CN110718472A - Forming method of packaging structure - Google Patents

Forming method of packaging structure Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110718472A
CN110718472A CN201910681742.8A CN201910681742A CN110718472A CN 110718472 A CN110718472 A CN 110718472A CN 201910681742 A CN201910681742 A CN 201910681742A CN 110718472 A CN110718472 A CN 110718472A
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shielding layer
layer
forming
shielding
semiconductor chip
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CN201910681742.8A
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CN110718472B (en
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石磊
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Nantong Tongfu Microelectronics Co Ltd
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Nantong Tongfu Microelectronics Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201910681742.8A priority Critical patent/CN110718472B/en
Publication of CN110718472A publication Critical patent/CN110718472A/en
Priority to PCT/CN2020/102757 priority patent/WO2021017895A1/en
Priority to US17/629,507 priority patent/US20220246446A1/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
    • H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
    • H01L21/04—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier, e.g. PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer
    • H01L21/50—Assembly of semiconductor devices using processes or apparatus not provided for in a single one of the subgroups H01L21/06 - H01L21/326, e.g. sealing of a cap to a base of a container
    • H01L21/56—Encapsulations, e.g. encapsulation layers, coatings
    • H01L21/561—Batch processing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
    • H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
    • H01L21/04—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier, e.g. PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer
    • H01L21/50—Assembly of semiconductor devices using processes or apparatus not provided for in a single one of the subgroups H01L21/06 - H01L21/326, e.g. sealing of a cap to a base of a container
    • H01L21/56—Encapsulations, e.g. encapsulation layers, coatings
    • H01L21/568—Temporary substrate used as encapsulation process aid
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L23/00—Details of semiconductor or other solid state devices
    • H01L23/28—Encapsulations, e.g. encapsulating layers, coatings, e.g. for protection
    • H01L23/31—Encapsulations, e.g. encapsulating layers, coatings, e.g. for protection characterised by the arrangement or shape
    • H01L23/3107—Encapsulations, e.g. encapsulating layers, coatings, e.g. for protection characterised by the arrangement or shape the device being completely enclosed
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L23/00—Details of semiconductor or other solid state devices
    • H01L23/552—Protection against radiation, e.g. light or electromagnetic waves
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L24/00—Arrangements for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies; Methods or apparatus related thereto
    • H01L24/01—Means for bonding being attached to, or being formed on, the surface to be connected, e.g. chip-to-package, die-attach, "first-level" interconnects; Manufacturing methods related thereto
    • H01L24/02—Bonding areas ; Manufacturing methods related thereto
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L24/00—Arrangements for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies; Methods or apparatus related thereto
    • H01L24/01—Means for bonding being attached to, or being formed on, the surface to be connected, e.g. chip-to-package, die-attach, "first-level" interconnects; Manufacturing methods related thereto
    • H01L24/02—Bonding areas ; Manufacturing methods related thereto
    • H01L24/03—Manufacturing methods
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L24/00—Arrangements for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies; Methods or apparatus related thereto
    • H01L24/01—Means for bonding being attached to, or being formed on, the surface to be connected, e.g. chip-to-package, die-attach, "first-level" interconnects; Manufacturing methods related thereto
    • H01L24/10—Bump connectors ; Manufacturing methods related thereto
    • H01L24/11—Manufacturing methods
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L24/00—Arrangements for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies; Methods or apparatus related thereto
    • H01L24/93—Batch processes
    • H01L24/95—Batch processes at chip-level, i.e. with connecting carried out on a plurality of singulated devices, i.e. on diced chips
    • H01L24/97—Batch processes at chip-level, i.e. with connecting carried out on a plurality of singulated devices, i.e. on diced chips the devices being connected to a common substrate, e.g. interposer, said common substrate being separable into individual assemblies after connecting
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L2224/00—Indexing scheme for arrangements for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies and methods related thereto as covered by H01L24/00
    • H01L2224/01—Means for bonding being attached to, or being formed on, the surface to be connected, e.g. chip-to-package, die-attach, "first-level" interconnects; Manufacturing methods related thereto
    • H01L2224/02—Bonding areas; Manufacturing methods related thereto
    • H01L2224/023—Redistribution layers [RDL] for bonding areas
    • H01L2224/0231—Manufacturing methods of the redistribution layers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L2224/00—Indexing scheme for arrangements for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies and methods related thereto as covered by H01L24/00
    • H01L2224/01—Means for bonding being attached to, or being formed on, the surface to be connected, e.g. chip-to-package, die-attach, "first-level" interconnects; Manufacturing methods related thereto
    • H01L2224/02—Bonding areas; Manufacturing methods related thereto
    • H01L2224/023—Redistribution layers [RDL] for bonding areas
    • H01L2224/0237—Disposition of the redistribution layers
    • H01L2224/02379—Fan-out arrangement
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L2224/00—Indexing scheme for arrangements for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies and methods related thereto as covered by H01L24/00
    • H01L2224/01—Means for bonding being attached to, or being formed on, the surface to be connected, e.g. chip-to-package, die-attach, "first-level" interconnects; Manufacturing methods related thereto
    • H01L2224/02—Bonding areas; Manufacturing methods related thereto
    • H01L2224/04—Structure, shape, material or disposition of the bonding areas prior to the connecting process
    • H01L2224/0401—Bonding areas specifically adapted for bump connectors, e.g. under bump metallisation [UBM]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L2224/00—Indexing scheme for arrangements for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies and methods related thereto as covered by H01L24/00
    • H01L2224/01—Means for bonding being attached to, or being formed on, the surface to be connected, e.g. chip-to-package, die-attach, "first-level" interconnects; Manufacturing methods related thereto
    • H01L2224/18—High density interconnect [HDI] connectors; Manufacturing methods related thereto

Abstract

A method for forming a packaging structure comprises the steps of forming a first shielding layer for coating the non-functional surface and the side wall surface of a semiconductor chip after the functional surfaces of a plurality of semiconductor chips are bonded on a carrier plate, wherein the surface of the first shielding layer is in an ellipsoid shape; correspondingly adhering the electronic elements without shielding on the carrier plate at one side of each semiconductor chip; forming a plastic packaging layer covering the second shielding layer, the electronic element without shielding and the carrier plate; and stripping the carrier plate to form a pre-sealing panel. The first shielding layer that has the ellipsoid surface that forms not only first shielding layer itself can be even and complete cover semiconductor chip's non-functional face and lateral wall surface to when the ellipsoid surface of first shielding layer formed the second shielding layer, the problem that thickness is inhomogeneous and the edge covers is not good can not appear in the second shielding layer, thereby makes the whole shielding layer that first shielding layer and the second shielding layer that forms both complete, has improved shielded effect.

Description

Forming method of packaging structure
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of semiconductor manufacturing, in particular to a forming method of a packaging structure with electromagnetic shielding.
Background
The rapid development of new generation electronic products pushes the integrated circuit package to develop towards high density, high frequency, miniaturization and high integration, and the high frequency chip often generates strong electromagnetic waves to cause undesirable interference or noise inside and outside the package and the chip; in addition, the density of electronic components is increasing, and the distance of transmission lines is becoming closer, so that the problem of electromagnetic interference from inside and outside the integrated circuit package is becoming more serious, and the quality, the service life and the like of the integrated circuit are also being reduced.
