CN110741856A - Preparation method of insect-resistant anti-aging sunshade net - Google Patents
Preparation method of insect-resistant anti-aging sunshade net Download PDFInfo
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- CN110741856A CN110741856A CN201911051209.XA CN201911051209A CN110741856A CN 110741856 A CN110741856 A CN 110741856A CN 201911051209 A CN201911051209 A CN 201911051209A CN 110741856 A CN110741856 A CN 110741856A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
- A01G13/02—Protective coverings for plants; Coverings for the ground; Devices for laying-out or removing coverings
- A01G13/0206—Canopies, i.e. devices providing a roof above the plants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01M—CATCHING, TRAPPING OR SCARING OF ANIMALS; APPARATUS FOR THE DESTRUCTION OF NOXIOUS ANIMALS OR NOXIOUS PLANTS
- A01M29/00—Scaring or repelling devices, e.g. bird-scaring apparatus
- A01M29/12—Scaring or repelling devices, e.g. bird-scaring apparatus using odoriferous substances, e.g. aromas, pheromones or chemical agents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
- C11B9/00—Essential oils; Perfumes
- C11B9/02—Recovery or refining of essential oils from raw materials
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
- C11B9/00—Essential oils; Perfumes
- C11B9/02—Recovery or refining of essential oils from raw materials
- C11B9/022—Refining
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
- C11B9/00—Essential oils; Perfumes
- C11B9/02—Recovery or refining of essential oils from raw materials
- C11B9/025—Recovery by solvent extraction
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
- D01D5/24—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like with a hollow structure; Spinnerette packs therefor
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
- D01D5/253—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like with a non-circular cross section; Spinnerette packs therefor
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F1/00—General methods for the manufacture of artificial filaments or the like
- D01F1/02—Addition of substances to the spinning solution or to the melt
- D01F1/10—Other agents for modifying properties
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F1/00—General methods for the manufacture of artificial filaments or the like
- D01F1/02—Addition of substances to the spinning solution or to the melt
- D01F1/10—Other agents for modifying properties
- D01F1/106—Radiation shielding agents, e.g. absorbing, reflecting agents
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F8/00—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof
- D01F8/04—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers
- D01F8/06—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers with at least one polyolefin as constituent
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F8/00—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof
- D01F8/04—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers
- D01F8/14—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers with at least one polyester as constituent
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D03—WEAVING
- D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
- D03D13/00—Woven fabrics characterised by the special disposition of the warp or weft threads, e.g. with curved weft threads, with discontinuous warp threads, with diagonal warp or weft
- D03D13/008—Woven fabrics characterised by the special disposition of the warp or weft threads, e.g. with curved weft threads, with discontinuous warp threads, with diagonal warp or weft characterised by weave density or surface weight
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- D03D15/00—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used
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- D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
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Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of a pest-preventing anti-aging sunshade net, and belongs to the technical field of sunshade net preparation. The invention prepares the vanadium dioxide opacifier by doping vanadium pentoxide with lead molybdate ore powder by a thermal reduction method, after the phase transition temperature of the vanadium dioxide is reduced, the vanadium dioxide can shade after exceeding the phase transition temperature in the shading net in burning sun, high-density polyethylene master batch and ethylene glycol terephthalate are used as main raw materials to prepare high-elasticity strong-toughness textile fiber, the added carbon nano tube has a special pipeline structure and a high specific surface area, the carbon nano tube can improve the heat dissipation performance of the shading net, improve the absorption of titanium dioxide to ultraviolet light and reduce light aging, the cross-linking density among the fibers of the sunshade net is improved by converting the light energy through the photocatalysis of the titanium dioxide, the strength of the sunshade net is improved, and the insect-proof oil extracted from plants is mixed with the white mineral oil, so that the insect-proof essential oil can be adhered among the textile fibers, and the insect-proof performance of the sunshade net is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention discloses a preparation method of a pest-preventing anti-aging sunshade net, and belongs to the technical field of sunshade net preparation.
