CN110759619A - System and method for preparing high value-added product by catalytic pyrolysis of municipal sludge - Google Patents
System and method for preparing high value-added product by catalytic pyrolysis of municipal sludge Download PDFInfo
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- CN110759619A CN110759619A CN201910894673.9A CN201910894673A CN110759619A CN 110759619 A CN110759619 A CN 110759619A CN 201910894673 A CN201910894673 A CN 201910894673A CN 110759619 A CN110759619 A CN 110759619A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/10—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by pyrolysis
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B53/00—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B57/00—Other carbonising or coking processes; Features of destructive distillation processes in general
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/40—Valorisation of by-products of wastewater, sewage or sludge processing
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- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a system and a method for preparing high value-added products by high-efficiency catalytic pyrolysis of municipal sludge, wherein the high-efficiency catalytic pyrolysis system of the municipal sludge comprises a pyrolysis furnace, a condensing device, a pyrolysis oil collecting box, a tail gas purifying device, a pyrolysis gas collecting box and the like; the method comprises the steps of respectively and uniformly mixing the sludge raw material with the water content of about 50% with calcium hydroxide, calcium carbonate, zinc chloride, calcium chloride and other catalysts, and placing the mixture in a pyrolysis system to obtain a high-additional pyrolysis product. The method can meet the requirements of different products, provides corresponding optimal process parameters, can obtain pyrolysis gas as high-quality fuel gas for power generation and network surfing, and can also obtain pyrolysis oil as high-quality fuel oil or high-additional chemical raw materials. The method realizes the reduction and harmlessness of the garbage, realizes the reclamation and the energy regeneration, provides optimal process parameters for different product requirements, and has very good application prospect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of solid waste recycling treatment, and particularly relates to a system and a method for preparing a high value-added product by municipal sludge catalytic pyrolysis.
Background
With the rapid advancement of urbanization in China, the living standard of people is greatly improved, and the municipal sludge yield is increased more and more. According to statistics, municipal sludge (with the water content of 80%) generated in 2015 years in China reaches 3500 ten thousand tons, currently exceeds 4000 ten thousand tons, and 6000 to 9000 thousand tons of municipal sludge are generated in every year in China as expected in 2020, so that the effective treatment and disposal of the sludge are not slow at all. How to kill virus microorganisms in the sludge, reduce the volume of the sludge and realize the recycling and harmlessness of the sludge becomes a key for solving the problem of the sludge.
At present, the treatment and disposal of sludge in China mainly take sanitary landfill, composting and incineration as main parts, and the technologies can not realize 'reclamation and harmlessness'. The sludge pyrolysis technology is that the dewatered and dried sludge is heated to a certain temperature in an oxygen-free environment, organic matter macromolecules in the sludge are decomposed into micromolecular substances under the action of thermal decomposition and pyrolysis, and 3 high value-added products of pyrolysis oil, pyrolysis gas and pyrolysis residue (coke) are generated. However, the quality of the product obtained by sludge pyrolysis is not good, so that the application range and the application field of the product are limited, and how to improve the quality of the pyrolysis three-phase product becomes a key for large-scale use of the pyrolysis three-phase product and wide popularization of the pyrolysis technology.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the invention provides a system for preparing high value-added products by catalytic pyrolysis of municipal sludge, comprising:
the pyrolysis furnace is internally provided with a quartz tube; the first end of the quartz tube is provided with a nitrogen inlet, and the second end of the quartz tube is a pyrolysis product outlet; and a porcelain boat is placed in the quartz tube.
The condensing device is provided with a pyrolysis product inlet, a pyrolysis gas outlet and a pyrolysis oil outlet; the pyrolysis product inlet is communicated with the second end of the quartz tube;
the pyrolysis oil collection box is provided with a pyrolysis oil inlet which is communicated with the pyrolysis oil outlet;
the tail gas purification device is provided with a tail gas inlet and a tail gas outlet, and the tail gas inlet is communicated with the pyrolysis gas outlet;
the pyrolysis gas collecting box is provided with a purified pyrolysis gas inlet which is communicated with the tail gas outlet.
Furthermore, the condensing device is a dividing wall water cooling device, a condensed water inlet is arranged below the condensing device, and a condensed water outlet is arranged above the condensing device.
Further, the condensation device is provided with a pyrolysis product condensation pipe, and the condensation pipe is continuously arranged in a U shape; and the lower end of the condensing pipe is provided with the pyrolysis oil outlet.
Further, the nitrogen inlet is connected with a nitrogen bottle through an air duct, and a pressure reducing valve is arranged on the air duct.