In electronic devices and products, Electromagnetic Interference (Electromagnetic Interference) energy is transmitted by conductive coupling and radiative coupling. In order to meet the requirement of electromagnetic compatibility, a filtering technology is required to be adopted for conductive coupling, namely an EMI filtering device is adopted for inhibiting; the radiation coupling needs to be suppressed by adopting shielding technology. The importance of the method is more prominent under the condition that the electromagnetic environment of equipment and a system is increasingly deteriorated due to the factors that the current electromagnetic spectrum is increasingly dense, the electromagnetic power density in a unit volume is increased sharply, a large number of high-level devices or low-level devices are mixed and used, and the like.
An existing electromagnetic shielding solution is mainly to provide a magnetic field shielding layer on a semiconductor package structure for shielding electromagnetic interference between chips, but the effect of the existing electromagnetic shielding still needs to be improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is how to improve the electromagnetic shielding effect of the existing packaging structure.
The invention provides a forming method of a packaging structure, which comprises the following steps:
providing a plurality of semiconductor chips, wherein each semiconductor chip comprises a functional surface and a non-functional surface opposite to the functional surface, and the functional surface is provided with a plurality of first bonding pads;
providing an electronic element without shielding, wherein the surface of the electronic element without shielding is provided with a plurality of second bonding pads;
providing a carrier plate;
bonding the functional surfaces of the plurality of semiconductor chips on a carrier plate;
correspondingly adhering the electronic element without shielding on the carrier plate at one side of each semiconductor chip, wherein the surface of the electronic element without shielding, which is provided with the second bonding pad, is opposite to the adhering surface of the carrier plate;
forming a first shielding layer for coating the surface of the non-functional surface and the side wall of the semiconductor chip, wherein the surface of the first shielding layer is in an ellipsoid shape;
forming a second shielding layer on the first shielding layer;
forming a plastic packaging layer covering the second shielding layer, the electronic element without shielding and the carrier plate;
peeling the carrier plate to form a pre-sealing panel, wherein a first bonding pad on the functional surface of the semiconductor chip and a second bonding pad of the electronic element which does not need shielding are exposed from the back surface of the pre-sealing panel;
and forming a first external contact structure connected with the first bonding pad and a second external contact structure connected with the second bonding pad on the back surface of the pre-cover plate.
Optionally, the first shielding layer is directly formed on the non-functional surface and the sidewall surface of the semiconductor chip through a dispensing process or a screen printing process; the second shielding layer is formed by sputtering, a selective plating process, a dispensing process or a screen printing process.
Optionally, the first shielding layer is made of solder or conductive silver paste, and the second shielding layer is made of copper, tungsten, aluminum, solder or conductive silver paste.
Optionally, the method further includes: forming an intermediate material layer on the surface of the non-functional surface and the side wall of the semiconductor chip, wherein the intermediate material layer has an ellipsoidal surface; and forming a first shielding layer on the surface of the intermediate material layer, wherein the first shielding layer also has an ellipsoidal surface.
Optionally, the first shielding layer is a magnetic field shielding layer, and the second shielding layer is an electric field shielding layer; or the first shielding layer is an electric field shielding layer, and the second shielding layer is a magnetic field shielding layer.
Optionally, the electric field shielding layer is made of copper, tungsten, or aluminum; the magnetic field shielding layer is made of CoFeB alloy, CoFeTa, NiFe, Co, CoFe, CoPt or Ni, Co and Fe alloy.
Optionally, the functional surface of the semiconductor chip is further provided with a bottom shielding layer, the bottom shielding layer covers the whole functional surface of the semiconductor chip, the peripheral edge of the bottom shielding layer is flush with the peripheral side wall of the semiconductor chip, the plurality of first pads penetrate through the bottom shielding layer, and the first pads are isolated from the bottom shielding layer through an isolation layer; and when the first shielding layer is formed, the first shielding layer is connected with the peripheral edge of the bottom shielding layer.
Optionally, the forming process of the semiconductor chip with the bottom shielding layer is as follows: providing a wafer, wherein a plurality of semiconductor chips are formed on the wafer, and each semiconductor chip comprises a top dielectric layer and a top interconnection structure positioned in the top dielectric layer; forming an isolation layer on the top dielectric layer; etching the isolation layer, forming a plurality of first openings and second openings surrounding the plurality of first openings in the isolation layer, and enabling the rest isolation layer to be only located between the first openings and the second openings to separate the first openings from the second openings; filling metal materials into the first openings to form a plurality of first bonding pads, and filling metal materials into the second openings to form a bottom shielding layer; and after the first bonding pad and the bottom shielding layer are formed, cutting the wafer to form a plurality of discrete semiconductor chips with the bottom shielding layer.
Optionally, the first pads and the bottom shielding layer are formed by the same process, including the steps of: forming a metal material layer in the first opening and the second opening and on the surface of the isolation layer; and planarizing to remove the metal material layer higher than the surface of the isolation layer, forming a first bonding pad in the first opening, and forming a bottom shielding layer in the second opening.
Optionally, the first external contact structure includes a rewiring layer located on the back surface of the pre-cover plate and connected to the first pad, and an external contact located on the rewiring layer and connected to the rewiring layer.
Optionally, after the carrier board is peeled off, an insulating layer is formed on the back surface of the pre-sealing panel, and a first opening exposing the surface of the first pad and a second opening exposing the surface of the second pad are formed in the insulating layer; forming a rewiring layer in the first opening and on the surface of part of the insulating layer; forming an external contact on a surface of the rewiring layer outside the first opening; forming a second external contact structure in the second opening.
Optionally, the second external contact structure is a solder ball.
Optionally, the method further includes: and a conductive contact structure in the insulating layer electrically connecting the first shield layer with a portion of the rewiring layer.
Optionally, after the forming the first external contact structure and the second external contact structure, the method further includes: and cutting the pre-sealing panel to form a plurality of separated packaging structures.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention has the following advantages:
according to the forming method of the packaging structure, after the functional surfaces of the plurality of semiconductor chips are bonded on the carrier plate, the first shielding layer which coats the non-functional surfaces and the side wall surfaces of the semiconductor chips is formed, and the surfaces of the first shielding layer are in an ellipsoid shape; correspondingly adhering the electronic element without shielding on the carrier plate on one side of each semiconductor chip, wherein the surface of the electronic element without shielding, which is provided with the second bonding pad, is opposite to the adhering surface of the carrier plate; forming a plastic package layer covering the second shielding layer, the electronic element without shielding and the carrier plate; peeling off the carrier plate to form a pre-sealing panel, wherein a first bonding pad on a functional surface of the semiconductor chip and a second bonding pad of the electronic element which does not need shielding are exposed from the back surface of the pre-sealing panel; and forming a first external contact structure connected with the first bonding pad and a second external contact structure connected with the second bonding pad on the back surface of the pre-cover plate. The first shielding layer that has the ellipsoid form surface that forms not only first shielding layer itself can be even and complete the cover semiconductor chip's non-functional face and lateral wall surface to when the ellipsoid form surface of first shielding layer formed the second shielding layer, the problem that thickness is inhomogeneous and the edge covers not well can not appear in the second shielding layer, thereby make the whole shielding layer that first shielding layer and the second shielding layer that forms both be complete, improved shielded effect. In addition, the invention realizes the integrated packaging of the semiconductor chip and the electronic element without shielding, and improves the performance of the packaging structure.
