CN104882978A - Low-torque-ripple high-efficient permanent magnetic motor stator and rotor structure - Google Patents
Low-torque-ripple high-efficient permanent magnetic motor stator and rotor structure Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种低转矩脉动高效率永磁电机定转子结构,包括定子和转子,定子采用梨形平底槽,定子外圆上对应于定子齿部中央处开有不规则槽。转子外圆由若干个四段圆弧构成,在转子上设置有若干个用于嵌入永磁体的槽。所述的永磁体槽为平底V字形槽,在V字形槽的左右两个槽的顶部设置有防止永磁体移动的锲形槽,且在左右槽内嵌有永磁体。相邻的平底V字形槽的顶部之间设置有加强筋。本发明与现有内置V形永磁体电机相比,降低了永磁体的漏磁,提高了永磁体的利用率;增加了凸极效应,充分利用磁阻转矩,提高了电机的效率和功率密度;改善了气隙磁密波形,减小了齿槽转矩和转矩脉动,有效的降低了铁心损耗和涡流损耗。
The invention relates to a stator-rotor structure of a low-torque pulsation high-efficiency permanent magnet motor, including a stator and a rotor. The stator adopts a pear-shaped flat-bottomed groove, and an irregular groove is formed on the outer circle of the stator corresponding to the center of the stator teeth. The outer circle of the rotor is composed of several four-segment arcs, and several slots for embedding permanent magnets are arranged on the rotor. The permanent magnet groove is a flat-bottomed V-shaped groove, wedge-shaped grooves are arranged on the top of the left and right grooves of the V-shaped groove to prevent the permanent magnet from moving, and permanent magnets are embedded in the left and right grooves. Reinforcing ribs are arranged between the tops of adjacent flat-bottomed V-shaped grooves. Compared with the existing built-in V-shaped permanent magnet motor, the present invention reduces the flux leakage of the permanent magnet, improves the utilization rate of the permanent magnet; increases the salient pole effect, fully utilizes the reluctance torque, and improves the efficiency and power of the motor Density: Improved air gap magnetic density waveform, reduced cogging torque and torque ripple, and effectively reduced core loss and eddy current loss.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及一种永磁电机定转子结构,尤其是一种转子内置“V”字形永磁体的永磁电机,适用于压缩机、空调、电动工具和电动汽车等应用场合,属于电机技术领域。The invention relates to a stator-rotor structure of a permanent magnet motor, in particular to a permanent magnet motor with a "V"-shaped permanent magnet built in the rotor, which is suitable for applications such as compressors, air conditioners, electric tools and electric vehicles, and belongs to the technical field of motors.
背景技术Background technique
随着稀土永磁材料的发展,永磁电机在国民经济各个领域中的应用越来越广泛。由于永磁无刷电机具有高效率、高功率密度、高可靠性等显著特点,且结构设计多种多样,因此对永磁电机结构的优化设计,能够最大限度的提高效率等性能。With the development of rare earth permanent magnet materials, permanent magnet motors are more and more widely used in various fields of national economy. Since the permanent magnet brushless motor has remarkable characteristics such as high efficiency, high power density, and high reliability, and has a variety of structural designs, the optimal design of the permanent magnet motor structure can maximize efficiency and other performance.
内置V型永磁体电机是一种常见的内置式永磁电机,其工作原理是:定子绕组电励磁产生的旋转磁场,与转子中内置的永磁体产生的磁场相互作用使得转子旋转;由于永磁体被嵌入转子,永磁体被铁磁材料包围,容易导致磁极间漏磁,当电机旋转时造成气隙波形畸变,其径向分量会造成定子与转子间的振动,并导致电机固有性能的下降。因此,合理的设计转子磁路结构、转子永磁体槽型及定子磁路结构,对提高电机效率和电机动态性能具有重要的理论意义和经济价值。The built-in V-shaped permanent magnet motor is a common built-in permanent magnet motor. Its working principle is: the rotating magnetic field generated by the electric excitation of the stator winding interacts with the magnetic field generated by the built-in permanent magnet in the rotor to make the rotor rotate; because the permanent magnet Embedded in the rotor, the permanent magnets are surrounded by ferromagnetic materials, which easily lead to magnetic flux leakage between the poles. When the motor rotates, the air gap waveform is distorted, and its radial component will cause vibration between the stator and the rotor, and lead to a decline in the inherent performance of the motor. Therefore, reasonable design of rotor magnetic circuit structure, rotor permanent magnet slot type and stator magnetic circuit structure has important theoretical significance and economic value for improving motor efficiency and motor dynamic performance.
