CN110776926A - Soil water-retaining agent and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Soil water-retaining agent and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN110776926A CN110776926A CN201911175579.4A CN201911175579A CN110776926A CN 110776926 A CN110776926 A CN 110776926A CN 201911175579 A CN201911175579 A CN 201911175579A CN 110776926 A CN110776926 A CN 110776926A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K17/00—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
- C09K17/40—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing mixtures of inorganic and organic compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
- C05C5/00—Fertilisers containing other nitrates
- C05C5/04—Fertilisers containing other nitrates containing calcium nitrate
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2101/00—Agricultural use
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2107/00—Impermeabilisation
Abstract
The invention provides a soil water-retaining agent and a preparation method thereof, wherein the soil water-retaining agent comprises an organic water-retaining agent, sodium alginate, clay and turf, and the organic water-retaining agent comprises polyacrylamide and one or more than two selected from potassium polyacrylate, sodium polyacrylate, ammonium polyacrylate, starch-acrylic acid graft copolymer and cellulose-acrylic acid graft copolymer. The soil water-retaining agent has reasonable water absorption and water discharge rates and strong water-retaining effect, can flexibly adjust the soil humidity under the moist or drought condition, can loosen the soil, preserve the heat of the soil, simultaneously reduces the mutual inhibition among elements, improves the fertilizer utilization rate and the organic matter content in the soil, and improves the counter-balancing capacity of the soil to the external pressure.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of water-retaining agents, and particularly relates to a soil water-retaining agent and a preparation method thereof.
Background
In recent years, some researches and attempts have been made by experts and scholars on enhancing the fertilizer and water retention capacity of soil, and certain results have been achieved. The main component of the water-retaining agent is a functional polymer material with strong water absorption capacity, and the water-retaining agent contains a large amount of hydrophilic groups, so the water absorption capacity is high, the speed is high, the hydrogel formed after water absorption can slowly release water, the humidity of soil is effectively adjusted, and the water-retaining agent expands and contracts in the process of water absorption and water discharge, so that the soil becomes loose and breathable, and is not agglomerated or agglomerated, and the root of crops can absorb more oxygen and nutrients; in addition, the water-retaining agent added with the turf is strong in water-retaining capacity, improves the water content of soil, can block capillary water from moving upwards, and is a good organic fertilizer, so that the turf has the effects of fertilizer retention, water retention and organic matter content increase.
When the existing water retention modifying agent pursues extremely high water absorption times, the capability of the existing water retention modifying agent for maintaining soil fertility and releasing water is often ignored, so that the water and soil fertility in the water retention agent can not be well provided for crops; in order to realize multiple purposes of one fertilizer, multiple fertilizers are compounded, but various elements are easy to inhibit each other; the soil structure to which the amendment is added tends to be loose, so that the soil is less resistant to external effects, such as collapse under the action of pressure and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides the soil water-retaining agent which has reasonable water absorption and water discharge rates and strong water retaining effect, can flexibly adjust the soil humidity under the humid or drought condition, can loosen the soil, preserve the heat of the soil, simultaneously reduces the mutual inhibition among elements, and improves the fertilizer utilization rate and the organic matter content in the soil.
Specifically, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the soil water-retaining agent comprises an organic water-retaining agent, sodium alginate, clay and turf, wherein the organic water-retaining agent comprises polyacrylamide and one or more than two selected from potassium polyacrylate, sodium polyacrylate, ammonium polyacrylate, starch-acrylic acid graft copolymer and cellulose-acrylic acid graft copolymer.
Preferably, in the soil water-retaining agent, the organic water-retaining agent comprises polyacrylamide and potassium polyacrylate.
Preferably, in the soil water-retaining agent, the soil water-retaining agent further comprises an inorganic fertilizer, and preferably, the inorganic fertilizer is one or more selected from a calcium fertilizer, a potassium fertilizer, a magnesium fertilizer, an iron fertilizer, a manganese fertilizer and a phosphate fertilizer.