Further, forming an intermediate material layer on the surface of the non-functional surface and the sidewall of the semiconductor chip, wherein the intermediate material layer has an ellipsoidal surface; and forming a first shielding layer on the surface of the intermediate material layer, wherein the first shielding layer also has an ellipsoidal surface. Through forming the intermediate level that has ellipsoid form surface, can form the first shielding layer that has different materials through multiple technology on the intermediate level, the first shielding layer that forms also has the surface of ellipsoid type to when forming the first shielding layer on the surface of the ellipsoid form of intermediate material layer, first shielding layer can not receive the influence of closed angle or precipitous lateral wall, makes the uneven and poor problem of edge coverage of thickness can not appear in forming the first shielding layer, thereby has improved the integrality of shielding layer.
Further, the first shielding layer is a magnetic field shielding layer, and the formed second shielding layer is an electric field shielding layer; or first shielding layer is electric field shielding layer, then the second shielding layer that forms is magnetic field shielding layer, through first shielding layer and the second shielding layer that forms aforementioned structure for first shielding layer and second shielding layer shield to electric field or magnetic field respectively, thereby improved the shielding effect of shielding layer, and the second shielding layer can cover the place that thickness is inhomogeneous and edge cover is not good in the first shielding layer to make the whole shielding layer that first shielding layer and second shielding layer both constitute complete, further improved the effect of shielding.
Furthermore, after the first external contact structure and the second external contact structure are formed, the pre-sealing panel is cut to form a plurality of separated packaging structures, so that batch manufacturing of the packaging structures with the first shielding layer and the second shielding layer is realized, and production efficiency is improved.
Furthermore, a bottom shielding layer is further arranged on the functional surface of the semiconductor chip and covers the whole functional surface of the semiconductor chip, the peripheral edge of the bottom shielding layer is flush with the peripheral side wall of the semiconductor chip, a plurality of first bonding pads penetrate through the bottom shielding layer, and the first bonding pads are isolated from the bottom shielding layer through an isolation layer; and when the first shielding layer is formed, the first shielding layer is connected with the peripheral edge of the bottom shielding layer. That is, in this embodiment, after the first shielding layer is formed, the second shielding layer is formed on the first shielding layer, so that the second shielding layer can cover the place with uneven thickness and poor edge coverage in the first shielding layer, so that the whole shielding layer formed by the first shielding layer and the second shielding layer is complete, the shielding effect is improved, and because the bottom shielding layer is further provided on the functional surface of the semiconductor chip, when the first shielding layer is formed, the first shielding layer is connected with the peripheral edge of the bottom shielding layer, so that the semiconductor chip in the package structure is completely or omnidirectionally covered by the bottom shielding layer and the first shielding layer, and thus the electric field and the magnetic field cannot enter the package structure through the bottom of the package structure to bring electromagnetic interference to the semiconductor chip, thereby realizing the omnidirectional electromagnetic shielding of the semiconductor chip, the electromagnetic shielding effect is further improved.
Further, the forming process of the semiconductor chip with the bottom shielding layer is as follows: providing a wafer, wherein a plurality of semiconductor chips are formed on the wafer, and each semiconductor chip comprises a top dielectric layer and a top interconnection structure positioned in the top dielectric layer; forming an isolation layer on the top dielectric layer; etching the isolation layer, forming a plurality of first openings and second openings surrounding the plurality of first openings in the isolation layer, and enabling the rest isolation layer to be only located between the first openings and the second openings to separate the first openings from the second openings; filling metal materials into the first openings to form a plurality of first bonding pads, and filling metal materials into the second openings to form a bottom shielding layer; and after the first bonding pad and the bottom shielding layer are formed, cutting the wafer to form a plurality of discrete semiconductor chips with the bottom shielding layer. The process not only can form the bottom shielding layer, but also integrates the process of forming the bottom shielding layer with the existing semiconductor chip manufacturing process, and the manufacturing process of the bottom shielding layer can be synchronously carried out with the manufacturing process of the first bonding pad, so that the manufacturing process is simplified, the process difficulty is reduced, and the efficiency is improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1-13 are schematic structural diagrams illustrating a process of forming a package structure according to a first embodiment of the invention;
fig. 14-19 are schematic structural views illustrating a process of forming a package structure according to a second embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
As mentioned in the background, the effectiveness of the conventional electromagnetic shielding is still to be improved.
Research finds that the existing magnetic field shielding layer is generally formed through a sputtering process, and because the thickness of the semiconductor packaging structure is generally thick and the semiconductor packaging structure is generally rectangular, the semiconductor packaging structure is provided with a plurality of top angles and has steep side walls, when the magnetic field shielding layer covering the semiconductor packaging structure is formed through the sputtering process, the thickness of the formed magnetic field shielding layer is easily uneven, and the edge of the semiconductor packaging structure can have an uncovered condition, so that the shielding effect of the magnetic field shielding layer is difficult to guarantee.
The invention provides a packaging structure and a forming method thereof, wherein the forming method comprises the steps of bonding functional surfaces of a plurality of semiconductor chips on a carrier plate, and then forming a first shielding layer for coating the surfaces of non-functional surfaces and side walls of the semiconductor chips, wherein the surface of the first shielding layer is in an ellipsoid shape; correspondingly adhering the electronic element without shielding on the carrier plate on one side of each semiconductor chip, wherein the surface of the electronic element without shielding, which is provided with the second bonding pad, is opposite to the adhering surface of the carrier plate; forming a plastic packaging layer covering the second shielding layer, the electronic element without shielding and the carrier plate; peeling the carrier plate to form a pre-cover plate, wherein a first bonding pad on the functional surface of the semiconductor chip and a second bonding pad of the electronic element which does not need shielding are exposed from the back surface of the pre-cover plate; and forming a first external contact structure connected with the first bonding pad and a second external contact structure connected with the second bonding pad on the back surface of the pre-cover plate. The first shielding layer that has the ellipsoid surface of formation not only first shielding layer itself can be even and complete cover semiconductor chip's non-functional surface and lateral wall surface to when the ellipsoid surface of first shielding layer formed the second shielding layer, the problem that thickness is inhomogeneous and the edge covers is not good can not appear in the second shielding layer, thereby makes the whole shielding layer that first shielding layer and the second shielding layer that forms both constitute complete, has improved shielded effect.
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below. In describing the embodiments of the present invention in detail, the drawings are not to be considered as being enlarged partially in accordance with the general scale, and the drawings are only examples, which should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. In addition, the three-dimensional dimensions of length, width and depth should be included in the actual fabrication.
Fig. 1-13 are schematic structural views illustrating a process of forming a package structure according to a first embodiment of the invention.
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view along a cutting line AB in fig. 1, a plurality of semiconductor chips 101 are provided, each semiconductor chip 101 includes a functional surface and a non-functional surface opposite to the functional surface, and the functional surface has a plurality of first pads 102 thereon.
An integrated circuit (not shown) is formed in the functional surface of the semiconductor chip 101, a plurality of first pads 102 are formed on the functional surface of the semiconductor chip 101, the first pads 102 are electrically connected to the integrated circuit in the semiconductor chip 101, and the first pads 102 serve as ports for electrically connecting the integrated circuit in the semiconductor chip 101 to the outside.
The functional surface of the semiconductor chip 101 is a surface for forming an integrated circuit, the non-functional surface is a surface facing the functional surface, and the peripheral surface between the functional surface and the non-functional surface is a sidewall of the semiconductor chip 101.