发明内容Contents of the invention
技术问题:本发明的目的是提供一种内置V字形永磁电机的定、转子结构,采用该结构可以减少铁心损耗及涡流损耗,降低转矩脉动,实现电机高效率、低噪音及低转矩脉动运行,提高电机的工作性能。Technical problem: The purpose of this invention is to provide a stator and rotor structure with a built-in V-shaped permanent magnet motor. Using this structure can reduce core loss and eddy current loss, reduce torque ripple, and achieve high motor efficiency, low noise and low torque. Pulsating operation improves the working performance of the motor.
技术方案:本发明所采用的技术方案是通过改变转子外圆结构和内置永磁体槽型,进而改善气隙磁密波形,并通过优化定子槽型和外圆形状,改善磁路路径,有效降低电机铁心损耗、涡流损耗和绕组铜耗。本发明的一种低转矩脉动高效率永磁电机定、转子结构具有以下特征:转子外圆由若干个四段圆弧首尾相连构成,在转子上设置有相对应的若干个用于嵌入永磁体的槽,在定子靠近转子处设置若干定子槽,每两个定子槽之间形成定子齿,所述定子槽槽型为梨形平底半闭口槽。Technical solution: The technical solution adopted in the present invention is to improve the air-gap magnetic density waveform by changing the outer circle structure of the rotor and the groove shape of the built-in permanent magnet, and to improve the magnetic circuit path by optimizing the stator groove shape and outer circle shape, effectively reducing the Motor core loss, eddy current loss and winding copper loss. The stator and rotor structure of a low-torque pulsation high-efficiency permanent magnet motor of the present invention has the following characteristics: the outer circle of the rotor is composed of several four-segment circular arcs connected end to end, and the rotor is provided with a number of corresponding ones for embedding permanent magnets. For the slots of the magnet, several stator slots are arranged near the rotor, and stator teeth are formed between every two stator slots.
所述四段圆弧为两段向内凹陷的第一圆弧,其所占转子外圆的角度为α3;一段较长向外凸起的第二圆弧,其所占转子外圆的角度为α1;一段较短向外凸起的第三圆弧,其所占转子外圆的角度为α2,α2的取值范围为0.5~0.45倍的α1,α3的取值范围为0.01~0.1倍的α1,且2α3+α2+α1=180°/p,p为极对数。The four arcs are two inwardly concave first arcs, which occupy an angle of α 3 from the outer circle of the rotor; The angle is α 1 ; a short third circular arc protruding outward occupies an angle of α 2 in the outer circle of the rotor, and the value range of α 2 is 0.5 to 0.45 times the value of α 1 and α 3 The range is 0.01 to 0.1 times α 1 , and 2α 3 +α 2 +α 1 =180°/p, where p is the pole logarithm.
所述第一圆弧由三段圆弧构成,其中第四圆弧与第六圆弧关于角α3的中心线对称,第四圆弧与第六圆弧的圆弧角度为α4,第四圆弧与第六圆弧的圆心分别与转子圆心的连线形成的夹角为α6。第五圆弧的圆心在角α3的中心线,其圆弧角度为α5,α4取值范围为8~16倍的α1,α5取值范围为100°~300°,α6取值范围为1.5~5倍的α1。The first circular arc is composed of three circular arcs, wherein the fourth circular arc and the sixth circular arc are symmetrical about the center line of the angle α 3 , the arc angle between the fourth circular arc and the sixth circular arc is α 4 , and the The included angle formed by the lines connecting the centers of the four arcs and the sixth arc with the center of the rotor respectively is α 6 . The center of the fifth arc is at the center line of the angle α 3 , the arc angle is α 5 , the value range of α 4 is 8 to 16 times of α 1 , the value range of α 5 is 100° to 300°, α 6 The value range is 1.5 to 5 times of α 1 .
