CN110735493B - Anti-leakage composite waterproof method for flat roof - Google Patents
Anti-leakage composite waterproof method for flat roof Download PDFInfo
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- CN110735493B CN110735493B CN201910939870.8A CN201910939870A CN110735493B CN 110735493 B CN110735493 B CN 110735493B CN 201910939870 A CN201910939870 A CN 201910939870A CN 110735493 B CN110735493 B CN 110735493B
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- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 239000010426 asphalt Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 37
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B7/00—Roofs; Roof construction with regard to insulation
- E04B7/02—Roofs; Roof construction with regard to insulation with plane sloping surfaces, e.g. saddle roofs
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
- E04D11/00—Roof covering, as far as not restricted to features covered by only one of groups E04D1/00 - E04D9/00; Roof covering in ways not provided for by groups E04D1/00 - E04D9/00, e.g. built-up roofs, elevated load-supporting roof coverings
- E04D11/02—Build-up roofs, i.e. consisting of two or more layers bonded together in situ, at least one of the layers being of watertight composition
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
- E04D13/00—Special arrangements or devices in connection with roof coverings; Protection against birds; Roof drainage ; Sky-lights
- E04D13/16—Insulating devices or arrangements in so far as the roof covering is concerned, e.g. characterised by the material or composition of the roof insulating material or its integration in the roof structure
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
- Y02A30/24—Structural elements or technologies for improving thermal insulation
- Y02A30/254—Roof garden systems; Roof coverings with high solar reflectance
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B80/00—Architectural or constructional elements improving the thermal performance of buildings
- Y02B80/32—Roof garden systems
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Road Paving Structures (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a composite waterproof method for preventing flat roof from leaking, and relates to the technical field of building waterproofing. The construction method comprises base layer treatment and cushion layer construction, steel bar hole binding, installation of elevation control points, concrete pouring, trowelling machine slurry lifting and trowelling, vacuum water absorption, surface layer construction, heating non-curing rubber asphalt waterproof paint, base layer cleaning, node reinforcing treatment, trial paving of coiled materials, construction non-curing rubber asphalt waterproof paint, paving of self-adhesive coiled materials and lap joint, concrete base layer treatment, surface layer elevation finding, line snapping, water sprinkling and wetting, plastering cakes and gauge bars, cement mortar paving among gauge bars, elastic brick paving control lines, brick paving, seam drawing and correcting, seam pointing and wiping, and maintenance. The construction technology of the composite waterproof method for preventing the flat roof from leaking can effectively solve the problem of the leakage of the flat roof, has strong pertinence and high-speed efficiency, can be popularized in a large range, is superior to the traditional construction method in operation, and has stronger social benefit.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of building waterproofing, in particular to a composite waterproofing method for preventing flat roof from leaking.
Background
The house leakage problem in China is severe and has certain universality, according to the investigation of an authoritative institution, the underground leakage rate is 57%, the roof leakage rate is 95%, and the national average leakage rate is 65%. And once leakage plugging is very difficult, the leakage point is difficult to find, the leakage point is often plugged, the other point begins to leak, and finally, the leakage is blocked and overflowed, the leakage repairing work is very difficult, and the cost is high. Therefore, the leakage of the flat roof is avoided, and the maintenance cost can be greatly reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problem to be solved
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides the anti-leakage composite waterproof method for the flat roof, which has the advantages of effectively solving the leakage problem of the flat roof, being capable of being popularized in a large range and the like, and solves the leakage problem of the flat roof.
