CN110759782A - Special antitranspirant for vegetables and use method thereof - Google Patents
Special antitranspirant for vegetables and use method thereof Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN110759782A CN110759782A CN201911254800.5A CN201911254800A CN110759782A CN 110759782 A CN110759782 A CN 110759782A CN 201911254800 A CN201911254800 A CN 201911254800A CN 110759782 A CN110759782 A CN 110759782A
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- antitranspirant
- vegetable
- sulfate
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- fulvic acid
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
- C05C1/00—Ammonium nitrate fertilisers
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a vegetable special-purpose antitranspirant, which comprises the following components: fulvic acid, 2, 4 epibrassinolide and medium trace elements; the medium trace elements comprise calcium ammonium nitrate, chelated iron, sodium molybdate, manganese sulfate, zinc sulfate, copper sulfate and borax. The components can be mixed according to the above formula and sprayed on the surface of the vegetable leaf. According to the vegetable special transpiration resistant agent with the structure, the fulvic acid, the 2, 4-epi-brassinolide and the micro-fertilizer are mixed according to a certain proportion, so that the transpiration of plants is reduced, and the drought resistance, the stress resistance, the yield and the quality are improved; meanwhile, according to the nutrient requirements of crops, various micro-fertilizers are supplemented, nutrient substances are provided, the yield is promoted, and the production of high-quality vegetables is facilitated.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a vegetable planting technology, in particular to a special transpiration resistant agent for vegetables and a using method thereof.
Background
The agricultural production of China gradually changes from pursuit of yield to improvement of quality, and the mode of high yield is replaced by the mode of large investment of water and nutrients in the traditional planting, so that the waste of water and fertilizer resources is caused, the morbidity of crops is improved, the quality is greatly reduced, and the problems of environmental pollution and the like are caused. Deficit irrigation provides a drought adverse environment to improve fruit quality by properly controlling irrigation water, and becomes a research hotspot in recent years.
However, water content in plants is reduced due to deficit irrigation, leaves and plants are wilted by severe plants, and normal photosynthesis and CO are affected2The method is characterized in that the method comprises the following steps of assimilating, yield loss, reducing water loss in crops to the greatest extent, reducing adverse effects of water stress, improving quality due to deficit irrigation, and achieving the highest yield, wherein currently, drought-resistant chemical regulating and controlling substances are used for reducing plant transpiration rate, reducing water loss and controlling transpiration, so that the method becomes an important research direction for water-saving agriculture development, and multiple chemical drought-resistant substances capable of promoting crop root system water absorption and reducing transpiration strength are researched, wherein the poplar flood is divided into four categories according to chemical composition and biological activity, namely ① phytohormone or plant growth regulator, ② inorganic compound, ③ micromolecule organic matter and ④ organic macromolecule.
At present, the most applied agents mainly comprise an antitranspirant and a plant growth regulator, wherein the antitranspirant mainly comprises three types of metabolic type, film forming type and reflection type, the metabolic antitranspirant mainly influences the drought resistance of crops by influencing the activity of an enzyme activity system in a plant body, fulvic acid is the most widely applied metabolic antitranspirant, the drought resistance is improved by improving the osmotic potential of cell membranes, and good drought resistance and income increasing effects are achieved on the crops such as wheat, corn, potatoes, fruit trees and the like. The film-forming type transpiration inhibitor reduces transpiration, reduces water loss, delays crop wilting and improves drought resistance by forming a film on the surface of the leaves. The method is mainly applied to landscape nursery stocks and flower transplanting, inhibits the plants from rapidly losing water, improves the survival rate, and is suitable for short-time or accidental drought. The brassinolide compound is a sixth plant hormone which is internationally recognized as efficient, broad-spectrum and nontoxic, is an important regulating substance of plant reaction to stress, is called as 'stress relaxation hormone', improves the drought resistance of crops by inducing drought response genes, and can improve the content of drought-resistant substances in leaves by spraying on tomato seedlings. However, the anti-transpirant for the facility vegetables is developed less, and particularly, a special product for the middle and later growth periods is lack of irrigation, so that the quality can be ensured, the loss of yield is reduced, and the economic benefit is maximized. Reflective anti-transpirants reduce leaf transpiration by reflecting solar radiation energy, but are less practical because they do not selectively absorb and reflect solar radiation.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a vegetable special-purpose transpiration resistant agent, which reduces plant transpiration and improves drought resistance, stress resistance, yield and quality by mixing fulvic acid, 2, 4-epi brassinolide and a micro-fertilizer according to a certain proportion; meanwhile, according to the nutrient requirements of crops, various micro-fertilizers are supplemented, nutrient substances are provided, the yield is promoted, and the production of high-quality vegetables is facilitated.
In order to realize the purpose, the invention provides a vegetable special-purpose antitranspirant, which comprises the following components: fulvic acid, 2, 4 epibrassinolide and medium trace elements;
the medium trace elements comprise calcium ammonium nitrate, chelated iron, sodium molybdate, manganese sulfate, zinc sulfate, copper sulfate and borax.