所述永磁体槽为平底“V”字形槽,在“V”字形槽的左右两个槽内嵌有永磁体,“V”字形向定子外圆张开的角度为2α3+α1,在所述平底“V”字形槽的“V”字形的左右两边的顶部设置有防止永磁体移动的楔形槽,平底“V”字形槽平底宽度为O1,平底距转子圆心的距离为O2,O1与O2的比值为0.45~0.65。两个相邻的平底“V”字形槽的顶部之间设置有加强转子结构强度和隔磁作用的加强筋,其宽度为Ri,且Ri为0.3~0.5倍的O1。The permanent magnet groove is a flat-bottomed "V"-shaped groove, and permanent magnets are embedded in the left and right grooves of the "V"-shaped groove. The angle of the "V" shape to the outer circle of the stator is 2α 3 +α 1 The tops of the left and right sides of the "V" shape of the flat - bottomed "V"-shaped groove are provided with wedge - shaped grooves to prevent permanent magnets from moving. The ratio of O 1 to O 2 is 0.45-0.65. Between the tops of two adjacent flat-bottomed "V"-shaped grooves, there is a reinforcing rib to strengthen the structural strength of the rotor and the magnetic isolation effect, the width of which is R i , and R i is 0.3-0.5 times O 1 .
还包括的第一不规则槽或者第二不规则槽,第一不规则槽或者第二不规则槽分布在定子齿部相对的外圆上,其所占定子外圆圆弧角度为α7,It also includes the first irregular groove or the second irregular groove, the first irregular groove or the second irregular groove is distributed on the outer circle opposite to the stator teeth, and the arc angle of the stator outer circle occupied by it is α 7 ,
本发明的一种低转矩脉动高效率永磁电机的定转子结构,相比现有技术,具有以下有益效果:Compared with the prior art, the stator-rotor structure of a low-torque pulsation high-efficiency permanent magnet motor of the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
1)采用的平底“V”字形槽结构,降低了永磁体的漏磁,提高了永磁体的利用率;增加了电机的凸极效应,充分利用磁阻转矩,提高了电机的效率和功率密度。1) The flat-bottomed "V"-shaped groove structure reduces the leakage flux of the permanent magnet and improves the utilization rate of the permanent magnet; increases the salient pole effect of the motor, makes full use of the reluctance torque, and improves the efficiency and power of the motor density.
2)采用的若干四段圆弧构成转子外圆结构,降低了齿槽转矩和转矩脉动,改善了气隙磁密波形,有效的降低了转子涡流损耗和铁耗。2) Several four-segment arcs are used to form the outer circle structure of the rotor, which reduces the cogging torque and torque ripple, improves the air gap flux density waveform, and effectively reduces the rotor eddy current loss and iron loss.
3)采用的定子外圆开有不规则槽,改善了定子磁通路径,降低了定子涡流损耗和铁耗。采用的平底梨形槽结构,充分利用了槽面积,使得绕组绕制更加容易,利于机器绕线,并提高了轭部宽度,有利于降低轭部铁耗。3) The outer circle of the stator is provided with irregular slots, which improves the magnetic flux path of the stator and reduces the eddy current loss and iron loss of the stator. The flat-bottomed pear-shaped groove structure makes full use of the groove area, making winding winding easier, which is beneficial to machine winding, and increases the width of the yoke, which is beneficial to reducing the iron loss of the yoke.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为转子外圆结构和永磁体槽型结构图。Figure 1 is a diagram of the outer circle structure of the rotor and the groove structure of the permanent magnet.
