CN110754282A - Camellia oleifera grafting propagation method - Google Patents

Camellia oleifera grafting propagation method Download PDF

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CN110754282A
CN110754282A CN201911225943.3A CN201911225943A CN110754282A CN 110754282 A CN110754282 A CN 110754282A CN 201911225943 A CN201911225943 A CN 201911225943A CN 110754282 A CN110754282 A CN 110754282A
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scion
camellia oleifera
grafting
growth
oil
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李必琼
尹和山
魏显威
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ANHUI YUMIN ECOLOGICAL AGRICULTURE Co Ltd
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ANHUI YUMIN ECOLOGICAL AGRICULTURE Co Ltd
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
    • A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
    • A01G2/30—Grafting
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G7/00—Botany in general
    • A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
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    • A01N33/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic nitrogen compounds
    • A01N33/16—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic nitrogen compounds containing nitrogen-to-oxygen bonds
    • A01N33/18—Nitro compounds
    • A01N33/20—Nitro compounds containing oxygen or sulfur attached to the carbon skeleton containing the nitro group
    • A01N33/22—Nitro compounds containing oxygen or sulfur attached to the carbon skeleton containing the nitro group having at least one oxygen or sulfur atom and at least one nitro group directly attached to the same aromatic ring system
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N37/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
    • A01N37/06—Unsaturated carboxylic acids or thio analogues thereof; Derivatives thereof
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N61/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing substances of unknown or undetermined composition, e.g. substances characterised only by the mode of action
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
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    • A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
    • A01N65/08—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]

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Abstract

The invention discloses a method for grafting and propagating camellia oleifera, which comprises the following steps: s1: selection of scions: selecting the current-year semi-lignified spring shoot of a rare or fine variety of oil-tea trees as a scion; s2: and (3) scion treatment: placing the obtained cutting surfaces of the scions in a growth synergist, and soaking for 0.5-1 h at 15-25 ℃; the growth synergist comprises the following water solutions in mass concentration: 5-20 mu g/L of plant antibacterial peptide, 40-80 mg/L of lysozyme, 5-10 mg/L of 2-dodecenoic diacid, 20-30 mg/L of compound sodium nitrophenolate and 100-150 mg/L of an abelmoschus manihot extract; s3: selecting and processing rootstocks; s4: grafting; s5: and then managing. The method adopts the common oil tea as the rootstock to graft the rare or excellent variety of oil tea, remarkably improves the population quantity of the endangered rare variety of oil tea by means of vegetative propagation, ensures the normal annual growth rate, establishes an abundant oil tea gene resource library, such as a new species of small yellow tea of the oil tea, and obtains oil tea fruits with high yield, stable yield, high oil yield and good oil quality, such as Ganshi 84-8.