Preferably, the weight ranges include: 500-700mg fulvic acid; 0.3-0.6mg 2, 4 epibrassinolide; 3000-4000mg of calcium ammonium nitrate; 800-; 1-2mg sodium molybdate; 2-3mg manganese sulfate; 0.5-1.5mg zinc sulfate; 1-2mg copper sulfate; 10-20mg borax.
Preferably, the composition comprises the following components in parts by weight: 500mg fulvic acid; 0.48mg of 2, 4 epibrassinolide; 3515mg of calcium ammonium nitrate; 842mg of chelated iron; 1mg of sodium molybdate; 2mg manganese sulfate; 0.7mg zinc sulfate; 1mg of copper sulfate; 10mg of borax.
Preferably, the fulvic acid is obtained by separating humic acid, and the humic acid is derived from coal.
The use method of the vegetable-based special antitranspirant comprises the following steps:
s1, mixing
Mixing fulvic acid, 2, 4-epibrassinolide, calcium ammonium nitrate, chelated iron, sodium molybdate, manganese sulfate, zinc sulfate, copper sulfate and borax according to the components, then putting the mixture into 1L of water, and stirring and dissolving to obtain an antitranspirant solution;
s2, spraying
And (4) spraying the antitranspirant prepared in the step S1 by using a pressure sprayer according to the dosage of 20L/mu.
Preferably, the spraying time in step S2 is 10 a.m.: before 00 or 16 pm: 00 thereafter.
Preferably, step S2 is sprayed 2-3 times during the growing season and at 15-day intervals.
The components of the invention have the following beneficial effects:
1) fulvic Acid (FA) has the characteristics of small molecular weight, easy plant absorption, large physiological activity, dense functional groups, water solubility, weak acidity of aqueous solution and the like, has the function of transpiration resistance, can promote root system development, improve chlorophyll content and the activity of certain important enzymes, and is a widely used plant growth regulator.
2)2, 4-Epibrassinolide (EBR) is widely distributed in plants, is an important regulating factor of the plants for adverse reaction, and has the main physiological effect of promoting the elongation and division of plant cells and improving the stress resistance of the plants; under the drought environment, the water content of crops is greatly reduced, stomata are closed, photosynthesis is weakened, and the crops die if serious, but by applying EBR externally under the environment, on one hand, the water potential of plant leaves can be improved, the water absorption capacity of the plants is enhanced, the transpiration capacity is reduced, the normal operation of various physiological metabolic reactions in cells is maintained, and further, the plants can be better adapted to the drought environment; on the other hand, the activity of antioxidant enzyme systems such as Peroxidase (POD) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in plants can be improved, active oxygen (ROS) in plants can be eliminated, the stability of cell membranes can be protected, and the drought damage to the plants can be reduced.
3) Although the amount of the medium trace elements is small, the medium trace elements have important significance and effect on the growth and development of crops, for example, boron is used as an essential nutrient element for plant growth, and has various physiological functions of cell wall and biomembrane structure function and stability, carbohydrate transportation and redistribution, pollen germination, pollen tube growth and the like. Zinc is an important trace element necessary for growth and development of animals and plants, and influences cell division and growth by participating in synthesis of protein and nucleic acid. Calcium is an essential nutrient element for maintaining normal growth and development of crops, more than 20 physiological diseases or physiological disorders are related to calcium deficiency, during calcium deficiency, the formation of calcium pectin in plant cell walls is hindered, cell walls cannot be formed, cell division is further influenced, the growth of root systems and stem tips is hindered, the cell walls can be further glutinous, the stem tips of the root tips and the growing organs including young leaf buds and fruit cells in the growth period are damaged, the absorption of moisture and nutrients by the plants is influenced, the dryness and the humidity of the soil are greatly related to the absorption of the calcium of the crops, and the calcium deficiency of the plants is serious due to over-drying of the soil.
The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail by the following examples.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described below, and it should be noted that the present embodiment is based on the technical solution, and a detailed implementation manner and a specific operation process are provided, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the present embodiment.
The structure of the invention comprises the following components: fulvic acid, 2, 4 Epibrassinolide (EBR) and medium trace elements;
the medium trace elements include calcium ammonium nitrate (5Ca (NO)3)2·NH4NO3·10H2O), iron chelate (ED-Fe-13), sodium molybdate (Na)2MoO4·2H2O), manganese sulfate (MnSO)4·H2O), zinc sulfate (ZnSO)4·7H2O), copper sulfate (CuSO)4·5H2O) and boronSand (Na)2B4O7·10H2O)。
Comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 500-700mg fulvic acid; 0.3-0.6mg 2, 4 epibrassinolide; 3000-4000mg of calcium ammonium nitrate; 800-; 1-2mg sodium molybdate; 2-3mg manganese sulfate; 0.5-1.5mg zinc sulfate; 1-2mg copper sulfate; 10-20mg borax.