Preferably, in the soil water retaining agent, the soil water retaining agent comprises the following components: 20-65 parts of polyacrylamide, 5-25 parts of potassium polyacrylate, 8-38 parts of inorganic fertilizer, 0.5-10 parts of sodium alginate, 2-15 parts of clay and 2-15 parts of turf, preferably 35-55 parts of polyacrylamide, 13-18 parts of potassium polyacrylate, 15-25 parts of inorganic fertilizer, 3-7 parts of sodium alginate, 5-10 parts of clay and 5-10 parts of turf.
Preferably, in the soil water-retaining agent, the weight ratio of the turf, the inorganic fertilizer and the potassium polyacrylate is 1: (2-2.5): (1.5-2).
Preferably, in the soil water-retaining agent, the polyacrylamide is one or more selected from anionic polyacrylamide, cationic polyacrylamide, zwitterionic polyacrylamide and nonionic polyacrylamide, preferably anionic polyacrylamide, and more preferably, the anionic polyacrylamide has a weight average molecular weight of 900 to 1500 ten thousand.
Preferably, in the soil water retaining agent, the particle size of the clay is 0.1 to 2 μm, preferably 0.5 to 1.5 μm.
Preferably, in the soil water retention agent, the clay comprises modified clay, and the mass ratio of the modified clay to the unmodified clay in the clay is 0.5-0.7: 1.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the soil water-retaining agent, which comprises the following steps:
(1) uniformly mixing the organic water-retaining agent, the turf and the sodium alginate;
(2) crushing and screening the mixture obtained in the step (1) after extrusion to obtain granular substances with the particle size of 55-85 microns;
(3) and (3) uniformly mixing the granular substance with the particle size of 55-85 microns obtained in the step (2) with clay to obtain the soil water-retaining agent.
Preferably, in the above preparation method, the raw material of step (1) further comprises an inorganic fertilizer.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
the soil water-retaining agent provided by the invention has reasonable water absorption and water discharge rates and strong water-retaining effect, can improve the porosity of soil, blocks capillary water from moving upwards, and keeps the temperature of the soil; meanwhile, the fertilizer utilization rate is improved, the fertility and the organic matter content of the soil are guaranteed, and the counter-balancing capacity of the soil to the external pressure is improved.
Detailed Description
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a soil water-retaining agent which comprises an organic water-retaining agent, sodium alginate, clay and turf, wherein the organic water-retaining agent comprises polyacrylamide and one or more than two selected from potassium polyacrylate, sodium polyacrylate, ammonium polyacrylate, starch-acrylic acid graft copolymer and cellulose-acrylic acid graft copolymer.
The invention discovers that the polyacrylamide, sodium alginate, clay and turf are added into a soil water-retaining agent system, so that the soil structure can be improved, and the water absorption capacity of the water-retaining agent, the nutrients of the soil and the growth capacity of crops can be improved, probably because a large amount of polar groups are arranged on the surface of the anionic polyacrylamide, a large amount of water molecules can be absorbed, and physical cross-linking points can be formed between the anionic polyacrylamide and the sodium alginate; the sodium alginate and the clay can reduce the combination of metal cations and anion sites on the polyacrylamide, so that the metal cations can be better adsorbed on the surface layers of the soil and the clay, and the metal ions have diversity, so that the competition among anions in a system is reduced, and the phenomenon that part of organic molecules cannot be better adsorbed on the soil is avoided; the turf has numerous pores and strong water holding capacity, can be slowly released after irrigation so as to be required by crop growth, can well maintain water and fertilizer conditions required by crop growth, and promotes normal growth of crops.
In a preferred embodiment, the organic water retaining agent comprises polyacrylamide and potassium polyacrylate.
