CN112921435A - Agricultural light conversion sunshade net and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Agricultural light conversion sunshade net and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112921435A CN112921435A CN202110176408.4A CN202110176408A CN112921435A CN 112921435 A CN112921435 A CN 112921435A CN 202110176408 A CN202110176408 A CN 202110176408A CN 112921435 A CN112921435 A CN 112921435A
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F6/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof
- D01F6/44—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from mixtures of polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds as major constituent with other polymers or low-molecular-weight compounds
- D01F6/46—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from mixtures of polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds as major constituent with other polymers or low-molecular-weight compounds of polyolefins
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F1/00—General methods for the manufacture of artificial filaments or the like
- D01F1/02—Addition of substances to the spinning solution or to the melt
- D01F1/10—Other agents for modifying properties
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04B—KNITTING
- D04B21/00—Warp knitting processes for the production of fabrics or articles not dependent on the use of particular machines; Fabrics or articles defined by such processes
Abstract
The invention discloses an agricultural light conversion sunshade net and a preparation method thereof, relating to the technical field of agriculture and comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: the invention belongs to the field of sun-shading nets, and particularly relates to a preparation method of an agricultural light-converting sun-shading net, wherein the light-converting agent takes a fluorescent colorant as a main component. The light conversion agent is added, so that the spectrum of the sunshade net is suitable for the growth of crops, the conversion agent is well compatible with a system, and the sunshade net has excellent mechanical properties of ageing resistance and tensile resistance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of agriculture, in particular to an agricultural light conversion sunshade net and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Sunlight is a necessary condition for plant growth, but not all bands of light in sunlight are beneficial for plant growth. The effect of light on plants is very closely related to the quality of light, i.e. the spectral composition. Each plant has a specific optimal growth spectrum, and the plant can grow rapidly, increase yield and improve quality under the optimal growth spectrum condition. However, the spectrum of sunlight striking the ground is not the optimal spectrum for crop growth. In the solar spectrum, ultraviolet light can burn plants, green light and yellow light in visible light bands are not utilized by the plants, and infrared bands can generate a large amount of heat radiation.
Two important absorption peaks of chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b in the plant to the spectrum are in a red area (600nm-700nm) and a blue area (400nm-480nm), and the absorption to green light and ultraviolet light is less, so that the fluorescent colorant can absorb the ultraviolet light to emit blue light, and absorb the green light to emit red light, thereby maximizing the utilization efficiency of light, and being used for manufacturing a light conversion sunshade net.
When sunlight penetrates through the sunshade net, ultraviolet rays (which can damage plant tissues) and green rays (which can be reflected by plants and lost) in the sunlight are absorbed and converted by the light conversion material in the film, so that blue light and red light beneficial to plant growth are released, blue and red spectrum components are increased, and the light energy utilization rate is improved. The use of the sunshade net has the following advantages: the crops grow fast, have more fruits, strong stress resistance, precocity, yield increase and good quality. Compared with the common film, the light conversion film can obviously improve the photosynthesis intensity of crops, improve the greenhouse temperature, enable fruits to have higher sugar and sugar/acid ratio, reduce the weight loss of the harvested fruits, shorten the production period, improve the crop yield, increase the vitamin C in the fruits and the like. Compared with a greenhouse film, the sunshade net can control the transmission of a spectrum more accurately, and particles are added for diffuse scattering, so that light is dispersed uniformly.
At present, China has a wide agricultural film market, but the multifunctional sunshade net cannot be widely popularized. In patent CN109796661A, some rare earth complexes are dispersed in a polymer, and although light conversion can be carried out, the light conversion efficiency is low and the service life is short; in patent CN105332091B, rutile type titanium dioxide is added to LDPE to produce a protective net for light scattering, cooling and heat radiation, but light conversion is not possible.
Although the prior art already has light-transmitting polymeric film materials or light-transmitting webs, they do not have other functions, such as sufficient light aging resistance and anti-fogging properties.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an agricultural light conversion sunshade net and a preparation method thereof, wherein the agricultural light conversion sunshade net can adjust the wavelength of solar energy and convert the wavelength into light waves required by plants, can increase the yield, improve the quality of the plants, mature and come into the market in advance, simultaneously has the functions of insect prevention, bird prevention and sunshade, and has excellent light aging resistance.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following scheme:
an agricultural light conversion sunshade net comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 60-75 parts of high-density polyethylene, 10-15 parts of light conversion agent, 5-10 parts of foaming agent, 5-10 parts of anti-ultraviolet agent and 0-5 parts of cross-linking agent, wherein the part of the cross-linking agent is not 0.