图2为转子外圆圆弧1结构图。FIG. 2 is a structure diagram of the outer circle arc 1 of the rotor.
图3为定子第一种实施例结构图。Fig. 3 is a structure diagram of the first embodiment of the stator.
图4为定子第二种实施例结构图Figure 4 is a structural diagram of the second embodiment of the stator
图5为本发明的结构图。Fig. 5 is a structural diagram of the present invention.
图中:1为第一圆弧,2为第二圆弧,3为第三圆弧,4为楔形槽,5为第四圆弧,6为第五圆弧,7为第六圆弧,8-1为第一不规则槽,8-2为第二不规则槽,9为定子槽,10为平底“V”字形槽,11为加强筋,12为永磁体。In the figure: 1 is the first arc, 2 is the second arc, 3 is the third arc, 4 is the wedge-shaped groove, 5 is the fourth arc, 6 is the fifth arc, 7 is the sixth arc, 8-1 is a first irregular slot, 8-2 is a second irregular slot, 9 is a stator slot, 10 is a flat-bottomed "V"-shaped slot, 11 is a rib, and 12 is a permanent magnet.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
以下通过具体实施方式对本发明作进一步阐述:The present invention will be further elaborated below by specific embodiment:
本发明涉及一种低转矩脉动高效率永磁电机定转子结构,转子外圆由若干个四段圆弧首尾相连构成,在转子上设置有相对应的若干个用于嵌入永磁体的槽,在定子靠近转子处设置若干定子槽9,每两个定子槽之间形成定子齿部,所述定子槽9的槽型为梨形平底半闭口槽,在不影响槽满率的前提下,通过将梨形槽底部削平增加轭部宽度,降低磁滞和涡流损耗。The invention relates to a stator-rotor structure of a low-torque pulsation high-efficiency permanent magnet motor. The outer circle of the rotor is composed of several four-segment circular arcs connected end to end, and the rotor is provided with a corresponding number of slots for embedding permanent magnets. A number of stator slots 9 are arranged near the stator on the rotor, and stator teeth are formed between every two stator slots. The slot type of the stator slot 9 is a pear-shaped flat-bottomed semi-closed slot. Flatten the bottom of the pear-shaped groove to increase the width of the yoke and reduce hysteresis and eddy current loss.
所述四段圆弧为两段向内凹陷的第一圆弧1,其所占转子外圆的角度为α3;一段较长向外凸起的第二圆弧2,其所占转子外圆的角度为α1;一段较短向外凸起的第三圆弧3,其所占转子外圆的角度为α2,α2的取值范围为0.5~0.45倍α1,α3的取值范围为0.01~0.1倍α1,且2α3+α2+α1=180°/p,p为极对数。The four arcs are two first arcs 1 sunken inward, which occupy an angle of α 3 on the outer circle of the rotor; The angle of the circle is α 1 ; the third circular arc 3 that protrudes outward for a short section occupies an angle of α 2 in the outer circle of the rotor, and the value range of α 2 is 0.5 to 0.45 times α 1 and α 3 The value range is 0.01 to 0.1 times α 1 , and 2α 3 +α 2 +α 1 =180°/p, where p is the pole logarithm.
所述的第一圆弧1,由三段圆弧构成,其中第四圆弧5与第六圆弧7关于角α3的中心线对称,第四圆弧5与第六圆弧7的圆弧角度为α4,第四圆弧5与第六圆弧7的圆心分别与转子圆心的连线形成的夹角角度为α6。第五圆弧6的圆心在角α3的中心线,其圆弧角度为α5,α4取值范围为8~16倍α1,α5取值范围为100°~300°,α6取值范围为1.5~5倍α1。Described first circular arc 1 is made of three sections of circular arcs, wherein the fourth circular arc 5 and the sixth circular arc 7 are symmetrical about the center line of angle α 3 , the circle of the fourth circular arc 5 and the sixth circular arc 7 The arc angle is α 4 , and the angle between the centers of the fourth arc 5 and the sixth arc 7 and the center of the rotor is α 6 . The center of the fifth arc 6 is on the centerline of the angle α 3 , the arc angle is α 5 , the value range of α 4 is 8 to 16 times α 1 , the value range of α 5 is 100° to 300°, α 6 The value range is 1.5 to 5 times α 1 .