In a preferred embodiment, the soil water retention agent further comprises an inorganic fertilizer, preferably, the inorganic fertilizer is one or more selected from a calcium fertilizer, a potassium fertilizer, a magnesium fertilizer, an iron fertilizer, a manganese fertilizer and a phosphate fertilizer, more preferably, the inorganic fertilizer is a mixture of the calcium fertilizer, the magnesium fertilizer, the iron fertilizer and the manganese fertilizer, and most preferably, the weight ratio of the calcium fertilizer, the magnesium fertilizer, the iron fertilizer and the manganese fertilizer is (17-22): (37-42): (12-17): 1.
in a preferred embodiment, the calcium fertilizer is selected from one or more of quicklime, slaked lime, calcium sulfate and calcium nitrate, preferably calcium nitrate; the magnesium fertilizer is selected from one or more of magnesium sulfate, magnesium oxide, magnesium nitrate and magnesium carbonate, and is preferably magnesium sulfate; the iron fertilizer is selected from one or a mixture of ferrous sulfate, ferric oxide and ammonium ferrous sulfate, and is preferably ferrous sulfate; the manganese fertilizer is selected from one or more of manganese sulfate, manganese carbonate and manganese chloride, and is preferably manganese chloride.
In a preferred embodiment, the soil water retaining agent comprises the following components: 20-65 parts of polyacrylamide, 5-25 parts of potassium polyacrylate, 8-38 parts of inorganic fertilizer, 0.5-10 parts of sodium alginate, 2-15 parts of clay and 2-15 parts of turf, preferably 35-55 parts of polyacrylamide, 13-18 parts of potassium polyacrylate, 15-25 parts of inorganic fertilizer, 3-7 parts of sodium alginate, 5-10 parts of clay and 5-10 parts of turf.
In a preferred embodiment, the polyacrylamide is one or more selected from anionic polyacrylamide, cationic polyacrylamide, zwitterionic polyacrylamide and nonionic polyacrylamide, preferably anionic polyacrylamide, and more preferably, the anionic polyacrylamide has a weight average molecular weight of 900 to 1500 ten thousand.
In a preferred embodiment, the clay has a particle size of 0.1 to 2 μm, preferably 0.5 to 1.5 μm. The invention discovers that when the particle size of the clay is 0.5-1.5 mu m, the clay can be loosened, the pH of the soil can be improved, the utilization rate of the fertilizer can be improved, and the growth of crops can be promoted, wherein the clay in the particle size range can exist in the modifying agent and can also exist outside the modifying agent to form a uniformly distributed clay layer, so that the problem that the clay is mutually bonded to form blocks due to small particle size or is blown away under the action of slight wind because of too large repulsive force is avoided, and the utilization rate of the fertilizer is reduced; meanwhile, the problem that the clay has poor adsorption performance with a modifier system and soil due to the fact that the gravity effect of the clay is larger than the effect of the clay with metal ions due to too large particle size is avoided, and the soil porosity and the soil aggregation capability are reduced.
In a preferred embodiment, the clay comprises modified clay, and preferably, the mass ratio of the modified clay to the unmodified clay in the clay is 0.4-0.8: 1, and preferably 0.5-0.7: 1. The invention discovers that after the modified clay is added into the soil water-retaining agent, the loose degree of the soil is improved and the growth of crops is promoted, probably because of the ring structure on the surface of the modified clay, the degree of freedom of molecular motion is less, the deformation degree of a system is reduced, meanwhile, the adhesion among particles is reduced, the argillization of the modifying agent is reduced, and the probability of soil hardening is reduced; when the water absorption performance of the modifying agent is good, the modifying agent possibly competes with crops for water so as to hinder the growth of the crops, however, the ester group on the modified clay can weaken the acting force between the modifying agent and water molecules, so that the water absorption capacity and the water release capacity of the modifying agent to soil are balanced, and the competition of the modifying agent for water is reduced.