The semiconductor chip 101 is formed by a semiconductor integrated manufacturing process, specifically referring to fig. 1 and 2, a wafer 100 is provided, and the wafer 100 includes a plurality of chip regions arranged in rows and columns and scribe line regions located between the chip regions; correspondingly forming a plurality of semiconductor chips 101 in a plurality of chip areas of the wafer 100, and forming a plurality of first bonding pads 102 on the functional surface of the semiconductor chips 101; referring to fig. 3, after forming a plurality of first pads, the wafer 100 is diced along dicing streets to form a plurality of discrete semiconductor chips 101.
In one embodiment, the material of the wafer 100 may be single crystal silicon (Si), single crystal germanium (Ge), or silicon germanium (GeSi), silicon carbide (SiC); or silicon-on-insulator (SOI), germanium-on-insulator (GOI); or may be other materials such as group iii-v compounds such as gallium arsenide.
In an embodiment, the integrated circuit in the semiconductor chip 101 may include several semiconductor devices (such as transistors, memories, diodes and/or transistors, etc.) and an interconnection structure (including metal lines and metal plugs) for connecting the semiconductor devices.
In this embodiment, the semiconductor chip 101 is a semiconductor chip that needs to be electromagnetically shielded.
Referring to fig. 4, a carrier 201 is provided; the functional surfaces of the semiconductor chips 101 are bonded to the carrier board 201.
The carrier plate 201 serves as a support platform for a subsequent process, the carrier plate 201 may be a glass carrier plate, a silicon carrier plate or a metal carrier plate, and the carrier plate 201 may also be a carrier plate made of other suitable materials.
The semiconductor chip 101 is bonded to the surface of the carrier 201 through an adhesive layer, and the functional surface (or the first pad 102) of the semiconductor chip 101 faces the adhesive surface of the carrier 201.
The adhesive layer may be made of various materials, and in one embodiment, the adhesive layer is made of a UV glue. UV glue is a glue material that reacts to ultraviolet radiation of a particular wavelength. The UV adhesive can be divided into two types according to the change of viscosity after ultraviolet irradiation, wherein one type is UV curing adhesive, namely, a photoinitiator or a photosensitizer in the material generates active free radicals or cations after absorbing ultraviolet light under the irradiation of ultraviolet light, and initiates monomer polymerization, crosslinking and grafting chemical reaction, so that the ultraviolet curing adhesive is converted from a liquid state to a solid state within several seconds, and the surface of an object in contact with the ultraviolet curing adhesive is bonded; another type of UV glue is highly viscous in the absence of UV radiation, and the cross-linking chemical bonds within the material are broken after UV radiation resulting in a substantial decrease or loss of viscosity. The latter is the UV glue used for the adhesive layer. The adhesive layer may be formed through a film attaching process, a glue printing process, or a glue rolling process.
In other embodiments, the material of the bonding layer may also be epoxy glue, polyimide glue, polyethylene glue, benzocyclobutene glue or polybenzoxazole glue.
The semiconductor chips 101 are uniformly bonded to the carrier 201 in a row-column arrangement.
With continued reference to fig. 4, a non-shielding electronic component 401 is provided, the surface of the non-shielding electronic component 401 having a plurality of second pads 402; the electronic component 402 without shielding is correspondingly adhered to the carrier board 201 on one side of each semiconductor chip 101, and the surface of the electronic component 401 without shielding, which has the second pad 402, is opposite to the adhesion surface of the carrier board 201.
The electronic component 401 without shielding is an electronic component without electromagnetic shielding, the electronic component 401 without shielding may be a heterogeneous chip or a passive component, the heterogeneous chip may be a chip different from the semiconductor chip 101 in function or type, and the passive component may be a capacitor or an inductor.
Signals generated in the electronic component 401 not requiring shielding or external signals are input and output through the second pad 402.
The electronic component 402 without shielding is correspondingly bonded to the carrier 201 on one side of each semiconductor chip 101, and after the pre-cover plate is subsequently cut, each semiconductor chip and the corresponding electronic component 402 without shielding are packaged in the same independent packaging structure.
The electronic component 402 that does not need to be shielded may be bonded to the carrier board with the semiconductor chip 101 through the same adhesive layer.
Referring to fig. 5, a first shielding layer 103 is formed to cover the non-functional surface and the sidewall surface of the semiconductor chip 101.
In this embodiment, the first shielding layer 103 is directly formed on the non-functional surface and the sidewall surface of the semiconductor chip 103 through a dispensing process or a screen printing process, the first shielding layer is not formed on the carrier plates on the two sides of the semiconductor chip 101, and the formed first shielding layer 103 can uniformly and completely cover the non-functional surface and the sidewall surface of the semiconductor chip. The material of the first shielding layer 103 may be solder or conductive silver paste, and the solder or the conductive silver paste is dispensed on the surface of the non-functional surface and the sidewall of the semiconductor chip 101 by a dispensing process to form the first shielding layer 103 with an ellipsoidal surface. A solder layer is formed on the nonfunctional surface and the sidewall surface of the semiconductor chip 101 by a screen printing process, and a reflow process is performed to form the first shielding layer 103 having an ellipsoidal surface. The solder is one or more of tin, tin-silver, tin-lead, tin-silver-copper, tin-silver-zinc, tin-bismuth-indium, tin-gold, tin-copper, tin-zinc-indium or tin-silver-antimony.
The surface of the first shielding layer 103 is ellipsoidal, which means that the surface of the first shielding layer 103 does not have a sharp angle, the surface of the first shielding layer 103 is arc-shaped, the formed first shielding layer 103 with the ellipsoidal surface can not only uniformly and completely cover the first shielding layer 103 itself but also cover the non-functional surface and the side wall surface of the semiconductor chip 101, and subsequently, when the ellipsoidal surface of the first shielding layer 103 forms the second shielding layer, the problems of non-uniform thickness and poor edge coverage can not occur in the second shielding layer, so that the whole shielding layers formed by the first shielding layer 103 and the subsequently formed second shielding layer are complete, and the shielding effect is improved.
In this embodiment, the first shielding layer 103 is formed as a shielding layer for an electric field and a magnetic field, the first shielding layer 103 is used for shielding the electric field and the magnetic field, the second shielding layer formed subsequently is also formed as a shielding layer for the electric field and the magnetic field, and the second shielding layer is used for shielding the electric field and the magnetic field.
Research shows that the existing shielding layer needs to shield both an electric field and a magnetic field, while the existing single-layer shielding layer made of a specific material or multiple layers of shielding layers made of the same material or similar materials only have a good shielding effect on the electric field, and the shielding effect on the magnetic field is relatively weak, so that the shielding effect of the shielding layer is influenced. Thus, in other embodiments, the first shielding layer 103 is a magnetic field shielding layer for shielding a magnetic field, and the second shielding layer formed subsequently is an electric field shielding layer for shielding an electric field; or the first shielding layer is an electric field shielding layer, the first shielding layer is used for shielding an electric field, the second shielding layer is a magnetic field shielding layer, the second shielding layer is used for shielding a magnetic field, and the first shielding layer and the second shielding layer are respectively shielded against the electric field or the magnetic field by forming the first shielding layer and the second shielding layer of the structure, so that the shielding effect of the shielding layer is improved. When the first shielding layer 103 is an electric field shielding layer, the material of the first shielding layer 103 (electric field shielding layer) is copper, tungsten, or aluminum; when the first shielding layer 103 is a magnetic field shielding layer, the material of the first shielding layer 103 (magnetic field shielding layer) is CoFeB alloy, CoFeTa, NiFe, Co, CoFe, CoPt, or an alloy of Ni, Co, and Fe. The first shielding layer 103 may be formed by sputtering, physical vapor deposition, atomic layer deposition, or chemical vapor deposition, or other suitable processes.