Background
The sunshade net is also called shading net, and is a latest special protective covering material for agriculture, fishery, animal husbandry, wind prevention, soil covering and the like, which is popularized in more than 10 years. After covering in summer, the effects of light blocking, rain shielding, moisture preservation and temperature reduction are achieved. After covering in winter and spring, the coating also has certain heat preservation and humidification functions.
The sun-shading net is directly covered on the surface (floating surface) of the leaf vegetables planted in winter and spring to prevent low-temperature damage, and the sun-shading net has light weight of only about 45g per square meter, so that the grown high-plant leaf vegetables cannot be pressed down and bent, and the commodity performance is reduced. And because it has certain air permeability, the surface of the leaves is still dry after covering, thus reducing the occurrence of diseases. It also has certain light transmissivity, and can not cover yellow and rot after covering. In 1997, the Henan university of agriculture carries out cold protection on celery growing basically in a winter greenhouse in a Longtang vegetable garden in the HeYing county by floating surface covering in the greenhouse, and as a result, people who carry out sun-shading net floating surface covering at the external temperature of-6 ℃ are found, and a large amount of ice is not found on celery leaves; whereas the single canopy control, especially the upper mid-leaf, was frozen and the mulch was measured to be 1.5 ℃ above the control temperature.
The sunshade net is mainly applied in summer, and particularly has large popularization area in the south. There is a formal description: the north is a white (covered by film) in winter and the south is a black (covered by sunshade net) in summer. The use of sunshade net for vegetable cultivation in the south in summer has become a major technical measure for popularization in disaster prevention and protection. The application in the north is limited to vegetable seedling culture in summer. The sunshade net is covered in summer (6-8 months) mainly for preventing radiation of burning sun, impact of rainstorm, high temperature damage and spread of plant diseases and insect pests, and especially for preventing the migration of the plant diseases and insect pests. The effects of light blocking, rain shielding, moisture preservation and temperature reduction are achieved after the covering in summer; after covering in winter and spring, the coating also has certain heat preservation and humidification functions. The sunshade net is made of polyethylene, high-density polyethylene, PE, PB, PVC, reclaimed materials, virgin materials, and polyethylene-propylene as raw materials, and is subjected to ultraviolet stabilizer and anti-oxidation treatment, so that the sunshade net is mainly used for the protective cultivation of vegetables, fragrant croquettes, flowers, edible fungi, nursery stocks, medicinal materials, ginseng, ganoderma lucidum and the like, the aquaculture of aquatic livestock and poultry, and has obvious effects on improving yield and the like.
The sunshade net is classified: round wire sunshade net: because the sunshade net is formed by weaving warps and wefts in a crossed mode and mainly by weaving a warp knitting machine, if the warps and the wefts are woven by round wires, the sunshade net is the round wire sunshade net. Flat wire sunshade net: the sunshade net formed by weaving the warps and the wefts through the flat wires is the flat wire sunshade net, and the net is generally low in gram weight and high in sunshade rate and is mainly used for sunshade and sun protection in agriculture and gardens. Round flat wire sunshade net: the warp is flat wire, the weft is round wire, or the warp is round wire, the weft is flat wire, the sunshade woven net is round flat wire sunshade net.
At present, the sun-shading nets sold in the market are mainly black, and some light-colored sun-shading nets are also available. The black sunshade net mainly realizes shading through absorbing sunlight, and the light sunshade net realizes shading through selective reflection absorption. In summary, the existing sunshade net technology has the following defects: the anti-ultraviolet and anti-aging performance is poor, the sun-shading effect is reduced after long-term use, the light-shading and cooling effects of the net-shaped structure of the sun-shading net cannot meet the requirements of modern agricultural production at the same time, and the insect-preventing effect in summer is not as good as possible.