(II) technical scheme
In order to achieve the purpose of effectively solving the leakage problem of the flat roof and being capable of being popularized in a large range, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a flat roof anti-leakage composite waterproof method comprises the following process flows:
s1, base layer treatment and cushion layer construction: predetermining a concrete building ground construction process, configuring a proper amount of construction mechanical equipment and labor force, well performing maintenance work on construction machinery, ensuring building ground construction continuity, checking unreasonable drainage parts in an original design drawing, performing deepening design, and determining a water diversion line and a drainage direction;
s2, steel bar hole binding: binding steel bars according to design specifications, arranging cushion blocks below the steel bars, arranging cushion blocks or support horses between double-layer steel bars for supporting, ensuring the accuracy of the positions of the steel bars and the thickness of an upper steel bar protective layer, arranging an anti-cracking steel bar net at positions, where cracks are easy to appear, around reserved holes, wherein the diameter of the reserved holes is more than or equal to 300 mm;
s3, mounting an elevation control point: placing a side form support mounting template on a base layer according to a paying-off position, primarily fixing the position of the side form support mounting template, checking whether the elevation of the top of the template meets the design requirement by using a level gauge, checking whether the template is straight, fixing the template by using a support, setting the highest point and the lowest point on a roof panel by using steel bars according to the paying-off slope, and pulling out a construction line;
s4, concrete pouring and tamping: when concrete is poured, the slump is controlled to be 142mm in 138-fold mode, the concrete is vibrated and compacted by an inserted vibrating rod, a flat vibrator is used for vibrating to enable the surface of the concrete to be compact, no bubbles rise, slurry is uniformly generated, after vibrating, a level gauge is used for detecting the level condition, the deviation part is adjusted, the structural layer concrete is poured and compacted, and the construction line mark is used as a boundary;
s5, performing size lifting and finishing by a finishing machine: the concrete pouring of the terrace adopts a beam type troweling machine to vibrate and is placed on the channel steel, and an operator pulls the traction cables arranged at the two ends of the troweling machine back and forth according to the running direction of the vibration motor to vibrate and scrape the concrete;
s6, vacuum water absorption: after the concrete surface is obviously drained, pressing the concrete surface by fingers without finger marks or leaving only slight marks by stepping on the concrete surface, and finishing vacuum suction;
s7, surface layer construction: repeatedly troweling and compacting by adopting a troweling machine, further troweling and leveling by a 3.5-5.5 m scraping ruler, finishing rough troweling after the whole surface layer is trowelled and compacted and primary pulp is adjusted, and controlling rough troweling to be finished shortly after initial setting of concrete;
s8, heating the non-cured rubber asphalt waterproof coating: putting a special heater into a rubber asphalt coating iron bucket for heating, so that the rubber asphalt coating is completely melted into a fluid state for later use;
s9, base layer cleaning: cleaning up dust and sundries on the surface of the base layer by using tools such as a broom, an iron shovel, a dust remover and the like, and repairing and leveling uneven parts by using cement mortar;
s10, node strengthening treatment: reinforcing the joint parts by adopting non-cured rubber asphalt waterproof paint, coating the non-cured rubber asphalt paint for one time by using a scraper blade or a roller brush on the joint parts such as the internal and external corners, pasting a glass fiber mesh cloth, then coating the non-cured rubber asphalt waterproof paint for one time or brushing the non-cured rubber asphalt waterproof paint for one time to completely cover the mesh cloth, coating an additional layer with the coating width of 300mm, and respectively coating half parts of the two sides of a corner;
s11, trial-spread roll: popping up a reference line on a base layer according to the paving direction of the coiled material, naturally spreading the root-prick-resistant coiled material, putting the coiled material according to a control line, trying to pave the coiled material, aligning the coiled material with the reference line at any time, carefully correcting the position of the coiled material, and then rolling the coiled material from two ends to the middle or from one end to the other end;
s12, construction of the non-cured rubber asphalt waterproof coating: pouring the heated non-cured rubber asphalt waterproof coating on a base layer, and uniformly coating the non-cured rubber asphalt waterproof coating on the base layer by using a scraper, wherein the coating thickness is uniform;
s13, paving self-adhesive coiled materials and lapping: coating and scraping the non-cured rubber asphalt waterproof coating, simultaneously pasting the self-adhesive coiled material on the coating, simultaneously lapping the lapping edge of the self-adhesive coiled material with the lapping width of 80mm, and baking the coiled material out of asphalt slurry;
s14, finding the elevation of the surface layer and snapping the line: measuring the surface layer elevation downwards according to a 1m horizontal elevation line on the wall, and bouncing the surface layer elevation on the wall;
s15, sprinkling water for moistening: uniformly sprinkling water on the ground base layer once by using a sprinkling can on the cleaned base layer;
s16, plastering cakes and marking ribs: measuring the height from the lower part of the horizontal line of the elastic surface layer to the height of the upper skin of the leveling layer, wherein the distance between plastering cakes is 1.5m, the upper part of a plaster cake is the height of the leveling layer of the cement mortar, then plastering a mark rib from one side of a room, radially plastering the mark rib from the periphery to the direction of the floor drain in the room with the floor drain, finding the slope, and plastering cakes and the mark rib by using dry and hard mortar, wherein the thickness is not less than 20 mm;