Description

Camellia oleifera grafting propagation method
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of camellia oleifera planting, and particularly relates to a camellia oleifera grafting propagation method.
Background
The grafting propagation is to graft one part of the vegetative organ of plant onto another plant with certain affinity, and the cambium at the joint part is healed to communicate the conduit and sieve tube to form one asexual propagation method for new individual. At present, the grafting technology of the camellia oleifera is mature day by day, but the grafting survival rate is still not high, and the main reasons are as follows: 1) after grafting, the wound is easily infected and invaded by microorganisms and viruses, so that the grafted part is rotten and diseased; 2) the vitality of the callus is not high, and the wound is healed slowly; 3) the growth of the scion bud is retarded.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a camellia oleifera grafting propagation method.
The technical scheme of the invention is summarized as follows:
a camellia oleifera grafting propagation method comprises the following steps:
s1: selection of scions: selecting healthy current-year semi-lignified spring shoots with good growth vigor, plump axillary buds and 0.3-0.4 cm chest diameter at the middle upper part of the periphery of the crown of the rare or fine variety of camellia oleifera as scions;
s2: and (3) scion treatment: reserving 1-2 high-quality buds at a position 0.45-0.55 cm below the top of the scion, cutting wedge-shaped inclined planes with the inclination of 20-25 degrees and the length of 1.4-1.6 cm at two sides of the lower end of leaf buds, placing the obtained scion cut planes in a growth synergist, and soaking for 0.5-1 h at 15-25 ℃;
the growth synergist comprises the following water solutions in mass concentration: 5-20 mu g/L of plant antibacterial peptide, 40-80 mg/L of lysozyme, 5-10 mg/L of 2-dodecenoic diacid, 20-30 mg/L of compound sodium nitrophenolate and 100-150 mg/L of an abelmoschus manihot extract;
s3: selecting and processing the rootstock: selecting a common variety of camellia oleifera seedlings which are good in growth vigor, free of diseases and insect pests and 0.8-1.0 cm in diameter at breast height, cutting off the camellia oleifera seedlings at a position 10-12 cm away from the ground of a trunk, and longitudinally cutting the camellia oleifera seedlings from the middle part by 2-3 cm;
s4: grafting: in the middle and last ten days of 5 months, inserting the processed scion beveled ends into the cuts of the stocks, tightly attaching the scion beveled ends to the cambium of the stocks, binding and sealing the joints, covering moisture-preserving plastic bags, and binding waste paper on the outer layers of the plastic bags for shading;
s5: and (4) management after connection: after grafting, the connector is basically healed for 28-32 d, a small opening is cut on the moisture-preserving bag, ventilation and moisture reduction are carried out, when the scion tip is pulled to 3-5 cm, the moisture-preserving cover is removed and the scion tip is unbundled, the scion is still shaded by waste paper, when the new tip is grown to 7-9 cm, the shaded waste paper is removed in the evening or in the shade.
Preferably, the preparation method of the abelmoschus manihot flower extract comprises the following steps: crushing and pulping fresh abelmoschus manihot, adding the crushed and pulped fresh abelmoschus manihot into 60% ethanol solution with the volume being 3 times that of the crushed and pulped fresh abelmoschus manihot, carrying out ultrasonic leaching for 2-4 h at 25 ℃, filtering the obtained product through four layers of gauze, adding filter residues into 40% ethanol solution with the volume being 5 times that of the filter residues, carrying out reflux extraction for 1-2 h at 80 ℃, combining the filtrate and the reflux liquid, and carrying out vacuum drying to obtain the abelmoschus manihot.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. according to the invention, the plant antibacterial peptide, the lysozyme, the 2-dodecenoic acid, the compound sodium nitrophenolate and the flower extract of abelmoschus manihot are compounded with the growth synergist for the first time, so that the infection, lesion and rot of a grafting wound caused by fungi, bacteria, viruses and the like are effectively prevented, the multiplication and differentiation of callus are synergistically stimulated, the bud germination and the joint healing are accelerated, and the survival rate of the camellia oleifera scion, the growth amount of scions and the number of lateral bud shoots are obviously improved. The plant antibacterial peptide is a cationic active peptide generated by a defense system in a plant body, has the characteristics of small molecular weight, no immunity, broad-spectrum rapid sterilization and the like, is adsorbed on a bacterial cell membrane through electrostatic attraction, is combined with lipid on the cell membrane to form a temporary channel on the cell membrane to destroy the structure of a lipid bilayer, causes the permeability change of the bacterial cell membrane, causes the substance in the membrane to flow out, destroys the internal environment of cells to cause bacterial death, can also kill the bacteria by changing the genetic process of the bacteria, inhibiting the cell respiration and destroying the cell wall structure, improves the scion antibacterial and sterilization capability by cooperating with lysozyme and abelmoschus manihot extracts, contains myricetin, can strongly resist the bacteria, also contains various pectin components such as pectin, bovine glycan, mucin and the like, enables a growth synergist to have certain consistency, and is grafted with an oral sticky protective film, keeping the interface wet; the compound sodium nitrophenolate is a powerful cell activating agent, comprises the chemical components of 5-nitroguaiacol sodium, sodium o-nitrophenolate and sodium p-nitrophenolate, can be quickly permeated into a scion body after being contacted with the scion, promotes the flow of cell protoplasm, improves the cell activity, and promotes the healing of a grafting wound and the germination and growth of a scion bud in cooperation with 2-dodecenedioic acid (wound hormone).