所述永磁体槽为平底“V”字形槽10,在“V”字形槽的左右两个槽内嵌有永磁体。在所述平底“V”字形槽10的“V”字形的左右两边的顶部设置有防止永磁体移动的楔形槽4,平底“V”字形槽10平底宽度为O1,平底距转子圆心的距离为O2,O1与O2的比值为0.45~0.65。两个相邻的平底“V”字形槽10的顶部之间设置有加强转子结构强度和隔磁作用的加强筋11,其宽度为Ri,且Ri为0.3~0.5倍的O1。The permanent magnet groove is a flat-bottomed "V" shaped groove 10, and permanent magnets are embedded in the left and right grooves of the "V" shaped groove. On the top of the left and right sides of the "V" shape of the flat-bottomed "V"-shaped groove 10 , a wedge-shaped groove 4 is provided to prevent the permanent magnet from moving. It is O 2 , and the ratio of O 1 to O 2 is 0.45-0.65. Between the tops of two adjacent flat-bottomed "V"-shaped grooves 10, there is a reinforcing rib 11 to strengthen the structural strength of the rotor and the magnetic isolation effect, the width of which is R i , and R i is 0.3-0.5 times O 1 .
所述定子上的不规则槽8-1或者8-2,设置在定子齿的轭部外圆上,其所占定子外圆圆弧角度为α7,对应的圆弧长度为l,其取值范围为1~2.5倍的定子齿宽。The irregular groove 8-1 or 8-2 on the stator is arranged on the outer circle of the yoke of the stator teeth, and the arc angle of the outer circle of the stator occupied by it is α 7 , and the corresponding arc length is l, which is taken as The value range is 1 to 2.5 times the stator tooth width.
下面通过一个具体的例子来说明:Let's illustrate with a specific example:
本发明的一个实施例如图4所示,该实施例为6极9槽结构,转子外圆弧由6组4段圆弧构成,第一圆弧1所占外圆角度α3为2°;第二圆弧2所占外圆角度α1为37°;第三圆弧3所占外圆角度α2为18°。An embodiment of the present invention is shown in Fig. 4, and this embodiment is 6 poles 9 slot structures, and rotor outer circular arc is made up of 6 groups of 4 section circular arcs, and the outer circular angle α 3 that first circular arc 1 occupies is 2 °; The outer circle angle α 1 occupied by the second arc 2 is 37°; the outer circle angle α 2 occupied by the third arc 3 is 18°.
所述的第一圆弧1的三段圆弧的定位参数α4、α5、α6分别为28°、158°、6°;其中圆弧7的半径为0.414mm。The positioning parameters α 4 , α 5 , and α 6 of the three arcs of the first arc 1 are 28°, 158°, and 6° respectively; the radius of the arc 7 is 0.414mm.
所述平底“V”字形槽,“V”字形底部平底宽度O1为4.5mm,所述平底到转子圆心的距离O2为15mm。所述加强筋11宽度Rib为3mm,加强了转子强度,并有隔磁作用。For the flat-bottomed "V"-shaped groove, the width O1 of the flat bottom of the "V"-shaped bottom is 4.5 mm, and the distance O2 from the flat bottom to the center of the rotor circle is 15 mm. The width R ib of the reinforcing rib 11 is 3mm, which strengthens the strength of the rotor and has a magnetic isolation effect.
定子齿的轭部外圆上设置有9个位于齿部根部的不规则槽8-1,其所占定子外圆角度α7为18.1°。不规则槽面积为39.55mm2。The outer circle of the yoke of the stator teeth is provided with nine irregular slots 8-1 located at the root of the teeth, and the angle α7 of the outer circle of the stator occupied by them is 18.1°. The area of the irregular groove is 39.55mm 2 .