The invention also provides a method for preparing high value-added products by catalytic pyrolysis of municipal sludge in the system, which comprises the following steps:
s1: uniformly mixing a sludge raw material and a catalyst, placing the mixture in a quartz tube in a pyrolysis furnace, and pyrolyzing the mixture under the protection of nitrogen to obtain a pyrolysis product; the pyrolysis product is pyrolysis gas, pyrolysis oil and pyrolysis carbon in a gas, liquid and solid mixed state;
s2: feeding pyrolysis products including pyrolysis gas and pyrolysis oil into a pipeline, introducing the pipeline into a condensing device, and separating liquid pyrolysis oil;
s3: and introducing the pyrolysis product separated from the pyrolysis oil into a tail gas purification device, and then introducing the pyrolysis product into a pyrolysis gas collection box to finish the collection of the pyrolysis gas of the gaseous product.
Further, the water content of the sludge raw material is 40-60%; the weight ratio of the catalyst to the sludge raw material dry substrate is 1: 20-1: 40.
further, the catalyst comprises one or more of calcium hydroxide, calcium carbonate, zinc chloride, calcium oxide, zinc oxide and calcium superphosphate.
Further, the nitrogen flow rate is 70-150ml/min, the pyrolysis time is 1-2h, the heating rate is 10 ℃/min, and the pyrolysis temperature is 400-;
further, the catalyst is a mixture of zinc oxide and calcium superphosphate; the nitrogen flow rate is 100-; the content of H2 in the prepared product reaches more than 85 percent, and the total content of H2 and CO reaches more than 90 percent, so the product can be used as fuel gas with higher quality.
Further, the catalyst is a mixture of calcium superphosphate, zinc chloride and calcium oxide; the nitrogen flow rate is 80-110ml/min, the pyrolysis time is 1.5-2h, the heating rate is 7-15 ℃/min, and the pyrolysis temperature is 600-; the aromatic content is as high as more than 80 percent, contains a large amount of naphthalene, phenol and derivatives thereof, indole and the like, and can be used as important chemical raw materials.
Further, the catalyst is a calcium phosphate group, a zinc oxide group, a calcium chloride group and a calcium hydroxide mixture; the nitrogen flow rate is 80-110ml/min, the pyrolysis time is 1.5-2h, the heating rate is 7-15 ℃/min, and the pyrolysis temperature is 400-; the aliphatic content is as high as more than 55%, the H/C ratio is high, the combustion value is high, and the aliphatic series can be used as fuel.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the system and the method for preparing the high value-added product by catalytic pyrolysis of the municipal sludge disclosed by the invention can convert the municipal sludge into the high value-added product, thereby realizing the treatment and disposal of the sludge, realizing the harmlessness and recycling of the sludge and changing waste into valuable.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for preparing high value-added products by catalytic pyrolysis of municipal sludge;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a system for preparing high value-added products by catalytic pyrolysis of municipal sludge.
The reference numbers are as follows: 1. a nitrogen gas cylinder; 2. a pressure reducing valve; 3. a pyrolysis furnace; 4. a quartz tube; 5. a porcelain boat; 6. a control panel; 7. a water inlet pipe; 8. a pyrolysis oil discharge pipe; 9. a pyrolysis oil collection box; 10. an exhaust gas purification device; 11. a pyrolysis gas collection box; 12. a pyrolysis gas discharge pipe; 13. a water outlet pipe; 14. a condensing unit.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the figures and examples: FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for preparing high value-added products by catalytic pyrolysis of municipal sludge; FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a system for producing high value-added products by catalytic pyrolysis of municipal sludge. The following examples are given for the purpose of clearly illustrating the present invention and are not intended to limit the embodiments. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art upon reference to the following description. Nor is it intended to be exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious variations or modifications of the invention may be made without departing from the scope of the invention.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 2, a system for preparing high value-added products by catalytic pyrolysis of municipal sludge is described in detail, and the system for preparing high value-added products by catalytic pyrolysis of municipal sludge comprises:
the device comprises a pyrolysis furnace 3, wherein a quartz tube 4 is arranged in the pyrolysis furnace 3; a first end of the quartz tube 4 is provided with a nitrogen inlet, and a second end is provided with a pyrolysis product outlet; a porcelain boat 5 is placed in the quartz tube 4; the pyrolysis furnace is provided with a control panel 6.