Preferably, the light conversion agent is based on a fluorescent colorant. The light conversion agent can better improve the utilization rate of sunlight, and mainly converts ultraviolet light into blue-violet light and red-orange light; the yellow green light which is not absorbed by chlorophyll is converted into red orange light, the growth period of crops can be adjusted after the conversion, the light quality of transmitted sunlight is changed, the absorption of plants on nutrient elements such as N, P, K, Zn and the like is promoted, and the product of photosynthesis in leaves is promoted.
Preferably, the fluorescent colorant comprises at least one of nile red or coumarine.
Preferably, the blowing agent comprises at least one of azodicarbonamide or diisopropyl azodicarboxylate.
Preferably, the anti-uv agent comprises at least one of triazine, benzophenone, benzotriazole or cyanoacrylate. The ultraviolet resistant agent can reduce the damage of ultraviolet light to plants and controllably regulate the photosynthesis of the plants.
Preferably, the triazine system may be at least one of 2- (4, 6-bis (2, 4-dimethylphenyl) -1,3, 5-triazin-2-yl) -5-octyloxyphenol, 2- (4, 6-diphenyl-1, 3, 5-triazine-2) -5-n-hexylalkoxyphenol or 2,4, 6-tris (2' n-butoxyphenyl) -1,3, 5-triazine.
Preferably, the benzophenone may be at least one of 2, 4-dihydroxybenzophenone, 2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone or 2-hydroxy-4-n-octoxybenzophenone.
Preferably, the benzotriazole may be at least one of 2- (2 ' -hydroxy-5 ' -methylphenyl) benzotriazole, 2- (2-hydroxy-3-tert-butyl-5-methylphenyl) -5-chlorobenzotriazole, 2- (2 ' -hydroxy-3 ', 5 ' -di-tert-phenyl) -5-chlorobenzotriazole, 2- (2-hydroxy-3, 5-ditert-pentyl-phenyl) benzotriazole or 2- (2 ' -hydroxy-4 ' -benzoyloxyphenyl) -5 chloro-2H-benzotriazole.
Preferably, the crosslinking agent comprises at least one of dicumyl peroxide, benzoyl peroxide or di-t-butyl peroxide.
The invention provides a preparation method of an agricultural light conversion sunshade net, which comprises the following steps:
(1) melting and mixing the fluorescent colorant and the polylactic acid according to the weight ratio of 1:5, cooling, grinding the obtained mixture to obtain the light conversion agent with the particle size of 5nm-300nm, wherein the melting temperature is 175-200 ℃;
(2) mixing high-density polyethylene, a foaming agent, an anti-ultraviolet agent, a cross-linking agent and the light conversion agent obtained in the step (1), foaming at 180-200 ℃, and standing for 5-10 minutes to obtain a mixture;
(3) putting the mixture obtained in the step (2) into a double-screw extruder, heating and extruding to obtain the sunshade net master batch, wherein the extrusion temperature of the double-screw extruder is 180-200 ℃;
(4) drawing the sunshade screen master batch obtained in the step (3), performing warp and weft cross weaving on the obtained yarn to obtain the agricultural light conversion sunshade screen, preferably heating the sunshade screen master batch to the temperature of 160-200 ℃ for melting, tabletting the melted mixture, performing wire drawing after tabletting to prepare round yarns and flat yarns, wherein the diameter of the round yarns is 0.1-2 mm, the width of the flat yarns is 1.0-1.2 mm, the thickness of the flat yarns is 0.05-1 mm, paving the round yarns and the flat yarns at certain intervals, and sending the paved silk yarns to a warp knitting machine. Setting a program on a warp knitting machine for knitting to obtain the agricultural light conversion sunshade net.
The invention discloses the following technical effects:
the agricultural light conversion sunshade net converts ultraviolet light into blue light, can promote plants to absorb nutrient elements such as N, P, K and the like, inhibits the production of crop stems, and promotes the growth of leaves; the green light is converted into red light, which is beneficial to the growth of stems and fruits of crops and the formation of carbohydrate.
The spectrum of the agricultural light conversion sunshade net is suitable for the growth of crops, the compatibility of the conversion agent and a system is good, and the sunshade net has excellent mechanical properties of ageing resistance and tensile resistance.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to various exemplary embodiments of the invention, the detailed description should not be construed as limiting the invention but as a more detailed description of certain aspects, features and embodiments of the invention.