以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式,应当指出:对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明原理的前提下,还可以做出若干改进和润饰,这些改进和润饰也应视为本发明的保护范围。The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it should be pointed out that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, some improvements and modifications can also be made, and these improvements and modifications are also possible. It should be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
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CN105610257A (en) * | 2016-03-07 | 2016-05-25 | 广东美芝制冷设备有限公司 | Rotor core, rotor, motor and compressor |
CN105634157A (en) * | 2016-03-20 | 2016-06-01 | 福建亚南电机有限公司 | Built-in high-power-density permanent magnet motor integrated to 8AT transmission box |
CN105846627A (en) * | 2016-03-24 | 2016-08-10 | 东南大学 | Rotor structure for improving permanent magnet motor power and torque density |
CN108173402A (en) * | 2018-01-21 | 2018-06-15 | 湖北西浦电机科技有限责任公司 | The salient pole synchronous electric machine of double eccentric arc field structures |
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CN105610257B (en) * | 2016-03-07 | 2019-11-29 | 广东美芝制冷设备有限公司 | Rotor core, rotor, motor and compressor |
CN105634157A (en) * | 2016-03-20 | 2016-06-01 | 福建亚南电机有限公司 | Built-in high-power-density permanent magnet motor integrated to 8AT transmission box |
CN105846627A (en) * | 2016-03-24 | 2016-08-10 | 东南大学 | Rotor structure for improving permanent magnet motor power and torque density |
TWI655828B (en) * | 2016-11-28 | 2019-04-01 | 日商日立江森自控空調有限公司 | Permanent magnet rotary electric machine and compressor using same |
USD960086S1 (en) | 2017-07-25 | 2022-08-09 | Milwaukee Electric Tool Corporation | Battery pack |
USD1035566S1 (en) | 2017-07-25 | 2024-07-16 | Milwaukee Electric Tool Corporation | Battery pack |
US11476527B2 (en) | 2017-07-25 | 2022-10-18 | Milwaukee Electric Tool Corporation | High power battery-powered system |
US11462794B2 (en) | 2017-07-25 | 2022-10-04 | Milwaukee Electric Tool Corporation | High power battery-powered system |
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CN109831049A (en) * | 2019-01-24 | 2019-05-31 | 江苏大学 | V-shaped formula rotor structure for permanent magnet motor built in a kind of non-homogeneous air gap |
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CN113544942A (en) * | 2019-03-22 | 2021-10-22 | 三菱电机株式会社 | Rotating electrical machine |
CN113544942B (en) * | 2019-03-22 | 2023-09-29 | 三菱电机株式会社 | Rotary electric machine |
CN109950989B (en) * | 2019-04-30 | 2024-03-19 | 中山大洋电机股份有限公司 | Outer rotor motor |
CN109950989A (en) * | 2019-04-30 | 2019-06-28 | 中山大洋电机股份有限公司 | A kind of external rotor electric machine |
CN110784029B (en) * | 2019-09-02 | 2021-07-27 | 珠海格力节能环保制冷技术研究中心有限公司 | Stator core, motor and compressor |
CN110784029A (en) * | 2019-09-02 | 2020-02-11 | 珠海格力节能环保制冷技术研究中心有限公司 | Stator core, motor and compressor |
CN113872349A (en) * | 2021-10-14 | 2021-12-31 | 广东美芝制冷设备有限公司 | Stator structure, motor structure, compressor structure and refrigeration plant |
WO2023060830A1 (en) * | 2021-10-14 | 2023-04-20 | 广东美芝制冷设备有限公司 | Stator structure, electric motor structure, compressor structure, and refrigeration apparatus |
CN114665631A (en) * | 2022-03-29 | 2022-06-24 | 重庆隆鑫新能源科技有限公司 | Brushless motor rotor and brushless motor |
WO2024244708A1 (en) * | 2023-05-31 | 2024-12-05 | 美的威灵电机技术(上海)有限公司 | Stator punching sheet, electric motor, fan and electrical appliance |
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