CN110739823B - Permanent magnet driving motor of electric automobile - Google Patents
Permanent magnet driving motor of electric automobile Download PDFInfo
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- CN110739823B CN110739823B CN201911268451.2A CN201911268451A CN110739823B CN 110739823 B CN110739823 B CN 110739823B CN 201911268451 A CN201911268451 A CN 201911268451A CN 110739823 B CN110739823 B CN 110739823B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K21/00—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets
- H02K21/12—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets
- H02K21/14—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets with magnets rotating within the armatures
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
- H02K1/12—Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/16—Stator cores with slots for windings
- H02K1/165—Shape, form or location of the slots
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K3/00—Details of windings
- H02K3/04—Windings characterised by the conductor shape, form or construction, e.g. with bar conductors
- H02K3/12—Windings characterised by the conductor shape, form or construction, e.g. with bar conductors arranged in slots
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K3/00—Details of windings
- H02K3/04—Windings characterised by the conductor shape, form or construction, e.g. with bar conductors
- H02K3/28—Layout of windings or of connections between windings
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K2213/00—Specific aspects, not otherwise provided for and not covered by codes H02K2201/00 - H02K2211/00
- H02K2213/03—Machines characterised by numerical values, ranges, mathematical expressions or similar information
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/64—Electric machine technologies in electromobility
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Permanent Magnet Type Synchronous Machine (AREA)
Abstract
The utility model provides an electric automobile permanent magnetism driving motor which characterized in that: the permanent magnet motor comprises a shaft, a rotor iron core, a permanent magnet, an armature iron core, a main armature winding, an auxiliary armature winding and a motor shell; the number of the permanent magnets is four, the permanent magnets are fixed on the iron core of the rotor in a surface protruding or embedded mode, and the permanent magnets are magnetized in the radial direction; an armature groove is arranged between the two armature teeth, distributed armature windings are wound in the armature groove, and the winding directions of the adjacent armature windings are opposite; the 1 st, 5 th, 9 th, 13 th, 17 th, 21 th, 25 th, 29 th, 33 th, 37 th, 41 th and 45 th armature grooves in the clockwise direction are wide armature grooves, the rest 36 armature grooves are narrow armature grooves, and the cross-sectional area of the wide armature grooves is 3 times that of the narrow armature grooves; the included angle of the center lines of two adjacent armature grooves is 7.5 degrees. Compared with the traditional permanent magnet driving motor, the permanent magnet driving motor has the advantage that the torque pulsation of the permanent magnet driving motor is effectively reduced by adopting a long-distance and short-distance winding mode of the main armature winding and the auxiliary armature winding.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a permanent magnet driving motor of an electric automobile, and belongs to the technical field of automobile motor electric appliances.
Background
The electric automobile is a vehicle which takes a vehicle-mounted power supply as power and drives wheels to run by using a motor, and meets various requirements of road traffic and safety regulations. Because the influence on the environment is smaller than that of the traditional automobile, the prospect is widely seen. The energy problem is one of the key problems in the twenty-first century, the motor is used as the largest consumption object of electric energy, the implementation of energy conservation and emission reduction is influenced to a great extent, and the development and design of the energy-saving and efficient motor have important significance on energy conservation and emission reduction. The permanent magnet synchronous motor has the advantages of simple structure, high efficiency, large power factor, no need of excitation windings and the like, and is concerned by countries in the world.
The permanent magnet synchronous motor is a motor which generates a synchronous rotating magnetic field through permanent magnet excitation. Classifying according to the structure of the permanent magnet: surface Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machines (SPMSM), Interior Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machines (IPMSM). Classifying according to the waveform of the induction potential of the stator winding: sine wave permanent magnet synchronous motor, brushless permanent magnet DC motor. Besides the advantages, the permanent magnet synchronous motor also has the advantages of simple structure, light weight and the like. However, the permanent magnet synchronous motor has the defects of difficult starting, poor shock resistance, high total harmonic content, easy influence of armature reaction and the like.