In a preferred embodiment, the process for preparing the modified clay comprises the steps of:
(1) placing clay, 1-carboxyl benzocyclobutene, water and a catalyst in an ice bath and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixture A;
(2) placing the mixture A in an oven with the pressure of-0.06 to-0.12 MPa and the temperature of 75 to 95 ℃ for drying for 5 to 13 hours to obtain a reactant B;
(3) and after the reactant B is cooled, crushing and screening to obtain particles with the particle size of 0.5-2.5 microns, namely the modified clay.
In a preferred embodiment, the weight ratio of the 1-carboxybenzocyclobutene to the clay in the step (1) is (0.6-1.2): 1.
in a preferred embodiment, the catalyst in step (1) is tetrabutylammonium bromide, and preferably, the molar ratio of the tetrabutylammonium bromide to the 1-carboxybenzocyclobutene is (0.004-0.008): 1; more preferably, the molar ratio of tetrabutylammonium bromide to 1-carboxybenzocyclobutene is 0.006: 1.
in a preferred embodiment, the invention also provides a preparation method of the soil water-retaining agent, which comprises the following steps:
a. adding polyacrylamide, potassium polyacrylate, turf, inorganic fertilizer and sodium alginate into a stirrer under the condition of drying at room temperature, and uniformly mixing to obtain a substance X;
b. crushing and screening the substance X after extrusion to obtain a granular substance with the particle size of 55-85 microns;
c. and c, adding the granular substance obtained in the step b and clay into a stirrer at a dry room temperature, and uniformly mixing to obtain the soil water-retaining agent.
In a preferred embodiment, the particle size of the particulate material obtained in step b is 70 μm.
The preparation method can improve the capability of the water-retaining agent for resisting the external action, probably because of the combined action of the water-retaining agent and the soil, the water-retaining agent and the soil structure collapse caused by low outer layer strength or internal stress defect is avoided, the phenomenon of crop growth limitation caused by the loss of water molecules is avoided, and simultaneously, the grass peat as the organic fertilizer not only plays the roles of water and fertilizer retention, but also improves the organic matter content of the soil.
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to specific examples, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto.
In the following examples, information on each reagent used is shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 information Table of reagents used in examples
Example 1
Embodiment 1 provides a soil water-retaining agent, which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 45 parts of polyacrylamide, 15 parts of potassium polyacrylate, 18.4 parts of inorganic fertilizer, 5 parts of sodium alginate, 7.5 parts of clay and 7.5 parts of turf.
The polyacrylamide is anionic polyacrylamide, and the weight average molecular weight is 1500 ten thousand.
The inorganic fertilizer is a mixture of calcium fertilizer, magnesium fertilizer, iron fertilizer and manganese fertilizer; the weight ratio of the calcium fertilizer to the magnesium fertilizer to the iron fertilizer to the manganese fertilizer is 20: 40: 14: 1; the calcium fertilizer is calcium nitrate, the magnesium fertilizer is magnesium sulfate, the iron fertilizer is ferrous sulfate, and the manganese fertilizer is manganese chloride.
The particle size of the clay is 1 μm.
The embodiment also provides a preparation method of the soil water-retaining agent, which comprises the following steps:
a. adding polyacrylamide, potassium polyacrylate, turf, inorganic fertilizer and sodium alginate into a stirrer under the condition of drying at room temperature, and uniformly mixing to obtain a substance X;
b. crushing and screening the substance X after extrusion to obtain a granular substance with the grain size of 70 microns;
c. and c, adding the granular substance obtained in the step b and clay into a stirrer at a dry room temperature, and uniformly mixing to obtain the soil water-retaining agent.
Example 2
Example 2 provides a soil water retention agent which differs from example 1 in that the clay contains a modified clay and wherein the weight ratio of modified clay to unmodified clay is 0.6: 1.
the preparation raw materials of the modified clay comprise 1-carboxyl benzocyclobutene and clay, and the preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) placing clay, 1-carboxyl benzocyclobutene, water and a catalyst in an ice bath and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixture A;
(2) placing the mixture A in an oven at 85 ℃ of-0.08 MPa for drying for 8 hours to obtain a reactant A;
(3) and cooling the reactant A, crushing and screening to obtain particles with the particle size of 1 mu m, namely the modified clay.