2. The method adopts common camellia oleifera as rootstocks to graft rare or fine variety camellia oleifera, remarkably improves the population quantity of endangered rare variety camellia oleifera by means of asexual propagation, ensures normal annual growth rate, establishes rich camellia oleifera gene resource library, such as new species of camellia oleifera small yellow tea (the small yellow tea is distributed in red water city and Yibin Changning county in Guizhou province at present and has the distribution area of 2.14Km21708 total plants, 260 seedlings and 1448 adult trees) are grafted with the good variety of the oil tea, the oil tea fruit with high yield, stable yield, high oil yield and good oil product, such as Ganna 84-8, can be obtained, and the economic benefit is increased.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a grafting propagation method of camellia oleifera.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further described in detail below with reference to examples so that those skilled in the art can practice the invention with reference to the description.
Example 1 grafting Ganshi 84-8 tea tree
A camellia oleifera grafting propagation method comprises the following steps:
s1: selection of scions: the middle-upper part of the periphery of the tree crown of Ganseng stone 84-8 camellia oleifera is good in growth vigor, full in axillary buds, 0.3-0.4 cm in diameter at breast height and healthy current-year semi-lignified spring shoots are selected as scions;
s2: and (3) scion treatment: reserving 1-2 high-quality buds at a position 0.45-0.55 cm below the top of the scion, cutting wedge-shaped inclined planes with the inclination of 20-25 degrees and the length of 1.4-1.6 cm at two sides of the lower end of leaf buds, placing the obtained scion cut planes in a growth synergist, and soaking for 1h at 25 ℃;
the growth synergist comprises the following water solutions in mass concentration: 10 mu g/L of plant antibacterial peptide, 50mg/L of lysozyme, 10mg/L of 2-dodecenedioic acid, 25mg/L of compound sodium nitrophenolate and 150mg/L of sunset abelmoschus flower extract;
the preparation method of the abelmoschus manihot flower extract comprises the following steps: crushing and pulping fresh abelmoschus manihot, adding the crushed and pulped fresh abelmoschus manihot into 60% ethanol solution with the volume being 3 times that of the crushed and pulped fresh abelmoschus manihot, carrying out ultrasonic leaching for 3 hours at 25 ℃, filtering the obtained product through four layers of gauze, adding filter residues into 40% ethanol solution with the volume being 5 times that of the obtained product, carrying out reflux extraction for 2 hours at 80 ℃, combining the filtrate and the reflux liquid, and carrying out vacuum drying to obtain the abelmoschus manihot;
s3: selecting and processing the rootstock: selecting a tea-oil tree seedling of Asian forest No. 1 with good growth vigor, no plant diseases and insect pests and 0.8-1.0 cm chest diameter, cutting off the tea-oil tree seedling at a position 10-12 cm above the ground of a main trunk, and longitudinally cutting 2-3 cm from the middle part;
s4: grafting: after 5 months and 23 days (at the moment, the temperature is warmed, sap begins to flow, callus is easily formed, the grafting survival rate is high, the temperature is high in spring and summer, the plant grows vigorously, cambium cells are active, the scion of the stock is easy to peel off, and the scion survives quickly), the processed scion beveled end is inserted into the cut of the stock, is tightly attached to the cambium of the stock, is bound and sealed at the joint, is covered with a moisturizing plastic bag, and is bound with waste paper on the outer layer of the plastic bag for shading;
s5: and (4) management after connection: and after the grafting, the 30d connector is basically healed, a small opening is cut on the moisture-preserving bag, ventilation and moisture reduction are carried out, when the scion tip grows to 3-5 cm, the moisture-preserving cover is removed and the scion tip is unbundled, the scion tip is still shaded by waste paper, when the new tip grows to 7-9 cm, the shaded waste paper is removed in the evening.
Comparative example 1: the Ganseng stone 84-8 tea-oil tree is grafted under the same conditions in the example 1, and the grafting method is the same as the example 1, except that the scion is not soaked in the growth synergist.
After 6 months of grafting, 100 grafted seedlings were randomly selected in the test fields of example 1 and comparative example 1, and the average growth index was calculated, with the results shown in table 1:
TABLE 1
Scion survival rate/%) Growth of ear/cm Number of pins/piece
Example 1 99％ 7.2 3.1
Comparative example 1 60％ 5.8 2.6
As can be seen from Table 1, the scions treated by the growth synergist have better scion survival rate and heading growth vigor than the scions without the growth synergist, which shows that the growth synergist has the functions of promoting the proliferation and differentiation of callus, accelerating the germination of scions and the healing of joints and obviously improving the scion survival rate.
While embodiments of the invention have been disclosed above, it is not limited to the applications listed in the description and the embodiments, which are fully applicable in all kinds of fields of application of the invention, and further modifications may readily be effected by those skilled in the art, so that the invention is not limited to the specific details without departing from the general concept defined by the claims and the scope of equivalents.