s17, paving cement mortar among the gauge bars: cleaning residual slurry residues of the plastered reinforcement bars, brushing a cement slurry bonding layer once, brushing mortar along with the plastering layer, paving the mixed cement slurry between the reinforcement bars by using a small flat spade or a wood trowel according to the elevation of the reinforcement bars, spreading and compacting the cement slurry by using the wood trowel, scraping the cement slurry by using a small wood bar, flattening the cement slurry by using the wood trowel, leveling the paved mortar and the reinforcement bars, checking the flatness of the cement slurry by using a large wood bar in a transverse and vertical manner, checking whether the elevation and the flashing gradient are correct or not, and maintaining and watering after 24 hours;
s18, elastic tile laying control line: when the compressive strength of mortar of a leveling layer reaches 1.2MPa, starting to bounce a control line of a brick by a person, determining the width of a gap paved by the brick according to design requirements and the specification and size of the brick plate, when the design is random and fixed, the width of a tight paving gap is not more than 1mm, the paving width of a virtual gap is 5-10mm, in a room, arranging the size in the longitudinal direction and the transverse direction, when the size is less than the multiple of the whole brick, using a non-integer brick at a corner, using a first row which is transversely parallel to a doorway as the whole brick, using the non-integer brick at the corner, longitudinally arranging the non-integer brick in the room, arranging the non-integer brick at two wall sides, wherein the size is not less than half of the side length of the whole brick, and bouncing one control line at intervals of 4 bricks on the ground according to the determined number of bricks and the gap width;
s19, paving bricks: sprinkling water to wet the leveling layer, uniformly brushing plain cement paste, smearing bonding mortar upwards on the back of the brick when paving, paving the brick on the brushed cement paste leveling layer, after the upper edge of the brick is slightly higher than a horizontal marking line, aligning, straightening and finding, padding a wood plate on the brick, compacting by using a rubber hammer, sequentially paving the brick from inside to outside to ensure that the facing brick mortar is full and tightly and firmly connected, and the joint of the facing brick, the reserved pipeline and the hole is processed into a shape matched with the floor drain, the reserved pipeline and the hole by using a grinding wheel saw to pave the brick, and when paving the floor drain, the reserved pipeline and the hole in a segmented and fractional mode in large-area construction;
s20, seam drawing and correction: laying 2-3 rows, pulling at any time to check the straightness of the seam lattice, immediately finishing if the straightness exceeds the specification, straightening the seam, and compacting by using a rubber hammer;
s21, pointing and wiping: paving the surface layer for 24h to perform seam wiping and jointing, and adopting cement with the same variety, the same strength grade and the same color;
s22, maintenance: and after the brick surface layer is laid for 24 hours, additionally arranging a fence, and watering and maintaining for not less than 7 days.
In the preferred technical scheme of the invention, in the step S5, the vibrating flat machine vibrates back and forth 2-3 times, and the running speed is controlled to be 0.8-1.2 meters per minute.
As a preferable technical solution of the present invention, in S7, after finishing each troweling operation, the troweling machine performs the next troweling operation after the water on the concrete surface evaporates, and if the local surface is uneven, the troweling operation is performed by manually troweling and then the troweling operation is performed mechanically.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in S8, the heating temperature is not more than 200 ℃ as the temperature change during heating is concerned at any time.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in S10, the node portion includes an internal corner, an external corner, a wall pipe, and a downpipe.
In S12, the vertical construction is performed by scraping, brushing or spraying from top to bottom.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in S17, the cement-sand mixing ratio in the cement mortar is 1: 2.5.
In S19, before paving, the brick is put in a half bucket to be soaked in water for wetting, and after drying in the air, the brick is reused when no clear water exists on the surface.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in S21, the seam width is 8mm or more and is a pointing seam, and if the longitudinal and transverse seams are dry-extruded seams or wiping seams smaller than 3mm, the wiping seams are used.
(III) advantageous effects
Compared with the prior art, the invention provides a composite waterproof method for preventing leakage of a flat roof, which has the following beneficial effects:
1. according to the anti-leakage composite waterproof method for the flat roof, the elevation is strictly controlled during roof concrete construction, the plate elevation at the water diversion line is properly improved and the slope is found towards the direction of a roof ditch under the condition that the plate bottom elevation is unchanged, meanwhile, the waterproof leveling layer and the protective layer need to be plastered with cakes to find the slope towards the direction of the ditch before construction, compared with the traditional method of finding the slope by adopting light concrete, the drainage performance is better, the light concrete is easy to crack and store water, the construction joint exists between the light concrete and the roof concrete after the roof concrete is constructed, and the roof structure is formed at one time and is not easy to store water.