Specifically, the composition comprises the following components in parts by weight: 500mg fulvic acid; 0.48mg of 2, 4 epibrassinolide; 3515mg of calcium ammonium nitrate; 842mg of chelated iron; 1mg of sodium molybdate; 2mg manganese sulfate; 0.7mg zinc sulfate; 1mg of copper sulfate; 10mg of borax.
Preferably, the fulvic acid is obtained by separating humic acid, and the humic acid is derived from coal.
The use method of the vegetable-based special antitranspirant comprises the following steps:
s1, mixing
Mixing fulvic acid, 2, 4-epibrassinolide, calcium ammonium nitrate, chelated iron, sodium molybdate, manganese sulfate, zinc sulfate, copper sulfate and borax according to the components, then putting the mixture into 1L of water, and stirring and dissolving to obtain an antitranspirant solution;
s2, spraying
And (4) spraying the antitranspirant prepared in the step S1 by using a pressure sprayer according to the dosage of 20L/mu.
Preferably, the spraying time in step S2 is 10 a.m.: before 00 or 16 pm: 00 thereafter.
Preferably, step S2 is sprayed 2-3 times during the growing season and at 15-day intervals.
Experiments prove that compared with a blank control obtained by spraying clear water on tomatoes, the transpiration resistant agent disclosed by the application has the advantages that the wilting index is reduced by 36.8%, the yield is improved by 18.5%, the sugar-acid ratio is improved by 10%, and a remarkable effect is achieved.
Therefore, the vegetable special transpiration resistant agent with the structure is adopted, and the fulvic acid, the 2, 4-epibrassinolide and the trace element fertilizer are mixed according to a certain proportion, so that the transpiration of plants is reduced, and the drought resistance, the stress resistance, the yield and the quality are improved; meanwhile, according to the nutrient requirements of crops, various micro-fertilizers are supplemented, nutrient substances are provided, the yield is promoted, and the production of high-quality vegetables is facilitated.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting the same, and although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: modifications and equivalents may be made to the invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (7)
1. An antitranspirant special for vegetables, which is characterized in that: comprises the following components: fulvic acid, 2, 4 epibrassinolide and medium trace elements;
the medium trace elements comprise calcium ammonium nitrate, chelated iron, sodium molybdate, manganese sulfate, zinc sulfate, copper sulfate and borax.
2. The vegetable-specific antitranspirant according to claim 1, wherein: comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 500-700mg fulvic acid; 0.3-0.6mg 2, 4 epibrassinolide; 3000-4000mg of calcium ammonium nitrate; 800-; 1-2mg sodium molybdate; 2-3mg manganese sulfate; 0.5-1.5mg zinc sulfate; 1-2mg copper sulfate; 10-20mg borax.
3. The vegetable-specific antitranspirant according to claim 2, wherein: comprises the following components in parts by weight: 500mg fulvic acid; 0.48mg of 2, 4 epibrassinolide; 3515mg of calcium ammonium nitrate; 842mg of chelated iron; 1mg of sodium molybdate; 2mg manganese sulfate; 0.7mg zinc sulfate; 1mg of copper sulfate; 10mg of borax.
4. The vegetable-specific antitranspirant according to claim 1, wherein: the fulvic acid is obtained by separating humic acid, and the humic acid is derived from coal.
5. A method for using the vegetable-specific antitranspirant according to any one of claims 1 to 4, which comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, mixing
Mixing fulvic acid, 2, 4-epibrassinolide, calcium ammonium nitrate, chelated iron, sodium molybdate, manganese sulfate, zinc sulfate, copper sulfate and borax according to the components, then putting the mixture into 1L of water, and stirring and dissolving to obtain an antitranspirant solution;
s2, spraying
And (4) spraying the antitranspirant prepared in the step S1 by using a pressure sprayer according to the dosage of 20L/mu.
6. The use method of the vegetable-specific antitranspirant according to claim 5, wherein the vegetable-specific antitranspirant is prepared by the following steps: the spraying time in step S2 is before 10:00 am or after 16:00 pm.
7. The use method of the vegetable-specific antitranspirant according to claim 5, wherein the vegetable-specific antitranspirant is prepared by the following steps: step S2 is sprayed 2-3 times during the growth period and every 15 days.
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Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN112106768A (en) * | 2020-10-16 | 2020-12-22 | 广西大学 | Method suitable for collecting and processing wild resource plants |
CN114766299A (en) * | 2022-05-07 | 2022-07-22 | 安徽省农业科学院园艺研究所 | Method for reducing cavity fruits of tomatoes |
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Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN112106768A (en) * | 2020-10-16 | 2020-12-22 | 广西大学 | Method suitable for collecting and processing wild resource plants |
CN114766299A (en) * | 2022-05-07 | 2022-07-22 | 安徽省农业科学院园艺研究所 | Method for reducing cavity fruits of tomatoes |
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