Claims (2)

1. The camellia oleifera grafting propagation method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: selection of scions: selecting healthy current-year semi-lignified spring shoots with good growth vigor, plump axillary buds and 0.3-0.4 cm chest diameter at the middle upper part of the periphery of the crown of the rare or fine variety of camellia oleifera as scions;
s2: and (3) scion treatment: reserving 1-2 high-quality buds at a position 0.45-0.55 cm below the top of the scion, cutting wedge-shaped inclined planes with the inclination of 20-25 degrees and the length of 1.4-1.6 cm at two sides of the lower end of leaf buds, placing the obtained scion cut planes in a growth synergist, and soaking for 0.5-1 h at 15-25 ℃;
the growth synergist comprises the following water solutions in mass concentration: 5-20 mu g/L of plant antibacterial peptide, 40-80 mg/L of lysozyme, 5-10 mg/L of 2-dodecenoic diacid, 20-30 mg/L of compound sodium nitrophenolate and 100-150 mg/L of an abelmoschus manihot extract;
s3: selecting and processing the rootstock: selecting a common variety of camellia oleifera seedlings which are good in growth vigor, free of diseases and insect pests and 0.8-1.0 cm in diameter at breast height, cutting off the camellia oleifera seedlings at a position 10-12 cm away from the ground of a trunk, and longitudinally cutting the camellia oleifera seedlings from the middle part by 2-3 cm;
s4: grafting: in the middle and last ten days of 5 months, inserting the processed scion beveled ends into the cuts of the stocks, tightly attaching the scion beveled ends to the cambium of the stocks, binding and sealing the joints, covering moisture-preserving plastic bags, and binding waste paper on the outer layers of the plastic bags for shading;
s5: and (4) management after connection: after grafting, the connector is basically healed for 28-32 d, a small opening is cut on the moisture-preserving bag, ventilation and moisture reduction are carried out, when the scion tip is pulled to 3-5 cm, the moisture-preserving cover is removed and the scion tip is unbundled, the scion is still shaded by waste paper, when the new tip is grown to 7-9 cm, the shaded waste paper is removed in the evening or in the shade.
2. The camellia grafting propagation method according to claim 1, wherein the preparation method of the abelmoschus manihot flower extract comprises the following steps: crushing and pulping fresh abelmoschus manihot, adding the crushed and pulped fresh abelmoschus manihot into 60% ethanol solution with the volume being 3 times that of the crushed and pulped fresh abelmoschus manihot, carrying out ultrasonic leaching for 2-4 h at 25 ℃, filtering the obtained product through four layers of gauze, adding filter residues into 40% ethanol solution with the volume being 5 times that of the filter residues, carrying out reflux extraction for 1-2 h at 80 ℃, combining the filtrate and the reflux liquid, and carrying out vacuum drying to obtain the abelmoschus manihot.
CN201911225943.3A 2019-12-04 2019-12-04 Camellia oleifera grafting propagation method Pending CN110754282A (en)

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Cited By (6)

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CN111657032A (en) * 2020-05-06 2020-09-15 六安市裕安区伊甸园油茶种植专业合作社 Camellia oleifera root grafting propagation method
CN111684939A (en) * 2020-06-09 2020-09-22 南宁市林业科学研究所 Grafting method for improving survival rate of checked trees
CN111802103A (en) * 2020-07-20 2020-10-23 湖北省农业科学院果树茶叶研究所 Utilization method for broken roots of fruit tree seedlings
CN111972149A (en) * 2020-07-15 2020-11-24 安徽裕民生态农业有限公司 Method for grafting and seedling raising of camellia oleifera bud stocks
CN114128504A (en) * 2021-11-01 2022-03-04 广西师范大学 Grafting method for improving camellia oleifera variety
CN115537369A (en) * 2022-11-09 2022-12-30 云南农业大学 Application of 2-dodecenedioic acid in promoting growth and colonization of pseudomonas monteilii

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Cited By (7)

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CN111657032A (en) * 2020-05-06 2020-09-15 六安市裕安区伊甸园油茶种植专业合作社 Camellia oleifera root grafting propagation method
CN111684939A (en) * 2020-06-09 2020-09-22 南宁市林业科学研究所 Grafting method for improving survival rate of checked trees
CN111972149A (en) * 2020-07-15 2020-11-24 安徽裕民生态农业有限公司 Method for grafting and seedling raising of camellia oleifera bud stocks
CN111802103A (en) * 2020-07-20 2020-10-23 湖北省农业科学院果树茶叶研究所 Utilization method for broken roots of fruit tree seedlings
CN114128504A (en) * 2021-11-01 2022-03-04 广西师范大学 Grafting method for improving camellia oleifera variety
CN115537369A (en) * 2022-11-09 2022-12-30 云南农业大学 Application of 2-dodecenedioic acid in promoting growth and colonization of pseudomonas monteilii
CN115537369B (en) * 2022-11-09 2024-03-01 云南农业大学 Application of 2-dodecenedioic acid in promoting pseudomonas mongolica growth and colonisation

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