簧、差动电磁作动器安装孔A、差动电磁作动器安装孔B、压电接触式位移传感器、测量轮支架、测量轮、导靴底座和差动电磁作动器组成的,其特征在于:所述的导轮与传感器支架上有压电接触式位移传感器安装槽、导轮安装孔、弹簧安装孔A、差动电磁作动器安装孔A及铰接孔A,压电接触式位移传感器安装槽位于导轮与传感器支架的顶端,弹簧安装孔A位于压电接触式位移传感器安装槽下方,导轮安装孔位于弹簧安装孔A下方,差动电磁作动器安装孔A位于导轮安装孔的下方,铰接孔A位于导轮与传感器支架上的底部,所述的导靴支架上有弹簧安装孔B、差动电磁作动器安装孔B及铰接孔B,弹簧安装孔B位于导靴支架的顶端,差动电磁作动器安装孔B位于弹簧安装孔B的下方,铰接孔B位于导靴支架的底部,所述的导轮通过导轮安装孔安装在导轮与传感器支架上,所述的弹簧和差动式电磁作动器的两端分别通过弹簧安装孔A、弹簧安装孔B、差动电磁作动器安装孔A和差动电磁作动器安装孔B安装在导轮与传感器支架和导靴支架上,所述的导靴支架与导靴底座固接,所述的导轮与传感器支架通过铰接孔A、铰接孔B与导靴支架铰接,所述的压电接触式位移传感器安装在压电接触式位移传感器安装槽上,所述的测量轮支架安装在压电接触式位移传感器的接触探头上,所述的测量轮安装在测量轮支架上。
所述的差动式电磁作动器由作动器支架、电磁铁A、电磁铁B、中心衔铁组成,电磁铁A、电磁铁B固接在作动器支架上,中心衔铁悬浮在电磁铁A、电磁铁B之间,通过电磁铁A、电磁铁B对中心衔铁产生的电磁吸力实现向两个方向输出作动力。
与现有技术相比,本发明提供了一种可实时测量导轨不平度的电梯主动导靴,具备以下有益效果:
(1)该发明的测量轮在导轨平面上运行时,导轨平面的微量位移通过测量轮与测量轮支架传递给压电接触式位移传感器对导轨平面的不平度进行测量记录。
(2)当外界因素或者电梯长时间运行使导轨不平度产生变化时,该发明可以实现对导轨平面不平度实时测量。并且可以通过测得的导轨不平度激励对轿厢振动进行主动控制。
(3)该发明测量轮和导轮共同贴合在导轨同侧平面且测量轮轮心与导轮轮心之间有20cm间距,在运行过程中由测量轮提前预知导轮前方的导轨不平度位移激励,然后通过学习算法自适应对电梯轿厢输出主动控制力实现主动减振的即时性,增强电梯轿厢主动控制效果,增加乘客乘坐电梯的舒适度。
附图说明
附图1为本发明的结构示意图,附图2为单侧导靴体结构示意图,附图3为差动式电磁作动器的原理图,附图4为导轮与传感器支架结构示意图,附图5为导靴支架结构示意图。
图中,1、导轮与传感器支架,101、压电接触式位移传感器安装槽,102、弹簧安装孔A,103、导轮安装孔,104、差动电磁作动器安装孔A,105、铰接孔A,2、压电接触式位移传感器,3、测量轮,4、测量轮支架,5、弹簧,6、导轮,7、差动式电磁作动器,701、中心衔铁,702、电磁铁A,703、电磁铁B,704、作动器支架,8、导靴支架,801、弹簧安装孔B、802、差动电磁作动器安装孔B,803、铰接孔B,9、导靴底座。
具体实施方式
一种可实时测量导轨不平度的电梯主动导靴,是由导轮6、导轮与传感器支架1、导轮安装孔103、导靴支架8、铰接孔A105、铰接孔B 803、弹簧安装孔A102、弹簧安装孔B801、弹簧5、差动电磁作动器安装孔A104、差动电磁作动器安装孔B 