Therefore, the invention of the sunshade net with insect prevention and good aging resistance is necessary to the technical field of sunshade net preparation.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly solves the technical problems that the existing sunshade net has poor ultraviolet resistance and aging resistance, the sunshade effect is reduced after long-term use, the shading and cooling effects of the sunshade net cannot meet the requirements of modern agricultural production simultaneously due to the net structure of the sunshade net, and the insect-proof effect in summer is not satisfactory, and provides a preparation method of the insect-proof and aging-proof sunshade net.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a preparation method of the insect-resistant anti-aging sunshade net comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing a vanadium dioxide opacifier, hydroxymethyl cellulose, high-density polyethylene master batches, ethylene glycol terephthalate, carbon nano tubes and nano titanium dioxide to obtain a pre-dispersed material, pouring the pre-dispersed material into a screw extruder, carrying out melt extrusion to obtain a polymer melt, feeding the polymer melt into a spinning box body with the set temperature of 230-250 ℃, and spraying textile fibers in a triangular hollow spinneret plate;
(2) mixing the insect-proof oil and the white mineral oil to obtain a dispersion liquid, putting the textile fibers into a netting machine, atomizing and spraying the dispersion liquid on the textile fibers in the netting process, and controlling the spraying density to be 40-50 g/m2Weaving a pest-proof anti-aging sunshade net;
the vanadium dioxide opacifier is prepared by the following specific steps:
mixing 10-15 parts of vanadium pentoxide with 30-40 parts of oxalic acid solution with the mass fraction of 20% according to the weight parts to obtain a solution to be reduced, mixing the solution to be reduced, lead molybdate ore powder and absolute ethyl alcohol, pouring the mixture into a four-neck flask, stirring and reacting for 14-15 hours at the rotating speed of 200-220 r/min under the water bath heating condition, and controlling the water bath temperature to be 80-90 ℃ to obtain a vanadium dioxide opacifier;
the insect-proof oil is prepared by the following specific steps:
(1) heating the camphor leaves in an oven to 80-85 ℃, then mixing and soaking the dried camphor leaves and distilled water for 2-3 hours according to the mass ratio of 1:7, distilling the camphor leaves, controlling the distillation temperature to be 60-65 ℃, and the distillation time to be 1-2 hours, removing the distilled impurities, and collecting to obtain purified camphor leaves;
(2) mixing the purified camphor leaves and the pyrethrum flowers at a mass ratio of 2: 1 to obtain mixed raw materials, adding the mixed raw materials and absolute ethyl alcohol at a mass ratio of 20: 1 into an extraction kettle, inputting supercritical carbon dioxide fluid into the extraction kettle, extracting for 45-50 min to obtain extracted supercritical carbon dioxide fluid;
(3) and (3) introducing the extracted supercritical carbon dioxide fluid into a rectification column for separation, rectifying for 0.5-1.0 h, separating the obtained rectification liquid in a separator for 30-35 min, and obtaining the insect-proof oil.
The vanadium dioxide light-screening agent specifically comprises, by weight, 40-45 parts of vanadium dioxide light-screening agent, 4-5 parts of hydroxymethyl cellulose, 100-120 parts of high-density polyethylene master batch, 80-90 parts of ethylene terephthalate, 7-8 parts of carbon nano tube and 10-15 parts of nano titanium dioxide.
The vanadium dioxide opacifier is characterized in that the intrinsic viscosity of the polymer melt obtained in the step (1) is 0.45-0.50 dL/g.
The vanadium dioxide light-screening agent is prepared in the step (2) in a mixing mass ratio of the insect-proof oil to the white mineral oil of 4: 1.
The vanadium dioxide light screening agent is prepared by specifically preparing the insect-resistant anti-aging sunshade net control sunshade net obtained in the step (2) with the warp density of 200-250 pieces/10 cm and the weft density of 180-200 pieces/10 cm.
In the specific preparation step of the vanadium dioxide opacifier, the mass ratio of the solution to be reduced, the lead molybdate ore powder and the absolute ethyl alcohol is 1: 2: 5.
The moisture content of the camphor leaves after baking and drying in the specific preparation step (1) of the insect-proof oil is controlled to be 3-5%.
The insect-proof oil is prepared by controlling the extraction pressure to be 6-8 MPa and the extraction temperature to be 25-28 ℃ in the extraction process in the step (2).