The weight ratio of the 1-carboxybenzocyclobutene to the clay in the step (1) is 0.8:1, the catalyst is tetrabutylammonium bromide, and the molar ratio of the tetrabutylammonium bromide to the 1-carboxybenzocyclobutene is 0.006: 1, the weight ratio of water to clay is 5: 1.
the embodiment also provides a preparation method of the soil water-retaining agent, and the steps are the same as those of the embodiment 1.
Example 3
Example 3 provides a soil water retaining agent which differs from example 1 in that the polyacrylamide is a cationic polyacrylamide.
The embodiment also provides a preparation method of the soil water-retaining agent, and the steps are the same as those of the embodiment 1.
Example 4
Example 4 provides a soil water retaining agent which differs from example 1 in that the polyacrylamide is a non-ionic polyacrylamide.
The embodiment also provides a preparation method of the soil water-retaining agent, and the steps are the same as those of the embodiment 1.
Example 5
Example 5 provides a soil water-retaining agent, which is different from example 1 in that the inorganic fertilizer is 9.2 parts by weight.
The embodiment also provides a preparation method of the soil water-retaining agent, and the steps are the same as those of the embodiment 1.
Example 6
Example 6 provides a soil water-retaining agent, which is different from example 1 in that the inorganic fertilizer is 36.8 parts by weight.
The embodiment also provides a preparation method of the soil water-retaining agent, and the steps are the same as those of the embodiment 1.
Example 7
Example 7 provides a soil water-retaining agent, which is different from example 1 in that the weight part of sodium alginate in the preparation raw material is 0.8 part.
The embodiment also provides a preparation method of the soil water-retaining agent, and the steps are the same as those of the embodiment 1.
Example 8
Example 8 provides a soil water-retaining agent, which is different from example 1 in that the weight part of sodium alginate in the preparation raw material is 10 parts.
The embodiment also provides a preparation method of the soil water-retaining agent, and the steps are the same as those of the embodiment 1.
Example 9
Example 9 provides a soil water-retaining agent which is different from example 1 in that the particle size of clay in the preparation raw material is 0.1 μm.
The embodiment also provides a preparation method of the soil water-retaining agent, and the steps are the same as those of the embodiment 1.
Example 10
Example 10 provides a soil water-retaining agent which differs from example 1 in that the particle size of the clay in the raw materials for preparation is 2 microns.
The embodiment also provides a preparation method of the soil water-retaining agent, and the steps are the same as those of the embodiment 1.
Example 11
Example 11 provides a soil water-retaining agent prepared from the same raw materials as in example 1.
The preparation method of the soil water-retaining agent comprises the following steps: adding polyacrylamide, potassium polyacrylate, inorganic fertilizer, sodium alginate, turf and clay into a stirrer under the condition of drying at room temperature, uniformly mixing, extruding into blocks, crushing and screening to obtain granular substances with the grain diameter of 70 microns, namely the soil water-retaining agent.
Example 12
Example 12 provides a soil water retention agent which differs from example 2 in that the weight ratio of modified clay to unmodified clay is 0.3: 1.
the embodiment also provides a preparation method of the soil water-retaining agent, and the steps are the same as those of the embodiment 1.
Example 13
Example 13 provides a soil water retention agent which differs from example 2 in that the weight ratio of modified clay to unmodified clay is 0.9: 1.
this example also provides the preparation method of the soil water-retaining agent, which has the same steps as example 1.