802、压电接触式位移传感器2、测量轮支架4、测量轮2、导靴底座9和差动电磁作动器组7成的,所述的导轮与传感器支架1上有压电接触式位移传感器安装槽101、导轮安装孔103、弹簧安装孔A102、差动电磁作动器安装孔A104及铰接孔A105,压电接触式位移传感器安装槽101位于导轮与传感器支架1的顶端,弹簧安装孔A102位于压电接触式位移传感器安装槽101下方,导轮安装孔103位于弹簧安装孔A102下方,差动电磁作动器安装孔A104位于导轮安装孔103的下方,铰接孔A105位于导轮与传感器支架1的底部,所述的导靴支架8上有弹簧安装孔B801、差动电磁作动器安装孔B802及铰接孔B803,弹簧安装孔B801位于导靴支架8的顶端,差动电磁作动器安装孔B802位于弹簧安装孔B801的下方,铰接孔B803位于导靴支架8的底部,所述的导轮6通过导论安装孔103安装在导轮与传感器支架1上,所述的弹簧5和差动式电磁作动器7的两端分别通过弹簧安装孔A102、弹簧安装孔B801、差动电磁作动器安装孔A104和差动电磁作动器安装孔B 802安装在导轮与传感器支架1和导靴支架8上,所述的导靴支架8与导靴底座9固接,所述的导轮与传感器支架1通过铰接孔A105、铰接孔B803与导靴支架8铰接,所述的压电接触式位移传感器2安装在压电接触式位移传感器安装槽101上,所述的测量轮支架4安装在压电接触式位移传感器2的接触探头上,测量轮3安装在测量轮支架4上。
所述的差动式电磁作动器由作动器支架704、电磁铁A702、电磁铁B703、中心衔铁701组成,电磁铁A702、电磁铁B703固接在作动器支架704上,中心衔铁701悬浮在电磁铁A702与电磁铁B703之间,通过电磁铁A702、电磁铁B703对中心衔铁产生的电磁吸力实现向两个方向输出作动力。
测量轮3在导轨平面上运行时,导轨平面的微量位移通过测量轮3与测量轮支架4传递给压电接触式位移传感器2通过压电效应转换为电信号对导轨平面的不平度进行测量记录,导轮6通过测量轮3提前预知前方的导轨不平度位移激励,控制算法通过前方激励提前计算出输出力,在导轮3运行到相应位置时,差动式电磁作动器输出相应输出力实现主动减振的即时性,增强电梯轿厢主动控制效果,增加乘客乘坐电梯的舒适度。
对于本领域的普通技术人员而言,根据本发明的教导,在不脱离本发明的原理与精神的情况下,对实施方式所进行的改变、修改、替换和变型仍落入本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (2)

1.一种可实时测量导轨不平度的电梯主动导靴,是由导轮、导轮与传感器支架、导轮安装孔、导靴支架、铰接孔A、铰接孔B、弹簧安装孔A、弹簧安装孔B、弹簧、差动电磁作动器安装孔A、差动电磁作动器安装孔B、压电接触式位移传感器、测量轮支架、测量轮、导靴底座和差动电磁作动器组成的,其特征在于:所述的导轮与传感器支架上有压电接触式位移传感器安装槽、导轮安装孔、弹簧安装孔A、差动电磁作动器安装孔A及铰接孔A,压电接触式位移传感器安装槽位于导轮与传感器支架的顶端,弹簧安装孔A位于压电接触式位移传感器安装槽下方,导轮安装孔位于弹簧安装孔A下方,差动电磁作动器安装孔A位于导轮安装孔的下方,铰接孔A位于导轮与传感器支架上的底部,所述的导靴支架上有弹簧安装孔B、差动电磁作动器安装孔B及铰接孔B,弹簧安装孔B位于导靴支架的顶端,差动电磁作动器安装孔B位于弹簧安装孔B的下方,铰接孔B位于导靴支架的底部,所述的导轮通过导轮安装孔安装在导轮与传感器支架上,所述的弹簧和差动式电磁作动器的两端分别通过弹簧安装孔A、弹簧安装孔B、差动电磁作动器安装孔A和差动电磁作动器安装孔B安装在导轮与传感器支架和导靴支架上,所述的导靴支架与导靴底座固接,所述的导轮与传感器支架通过铰接孔A、铰接孔B与导靴支架铰接,所述的压电接触式位移传感器安装在压电接触式位移传感器安装槽上,所述的测量轮支架安装在压电接触式位移传感器的接触探头上,所述的测量轮安装在测量轮支架上。
2.如权利要求1所述的一种可实时测量导轨不平度的电梯主动导靴,其特征在于:测量轮和导轮共同贴合在导轨同侧平面且测量轮轮心与导轮轮心之间有20cm间距。
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