2. This compound waterproof method of flat roof antiseep adopts the compound waterproof layer that non-curing rubber pitch waterproofing membrane and self-adhesion coiled material are constituteed, full play each waterproof material's performance for two kinds of waterproof material form a whole, the waterproof layer passes through non-curing coating with the structure and forms a whole, and non-curing rubber pitch waterproof coating still can restore the slight crack of structure simultaneously, has avoided taking place to scurry the phenomenon of water after the seepage, reduces the later stage seepage maintenance degree of difficulty when improving waterproof performance.
3. According to the composite waterproof method for preventing the flat roof from leaking, the roof facing bricks adopt a wet paving process, the leveling mortar layer of the paved bricks adopts polymer waterproof mortar and is used for finding slopes towards the ditch direction, once roof rainwater leaks into the mortar leveling layer through the brick seams of the facing bricks, the water channeling phenomenon cannot be generated, and the mortar leveling layer of the facing bricks becomes a construction process with certain waterproof and drainage performances.
4. The composite waterproof method for preventing the flat roof from leaking can effectively solve the problem of leakage of the flat roof by a construction technology, has strong pertinence and high-speed efficiency, can be popularized in a large range, is superior to the traditional construction method in operation, has stronger social benefit, can be popularized and applied to the leakage prevention construction of the flat roof in the civil construction fields of residential buildings, hotels, real estate buildings, industrial factory buildings and the like, and has wide applicability.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, a flat roof leakage-proof composite waterproof method includes the following steps:
s1, base layer treatment and cushion layer construction: predetermining a concrete building ground construction process, configuring a proper amount of construction mechanical equipment and labor force, well performing maintenance work on construction machinery, ensuring building ground construction continuity, checking unreasonable drainage parts in an original design drawing, performing deepening design, and determining a water diversion line and a drainage direction;
s2, steel bar hole binding: binding steel bars according to design specifications, arranging cushion blocks below the steel bars, arranging cushion blocks or support horses between double-layer steel bars for supporting, ensuring the accuracy of the positions of the steel bars and the thickness of an upper steel bar protective layer, arranging an anti-cracking steel bar net at positions, where cracks are easy to appear, around reserved holes, wherein the diameter of the reserved holes is more than or equal to 300 mm;
s3, mounting an elevation control point: placing a side form support mounting template on a base layer according to a paying-off position, primarily fixing the position of the side form support mounting template, checking whether the elevation of the top of the template meets the design requirement by using a level gauge, checking whether the template is straight, fixing the template by using a support, setting the highest point and the lowest point on a roof panel by using steel bars according to the paying-off slope, and pulling out a construction line;
s4, concrete pouring and tamping: when concrete is poured, the slump is controlled to be 142mm in 138-fold mode, the concrete is vibrated and compacted by an inserted vibrating rod, a flat vibrator is used for vibrating to enable the surface of the concrete to be compact, no bubbles rise, slurry is uniformly generated, after vibrating, a level gauge is used for detecting the level condition, the deviation part is adjusted, the structural layer concrete is poured and compacted, and the construction line mark is used as a boundary;
s5, performing size lifting and finishing by a finishing machine: the concrete pouring of the terrace adopts a beam type troweling machine to vibrate, the troweling machine is placed on channel steel, an operator pulls the traction ropes arranged at the two ends of the troweling machine back and forth according to the running direction of a vibration motor to vibrate and scrape the concrete, the troweling machine vibrates back and forth for 2-3 times, and the advancing speed is controlled to be 0.8-1.2 meters per minute;
s6, vacuum water absorption: after the concrete surface is obviously drained, pressing the concrete surface by fingers without finger marks or leaving only slight marks by stepping on the concrete surface, and finishing vacuum suction;
s7, surface layer construction: repeatedly troweling and compacting by adopting a troweling machine, further troweling and leveling by a 3.5-5.5 m scraping ruler, finishing rough troweling after the whole surface layer is trowelled and compacted and primary pulp is adjusted, and controlling rough troweling to be finished shortly after initial setting of concrete;
s8, heating the non-cured rubber asphalt waterproof coating: putting a special heater into a rubber asphalt coating iron bucket for heating, so that the rubber asphalt coating is completely melted into a fluid state for later use, and the temperature change is concerned at any moment during heating, wherein the heating temperature is not more than 200 ℃;
s9, base layer cleaning: cleaning up dust and sundries on the surface of the base layer by using tools such as a broom, an iron shovel, a dust remover and the like, and repairing and leveling uneven parts by using cement mortar;