The condensing device 14 is provided with a pyrolysis product inlet, a pyrolysis gas outlet and a pyrolysis oil outlet; the pyrolysis product inlet is communicated with the second end of the quartz tube; the condensing device 14 is a dividing wall water cooling device, a condensed water inlet pipe 7 is arranged below the condensing device 14, and a condensed water outlet pipe 13 is arranged above the condensing device; the condensation device 14 is provided with a pyrolysis product condensation pipe which is in a continuous U-shaped arrangement; and the lower end of the condensing pipe is provided with the pyrolysis oil outlet.
A pyrolysis oil collection box 9, wherein the pyrolysis oil collection box 9 is provided with a pyrolysis oil inlet which is communicated with the pyrolysis oil outlet through a pyrolysis oil discharge pipe 8;
the tail gas purification device 10 is provided with a tail gas inlet and a tail gas outlet, and the tail gas inlet is communicated with the pyrolysis gas outlet through the pyrolysis gas discharge pipe 12;
the pyrolysis gas collection box 11 is provided with a purified pyrolysis gas inlet, and the purified pyrolysis gas inlet is communicated with the tail gas outlet.
The nitrogen inlet is connected with a nitrogen bottle 1 through an air duct, and a pressure reducing valve 2 is arranged on the air duct.
Example 2
The method for preparing high value-added products by catalytic pyrolysis of municipal sludge is described in detail by combining the figure 1 and the figure 2, and comprises the following steps:
s1: uniformly mixing 50% of water content of the sludge raw material with a catalyst, placing the mixture in a quartz tube in a pyrolysis furnace, and pyrolyzing the mixture under the protection of nitrogen to obtain a pyrolysis product; the pyrolysis product is pyrolysis gas, pyrolysis oil and pyrolysis carbon in a gas, liquid and solid mixed state; the catalyst is one or more of calcium hydroxide, calcium carbonate, zinc chloride, calcium oxide, zinc oxide and calcium superphosphate; the mass ratio of the catalyst to the sludge raw material dry basis is 1: 20-1: 40.
s2: feeding pyrolysis products including pyrolysis gas and pyrolysis oil into a pipeline, introducing the pipeline into a condensing device, and separating liquid pyrolysis oil;
s3: and introducing the pyrolysis product separated from the pyrolysis oil into a tail gas purification device, and then introducing the pyrolysis product into a pyrolysis gas collection box to finish the collection of the pyrolysis gas of the gaseous product.
Wherein the nitrogen flow rate is 70-150ml/min, the pyrolysis time is 1-2h, the heating rate is 10 ℃/min, and the pyrolysis temperature is 400-800 ℃.
Preferably, sludge with the water content of 50% is taken as a raw material and mixed with a catalyst, and the mixing mass ratio of the raw material (dry basis) to the catalyst is 1: 20-1: 25, the nitrogen flow rate is 100-.
Preferably, sludge with the water content of 50% is taken as a raw material and mixed with a catalyst, and the mixing mass ratio of the raw material (dry basis) to the catalyst is 1: 20-1: 25, the nitrogen flow rate is 100-;
preferably, sludge with the water content of 50% is taken as a raw material and mixed with a catalyst, and the mixing mass ratio of the raw material (dry basis) to the catalyst is 1: 25-1: 30, the nitrogen flow rate is 80-110ml/min, the pyrolysis time is 1-1.5h, the heating rate is 7-15 ℃/min, the pyrolysis temperature is 350-.
Preferably, sludge with the water content of 50% is taken as a raw material and mixed with a catalyst, and the mixing mass ratio of the raw material (dry basis) to the catalyst is 1: 25-1: 30, the nitrogen flow rate is 80-110ml/min, the pyrolysis time is 1-1.5h, the heating rate is 7-15 ℃/min, the pyrolysis temperature is 600-.
Preferably, sludge with the water content of 50% is taken as a raw material and mixed with a catalyst, and the mixing mass ratio of the raw material (dry basis) to the catalyst is 1: 25-1: 30, the nitrogen flow rate is 80-110ml/min, the pyrolysis time is 1-1.5h, the heating rate is 7-15 ℃/min, the pyrolysis temperature is 800-.
The sludge raw materials are respectively and uniformly mixed with the equal catalyst, placed in a quartz tube 4 of a pyrolysis system, and are pyrolyzed under different pyrolysis conditions by introducing nitrogen through a nitrogen bottle 1 and collecting pyrolysis oil in a pyrolysis oil collection box 9 through a condensing device 14 and a pyrolysis oil discharge pipe 8, and pyrolysis gas is collected in a pyrolysis gas collection box 11 through a tail gas purification device 10 and a pyrolysis gas discharge pipe 12.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A system for preparing high value-added products by catalytic pyrolysis of municipal sludge is characterized by comprising:
the pyrolysis furnace is internally provided with a quartz tube; the first end of the quartz tube is provided with a nitrogen inlet, and the second end of the quartz tube is a pyrolysis product outlet; and a porcelain boat is placed in the quartz tube.