In view of these disadvantages, some solutions for permanent magnet synchronous motors have been proposed. For example: the published Chinese patent: permanent magnet synchronous motor, application number: 201610459737.9, it discloses a rotor structure of permanent magnet synchronous motor with hollow magnetism isolating ring, the rotor body is opened with a sliding groove and is installed with a magnetic field shielding block, the change of the rotating speed can drive the position change of the magnetic field shielding block, thereby reducing the leakage flux and increasing the excitation flux. The published Chinese patent: asymmetric permanent-magnet machine for new energy automobile, application number: 201610004524.7, it discloses a permanent magnet motor with asymmetric magnetic steel, combining several permanent magnets into a U-shaped structure, reducing the moment fluctuation, making the radial force of d axis and q axis tend to balance, reducing the mechanical vibration and noise, and improving the comprehensive performance of the motor. The published Chinese patent: PMSM rotor and PMSM, application number: 201510562547.5, a novel motor structure is disclosed, wherein a radial permanent magnet is added between two V-shaped permanent magnets, and the polarity of the radial permanent magnet is the same as that of the permanent magnets at two adjacent sides, so as to optimize the air gap magnetic field waveform and reduce the cogging torque.
At present, most permanent magnet synchronous motors adopt centralized windings, although the permanent magnet synchronous motors are simple in structure, the permanent magnet synchronous motors simultaneously have the disadvantages of overlarge cogging torque, overlarge torque pulsation, easy adverse influence of armature reaction on air gap flux density and the like, and the efficiency and the stability of the permanent magnet synchronous motors are not improved.
The invention provides a permanent magnet driving motor of an electric automobile on the basis of ensuring that the cost of the motor is not changed excessively and the manufacturing process is not difficult to increase, wherein the driving motor is of an inner rotor structure and comprises a shaft, a rotor core, a permanent magnet, an armature core, a main armature winding, an auxiliary armature winding and a motor shell; the number of the permanent magnets is four, and the permanent magnets are fixed on the rotor iron core in a surface protruding or embedded mode; there is the armature groove between two armature teeth, and the armature groove divide into wide armature groove and narrow armature groove, around having the eccentric armature winding of distributing type in the armature groove: a first armature winding, a second armature winding, and a third armature winding.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention discloses a permanent magnet driving motor of an electric automobile, which optimizes an armature slot and adopts a distributed eccentric winding on the premise of ensuring that the cost of the motor is not changed excessively and the difficulty of a manufacturing process is not increased: the purpose of reducing the torque ripple of the motor is achieved by the aid of the first armature winding, the second armature winding and the third armature winding, and the technical scheme is as follows:
a permanent magnet driving motor of an electric automobile comprises a shaft, a rotor core, a permanent magnet, an armature core, a main armature winding, an auxiliary armature winding and a motor shell.
An armature groove is arranged between the two armature teeth, distributed eccentric armature windings are wound in the armature groove, and the winding directions of the adjacent armature windings are opposite; the motor is provided with 48 armature grooves, wherein the 1 st, 5 th, 9 th, 13 th, 17 th, 21 th, 25 th, 29 th, 33 th, 37 th, 41 th and 45 th armature grooves in the clockwise direction are wide armature grooves, and the rest 36 armature grooves are narrow armature grooves.
The wide armature slot cross-sectional area is 3 times the narrow armature slot cross-sectional area.
The included angle of the center lines of two adjacent armature grooves is 7.5 degrees.
The armature winding on the armature pole of the permanent magnet driving motor of the electric automobile is divided into a first armature winding, a second armature winding and a third armature winding, wherein the first armature winding is wound across four continuous armature slots, namely from a 4n-3 wide armature slot to a 4n narrow armature slot, wherein n is a positive integer; a second armature winding is wound on the 4n-3 wide armature slot to the 4n-1 narrow armature slot along the clockwise direction; the third armature winding is wound from the 4n-3 wide armature slot to the 4n-2 narrow armature slot.
And the first armature winding, the second armature winding and the third armature winding which are wound on the 4n-3 th wide armature slot are connected in series to form a module coil.
The permanent magnet driving motor of the electric automobile comprises module coils consisting of 1 st, 2 nd, 3 rd and 4 th armature windings, module coils consisting of 12+1 th, 12+2 th, 12+3 th and 12+4 th armature windings and … … (and the like) which are connected in series along the circumferential direction to form an A-phase armature winding; the module coils consisting of 5 th, 6 th, 7 th and 8 th armature windings and the module coils consisting of 12+5 th, 12+6 th, 12+7 th and 12+8 th armature windings, … … (and the like) are connected in series to form a B-phase armature winding; the module coils consisting of the 9 th, 10 th, 11 th and 12 th armature windings and the module coils consisting of the 12+9 th, 12+10 th, 12+11 th and 12+12 th armature windings, … … (and the like) are connected in series to form the C-phase armature winding.