s10, node strengthening treatment: reinforcing the joint part by adopting non-cured rubber asphalt waterproof paint, wherein the joint part comprises a male and female corner, a wall penetrating pipe and a water falling port, scraping or rolling brushing the non-cured rubber asphalt paint once by using a scraper at the joint part such as the male and female corner, then pasting glass fiber gridding cloth, then completely covering the gridding cloth by coating the scraping or rolling brushing rubber asphalt waterproof paint, the brushing width of the additional layer is 300mm, and two sides of the corner are respectively half;
s11, trial-spread roll: popping up a reference line on a base layer according to the paving direction of the coiled material, naturally spreading the root-prick-resistant coiled material, putting the coiled material according to a control line, trying to pave the coiled material, aligning the coiled material with the reference line at any time, carefully correcting the position of the coiled material, and then rolling the coiled material from two ends to the middle or from one end to the other end;
s12, construction of the non-cured rubber asphalt waterproof coating: pouring the heated non-cured rubber asphalt waterproof coating on a base layer, uniformly scraping the non-cured rubber asphalt waterproof coating on the base surface by using a scraper, wherein the scraping thickness is uniform, and scraping, brushing or spraying is performed from top to bottom during vertical construction;
s13, paving self-adhesive coiled materials and lapping: coating and scraping the non-cured rubber asphalt waterproof coating, simultaneously pasting the self-adhesive coiled material on the coating, simultaneously lapping the lapping edge of the self-adhesive coiled material with the lapping width of 80mm, and baking the coiled material out of asphalt slurry;
s14, finding the elevation of the surface layer and snapping the line: measuring the surface layer elevation downwards according to a 1m horizontal elevation line on the wall, and bouncing the surface layer elevation on the wall;
s15, sprinkling water for moistening: uniformly sprinkling water on the ground base layer once by using a sprinkling can on the cleaned base layer;
s16, plastering cakes and marking ribs: measuring the height from the lower part of the horizontal line of the elastic surface layer to the height of the upper skin of the leveling layer, wherein the distance between plastering cakes is 1.5m, the upper part of a plaster cake is the height of the leveling layer of the cement mortar, then plastering a mark rib from one side of a room, radially plastering the mark rib from the periphery to the direction of the floor drain in the room with the floor drain, finding the slope, and plastering cakes and the mark rib by using dry and hard mortar, wherein the thickness is not less than 20 mm;
s17, paving cement mortar among the gauge bars: cleaning residual slurry residues of the plastered ribs, painting a cement slurry bonding layer once, painting mortar along with the plastering layer, paving the mixed cement mortar between the ribs by using a small flat spade or a wood trowel according to the elevation of the ribs, paving the cement mortar in a mixing ratio of 1:2.5 in the cement mortar, flattening and tamping the cement mortar by using the wood trowel, scraping the cement mortar by using a small wood bar, flattening the cement mortar by using the wood trowel, leveling the paved mortar and the ribs, checking the flatness of the cement mortar by using a large wood bar in the transverse and vertical directions, checking whether the elevation and the flashing gradient are correct or not, and watering and maintaining the cement mortar after 24 hours;
s18, elastic tile laying control line: when the compressive strength of mortar of a leveling layer reaches 1.2MPa, starting to bounce a control line of a brick by a person, determining the width of a gap paved by the brick according to design requirements and the specification and size of the brick plate, when the design is random and fixed, the width of a tight paving gap is not more than 1mm, the paving width of a virtual gap is 5-10mm, in a room, arranging the size in the longitudinal direction and the transverse direction, when the size is less than the multiple of the whole brick, using a non-integer brick at a corner, using a first row which is transversely parallel to a doorway as the whole brick, using the non-integer brick at the corner, longitudinally arranging the non-integer brick in the room, arranging the non-integer brick at two wall sides, wherein the size is not less than half of the side length of the whole brick, and bouncing one control line at intervals of 4 bricks on the ground according to the determined number of bricks and the gap width;
s19, paving bricks: before paving, placing the brick plate in a half bucket to soak and wet, after airing, using the brick plate when the surface has no open water, sprinkling water on a leveling layer to wet, uniformly coating plain cement paste, when paving, smearing bonding mortar upwards on the back surface of the brick, when paving the brick on the brushed cement paste leveling layer, slightly raising the upper edge of the brick to a horizontal marking height line, after aligning, aligning and finding, padding the brick with a plank, compacting by using a rubber hammer, and paving the brick from inside to outside in sequence to achieve the purpose that the facing brick mortar is full, tight and firm in connection, and is connected with the floor drain, the reserved pipeline and the hole, and when paving the floor tile, paving the brick for one time at a time, and constructing in a large area by adopting subsection and subsection paving;
s20, seam drawing and correction: laying 2-3 rows, pulling at any time to check the straightness of the seam lattice, immediately finishing if the straightness exceeds the specification, straightening the seam, and compacting by using a rubber hammer;
s21, pointing and wiping: paving the surface layer for 24h to perform seam wiping and jointing, and adopting cement with the same variety, the same strength grade and the same color;
s22, maintenance: and after the brick surface layer is laid for 24 hours, additionally arranging a fence, and watering and maintaining for not less than 7 days.