In the specific preparation step (3), the pressure of the rectification column is controlled to be 7-8 MPa, the temperature is controlled to be 20-22 ℃ during rectification column separation, the separation pressure is controlled to be 8-10 MPa during separation of the separator, and the separation temperature is 25-30 ℃.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the invention mixes vanadium pentoxide with lead molybdate ore powder, prepares vanadium dioxide opacifier by thermal reduction method, and at the same time of converting vanadium pentoxide into vanadium dioxide by thermal reduction method, tungsten and molybdenum in lead molybdate ore powder are also reduced and doped into vanadium dioxide, because the equivalent valence of metal elements such as tungsten and molybdenum is higher than vanadium, lattice distortion can be generated in vanadium dioxide, thereby reducing the phase transition temperature of vanadium dioxide, vanadium dioxide is a metal oxide with phase transition property, the reversible conversion of infrared light from transmission to reflection is caused by the structural change before and after phase transition, after the phase transition temperature of vanadium dioxide is reduced, under burning sun, vanadium dioxide can play the role of shading and reflecting infrared light after exceeding the phase transition temperature in shading net, and under the phase transition temperature, the photosynthesis of plants can not be influenced, two purposes are achieved at one stroke;
(2) the invention adopts high-density polyethylene master batch and ethylene glycol terephthalate as main raw materials, can be made into high-elasticity and high-toughness textile fibers, adds the carbon nano tube which has a special pipeline structure and a high specific surface area and can be used as a carrier of titanium dioxide, improves the heat dispersion of the sunshade net, can be used as an electron acceptor and easily receives photogenerated electrons generated by the titanium dioxide, thereby effectively inhibiting the composition of the photogenerated electrons and cavities, improving the absorption of the titanium dioxide on ultraviolet light, reducing light aging, improving the cross-linking density among the sunshade net fibers by converting light energy through photocatalysis of the titanium dioxide, increasing the cohesive force of the sunshade net, improving the strength of the sunshade net, mixing insect-proof oil extracted from plants with white mineral oil, enabling the insect-proof oil to be adhered among the textile fibers and seeping into gaps among the fibers of the sunshade net through atomization and spraying, improves the insect-resistant performance of the sunshade net and has wide application prospect.
Detailed Description
Mixing 10-15 parts by weight of vanadium pentoxide with 30-40 parts by weight of 20% oxalic acid solution to obtain a solution to be reduced, mixing the solution to be reduced, lead molybdate ore powder and absolute ethyl alcohol according to a volume ratio of 1: 2: 5, pouring the mixture into a four-neck flask, stirring and reacting for 14-15 hours at a rotating speed of 200-220 r/min under a water bath heating condition, and controllingThe water bath temperature is 80-90 ℃, and a vanadium dioxide light-screening agent is obtained for later use; heating camphor leaves in an oven to 80-85 ℃, baking and drying until the water content is 3-5%, then mixing and soaking the dried camphor leaves and distilled water according to the mass ratio of 1:7 for 2-3 h, distilling the camphor leaves, controlling the distillation temperature to be 60-65 ℃, distilling for 1-2 h, removing the distilled impurities, and collecting to obtain purified camphor leaves; mixing the purified camphor leaves and the pyrethrum flowers at a mass ratio of 2: 1 to obtain mixed raw materials, adding the mixed raw materials and absolute ethyl alcohol at a mass ratio of 20: 1 into an extraction kettle, inputting supercritical carbon dioxide fluid into the extraction kettle, extracting under the conditions that the extraction pressure is 6-8 MPa and the extraction temperature is 25-28 ℃, and extracting for 45-50 min to obtain extracted supercritical carbon dioxide fluid; introducing the extracted supercritical carbon dioxide fluid into a rectification column for separation, controlling the pressure of the rectification column to be 7-8 MPa, controlling the temperature to be 20-22 ℃, rectifying for 0.5-1.0 h, separating the obtained rectification liquid in a separator, controlling the separation pressure to be 8-10 MPa, controlling the separation temperature to be 25-30 ℃, and separating for 30-35 min to obtain insect-proof oil for later use; mixing 40-45 parts by weight of standby vanadium dioxide opacifier, 4-5 parts by weight of hydroxymethyl cellulose, 100-120 parts by weight of high-density polyethylene master batch, 80-90 parts by weight of ethylene terephthalate, 7-8 parts by weight of carbon nano tube and 10-15 parts by weight of nano titanium dioxide to obtain pre-dispersed material, then pouring the pre-dispersed material into a screw extruder, carrying out melt extrusion to obtain a polymer melt, wherein the intrinsic viscosity of the obtained polymer melt is 0.45-0.50 dL/g, then feeding the polymer melt into a spinning box body with the set temperature of 230-250 ℃, and spraying textile fibers in a triangular hollow spinneret plate; mixing the standby insect-proof oil and the white mineral oil according to the mass ratio of 4: 1 to obtain a dispersion liquid, putting the textile fibers into a net weaving machine, atomizing and spraying the dispersion liquid on the textile fibers in the net weaving process, and controlling the spraying density to be 40-50 g/m2The warp density of the sunshade net is controlled to be 200-250 pieces/10 cm, and the weft density is controlled to be 180-200 pieces/10 cm, and the sunshade net is woven into the insect-proof and anti-aging sunshade net.