In another embodiment, referring to fig. 6, an intermediate material layer 116 is formed on the surface of the non-functional surface and the sidewall of the semiconductor chip 101, wherein the intermediate material layer 116 has an ellipsoidal surface; the first shielding layer 103 is formed on the surface of the intermediate material layer 116, and the first shielding layer 103 also has an ellipsoidal surface. By forming the intermediate material layer 116 having an ellipsoidal surface, the first shielding layer 103 having different materials can be formed on the intermediate material layer 116 by a plurality of processes, and the formed first shielding layer 103 also has an ellipsoidal surface, and when the first shielding layer 103 is formed on the ellipsoidal surface of the intermediate material layer 116, the first shielding layer 103 is not affected by sharp corners or steep side walls, so that the problems of uneven thickness and poor edge coverage do not occur in the formation of the first shielding layer 103, thereby improving the integrity of the shielding layer
Specifically, the material of the intermediate material layer 116 may be non-conductive glue, conductive silver glue, flowable resin, or solder, and the material forming the intermediate material layer 116 may be a dispensing process or a screen printing process. The first shielding layer 103 with an ellipsoidal surface formed on the intermediate material layer 116 may be formed by sputtering, a selective plating process, a dispensing process, or a screen printing process, and the material of the first shielding layer 103 may be copper, tungsten, aluminum, solder, or conductive silver paste, or may be the magnetic shielding layer and the electric field shielding layer mentioned later.
The intermediate material layer 116 may also cover the sidewalls and top surface of the electronic component 402 that does not require shielding. In other embodiments, the intermediate material layer 116 may cover only the surface of the non-functional side and the sidewall of the semiconductor chip 101.
Referring to fig. 7, a second shield layer 104 is formed on the first shield layer 103.
In this embodiment, the second shielding layer 104 is only located on the surface of the first shielding layer 103 covering the non-functional surface and the sidewall surface of the semiconductor chip, and the surface of the second shielding layer 104 is ellipsoidal, the second shielding layer 104 is formed by a selective plating process, a dispensing process or a screen printing process, so that the formed second shielding layer 104 can better cover the first shielding layer, thereby preventing the second shielding layer 104 from having a place with poor coverage, further ensuring the integrity of the whole shielding layer formed by the first shielding layer 103 and the second shielding layer 104, and removing the semiconductor chip without additional mask or etching process.
The material of the second shielding layer 104 is copper, solder or conductive silver paste. When the material of the second shielding layer 104 is copper, the second shielding layer 104 is formed by a selective plating process, specifically: forming a mask layer (not shown in the figure) on the carrier 201, wherein the mask layer has an opening exposing the non-functional surface of the semiconductor chip 101 and the first shielding layer 103 on the sidewall surface; forming a second shielding layer 104 in the opening by electroplating with the first shielding layer 103 as a conductive layer during electroplating; and removing the mask layer.
The material of the second shielding layer 104 is solder or conductive silver paste, and the second shielding layer 104 may be formed by a dispensing process or a screen printing process. Specifically, when the dispensing process is performed, solder or conductive silver paste is dispensed on the sidewall of the semiconductor chip 101 and the surface of the first shielding layer 103 on the nonfunctional surface. When screen printing is performed, firstly, a screen with meshes is placed on the carrier plate 201, and each semiconductor chip 101 is correspondingly positioned in one mesh in the screen; brushing solder into the mesh, wherein the solder covers the side wall of the semiconductor chip 101 and the surface of the first shielding layer 103 on the non-functional surface; removing the web; the solder is reflowed to form a second shield layer 104 on the first shield layer 103.
In one embodiment, the solder is one or more of tin, tin-silver, tin-lead, tin-silver-copper, tin-silver-zinc, tin-bismuth-indium, tin-gold, tin-copper, tin-zinc-indium, or tin-silver-antimony.
In other embodiments, the second shielding layer may be formed by sputtering, the material of the second shielding layer is metal such as copper, tungsten, aluminum, etc., the formed second shielding layer is not only located on the surface of the first shielding layer 103 covering the non-functional surface and the sidewall surface of the semiconductor chip 101, but also located on the surface of the carrier board 201 on both sides of the semiconductor chip 101 and the surface of the electronic component 401 without shielding; after sputtering, the first shielding layer on the carrier 201 on both sides of the semiconductor chip 101 and on the surface of the electronic component 401 that does not need shielding is removed by an etching process.
In other embodiments, the first shielding layer 103 is a magnetic field shielding layer, and the formed second shielding layer 104 is an electric field shielding layer; or the first shielding layer 103 is an electric field shielding layer, the formed second shielding layer 104 is a magnetic field shielding layer, and the first shielding layer and the second shielding layer of the aforementioned structure are formed to shield the electric field or the magnetic field respectively, so that the shielding effect of the shielding layer is improved. When the second shielding layer 104 is an electric field shielding layer, the material of the second shielding layer 104 (electric field shielding layer) is copper, tungsten, or aluminum; when the second shielding layer 104 is a magnetic field shielding layer, the material of the second shielding layer 104 (magnetic field shielding layer) is CoFeB alloy, CoFeTa, NiFe, Co, CoFe, CoPt, or an alloy of Ni, Co, and Fe. The second shielding layer 104 may be formed by sputtering, physical vapor deposition, atomic layer deposition, or chemical vapor deposition, or other suitable processes.
Referring to fig. 8, a molding layer 105 covering the second shielding layer 104, the electronic component 402 without shielding and the carrier 201 is formed.
The molding compound layer 105 is used to seal and fix the semiconductor chip 101 and the electronic component 402 without shielding, so as to form a pre-packaged panel later.
The plastic sealing layer 105 may be made of one or more of epoxy resin, polyimide resin, benzocyclobutene resin, polybenzoxazole resin, polybutylene terephthalate, polycarbonate, polyethylene terephthalate, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyolefin, polyurethane, polyolefin, polyethersulfone, polyamide, polyurethane, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, or polyvinyl alcohol.
The molding layer 105 may be formed by injection molding (injection molding) or transfer molding (transfer molding) or other suitable processes.
With reference to fig. 9, the carrier board 201 is peeled off (with reference to fig. 8), forming the pre-cover board 10, and the back surface of the pre-cover board 10 exposes the first pads 102 on the functional surface of the semiconductor chip 101 and the second pads 402 of the electronic component 401 that does not need shielding.
The carrier 201 is peeled off by removing the adhesive layer by chemical etching, mechanical peeling, CMP, mechanical polishing, thermal baking, or the like.
The back surface of the pre-cover plate 10 is a surface that is in contact with a carrier plate 201 (refer to fig. 8).
In an embodiment, after the carrier 201 is stripped, the first shielding layer 103 on the back surface of the pre-sealing board 10 on one side of the semiconductor chip 101 is removed by wet etching or dry etching. In a specific embodiment, when the first shielding layer 103 is removed, a portion of the first shielding layer on the surface of the second pad 402 may remain or be removed.
Referring to fig. 10 and 11, a first external contact structure connected to the first pad 102 is formed on the back surface of the pre-cover board 10, and a second external contact structure 125 connected to the second pad 402 is formed on the back surface of the pre-cover board.