It is to be understood that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. Further, for numerical ranges in this disclosure, it is understood that each intervening value, between the upper and lower limit of that range, is also specifically disclosed. Every smaller range between any stated value or intervening value in a stated range and any other stated or intervening value in a stated range is encompassed within the invention. The upper and lower limits of these smaller ranges may independently be included or excluded in the range.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. Although only preferred methods and materials are described herein, any methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein can be used in the practice or testing of the present invention. All documents mentioned in this specification are incorporated by reference herein for the purpose of disclosing and describing the methods and/or materials associated with the documents. In case of conflict with any incorporated document, the present specification will control.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made in the specific embodiments of the present disclosure without departing from the scope or spirit of the disclosure. Other embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art from consideration of the specification. The description and examples are intended to be illustrative only.
As used herein, the terms "comprising," "including," "having," "containing," and the like are open-ended terms that mean including, but not limited to.
Example 1
(1) Melting and mixing a fluorescent colorant Nile red and polylactic acid according to a weight ratio of 1:5, cooling, and grinding the obtained mixture to obtain a light conversion agent with the particle size of 5 nm;
(2) foaming 60 parts of high-density polyethylene, 15 parts of a light conversion agent, 10 parts of azodicarbonamide, 10 parts of benzotriazole and 5 parts of dicumyl peroxide at 180 ℃, and standing for 10 minutes to obtain a mixture;
(3) putting the obtained mixture into a double-screw extruder, heating, extruding and granulating to obtain the sunshade net master batch, wherein the temperature of the double-screw extruder is set to be 185 ℃;
(4) heating the obtained sunshade screen master batch to 180 ℃ for melting, tabletting the melted mixture, and drawing wires after tabletting to prepare round wires with the diameter of 1.0 mm;
(5) the round filaments were laid at 0.5 mm intervals, and the laid filaments were sent to a warp knitting machine. Setting a program on a warp knitting machine for knitting to obtain the agricultural light conversion sunshade net.
Example 2
(1) Melting and mixing a fluorescent colorant Nile red and polylactic acid at 180 ℃ according to a weight ratio of 1:5, cooling, and grinding the obtained mixture to obtain a light conversion agent with the particle size of 150 nm;
(2) foaming 75 parts of high-density polyethylene, 10 parts of a light conversion agent, 5 parts of azodicarbonamide, 5 parts of benzotriazole and 5 parts of dicumyl peroxide at 180 ℃, and standing for 10 minutes to obtain a mixture;
(3) putting the obtained mixture into a double-screw extruder, heating, extruding and granulating to obtain the sunshade net master batch, wherein the temperature of the double-screw extruder is set to 190 ℃;
(4) heating the obtained sunshade screen master batch to 180 ℃ for melting, tabletting the melted mixture, and drawing wires after tabletting to prepare round wires with the diameter of 1.0 mm;
(5) the round filaments were laid at 0.5 mm intervals, and the laid filaments were sent to a warp knitting machine. Setting a program on a warp knitting machine for knitting to obtain the agricultural light conversion sunshade net.
Example 3
(1) Melting and mixing Nile red and polylactic acid at 185 ℃ according to the weight ratio of 1:5, cooling, and grinding the obtained mixture to obtain a light conversion agent with the particle size of 300 nm;
(2) foaming 65 parts of high-density polyethylene, 12 parts of a light conversion agent, 8 parts of diisopropyl azodicarboxylate, 8 parts of cyanoacrylate and 5 parts of benzoyl peroxide at 200 ℃, and standing for 8 minutes to obtain a mixture;
(3) putting the obtained mixture into a double-screw extruder, heating, extruding and granulating to obtain the sunshade net master batch, wherein the temperature of the double-screw extruder is set to be 185 ℃;
(4) heating the obtained sunshade screen master batch to 180 ℃ for melting, tabletting the melted mixture, and drawing wires after tabletting to prepare round wires with the diameter of 1.0 mm;
(5) and (3) paving the round wires at intervals of 0.5 mm, conveying the paved wires to a warp knitting machine, and setting a program on the warp knitting machine for knitting to obtain the agricultural light-converting sunshade net.
Example 4
(1) Melting and mixing the hymecromone and the polylactic acid at the temperature of 190 ℃ according to the weight ratio of 1:5, cooling, and grinding the obtained mixture to obtain the light conversion agent with the particle size of 200 nm;
(2) foaming 65 parts of high-density polyethylene, 10 parts of a light conversion agent, 8 parts of diisopropyl azodicarboxylate, 8 parts of 2, 4-dihydroxy benzophenone and 5 parts of benzoyl peroxide at 200 ℃, and standing for 8 minutes to obtain a mixture;
(3) putting the obtained mixture into a double-screw extruder, heating, extruding and granulating to obtain the sunshade net master batch, wherein the temperature of the double-screw extruder is set to 190 ℃;
(4) heating the obtained sunshade net master batch to 180 ℃ for melting, tabletting the melted mixture, and drawing wires after tabletting to prepare flat wires, wherein the width of the flat wires is 1.8 mm, and the thickness of the flat wires is 0.05 mm.