Example 1
Preparation of a vanadium dioxide opacifier:
mixing 10 parts by weight of vanadium pentoxide with 30 parts by weight of oxalic acid solution with the mass fraction of 20% to obtain solution to be reduced, mixing the solution to be reduced, lead molybdate ore powder and absolute ethyl alcohol according to the volume ratio of 1: 2: 5, pouring the mixture into a four-mouth flask, stirring and reacting for 14 hours at the rotating speed of 200r/min under the water bath heating condition, and controlling the water bath temperature to be 80 ℃ to obtain a vanadium dioxide light-screening agent for later use;
preparing insect-proof oil:
heating camphor leaves in an oven to 80 ℃, baking and drying until the water content is 3%, mixing and soaking the dried camphor leaves and distilled water according to the mass ratio of 1:7 for 2 hours, distilling the camphor leaves, controlling the distillation temperature to be 60 ℃ and the distillation time to be 1 hour, removing the distilled impurities, and collecting to obtain purified camphor leaves;
mixing the purified camphor leaves and the pyrethrum flowers at a mass ratio of 2: 1 to obtain mixed raw materials, adding the mixed raw materials and absolute ethyl alcohol at a mass ratio of 20: 1 into an extraction kettle, inputting supercritical carbon dioxide fluid into the extraction kettle, extracting under the conditions that the extraction pressure is 6MPa and the extraction temperature is 25 ℃, and extracting for 45min to obtain extracted supercritical carbon dioxide fluid;
introducing the extracted supercritical carbon dioxide fluid into a rectification column for separation, controlling the pressure of the rectification column to be 7MPa and the temperature to be 20 ℃, rectifying for 0.5h, and separating the obtained rectification liquid in a separator at the separation pressure of 8MPa and the separation temperature of 25 ℃ for 30min to obtain the insect-proof oil for later use;
preparing a pest-preventing anti-aging sunshade net:
mixing 40 parts by weight of standby vanadium dioxide opacifier, 4 parts by weight of hydroxymethyl cellulose, 100 parts by weight of high-density polyethylene master batch, 80 parts by weight of ethylene terephthalate, 7 parts by weight of carbon nano tube and 10 parts by weight of nano titanium dioxide to obtain pre-dispersed material, then pouring the pre-dispersed material into a screw extruder, carrying out melt extrusion to obtain polymer melt, wherein the intrinsic viscosity of the obtained polymer melt is 0.45dL/g, then feeding the polymer melt into a spinning box body with the set temperature of 230 ℃, and spraying textile fibers in a triangular hollow spinneret plate;
will be ready for useMixing insect-proof oil and white mineral oil at a mass ratio of 4: 1 to obtain dispersion, feeding the textile fiber into a net weaving machine, spraying the dispersion onto the textile fiber in a spraying manner during net weaving process, and controlling the spraying density to be 40g/m2The warp density of the sunshade net is controlled to be 200 pieces/10 cm, and the weft density is controlled to be 180 pieces/10 cm, and the sunshade net is woven into the insect-resistant anti-aging sunshade net.