The soil water-retaining agents prepared in the above examples 1 to 13 were subjected to the following tests:
1. determination of soil porosity and germination
Soil in villages and towns in Beijing Haizhu district was used as culture soil, the soil water retaining agents prepared in examples 1 to 13 were added to 13 equal parts of culture soil with an area of 1 square meter and uniformly dispersed, and the amount of the soil water retaining agent was 1% by weight of the culture soil, and the culture soil to which the same inorganic fertilizer as in example 1 was added was used as a blank control, and the amount of the inorganic fertilizer added was the same as the amount of the inorganic fertilizer added to the culture soil of example 1. The method comprises the steps of mixing soil to plant the peaceful No. 11 wheat, planting 90 wheat seeds in each culture soil sample in 10 months, watering, and pressing a wood board with the weight of 10 kg and the area of 1 square meter on the surface of the soil for half an hour every 6 days so as to simulate the situation that the soil is stressed by external pressure under natural conditions, wherein other conditions are the same as the natural crop growth environment.
The soil porosity was measured by the ring cutter method two months after planting, and the results are shown in table 1, and the specific measurement method was as follows:
(1) and weighing the mass of a dry and clean cutting ring by a balance, recording the mass as m, measuring the height and the inner diameter of the cutting ring, and calculating the volume V of the cutting ring.
(2) And (4) vertically pressing the cutting ring into the soil of the blank control group by using the cutting ring support until the soil can be obviously seen from two holes on the cutting ring support, and taking out the cutting ring.
(3) Cutting off excessive soil to make the soil flush with the cutting edge of the cutting ring, wiping off the soil and impurities on the side wall of the cutting ring with dry paper, weighing, and recording as M
1。
(4) Placing the middle ring cutter in the step (3) into an electric heating constant-temperature oven at 105 ℃ for baking for more than 16h, taking out, cooling to room temperature in a dryer, weighing again, and recordingIs M
2。
Calculating the formula:
(1) specific weight of soil (M)
2-m)/V
(2) The porosity of the soil is (1-soil volume weight/soil specific gravity) multiplied by 100%
Note: the specific gravity of the soil is generally 2.65g/cm
3。
The germination rate of each sample was observed and recorded two months after planting, and the results are shown in table 1.
2. Determination of Water absorption Capacity
1g of each of the soil water-retaining agents prepared in examples 1 to 13 was weighed and placed in a 1000mL beaker and labeled, 1000mL of tap water was added to each beaker, and after standing for 24 hours, the remaining water was filtered out with a mesh screen, and the remaining gel mass, which is the water absorption factor (gel mass-dry gel mass)/dry gel mass, was weighed, and the dry gel mass in this experiment was 1g, and the measurement results are shown in table 2.
TABLE 2 determination of soil porosity, germination percentage and water absorption times
| Examples | Porosity of soil | Bud ratio | Multiple of water absorption |
| Blank control | 32.8％ | 6％ | - |
| Example 1 | 53.8％ | 95％ | 618 |
| Example 2 | 55.9％ | 97％ | 621 |
| Example 3 | 39.8％ | 65％ | 367 |
| Example 4 | 40.8％ | 68％ | 389 |
| Example 5 | 47.9％ | 62％ | 568 |
| Example 6 | 46.7％ | 69％ | 545 |
| Example 7 | 42.8％ | 66％ | 454 |
| Example 8 | 45.1％ | 72％ | 501 |
| Example 9 | 42.6％ | 62％ | 489 |
| Example 10 | 42.1％ | 63％ | 468 |
| Example 11 | 42.6％ | 68％ | 455 |
| Example 12 | 48.3％ | 65％ | 577 |
| Example 13 | 46.9％ | 62％ | 558 |
As shown by comparison of the measurement results of examples 1-13 and a blank control in the table 2, the soil water-retaining agent provided by the invention has a high water absorption multiple, does not affect the water absorption of crops, provides sufficient nutrition for root systems of the crops, ensures normal germination and growth of the crops, enables the elements to be absorbed cooperatively, improves the utilization rate of a fertilizer, and ensures the fertility of the soil so as to promote the growth of the crops; in addition, the invention can improve the soil structure, avoid soil caking and hardening, and the improved soil has certain bearing capacity, thereby improving the counter-balancing capacity of the soil to the external pressure.