(5) The round yarns were laid at intervals of 1.0 mm, and the laid yarns were sent to a warp knitting machine. Setting a program on a warp knitting machine for knitting to obtain the agricultural light conversion sunshade net.
Example 5
(1) Melting and mixing hymecromone and polylactic acid at 195 ℃ according to the weight ratio of 1:5, cooling, and grinding the obtained mixture to obtain a light conversion agent with the particle size of 250 nm;
(2) foaming 70 parts of high-density polyethylene, 12 parts of a light conversion agent, 8 parts of diisopropyl azodicarboxylate, 8 parts of 2- (4, 6-diphenyl-1, 3, 5-triazine-2) -5-n-hexylalkoxy phenol and 5 parts of di-tert-butyl peroxide at 200 ℃, and standing for 5 minutes to obtain a mixture;
(3) putting the obtained mixture into a double-screw extruder, heating, extruding and granulating to obtain the sunshade net master batch, wherein the temperature of the double-screw extruder is set to be 180 ℃;
(4) heating the obtained sunshade screen master batch to 180 ℃ for melting, tabletting the melted mixture, and drawing wires after tabletting to prepare round wires and flat wires, wherein the diameter of the round wires is 1.0 mm; the width of the flat filament is 1.2 mm, and the thickness of the flat filament is 0.1 mm;
(5) the round and flat filaments were laid at 0.8 mm intervals, and the laid filaments were sent to a warp knitting machine. Setting a program on a warp knitting machine for knitting to obtain the agricultural light conversion sunshade net
Example 6
(1) Melting and mixing a mixture of the hydroxymethyl coumarin and the nile red with polylactic acid at 185 ℃ according to a weight ratio of 1:5, cooling, grinding the obtained mixture to obtain a light conversion agent with the particle size of 250nm, wherein the weight ratio of the hydroxymethyl coumarin to the nile red is 1: 1, mixing;
(2) foaming 70 parts of high-density polyethylene, 12 parts of a light conversion agent, 8 parts of a mixture of azodicarbonamide and diisopropyl azodicarboxylate (mixing mass ratio 1: 1), 8 parts of a mixture of cyanoacrylate and benzotriazole (mixing mass ratio 1: 1), 5 parts of a mixture of dicumyl peroxide and benzoyl peroxide (mixing mass ratio 1: 1) at 200 ℃ and standing for 5 minutes to obtain a mixture;
(3) putting the obtained mixture into a double-screw extruder, heating, extruding and granulating to obtain the sunshade net master batch, wherein the temperature of the double-screw extruder is set to be 180 ℃;
(4) heating the obtained sunshade screen master batch to 180 ℃ for melting, tabletting the melted mixture, and drawing wires after tabletting to prepare round wires and flat wires, wherein the diameter of the round wires is 0.8 mm; the width of the flat filament is 1.2 mm, and the thickness of the flat filament is 0.05 mm;
(5) and (3) paving the round wires at intervals of 1.0 mm, conveying the paved wires to a warp knitting machine, and setting a program on the warp knitting machine for knitting to obtain the agricultural light-converting sunshade net.
Example 7
(1) Melting and mixing fluorescent colorant of coumarins and polylactic acid at 195 ℃ according to the weight ratio of 1:5, cooling, and grinding the obtained mixture to obtain a light conversion agent with the particle size of 100 nm;
(2) foaming 72 parts of high-density polyethylene, 13 parts of a light conversion agent, 7 parts of azodicarbonamide, 7 parts of benzotriazole and 3 parts of dicumyl peroxide at 180 ℃, and standing for 10 minutes to obtain a mixture;
(3) putting the obtained mixture into a double-screw extruder, heating, extruding and granulating to obtain the sunshade net master batch, wherein the temperature of the double-screw extruder is set to be 185 ℃;
(4) heating the obtained sunshade screen master batch to 180 ℃ for melting, tabletting the melted mixture, and drawing wires after tabletting to prepare round wires with the diameter of 0.5 mm.
(5) The round filaments were laid at 0.5 mm and the laid filaments were sent to a warp knitting machine. Setting a program on a warp knitting machine for knitting to obtain the agricultural light conversion sunshade net.
Comparative example 1
(1) Foaming 65 parts of high-density polyethylene, 12 parts of nile red, 6 parts of diisopropyl azodicarboxylate, 6 parts of cyanoacrylate and 3 parts of benzoyl peroxide at 200 ℃, and standing for 8 minutes to obtain a mixture;
(2) putting the obtained mixture into an extruder, heating and extruding to obtain master batches;
(3) and drawing the obtained master batch, and performing warp and weft cross weaving on the obtained filament to obtain the sunshade net.