Example 2
Preparation of a vanadium dioxide opacifier:
mixing 12 parts by weight of vanadium pentoxide with 35 parts by weight of 20% oxalic acid solution to obtain a solution to be reduced, mixing the solution to be reduced, lead molybdate ore powder and absolute ethyl alcohol according to a volume ratio of 1: 2: 5, pouring the mixture into a four-mouth flask, stirring and reacting for 14.5 hours at a rotating speed of 210r/min under the water bath heating condition, and controlling the water bath temperature to be 85 ℃ to obtain a vanadium dioxide light-screening agent for later use;
preparing insect-proof oil:
heating the cinnamomum camphora leaves in an oven to 82 ℃, baking and drying until the water content is 4%, mixing and soaking the dried cinnamomum camphora leaves and distilled water according to the mass ratio of 1:7 for 2.5 hours, distilling the cinnamomum camphora leaves, controlling the distillation temperature to be 62 ℃, the distillation time to be 1.5 hours, removing the distilled impurities, and collecting to obtain purified cinnamomum camphora leaves;
mixing the purified camphor leaves and the pyrethrum flowers at a mass ratio of 2: 1 to obtain mixed raw materials, adding the mixed raw materials and absolute ethyl alcohol at a mass ratio of 20: 1 into an extraction kettle, inputting supercritical carbon dioxide fluid into the extraction kettle, extracting under the conditions that the extraction pressure is 7MPa and the extraction temperature is 27 ℃, and extracting for 47min to obtain extracted supercritical carbon dioxide fluid;
introducing the extracted supercritical carbon dioxide fluid into a rectification column for separation, controlling the pressure of the rectification column to be 7MPa and the temperature to be 21 ℃, rectifying for 0.7h, and separating the obtained rectification liquid in a separator at 9MPa and 27 ℃ for 32min to obtain the insect-proof oil for later use;
preparing a pest-preventing anti-aging sunshade net:
mixing 42 parts of standby vanadium dioxide opacifier, 4 parts of hydroxymethyl cellulose, 110 parts of high-density polyethylene master batch, 85 parts of ethylene terephthalate, 7 parts of carbon nano tube and 12 parts of nano titanium dioxide in parts by weight to obtain pre-dispersed materials, then pouring the pre-dispersed materials into a screw extruder, carrying out melt extrusion to obtain a polymer melt, wherein the intrinsic viscosity of the obtained polymer melt is 0.47dL/g, then feeding the polymer melt into a spinning box body with the set temperature of 240 ℃, and spraying textile fibers in a triangular hollow spinneret plate;
mixing the insect-proof oil and white mineral oil at a mass ratio of 4: 1 to obtain dispersion, feeding the textile fiber into a net weaving machine, spraying the dispersion onto the textile fiber in a spraying manner during net weaving process, and controlling the spraying density to be 45g/m2The warp density of the sunshade net is controlled to be 220 pieces/10 cm, and the weft density is controlled to be 190 pieces/10 cm, and the sunshade net is woven into the insect-resistant anti-aging sunshade net.
Example 3
Preparation of a vanadium dioxide opacifier:
mixing 15 parts by weight of vanadium pentoxide with 40 parts by weight of 20% oxalic acid solution to obtain a solution to be reduced, mixing the solution to be reduced, lead molybdate ore powder and absolute ethyl alcohol according to a volume ratio of 1: 2: 5, pouring the mixture into a four-mouth flask, stirring and reacting for 15 hours at a rotating speed of 220r/min under the water bath heating condition, and controlling the water bath temperature to be 90 ℃ to obtain a vanadium dioxide light-screening agent for later use;
preparing insect-proof oil:
heating camphor leaves in an oven to 85 ℃, baking and drying until the water content is 5%, mixing and soaking the dried camphor leaves and distilled water according to the mass ratio of 1:7 for 3 hours, distilling the camphor leaves, controlling the distillation temperature to 65 ℃, the distillation time to 2 hours, removing the distilled impurities, and collecting to obtain purified camphor leaves;