In this embodiment, the first external contact structure includes a redistribution layer 123 on the back surface of the pre-sealing panel 10 and connected to the first pad 102, and an external contact 124 on the redistribution layer 123 and connected to the redistribution layer 123. The first pads 102 on each semiconductor chip 101 are connected to corresponding external contact structures.
In one embodiment, the formation of the redistribution layer 123 and the external contact 124 includes: forming an insulating layer (first insulating layer) 121 on the back surface of the pre-packaged panel 10, wherein a first opening exposing the surface of the first pad 102 is formed in the insulating layer (first insulating layer) 121, and the insulating layer (first insulating layer) 121 may be made of silicon nitride, borosilicate glass, phosphosilicate glass or borophosphosilicate glass; forming a rewiring layer 123 in the first opening and on a surface of a part of the insulating layer (first insulating layer) 121; an external contact 124 is formed on the surface of the rewiring layer outside the first opening. In one embodiment, the external contact 124 is a solder ball or includes a metal pillar and a solder ball on the metal pillar, and the external contact 124 is formed by: forming an insulating layer (second insulating layer) 122 on the insulating layer (first insulating layer) 121 and the rewiring layer 123, the insulating layer (second insulating layer) 122 having a third opening exposing a portion of the surface of the rewiring layer 123 on the surface of the insulating layer (first insulating layer) 121; an external contact 124 is formed in the third opening.
The insulating layer (first insulating layer) 121 and the insulating layer (second insulating layer) 122 further have a second opening exposing the surface of the second pad 402 (or a portion of the surface of the first shielding layer on the second pad 402); a second external contact structure 125 is formed in the second opening.
In one embodiment, the second external contact structure 125 is a solder ball, or the second external contact structure includes a metal pillar and a solder ball on the metal pillar.
In an embodiment, a conductive contact structure (not shown in the figure) is further formed on the insulating layer (first insulating layer) 121 to electrically connect the first shielding layer 103 and a portion of the redistribution layer 123, so that the shielding layer can discharge electricity or block electrostatic interference from the outside through the portion of the redistribution layer 123.
In an embodiment, forming a connection line (not shown in the figure) in the insulating layer to electrically connect a portion of the first pads 102 of the semiconductor chip 101 and a portion of the second pads 402 of the electronic component 402 that does not need shielding so that there is transmission of electrical signals between the semiconductor chip 101 and the electronic component 402 that does not need shielding, so that mutual signals can be processed to improve performance of the package structure.
Referring to fig. 12 and 13, after the first external contact structure and the second external contact structure are formed, the pre-cover board 10 is cut to form a plurality of separated package structures 11.
Each package structure 11 includes a molding compound layer 105, the molding compound layer 105 has a semiconductor chip 101 and an electronic component 401 without shielding located on one side of the semiconductor chip 101, the semiconductor chip 101 includes a functional surface and a non-functional surface opposite to the functional surface, the functional surface has a plurality of first pads 102, the surface of the electronic component 401 without shielding has a plurality of second pads 402, and the first pads 102 and the second pads 402 are exposed out of the molding compound layer 105; the semiconductor chip package structure comprises a first shielding layer 103 and a second shielding layer 104 which are positioned between a semiconductor chip 101 and a plastic packaging layer 105, wherein the first shielding layer 103 covers the surface of the non-functional surface and the surface of the side wall of the semiconductor chip 101, the surface of the first shielding layer 103 is in an ellipsoid shape, and the second shielding layer 104 is positioned between the first shielding layer 103 and the plastic packaging layer 105 and completely covers the surface of the first shielding layer 103 on the non-functional surface and the surface of the side wall of the semiconductor chip 101;
a first external contact structure (123 and 124) on the back surface of the molding layer 105 and connected to the first pad 102;
and a second external contact structure 125 on the back surface of the molding layer 105 connected to the second pad 402.
The invention realizes the batch production of the packaging structure 11 with the first shielding layer 103 and the second shielding layer 104 by the semiconductor integrated manufacturing process, and improves the production efficiency.
Fig. 14-19 are schematic structural views illustrating a process of forming a package structure according to a second embodiment of the invention. The second embodiment differs from the first embodiment in that: the semiconductor chip comprises a semiconductor chip, a bottom shielding layer, a plurality of first bonding pads, an isolation layer and a plurality of first bonding pads, wherein the functional surface of the semiconductor chip is also provided with the bottom shielding layer, the bottom shielding layer covers the whole functional surface of the semiconductor chip, the peripheral edges of the bottom shielding layer are flush with the peripheral side walls of the semiconductor chip, the plurality of first bonding pads penetrate through the bottom shielding layer, and the first bonding pads are isolated from the bottom shielding layer through the isolation layer; when the first shielding layer is formed, the first shielding layer is connected with the peripheral edge of the bottom shielding layer. That is, in this embodiment, not only after the first shielding layer is formed, the second shielding layer is formed on the first shielding layer, so that the second shielding layer can cover the place with uneven thickness and poor edge coverage in the first shielding layer, so that the whole shielding layer formed by the first shielding layer and the second shielding layer is complete, the shielding effect is improved, and because the bottom shielding layer is further provided on the functional surface of the semiconductor chip, when the first shielding layer is formed, the first shielding layer is connected with the peripheral edge of the bottom shielding layer, so that the semiconductor chip in the package structure is completely or omnidirectionally covered by the bottom shielding layer and the first shielding layer, and thus the electric field and the magnetic field cannot enter the package structure through the bottom of the package structure to bring electromagnetic interference to the semiconductor chip, thereby realizing the electromagnetic shielding of the semiconductor chip in all directions, the electromagnetic shielding effect is further improved.
The forming process of the semiconductor chip with the bottom shielding layer comprises the following steps: referring to fig. 14, a wafer 100 is provided, a plurality of semiconductor chips 101 are formed on the wafer 100, the semiconductor chips 101 include a top dielectric layer 108 and a top interconnection structure 109 located in the top dielectric layer 108, the semiconductor chips further include a plurality of semiconductor devices (such as transistors, etc.) formed on a surface of the wafer (or semiconductor substrate), a plurality of interlayer dielectric layers located between the top dielectric layer 108 and the surface of the wafer 100, each interlayer dielectric layer has a corresponding interconnection structure therein, the interconnection structures in the interlayer dielectric layers can be interconnected with each other from top to bottom or electrically connected to the semiconductor devices, and the top interconnection structure 109 in the top dielectric layer 108 can be electrically connected to the interconnection structure in the interlayer dielectric layer of the adjacent layer; an isolation layer is formed on the top dielectric layer 108.
In this embodiment, the isolation layer is a double-layer stacked structure, and includes a first isolation layer 110 and a second isolation layer 111 located on the first isolation layer 110, the materials of the first isolation layer 110 and the second isolation layer 111 are different, the materials of the first isolation layer 110 and the second isolation layer 111 may be one of silicon oxide, silicon nitride, and silicon oxynitride, so as to facilitate the subsequent accurate control of the depth of the formed second opening, and prevent over-etching of the isolation layer when the second opening is formed, so that the second opening exposes a part of the surface of a top-layer interconnection structure 109 in the top-layer dielectric layer 108, and subsequently cause a short circuit between the top-layer interconnection structures 109 when a bottom-layer shielding layer is formed in the second opening. In other embodiments, the isolation layer may be a single layer structure.
Referring to fig. 15, the isolation layer is etched, a plurality of first openings 112 and a second opening 113 surrounding the plurality of first openings 112 are formed in the isolation layer, and the remaining isolation layer 111 is only located between the first openings 112 and the second openings 112, separating the first openings 112 and the second openings 111.