As a specific technical solution of this embodiment, in S7, after finishing each troweling operation, the troweling machine performs the next troweling operation after water on the concrete surface evaporates, and if the local surface is uneven, the troweling operation is performed by manually plastering and then the troweling operation is performed mechanically.
In this embodiment, the flatness of the surface layer is ensured.
As a specific technical solution of this embodiment, in S21, a pointing seam is used when the seam width is more than 8mm, and if the longitudinal and transverse seams are dry-extruded seams or wiping seams smaller than 3 mm.
In the embodiment, different treatment modes are selected according to the seam widths with different widths, so that the construction quality is ensured.
The working principle and the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: according to the anti-leakage composite waterproof method for the flat roof, the elevation is strictly controlled during roof concrete construction, the plate elevation at the water diversion line is properly improved and the slope is found towards the direction of a roof ditch under the condition that the plate bottom elevation is unchanged, meanwhile, a waterproof leveling layer and a protective layer need to be plastered with cakes to find the slope towards the direction of the ditch before construction, compared with the traditional method of finding the slope by adopting light concrete, the drainage performance is better, the light concrete is easy to crack and store water, construction joints exist between the light concrete and the roof concrete after the roof concrete is finished, and the roof structure is formed at one time when finding the slope and is not easy to store water; the composite waterproof layer formed by the non-cured rubber asphalt waterproof coiled material and the self-adhesive coiled material is adopted, so that the performance of each waterproof material is fully exerted, two waterproof materials form a whole, the waterproof layer and the structure form a whole through the non-cured coating, and meanwhile, the non-cured rubber asphalt waterproof coating can also repair fine cracks of the structure, so that the phenomenon of water channeling after leakage is avoided, the waterproof performance is improved, and the later-stage leakage maintenance difficulty is reduced; the roof facing brick adopts a wet paving process, the leveling mortar layer of the paving brick adopts polymer waterproof mortar and finds a slope towards the ditch direction, and once roof rainwater leaks into the mortar leveling layer through the brick joint of the facing brick, the water channeling phenomenon can not be generated, so that the mortar leveling layer of the facing brick becomes a construction process with certain waterproof and drainage performances.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (10)
1. The composite waterproof method for preventing the flat roof from leaking is characterized by comprising the following process flows of:
s1, base layer treatment and cushion layer construction: predetermining a concrete building ground construction process, configuring a proper amount of construction mechanical equipment and labor force, well performing maintenance work on construction machinery, ensuring building ground construction continuity, checking unreasonable drainage parts in an original design drawing, performing deepening design, and determining a water diversion line and a drainage direction;
s2, steel bar hole binding: binding steel bars according to design specifications, arranging cushion blocks below the steel bars, arranging cushion blocks or support horses between double-layer steel bars for supporting, ensuring the accuracy of the positions of the steel bars and the thickness of an upper steel bar protective layer, arranging an anti-cracking steel bar net at positions, where cracks are easy to appear, around reserved holes, wherein the diameter of the reserved holes is more than or equal to 300 mm;
s3, mounting an elevation control point: placing a side form support mounting template on a base layer according to a paying-off position, primarily fixing the position of the side form support mounting template, checking whether the elevation of the top of the template meets the design requirement by using a level gauge, checking whether the template is straight, fixing the template by using a support, setting the highest point and the lowest point on a roof panel by using steel bars according to the paying-off slope, and pulling out a construction line;
s4, concrete pouring and tamping: when concrete is poured, the slump is controlled to be 142mm in 138-fold mode, the concrete is vibrated and compacted by an inserted vibrating rod, a flat vibrator is used for vibrating to enable the surface of the concrete to be compact, no bubbles rise, slurry is uniformly generated, after vibrating, a level gauge is used for detecting the level condition, the deviation part is adjusted, the structural layer concrete is poured and compacted, and the construction line mark is used as a boundary;
s5, performing size lifting and finishing by a finishing machine: the concrete pouring of the terrace adopts a beam type troweling machine to vibrate and is placed on the channel steel, and an operator pulls the traction cables arranged at the two ends of the troweling machine back and forth according to the running direction of the vibration motor to vibrate and scrape the concrete;