mixing the purified camphor leaves and the pyrethrum flowers at a mass ratio of 2: 1 to obtain mixed raw materials, adding the mixed raw materials and absolute ethyl alcohol at a mass ratio of 20: 1 into an extraction kettle, inputting supercritical carbon dioxide fluid into the extraction kettle, extracting under the conditions that the extraction pressure is 8MPa and the extraction temperature is 28 ℃, and extracting for 50min to obtain extracted supercritical carbon dioxide fluid;
introducing the extracted supercritical carbon dioxide fluid into a rectification column for separation, controlling the pressure of the rectification column to be 8MPa and the temperature to be 22 ℃, rectifying for 1.0h, separating the obtained rectification liquid in a separator, controlling the separation pressure to be 10MPa and the separation temperature to be 30 ℃, and separating for 35min to obtain the insect-proof oil for later use;
preparing a pest-preventing anti-aging sunshade net:
mixing 45 parts by weight of standby vanadium dioxide opacifier, 5 parts by weight of hydroxymethyl cellulose, 120 parts by weight of high-density polyethylene master batch, 90 parts by weight of ethylene terephthalate, 8 parts by weight of carbon nano tube and 15 parts by weight of nano titanium dioxide to obtain pre-dispersed material, then pouring the pre-dispersed material into a screw extruder, carrying out melt extrusion to obtain polymer melt, wherein the intrinsic viscosity of the obtained polymer melt is 0.50dL/g, then feeding the polymer melt into a spinning box body with the set temperature of 250 ℃, and spraying textile fibers in a triangular hollow spinneret plate;
mixing the insect-proof oil and white mineral oil at a mass ratio of 4: 1 to obtain dispersion, feeding the textile fiber into a net weaving machine, spraying the dispersion onto the textile fiber in a spraying manner during net weaving process, and controlling the spraying density to be 50g/m2The warp density of the sunshade net is controlled to be 250 pieces/10 cm, and the weft density is controlled to be 200 pieces/10 cm, and the sunshade net is woven into the insect-resistant anti-aging sunshade net.
Comparative example 1: essentially the same procedure as in example 2 was followed, except that the conventional sunscreen agent was used in place of the vanadium dioxide sunscreen agent of the present invention.
Comparative example 2: the preparation method was substantially the same as that of example 2, except that a general insect-repellent agent was used in place of the present insect-repellent agent.
Comparative example 3: an insect-proof and anti-aging sunshade net produced by a company in Zhenjiang city.
And the elongation at break test is carried out by adopting 5000N greenhouse sunshade net tensile strength detection equipment.
And (3) testing ultraviolet resistance and aging resistance: the sunshade net in the examples and comparative examples was subjected to an accelerated aging test, subjected to ultraviolet irradiation, and measured for elongation at break and elongation retention, and the results are shown in table 1.
And (3) testing the cooling effect: the sunshade net of the examples and comparative examples was placed in full sunshine (summer and spring and autumn), and the difference between the inside and outside temperatures of the sunshade net was measured as the temperature drop.
Testing insect prevention effect: the sunshade net in the examples and comparative examples was used for sunshade of vegetables, and pest coverage was measured.
Table 1: sunshade net performance measurement results
In summary, it can be seen from table 1 that the insect-preventing anti-aging sunshade net of the present invention has good anti-ultraviolet and anti-aging properties, an aging time of 500 hours, a high elongation retention rate after ultraviolet irradiation, a high shading rate, and a good cooling property, the temperature difference in summer reaches 25 ℃, the temperature difference in spring and autumn reaches 17 ℃, the insect-preventing effect is good, the pest coverage is only 2.5%, and the present invention has a wide application prospect.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, but rather as the subject matter of the invention is to be construed in all aspects and as broadly as possible, and all changes, equivalents and modifications that fall within the true spirit and scope of the invention are therefore intended to be embraced therein.