The turn ratio of the first armature winding, the second armature winding and the third armature winding is preferably 0.8: 0.15: 0.05.
the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the first armature winding, the second armature winding and the third armature winding form the long-distance winding and the short-distance winding, so that the torque pulsation of the permanent magnet driving motor is effectively reduced.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a diagram of a permanent magnet driving motor for an electric vehicle according to the present invention. The permanent magnet motor comprises a stator 1, a wide armature slot 2, an armature winding 3, a narrow armature slot 4, an armature core 5, a permanent magnet 6, a rotor core 7 and a shaft.
Fig. 2 is a diagram of a permanent magnet drive 1/4 motor for an electric vehicle according to the present invention. 8, a first armature winding 9, a second armature winding 10 and a third armature winding.
Fig. 3 is a torque diagram of a permanent magnet driving motor of an electric vehicle according to the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a wiring diagram of a permanent magnet driving motor of an electric vehicle according to the present invention.
Detailed description of the preferred embodiments
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The invention discloses a permanent magnet driving motor diagram of an electric automobile as shown in figure 1, wherein the motor comprises a shaft, a rotor core, a permanent magnet, an armature core, a main armature winding, an auxiliary armature winding and a motor shell, and the driving motor is of an inner rotor structure.
The number of the permanent magnets is four, the permanent magnets are fixed on the iron core of the rotor in a surface protruding or embedded mode, and the permanent magnets are magnetized in the radial direction.
An armature groove is arranged between the two armature teeth, distributed eccentric armature windings are wound in the armature groove, and the winding directions of the adjacent armature windings are opposite; the motor has 48 armature grooves, the 1 st, 5 th, 9 th, 13 th, 17 th, 21 th, 25 th, 29 th, 33 th, 37 th, 41 th and 45 th armature grooves in the clockwise direction are wide armature grooves, the rest 36 armature grooves are narrow armature grooves, and the cross section area of the wide armature grooves is 3 times of that of the narrow armature grooves.
The included angle of the center lines of two adjacent armature grooves is 7.5 degrees.
Along the circumferential direction, the modular coils consisting of the 1 st, the 2 nd, the 3 rd and the 4 th armature windings and the modular coils consisting of the 12+1 th, the 12+2 th, the 12+3 th and the 12+4 th armature windings, … … (and the like) are connected in series to form an A-phase armature winding; the module coils consisting of 5 th, 6 th, 7 th and 8 th armature windings and the module coils consisting of 12+5 th, 12+6 th, 12+7 th and 12+8 th armature windings, … … (and the like) are connected in series to form a B-phase armature winding; the module coils consisting of the 9 th, 10 th, 11 th and 12 th armature windings and the module coils consisting of the 12+9 th, 12+10 th, 12+11 th and 12+12 th armature windings, … … (and the like) are connected in series to form the C-phase armature winding.
As shown in fig. 3, according to the torque diagram of the permanent magnet driving motor of the electric vehicle, the first armature winding, the second armature winding and the third armature winding form a long-distance winding and a short-distance winding, so that torque pulsation of the permanent magnet driving motor is effectively reduced.
The basic principle of this application is:
because the magnetic field that permanent magnet produced among the permanent-magnet machine produces the torque with armature groove interact, arouses periodic torque ripple, so under the prerequisite of guaranteeing that the motor cost does not take place too big change and manufacturing process does not increase the degree of difficulty, optimize the armature groove and adopt wide armature groove and narrow armature groove and adopt the eccentric winding of distributing type: the first armature winding, the second armature winding and the third armature winding form a long-distance winding and a short-distance winding so as to achieve the purpose of reducing the torque pulsation of the motor.