s6, vacuum water absorption: after the concrete surface is obviously drained, pressing the concrete surface by fingers without finger marks or leaving only slight marks by stepping on the concrete surface, and finishing vacuum suction;
s7, surface layer construction: repeatedly troweling and compacting by adopting a troweling machine, further troweling and leveling by a 3.5-5.5 m scraping ruler, finishing rough troweling after the whole surface layer is trowelled and compacted and primary pulp is adjusted, and controlling rough troweling to be finished shortly after initial setting of concrete;
s8, heating the non-cured rubber asphalt waterproof coating: putting a special heater into a rubber asphalt coating iron bucket for heating, so that the rubber asphalt coating is completely melted into a fluid state for later use;
s9, base layer cleaning: cleaning up dust and sundries on the surface of the base layer by using tools such as a broom, an iron shovel, a dust remover and the like, and repairing and leveling uneven parts by using cement mortar;
s10, node strengthening treatment: reinforcing the joint parts by adopting non-cured rubber asphalt waterproof paint, coating the non-cured rubber asphalt paint for one time by using a scraper blade or a roller brush on the joint parts such as the internal and external corners, pasting a glass fiber mesh cloth, then coating the non-cured rubber asphalt waterproof paint for one time or brushing the non-cured rubber asphalt waterproof paint for one time to completely cover the mesh cloth, coating an additional layer with the coating width of 300mm, and respectively coating half parts of the two sides of a corner;
s11, trial-spread roll: popping up a reference line on a base layer according to the paving direction of the coiled material, naturally spreading the root-prick-resistant coiled material, putting the coiled material according to a control line, trying to pave the coiled material, aligning the coiled material with the reference line at any time, carefully correcting the position of the coiled material, and then rolling the coiled material from two ends to the middle or from one end to the other end;
s12, construction of the non-cured rubber asphalt waterproof coating: pouring the heated non-cured rubber asphalt waterproof coating on a base layer, and uniformly coating the non-cured rubber asphalt waterproof coating on the base layer by using a scraper, wherein the coating thickness is uniform;
s13, paving self-adhesive coiled materials and lapping: coating and scraping the non-cured rubber asphalt waterproof coating, simultaneously pasting the self-adhesive coiled material on the coating, simultaneously lapping the lapping edge of the self-adhesive coiled material with the lapping width of 80mm, and baking the coiled material out of asphalt slurry;
s14, concrete base layer treatment: cleaning up impurities on the concrete base layer, removing the ultrahigh floor and the ultra-flat wall surface parts and the floor ash of mortar by using a chisel, brushing up the laitance layer by using a steel wire brush, and paying attention to the protection of the hydroelectric pipelines in the treatment process;
s15, finding the elevation of the surface layer and snapping the line: measuring the surface layer elevation downwards according to a 1m horizontal elevation line on the wall, and bouncing the surface layer elevation on the wall;
s16, sprinkling water for moistening: uniformly sprinkling water on the ground base layer once by using a sprinkling can on the cleaned base layer;
s17, plastering cakes and marking ribs: measuring the height from the lower part of the horizontal line of the elastic surface layer to the height of the upper skin of the leveling layer, wherein the distance between plastering cakes is 1.5m, the upper part of a plaster cake is the height of the leveling layer of the cement mortar, then plastering a mark rib from one side of a room, radially plastering the mark rib from the periphery to the direction of the floor drain in the room with the floor drain, finding the slope, and plastering cakes and the mark rib by using dry and hard mortar, wherein the thickness is not less than 20 mm;
s18, paving cement mortar among the gauge bars: cleaning residual slurry residues of the plastered reinforcement bars, brushing a cement slurry bonding layer once, brushing mortar along with the plastering layer, paving the mixed cement slurry between the reinforcement bars by using a small flat spade or a wood trowel according to the elevation of the reinforcement bars, spreading and compacting the cement slurry by using the wood trowel, scraping the cement slurry by using a small wood bar, flattening the cement slurry by using the wood trowel, leveling the paved mortar and the reinforcement bars, checking the flatness of the cement slurry by using a large wood bar in a transverse and vertical manner, checking whether the elevation and the flashing gradient are correct or not, and maintaining and watering after 24 hours;