Although the invention has been described in detail hereinabove by way of general description, specific embodiments and experiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that many modifications and improvements can be made thereto based on the invention. Accordingly, such modifications and improvements are intended to be within the scope of the invention as claimed.
Claims (10)
1. The soil water-retaining agent is characterized by comprising an organic water-retaining agent, sodium alginate, clay and turf, wherein the organic water-retaining agent comprises polyacrylamide and one or more than two selected from potassium polyacrylate, sodium polyacrylate, ammonium polyacrylate, starch-acrylic acid graft copolymer and cellulose-acrylic acid graft copolymer.
2. The soil water retaining agent of claim 1 wherein the organic water retaining agent comprises polyacrylamide and potassium polyacrylate.
3. The soil water-retaining agent according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the soil water-retaining agent further comprises an inorganic fertilizer, preferably, the inorganic fertilizer is one or more selected from calcium fertilizer, potassium fertilizer, magnesium fertilizer, iron fertilizer, manganese fertilizer and phosphate fertilizer.
4. The soil water retaining agent of claim 3, wherein the soil water retaining agent comprises the following components: 20-65 parts of polyacrylamide, 5-25 parts of potassium polyacrylate, 8-38 parts of inorganic fertilizer, 0.5-10 parts of sodium alginate, 2-15 parts of clay and 2-15 parts of turf, preferably 35-55 parts of polyacrylamide, 13-18 parts of potassium polyacrylate, 15-25 parts of inorganic fertilizer, 3-7 parts of sodium alginate, 5-10 parts of clay and 5-10 parts of turf.
5. The soil water-retaining agent according to claim 3, wherein the weight ratio of the turf, the inorganic fertilizer and the potassium polyacrylate is 1: (2-2.5): (1.5-2).
6. The soil water-retaining agent according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the polyacrylamide is one or more selected from anionic polyacrylamide, cationic polyacrylamide, zwitterionic polyacrylamide and nonionic polyacrylamide, preferably anionic polyacrylamide, and more preferably, the anionic polyacrylamide has a weight average molecular weight of 900 to 1500 ten thousand.
7. The soil water-retaining agent according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the particle size of the clay is 0.1 to 2 μm, preferably 0.5 to 1.5 μm.
8. The soil water-retaining agent according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the clay comprises modified clay, and preferably, the mass ratio of the modified clay to the unmodified clay in the clay is 0.5-0.7: 1.
9. The method for preparing the soil water-retaining agent of any one of claims 1 to 8, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) uniformly mixing the organic water-retaining agent, the turf and the sodium alginate;
(2) crushing and screening the mixture obtained in the step (1) after extrusion to obtain granular substances with the particle size of 55-85 microns;
(3) and (3) uniformly mixing the granular substance with the particle size of 55-85 microns obtained in the step (2) with clay to obtain the soil water-retaining agent.
10. The method according to claim 9, wherein the raw material of step (1) further comprises an inorganic fertilizer.
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| CN111492742A (en) * | 2020-04-22 | 2020-08-07 | 铜川市土壤生态技术创研中心 | Desertification control method of degradable integrated chemical fertilizer soil |
| CN112352496A (en) * | 2020-11-19 | 2021-02-12 | 中国农业科学院草原研究所 | Method for repairing grassland patch sand |
| CN115004996A (en) * | 2022-07-01 | 2022-09-06 | 西北农林科技大学 | Preparation method of water-based nutrient ball for preventing and treating pepper root rot |
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| CN112352496A (en) * | 2020-11-19 | 2021-02-12 | 中国农业科学院草原研究所 | Method for repairing grassland patch sand |
| CN115004996A (en) * | 2022-07-01 | 2022-09-06 | 西北农林科技大学 | Preparation method of water-based nutrient ball for preventing and treating pepper root rot |
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