The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the spirit of the invention. Various modifications or additions may be made to the described embodiments or alternatives may be employed by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit or ambit of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (3)
1. The utility model provides an electric automobile permanent magnetism driving motor which characterized in that: the permanent magnet motor comprises a shaft, a rotor iron core, a permanent magnet, an armature iron core, a main armature winding, an auxiliary armature winding and a motor shell;
the number of the permanent magnets is four, the permanent magnets are fixed on the iron core of the rotor in a surface protruding or embedded mode, and the permanent magnets are magnetized in the radial direction;
an armature groove is arranged between the two armature teeth, distributed armature windings are wound in the armature groove, and the winding directions of the adjacent armature windings are opposite;
the number of the driving motors is 48, the 1 st, 5 th, 9 th, 13 th, 17 th, 21 th, 25 th, 29 th, 33 th, 37 th, 41 th and 45 th armature slots are wide armature slots clockwise along the circumferential direction, the rest 36 armature slots are narrow armature slots, and the cross-sectional area of the wide armature slots is 3 times that of the narrow armature slots; the included angle of the central lines of two adjacent armature grooves is 7.5 degrees;
the armature windings in the armature slots are divided into a first armature winding, a second armature winding and a third armature winding, the first armature winding is wound across four continuous armature slots, namely from a 4n-3 wide armature slot to a 4n narrow armature slot, wherein n is a positive integer; a second armature winding is wound from the 4n-3 wide armature slot to the 4n-1 narrow armature slot in the clockwise direction; winding a third armature winding from the 4n-3 wide armature slot to the 4n-2 narrow armature slot; the first armature winding, the second armature winding and the third armature winding form an eccentric armature winding; and the first armature winding, the second armature winding and the third armature winding which are simultaneously wound in the 4n-3 wide armature slots are connected in series to form a module coil.
2. The permanent magnet driving motor for the electric vehicle as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the module coils consisting of the first armature winding, the second armature winding and the third armature winding in the 1 st, the 2 nd, the 3 rd and the 4 th armature slots in the circumferential direction, and the module coils consisting of the first armature winding, the second armature winding and the third armature winding in the 12+1 th, the 12+2 th, the 12+3 th and the 12+4 th armature slots, … … (and the like) are connected in series to form an A-phase armature winding; the modular coils consisting of the first armature winding, the second armature winding and the third armature winding in the 5 th, the 6 th, the 7 th and the 8 th armature slots, the modular coils consisting of the first armature winding, the second armature winding and the third armature winding in the 12+5 th, the 12+6 th, the 12+7 th and the 12+8 th armature slots, and … … (and the like) are connected in series to form a B-phase armature winding; the module coils consisting of the first armature winding, the second armature winding and the third armature winding in the 9 th, the 10 th, the 11 th and the 12 th armature slots and the module coils consisting of the first armature winding, the second armature winding and the third armature winding in the 12+9 th, the 12+10 th, the 12+11 th and the 12+12 th armature slots, … … (and the like) are connected in series to form the C-phase armature winding.
3. The permanent magnet driving motor for electric vehicle of claim 1, wherein the turn ratio of the first armature winding, the second armature winding and the third armature winding is 0.8: 0.15: 0.05.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911268451.2A CN110739823B (en) | 2019-12-11 | 2019-12-11 | Permanent magnet driving motor of electric automobile |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911268451.2A CN110739823B (en) | 2019-12-11 | 2019-12-11 | Permanent magnet driving motor of electric automobile |
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| CN110739823A CN110739823A (en) | 2020-01-31 |
| CN110739823B true CN110739823B (en) | 2021-05-11 |
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Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JP3604577B2 (en) * | 1999-02-26 | 2004-12-22 | 三菱電機株式会社 | DC motor |
| CN100338847C (en) * | 2005-04-29 | 2007-09-19 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Brushless DC electric machine in structure of short magnetic circuit |
| EP2224578A1 (en) * | 2009-02-27 | 2010-09-01 | ABB Research Ltd. | Stator winding scheme of a permanent magnet machine |
| CN108832736A (en) * | 2018-06-27 | 2018-11-16 | 珠海格力节能环保制冷技术研究中心有限公司 | A kind of special-shaped groove motor, stator and winding connection |
| CN109194075B (en) * | 2018-09-13 | 2020-04-07 | 天津大学 | Double-layer long-short-distance hybrid winding suitable for 36-slot 14-pole three-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor |
| CN110556931B (en) * | 2019-09-24 | 2021-07-06 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Modularized multi-phase alternating current fault-tolerant motor |
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