The first openings 112 are discrete, the first openings 112 penetrate the isolation layer, each first opening 112 may correspondingly expose a portion of the surface of the top-level interconnect structure 109, and the first openings 112 are filled with metal to form first pads.
The second opening 113 surrounds the first opening 112, the second opening 113 and the first opening 112 are separated by the isolation layer 111, the depth of the second opening 113 is smaller than the thickness of the isolation layer, the first opening 112 and the area outside the isolation layer 111 surrounding the first opening 112 all correspond to the area of the second opening 113, the third opening 113 is communicated, when a bottom shielding layer is formed in the third opening 113, the bottom shielding layer can cover all the areas of the functional surface of the semiconductor chip 101 except the first pad (formed in the first opening 112) and the isolation layer surrounding the first pad, when the first shielding layer is formed on the surface of the non-functional surface and the sidewall of the semiconductor chip 101, the first shielding layer is connected with the peripheral edge of the bottom shielding layer, so that the semiconductor chip in the package structure is completely or omnidirectionally covered by the bottom shielding layer and the first shielding layer, therefore, the electric field and the magnetic field can not enter the packaging structure through the bottom of the packaging structure to bring electromagnetic interference to the semiconductor chip, so that the semiconductor chip is electromagnetically shielded in all directions, and the electromagnetic shielding effect is further improved.
In this embodiment, a first etching process is used to etch the second isolation layer 111, and the first isolation layer 110 is used as a stop layer, so as to form a second opening in the second isolation layer 111; then, a second etching process is performed to etch the second isolation layer 111 and the first isolation layer 110, a first opening is formed in the second isolation layer 111 and the first isolation layer 110, and before the first etching process or the second etching process is performed, a corresponding mask layer may be formed on the surface of the second isolation layer 110. It should be noted that the second etching process may also be performed before the first etching process.
In other embodiments, when the isolation layer is a single-layer structure, two etching processes may be performed to form the first opening and the second opening, respectively, and the depth of the formed second opening is controlled by controlling the time of the etching processes (the depth of the second opening is smaller than the thickness of the isolation layer).
Referring to fig. 16, a metal material is filled in the first openings to form first pads 102, and a metal material is filled in the second openings to form a bottom shielding layer 114; referring to fig. 17, after the first pads 102 and the bottom shielding layer 114 are formed, the wafer is diced to form a plurality of discrete semiconductor chips 101 having the bottom shielding layer 114.
In one embodiment, the first pads 102 and the bottom shield layer 114 are formed by the same process, including the steps of: forming a metal material layer in the first opening and the second opening and on the surface of the isolation layer, wherein the metal material layer is formed by physical vapor deposition, sputtering or electroplating process, and the metal material layer can be made of one or more of aluminum, nickel, tin, tungsten, platinum, copper, titanium, chromium, tantalum, gold and silver; and removing the metal material layer higher than the surface of the isolation layer by planarization, forming the first bonding pad 102 in the first opening, and forming the bottom shielding layer 114 in the second opening.
Referring to fig. 18, fig. 18 is a schematic top view of the semiconductor chip 101 in fig. 17, and referring to fig. 17 and fig. 18 in combination, a bottom shielding layer 114 is disposed on the functional surface of the semiconductor chip 101, the bottom shielding layer 114 covers the entire functional surface of the semiconductor chip 101, the peripheral edge of the bottom shielding layer 114 is flush with the peripheral sidewall of the semiconductor chip 101, a plurality of first pads 102 penetrate through the bottom shielding layer 114, and the first pads 102 are isolated from the bottom shielding layer 114 by an isolation layer 111.
The process of forming the bottom shielding layer 114 is integrated with the existing semiconductor chip manufacturing process, and the manufacturing process of the bottom shielding layer 114 can be performed synchronously with the manufacturing process of the first bonding pad 102, so that the manufacturing process is simplified, the process difficulty is reduced, and the efficiency is improved.
Referring to fig. 19, the semiconductor chip 101 having the bottom shielding layer 114 is bonded on the carrier board 201, and the first pad 102 and the bottom shielding layer 114 are in contact with the carrier board 201; forming a first shielding layer 103 for covering the non-functional surface and the sidewall surface of the semiconductor chip 101, wherein the surface of the first shielding layer 103 is ellipsoidal; providing an electronic component 401 without shielding, wherein the surface of the electronic component 401 without shielding is provided with a plurality of second bonding pads 402; correspondingly adhering the electronic element 401 without shielding on the carrier plate 201 on one side of each semiconductor chip 101, wherein the surface of the electronic element 401 without shielding, which is provided with the second bonding pad 402, is opposite to the adhering surface of the carrier plate 201; a second shield layer 104 is formed on the first shield layer 103.
Then, peeling off the carrier plate 201 to form a pre-packaged panel, wherein a first bonding pad on a functional surface of the semiconductor chip and a second bonding pad of the electronic element which does not need shielding are exposed on the back surface of the pre-packaged panel; and forming a first external contact structure connected with the first bonding pad and a second external contact structure connected with the second bonding pad on the back surface of the pre-cover panel.
It should be noted that other definitions or descriptions of the same or similar structures in the second embodiment as in the first embodiment are omitted in the second embodiment, and specific reference is made to the definitions or descriptions of corresponding parts in the first embodiment.
An embodiment of the present invention further provides a package structure, please refer to fig. 11 or fig. 19, including:
a pre-packaged panel (10), the pre-packaged panel including a plastic packaging layer 105, the plastic packaging layer 105 having a plurality of semiconductor chips 101 and a non-shielding electronic element 401 located at one side of each semiconductor chip, each semiconductor chip 101 including a functional surface and a non-functional surface opposite to the functional surface, the functional surface having a plurality of first pads 102, the non-shielding electronic element 401 having a plurality of second pads 402, the plastic packaging layer 105 exposing the first pads 102 and the second pads 402;
the semiconductor chip package structure comprises a first shielding layer 103 and a second shielding layer 104, wherein the first shielding layer 103 and the second shielding layer 104 are positioned between a semiconductor chip 101 and a plastic package layer 102, the first shielding layer 103 covers the surface of the non-functional surface and the surface of the side wall of the semiconductor chip 101, the surface of the first shielding layer 103 is in an ellipsoid shape, and the second shielding layer 104 is positioned between the first shielding layer 103 and the plastic package layer 105 and completely covers the surface of the first shielding layer 103 on the non-functional surface and the surface of the side wall of the semiconductor chip 101;
a first external contact structure 12 connected to the first pad on the back surface of the pre-cover plate;
and a second external contact structure 125 connected to the second pad 402 on the back surface of the pre-cover plate.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the substrate is,
the first shielding layer 103 is directly formed on the non-functional surface and the sidewall surface of the semiconductor chip through a dispensing process or a screen printing process; the second shielding layer 104 is formed by sputtering, a selective plating process, a dispensing process, or a screen printing process. The first shielding layer 103 is made of solder or conductive silver paste, and the second shielding layer 104 is made of copper, tungsten, aluminum, solder or conductive silver paste.
In one embodiment, the method further comprises: an intermediate material layer 116 (refer to fig. 6) on the non-functional surface and the sidewall surface of the semiconductor chip 101, the intermediate material layer 116 having an ellipsoidal surface; a first shielding layer 103 disposed on the surface of the intermediate material layer 116, wherein the first shielding layer 103 also has an ellipsoidal surface.