s19, elastic tile laying control line: when the compressive strength of mortar of a leveling layer reaches 1.2MPa, starting to bounce a control line of a brick by a person, determining the width of a gap paved by the brick according to design requirements and the specification and size of the brick plate, when the design is random and fixed, the width of a tight paving gap is not more than 1mm, the paving width of a virtual gap is 5-10mm, in a room, arranging the size in the longitudinal direction and the transverse direction, when the size is less than the multiple of the whole brick, using a non-integer brick at a corner, using a first row which is transversely parallel to a doorway as the whole brick, using the non-integer brick at the corner, longitudinally arranging the non-integer brick in the room, arranging the non-integer brick at two wall sides, wherein the size is not less than half of the side length of the whole brick, and bouncing one control line at intervals of 4 bricks on the ground according to the determined number of bricks and the gap width;
s20, paving bricks: sprinkling water to wet the leveling layer, uniformly brushing plain cement paste, smearing bonding mortar upwards on the back of the brick when paving, paving the brick on the brushed cement paste leveling layer, after the upper edge of the brick is slightly higher than a horizontal marking line, aligning, straightening and finding, padding a wood plate on the brick, compacting by using a rubber hammer, sequentially paving the brick from inside to outside to ensure that the facing brick mortar is full and tightly and firmly connected, and the joint of the facing brick, the reserved pipeline and the hole is processed into a shape matched with the floor drain, the reserved pipeline and the hole by using a grinding wheel saw to pave the brick, and when paving the floor drain, the reserved pipeline and the hole in a segmented and fractional mode in large-area construction;
s21, seam drawing and correction: laying 2-3 rows, pulling at any time to check the straightness of the seam lattice, immediately finishing if the straightness exceeds the specification, straightening the seam, and compacting by using a rubber hammer;
s22, pointing and wiping: paving the surface layer for 24h to perform seam wiping and jointing, and adopting cement with the same variety, the same strength grade and the same color;
s23, maintenance: and after the brick surface layer is laid for 24 hours, additionally arranging a fence, and watering and maintaining for not less than 7 days.
2. The composite waterproof method for preventing flat roof from leaking as claimed in claim 1, wherein in S5, the vibrating machine vibrates back and forth 2-3 times, and the running speed is controlled at 0.8-1.2 m/min.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein in S7, after finishing each troweling process, the troweling process is performed again after the water on the concrete surface evaporates, and if the local surface is uneven, the troweling process is performed by human grout repair and then the mechanical troweling process is performed.
4. The method for preventing flat roof from leaking composite waterproof according to claim 1, wherein in S8, the temperature changes are concerned at any moment when heating, and the heating temperature should not exceed 200 ℃.
5. The method for preventing flat roof from leaking composite waterproof according to claim 1, wherein in S10, the node parts include male and female corners, wall pipes and water falling ports.
6. The composite waterproof method for preventing flat roof from leaking as claimed in claim 1, wherein in S12, the vertical face is painted, brushed or sprayed from top to bottom.
7. The method for preventing leakage of composite water-proof material on flat roof as claimed in claim 1, wherein in S14, when the concrete substrate is greasy, 10% caustic soda is used to clean the substrate, and the alkaline solution is cleaned with clean water.
8. The composite waterproof method for preventing flat roof from leaking as claimed in claim 1, wherein in S18, the cement-sand mixing ratio of the cement mortar is 1: 2.5.
9. The method for preventing leakage of a flat roof composite waterproof according to claim 1, wherein in S20, the tile is placed in a half bucket for soaking and wetting before paving, and is reused when the surface is free of open water after drying.
10. The composite waterproof method for preventing flat roof leakage of claim 1, wherein in S22, the seam width is 8mm or more and is a pointing seam, and if the longitudinal and transverse seams are dry-extruded seams or wiping seams smaller than 3 mm.
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| US7204060B2 (en) * | 2000-02-18 | 2007-04-17 | Hunt Christopher M | System for manufacturing structures of cementitious materials |
| US6286273B1 (en) * | 2000-06-14 | 2001-09-11 | Building Materials Investment Corporation | Tile vent |
| CN1632259A (en) * | 2004-12-30 | 2005-06-29 | 夏良强 | Construction method for water-proof thermal insulation roofing with integrated protecting layer |
| KR20090051672A (en) * | 2007-11-19 | 2009-05-22 | (주)리뉴시스템 | Rooftop waterproof method and its structure for plznting rooftop |
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| CN109057179B (en) * | 2018-08-06 | 2020-08-21 | 合肥中通防水工程有限公司 | Self-energy maintenance-free waterproof system for flat roof and construction method thereof |
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