Comparative example 2
The only difference from example 3 is that no crosslinker was added.
Comparative example 3
The difference from example 3 is only that no blowing agent is added.
In the environment with the temperature of 60 ℃ and the relative humidity of 55%, the height of the UVA-340 ultraviolet lamp tube from the sample is 15cm, and the illumination intensity is 0.5W/m2Standing for 2 hours after 168 hours of ultraviolet irradiation, and measuring the transverse tearing resistance and the elongation at break of the agricultural light conversion sunshade net before and after the ultraviolet irradiation, wherein the results are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1
The shade nets prepared in examples and comparative examples were measured for insect avoidance rate without and after washing with water, and white shade nets were used as controls, and the results of the measurements are shown in Table 2.
TABLE 2
| Avoidance Rate/% before washing | Avoidance Rate/% after Water washing | |
| Control | 90.0 | 90.2 |
| Example 1 | 98.5 | 97.4 |
| Example 2 | 97.6 | 96.8 |
| Example 3 | 98.4 | 95.9 |
| Example 4 | 97.2 | 96.3 |
| Example 5 | 97.8 | 96.5 |
| Example 6 | 98.3 | 97.6 |
| Example 7 | 98.7 | 96,9 |
| Comparative example 1 | 84.5 | 83.2 |
| Comparative example 2 | 83.6 | 82.9 |
| Comparative example 3 | 82.6 | 80.6 |
The results of measuring Soluble Solids (SSC), Titratable Acid (TA), ascorbic acid, lycopene, beta-carotene when the agricultural light-transmitting sunshade net prepared in examples 1-4 was used in the growth process of tomato are shown in Table 3.
TABLE 3
As can be seen from tables 1-3, the agricultural light conversion sunshade net of the invention effectively converts ultraviolet light and yellow-green light into red orange light required by tomato fruit growth, and the average content values of soluble solids, titratable acid, ascorbic acid, lycopene and beta-carotene are respectively 4.0%, 0.4%, 20.05mg/100g, 14.03 mu g/g and 0.1324 mu g/g, which are all higher than that of the uncovered comparative group; the average single weight of the tomatoes of examples 1-4 is about 205g, and the yield is increased by 14-20%.
The above-described embodiments are merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the present invention, and various modifications and improvements of the technical solutions of the present invention can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and the technical solutions of the present invention are within the scope of the present invention defined by the claims.
Claims (7)
1. An agricultural light conversion sunshade net is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 60-75 parts of high-density polyethylene, 10-15 parts of light conversion agent, 5-10 parts of foaming agent, 5-10 parts of anti-ultraviolet agent and 0-5 parts of cross-linking agent, wherein the part of the cross-linking agent is not 0.
2. An agricultural light-converting sunshade net according to claim 1, wherein said light converting agent is based on a fluorescent colorant.
3. An agricultural light-converting sunshade net according to claim 2, wherein said fluorescent colorant includes at least one of nile red or coumarine.
4. The agricultural light-transmitting sunshade net of claim 1, wherein said foaming agent comprises at least one of azodicarbonamide or diisopropyl azodicarboxylate.
5. The agricultural light-converting sunshade net of claim 1, wherein said anti-ultraviolet agent comprises at least one of triazine, benzophenone, benzotriazole or cyanoacrylate.
6. An agricultural light-transmitting sunshade net according to claim 1, wherein said cross-linking agent comprises at least one of dicumyl peroxide, benzoyl peroxide or di-t-butyl peroxide.
7. A method for preparing an agricultural light-converting sunshade net according to any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising the steps of:
(1) melting and mixing a fluorescent colorant and polylactic acid according to a weight ratio of 1:5, cooling, and grinding the obtained mixture to obtain a light conversion agent with the particle size of 5nm-300 nm;
(2) mixing high-density polyethylene, a foaming agent, an anti-ultraviolet agent, a cross-linking agent and the light conversion agent obtained in the step (1), foaming at 180-200 ℃, and standing for 5-10 minutes to obtain a mixture;
(3) putting the mixture obtained in the step (2) into an extruder, heating and extruding to obtain the sunshade net master batch;
(4) and (4) drawing the sunshade net master batch obtained in the step (3), and performing warp and weft cross weaving on the obtained filament to obtain the sunshade net.
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| CN113429662A (en) * | 2021-08-10 | 2021-09-24 | 绿地遮阳有限公司 | Bright color-changing sunshade net and preparation method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20210608 |