In another embodiment, the first shielding layer 103 is a magnetic field shielding layer and the second shielding layer 104 is an electric field shielding layer; or the first shielding layer 103 is an electric field shielding layer, and the second shielding layer 104 is a magnetic field shielding layer. The electric field shielding layer is made of copper, tungsten and aluminum; the magnetic field shielding layer is made of CoFeB alloy, CoFeTa, NiFe, Co, CoFe, CoPt or Ni, Co and Fe alloy.
In an embodiment, referring to fig. 19, the functional surface of the semiconductor chip 101 further has a bottom shielding layer 114, the bottom shielding layer 114 covers the entire functional surface of the semiconductor chip 101, a peripheral edge of the bottom shielding layer 114 is flush with a peripheral sidewall of the semiconductor chip 101, the first pads 102 penetrate through the bottom shielding layer 114, and the first pads 102 are separated from the bottom shielding layer 114 by an isolation layer 111; the first shield layer 103 is connected to the peripheral edge of the bottom shield layer 114.
In one embodiment, the external contact structure includes a redistribution layer 123 on the back surface of the pre-cover board connected to the first pad 102 and an external contact 124 on the redistribution layer 123 connected to the redistribution layer 123.
An insulating layer (first insulating layer) 121 is arranged on the back surface of the pre-packaged panel, a first opening exposing the surface of the first pad 102 and a second opening exposing the surface of the second pad are arranged in the insulating layer 121, the rewiring layer 123 is arranged in the opening and on the surface of part of the insulating layer 121, and the external contact 124 is arranged on the surface of the rewiring layer 123 outside the opening; the second contact structure 125 is located in the second opening.
An insulating layer (first insulating layer) 122 covering the insulating layer (first insulating layer) 121, the external contact 124 being partially located in the insulating layer (first insulating layer) 122, and the second contact structure 125 being partially located in the insulating layer (first insulating layer) 122.
In one embodiment, the method further comprises: and a conductive contact structure (not shown) in the insulating layer 121 to electrically connect the first shielding layer 103 and a portion of the rewiring layer 123.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (14)

1. A method for forming a package structure, comprising:
providing a plurality of semiconductor chips, wherein each semiconductor chip comprises a functional surface and a non-functional surface opposite to the functional surface, and the functional surface is provided with a plurality of first bonding pads;
providing an electronic element without shielding, wherein the surface of the electronic element without shielding is provided with a plurality of second bonding pads;
providing a carrier plate;
bonding the functional surfaces of the plurality of semiconductor chips on a carrier plate;
correspondingly adhering the electronic element without shielding on the carrier plate at one side of each semiconductor chip, wherein the surface of the electronic element without shielding, which is provided with the second bonding pad, is opposite to the adhering surface of the carrier plate;
forming a first shielding layer for coating the surface of the non-functional surface and the side wall of the semiconductor chip, wherein the surface of the first shielding layer is in an ellipsoid shape;
forming a second shielding layer on the first shielding layer;
forming a plastic packaging layer covering the second shielding layer, the electronic element without shielding and the carrier plate;
peeling the carrier plate to form a pre-sealing panel, wherein a first bonding pad on a functional surface of the semiconductor chip and a second bonding pad of the electronic element which does not need shielding are exposed from the back surface of the pre-sealing panel;
and forming a first external contact structure connected with the first bonding pad and a second external contact structure connected with the second bonding pad on the back surface of the pre-cover plate.
2. The method for forming the package structure according to claim 1, wherein the first shielding layer is directly formed on the non-functional surface and the sidewall surface of the semiconductor chip by a dispensing process or a screen printing process; the second shielding layer is formed by sputtering, a selective plating process, a dispensing process or a screen printing process.
3. The method for forming the package structure according to claim 2, wherein the material of the first shielding layer is solder or conductive silver paste, and the material of the second shielding layer is copper, tungsten, aluminum, solder or conductive silver paste.
4. The method of forming the package structure of claim 1, further comprising: forming an intermediate material layer on the surface of the non-functional surface and the side wall of the semiconductor chip, wherein the intermediate material layer has an ellipsoidal surface; and forming a first shielding layer on the surface of the intermediate material layer, wherein the first shielding layer also has an ellipsoidal surface.
5. The method of forming the package structure according to claim 1 or 4, wherein the first shielding layer is a magnetic field shielding layer, and the second shielding layer is an electric field shielding layer; or the first shielding layer is an electric field shielding layer, and the second shielding layer is a magnetic field shielding layer.
6. The method for forming the package structure according to claim 5, wherein the material of the electric field shielding layer is copper, tungsten, or aluminum; the magnetic field shielding layer is made of CoFeB alloy, CoFeTa, NiFe, Co, CoFe, CoPt or Ni, Co and Fe alloy.
7. The method for forming the package structure according to claim 1, wherein the functional surface of the semiconductor chip further has a bottom shielding layer, the bottom shielding layer covers the entire functional surface of the semiconductor chip, the peripheral edge of the bottom shielding layer is flush with the peripheral sidewall of the semiconductor chip, the first pads penetrate through the bottom shielding layer, and the first pads are isolated from the bottom shielding layer by an isolation layer; when the first shielding layer is formed, the first shielding layer is connected with the peripheral edge of the bottom shielding layer.
8. The method for forming the package structure according to claim 7, wherein the semiconductor chip having the bottom shielding layer is formed by: providing a wafer, wherein a plurality of semiconductor chips are formed on the wafer, and each semiconductor chip comprises a top dielectric layer and a top interconnection structure positioned in the top dielectric layer; forming an isolation layer on the top dielectric layer; etching the isolation layer, forming a plurality of first openings and second openings surrounding the first openings in the isolation layer, wherein the rest of the isolation layer is only positioned between the first openings and the second openings, and the first openings and the second openings are separated; filling a metal material in the first openings to form a plurality of first bonding pads, and filling a metal material in the second openings to form a bottom shielding layer; and after the first bonding pad and the bottom shielding layer are formed, cutting the wafer to form a plurality of discrete semiconductor chips with the bottom shielding layer.
9. The method of forming a package structure according to claim 8, wherein the first pads and the bottom shielding layer are formed by a same process, comprising the steps of: forming a metal material layer in the first opening and the second opening and on the surface of the isolation layer; and planarizing and removing the metal material layer higher than the surface of the isolation layer, forming a first bonding pad in the first opening, and forming a bottom shielding layer in the second opening.
10. The method of forming a package structure according to claim 1, wherein the first external contact structure includes a rewiring layer on the back surface of the pre-cover plate connected to the first pad and an external contact on the rewiring layer connected to the rewiring layer.
11. The method for forming the package structure according to claim 10, wherein after the carrier is peeled off, an insulating layer is formed on the back surface of the pre-cover plate, and a first opening exposing the surface of the first pad and a second opening exposing the surface of the second pad are formed in the insulating layer; forming a rewiring layer in the first opening and on the surface of part of the insulating layer; forming an external contact on a surface of the rewiring layer outside the first opening; forming a second external contact structure in the second opening.
12. The method of forming a package structure of claim 11, wherein the second external contact structure is a solder ball.
13. The method of forming the package structure of claim 11, further comprising: and a conductive contact structure in the insulating layer electrically connecting the first shield layer with a portion of the rewiring layer.
14. The method of forming a package structure according to claim 1, wherein after forming the first external contact structure and the second external contact structure, further comprising: and cutting the pre-sealing panel to form a plurality of separated packaging structures.
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