Claims (9)
1. A preparation method of a pest-preventing anti-aging sunshade net is characterized by comprising the following specific preparation steps:
(1) mixing a vanadium dioxide opacifier, hydroxymethyl cellulose, high-density polyethylene master batches, ethylene glycol terephthalate, carbon nano tubes and nano titanium dioxide to obtain a pre-dispersed material, pouring the pre-dispersed material into a screw extruder, carrying out melt extrusion to obtain a polymer melt, feeding the polymer melt into a spinning box body with the set temperature of 230-250 ℃, and spraying textile fibers in a triangular hollow spinneret plate;
(2) mixing the insect-proof oil and the white mineral oil to obtain a dispersion liquid, putting the textile fibers into a netting machine, atomizing and spraying the dispersion liquid on the textile fibers in the netting process, and controlling the spraying density to be 40-50 g/m2Weaving a pest-proof anti-aging sunshade net;
the vanadium dioxide opacifier is prepared by the following specific steps:
mixing 10-15 parts of vanadium pentoxide with 30-40 parts of oxalic acid solution with the mass fraction of 20% according to the weight parts to obtain a solution to be reduced, mixing the solution to be reduced, lead molybdate ore powder and absolute ethyl alcohol, pouring the mixture into a four-neck flask, stirring and reacting for 14-15 hours at the rotating speed of 200-220 r/min under the water bath heating condition, and controlling the water bath temperature to be 80-90 ℃ to obtain a vanadium dioxide opacifier;
the insect-proof oil is prepared by the following specific steps:
(1) heating the camphor leaves in an oven to 80-85 ℃, then mixing and soaking the dried camphor leaves and distilled water for 2-3 hours according to the mass ratio of 1:7, distilling the camphor leaves, controlling the distillation temperature to be 60-65 ℃, and the distillation time to be 1-2 hours, removing the distilled impurities, and collecting to obtain purified camphor leaves;
(2) mixing the purified camphor leaves and the pyrethrum flowers at a mass ratio of 2: 1 to obtain mixed raw materials, adding the mixed raw materials and absolute ethyl alcohol at a mass ratio of 20: 1 into an extraction kettle, inputting supercritical carbon dioxide fluid into the extraction kettle, extracting for 45-50 min to obtain extracted supercritical carbon dioxide fluid;
(3) and (3) introducing the extracted supercritical carbon dioxide fluid into a rectification column for separation, rectifying for 0.5-1.0 h, separating the obtained rectification liquid in a separator for 30-35 min, and obtaining the insect-proof oil.
2. The method for preparing the insect-proof anti-aging sunshade net according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the vanadium dioxide light-screening agent specifically comprises, by weight, 40-45 parts of vanadium dioxide light-screening agent, 4-5 parts of hydroxymethyl cellulose, 100-120 parts of high-density polyethylene master batch, 80-90 parts of ethylene terephthalate, 7-8 parts of carbon nano tube and 10-15 parts of nano titanium dioxide.
3. The method for preparing the insect-proof anti-aging sunshade net according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the vanadium dioxide opacifier is characterized in that the intrinsic viscosity of the polymer melt obtained in the step (1) is 0.45-0.50 dL/g.
4. The method for preparing the insect-proof anti-aging sunshade net according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the vanadium dioxide light-screening agent is prepared in the step (2) in a mixing mass ratio of the insect-proof oil to the white mineral oil of 4: 1.
5. The method for preparing the insect-proof anti-aging sunshade net according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the vanadium dioxide light screening agent is prepared by specifically preparing the insect-resistant anti-aging sunshade net control sunshade net obtained in the step (2) with the warp density of 200-250 pieces/10 cm and the weft density of 180-200 pieces/10 cm.
6. The method for preparing the insect-proof anti-aging sunshade net according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in the specific preparation step of the vanadium dioxide opacifier, the mass ratio of the solution to be reduced, the lead molybdate ore powder and the absolute ethyl alcohol is 1: 2: 5.
7. The method for preparing the insect-proof anti-aging sunshade net according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the moisture content of the camphor leaves after baking and drying in the specific preparation step (1) of the insect-proof oil is controlled to be 3-5%.
8. The method for preparing the insect-proof anti-aging sunshade net according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the insect-proof oil is prepared by controlling the extraction pressure to be 6-8 MPa and the extraction temperature to be 25-28 ℃ in the extraction process in the step (2).
9. The method for preparing the insect-proof anti-aging sunshade net according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in the specific preparation step (3), the pressure of the rectification column is controlled to be 7-8 MPa, the temperature is controlled to be 20-22 ℃ during rectification column separation, the separation pressure is controlled to be 8-10 MPa during separation of the separator, and the separation temperature is 25-30 ℃.
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