The condensing device is provided with a pyrolysis product inlet, a pyrolysis gas outlet and a pyrolysis oil outlet; the pyrolysis product inlet is communicated with the second end of the quartz tube;
the pyrolysis oil collection box is provided with a pyrolysis oil inlet which is communicated with the pyrolysis oil outlet;
the tail gas purification device is provided with a tail gas inlet and a tail gas outlet, and the tail gas inlet is communicated with the pyrolysis gas outlet;
the pyrolysis gas collecting box is provided with a purified pyrolysis gas inlet which is communicated with the tail gas outlet.
2. The system for preparing high value-added products through catalytic pyrolysis of municipal sludge according to claim 1, wherein the condensing device is a dividing wall water cooling device, and a condensed water inlet is arranged below the condensing device and a condensed water outlet is arranged above the condensing device.
3. The system for preparing high value-added products by catalytic pyrolysis of municipal sludge according to claim 2, wherein the condensing device is provided with a pyrolysis product condensing pipe, and the condensing pipe is in a continuous U-shaped arrangement; and the lower end of the condensing pipe is provided with the pyrolysis oil outlet.
4. A method for preparing high value-added products by catalytic pyrolysis of municipal sludge, which is carried out by using the system for preparing high value-added products by high-efficiency catalytic pyrolysis of municipal sludge according to any one of claims 1 to 3, and comprises the following steps:
s1: uniformly mixing a sludge raw material and a catalyst, placing the mixture in a quartz tube in a pyrolysis furnace, and pyrolyzing the mixture under the protection of nitrogen to obtain a pyrolysis product; the pyrolysis product is pyrolysis gas, pyrolysis oil and pyrolysis carbon in a gas, liquid and solid mixed state;
s2: feeding pyrolysis products including pyrolysis gas and pyrolysis oil into a pipeline, introducing the pipeline into a condensing device, and separating liquid pyrolysis oil;
s3: and introducing the pyrolysis product separated from the pyrolysis oil into a tail gas purification device, and then introducing the pyrolysis product into a pyrolysis gas collection box to finish the collection of the gaseous product pyrolysis gas.
5. The method for preparing high value-added products by catalytic pyrolysis of municipal sludge according to claim 4, wherein the water content of the sludge raw material is 40-60%; the mass ratio of the catalyst to the sludge raw material on a dry basis is 1: 20-1: 40.
6. the method for preparing high value-added products by catalytic pyrolysis of municipal sludge according to claim 4 or 5, wherein the catalyst comprises one or more of calcium hydroxide, calcium carbonate, zinc chloride, calcium oxide, zinc oxide and calcium superphosphate.
7. The method for preparing high value-added products by catalytic pyrolysis of municipal sludge according to claim 6, wherein the nitrogen flow rate is 70-150ml/min, the pyrolysis time is 1-2h, the temperature rise rate is 10 ℃/min, and the pyrolysis temperature is 400-800 ℃.
8. The method for preparing high value-added products by catalytic pyrolysis of municipal sludge according to claim 6, wherein the catalyst is a mixture of zinc oxide and calcium superphosphate; the nitrogen flow rate is 100-.
9. The method for preparing high value-added products by catalytic pyrolysis of municipal sludge according to claim 6, wherein the catalyst is a mixture of calcium superphosphate, zinc chloride and calcium oxide; the nitrogen flow rate is 80-110ml/min, the pyrolysis time is 1.5-2h, the heating rate is 7-15 ℃/min, and the pyrolysis temperature is 600-800 ℃.
10. The method for preparing high value-added products by catalytic pyrolysis of municipal sludge according to claim 6, wherein the catalyst is a mixture of calcium phosphate, zinc oxide, calcium chloride and calcium hydroxide; the nitrogen flow rate is 80-110ml/min, the pyrolysis time is 1.5-2h, the heating rate is 7-15 ℃/min, and the pyrolysis temperature is 400-600 ℃.
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WO2016059725A1 (en) * | 2014-10-17 | 2016-04-21 | Jfeエンジニアリング株式会社 | Petroleum purification waste-processing apparatus and petroleum purification waste-processing method |
CN105670658A (en) * | 2016-03-22 | 2016-06-15 | 北京神雾环境能源科技集团股份有限公司 | System and method for treating sludge |
CN108130346A (en) * | 2017-12-15 | 2018-06-08 | 清华大学 | A kind of method and system using sludge thermal chemical reaction hydrogen manufacturing |
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Title |
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