CN110703421A - Compact medium wave infrared continuous zoom lens with adjustable zoom ratio - Google Patents
Compact medium wave infrared continuous zoom lens with adjustable zoom ratio Download PDFInfo
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- CN110703421A CN110703421A CN201910874039.9A CN201910874039A CN110703421A CN 110703421 A CN110703421 A CN 110703421A CN 201910874039 A CN201910874039 A CN 201910874039A CN 110703421 A CN110703421 A CN 110703421A
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- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 230000005499 meniscus Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 229910052732 germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N germanium atom Chemical compound [Ge] GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000005083 Zinc sulfide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052984 zinc sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- DRDVZXDWVBGGMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc;sulfide Chemical compound [S-2].[Zn+2] DRDVZXDWVBGGMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B15/00—Optical objectives with means for varying the magnification
- G02B15/14—Optical objectives with means for varying the magnification by axial movement of one or more lenses or groups of lenses relative to the image plane for continuously varying the equivalent focal length of the objective
- G02B15/16—Optical objectives with means for varying the magnification by axial movement of one or more lenses or groups of lenses relative to the image plane for continuously varying the equivalent focal length of the objective with interdependent non-linearly related movements between one lens or lens group, and another lens or lens group
- G02B15/163—Optical objectives with means for varying the magnification by axial movement of one or more lenses or groups of lenses relative to the image plane for continuously varying the equivalent focal length of the objective with interdependent non-linearly related movements between one lens or lens group, and another lens or lens group having a first movable lens or lens group and a second movable lens or lens group, both in front of a fixed lens or lens group
- G02B15/167—Optical objectives with means for varying the magnification by axial movement of one or more lenses or groups of lenses relative to the image plane for continuously varying the equivalent focal length of the objective with interdependent non-linearly related movements between one lens or lens group, and another lens or lens group having a first movable lens or lens group and a second movable lens or lens group, both in front of a fixed lens or lens group having an additional fixed front lens or group of lenses
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B13/00—Optical objectives specially designed for the purposes specified below
- G02B13/001—Miniaturised objectives for electronic devices, e.g. portable telephones, webcams, PDAs, small digital cameras
- G02B13/008—Miniaturised objectives for electronic devices, e.g. portable telephones, webcams, PDAs, small digital cameras designed for infrared light
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Nonlinear Science (AREA)
- Lenses (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a compact medium wave infrared continuous zoom lens with adjustable zoom ratio, which is characterized in that a beam expanding lens group, a front fixed lens group, a zoom lens group, a compensation lens group, a rear fixed lens group and a secondary imaging lens group are sequentially arranged along an optical axis; the beam expander lens group consists of a first positive meniscus lens and a second positive meniscus lens, wherein the convex surface of the first positive meniscus lens faces the object side; the front surface of the first positive meniscus lens is a spherical surface, the rear surface of the first positive meniscus lens is a diffraction surface, the front surface of the second positive meniscus lens is a spherical surface, and the rear surface of the second positive meniscus lens is an aspheric surface. The invention can continuously zoom in the focal length ranges of 21 mm-420 mm, 25 mm-500 mm, 50 mm-700 mm and the like, and has short zooming stroke and smooth curve.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of infrared continuous zooming optical systems, and relates to a zoom ratio adjustable compact medium wave infrared continuous zoom lens.
Background
When the focal length of the infrared continuous zooming optical system is continuously changed in a certain range, the image surface is stable and good image quality can be kept. The size of the image surface scenery is continuously variable, and the visual effect which cannot be achieved by a fixed-focus lens and a multi-gear zoom lens can be achieved, so that the purposes of searching for a target with a large view field and carefully observing the target with a small view field are achieved.
At present, domestic research on a medium-wave infrared continuous zooming optical system has been reported in documents. According to the 'design of a compact medium wave infrared continuous zooming optical system' of Chenluji, aiming at a refrigeration type 320 multiplied by 240 staring focal plane detector, 27.5 mm-458 mm continuous zooming is realized (infrared technology 2010, 32 (10)). For the design of the focal plane array detector with 640 × 512 staring elements, the following documents are disclosed: the invention discloses a 'medium wave infrared continuous zoom lens' (application number: 201110193499.9) of eleventh research institute of Chinese electronic science and technology group company, which discloses a medium wave infrared continuous zoom lens which can be applied to a 640 x 512-element 25-micron refrigeration type medium wave detector, has a focal length range of 50 mm-500 mm, a zoom ratio of 10 times and a maximum moving lens group stroke of 123mm, but has the defects that: because the maximum travel of the mobile group is too long, the view field switching time is increased, and the difficulty of ensuring the superposition accuracy of wide and narrow view fields is increased. Chinese patent publication No. CN106526818 discloses a three-group linked compact high zoom ratio infrared connection zoom optical system. However, the system adopts a three-component zooming mode, so that the optical system has a complex structure and higher control precision requirement.
In summary, the zoom ratio and the focal length range of the conventional medium-wave infrared zoom lens are relatively single; the axial size is too long, the light path is generally required to be bent through the screen reflector, the space volume is large, and the actual use requirements of high zoom ratio and small size are difficult to meet; the three-component compact zoom lens has the problems of complex structure and the like. In addition, the optical material used by the infrared lens is greatly affected by temperature, and optical parameters such as refractive index, thickness, curvature radius and the like of the optical material can change along with the temperature, so that the focal plane drifts, and the imaging quality is reduced. The temperature caused degradation of image quality is particularly noticeable when the lens is moved to the telephoto end. The problems greatly limit the applicability and application range of the existing infrared zoom lens.
In addition, the research on the compact type athermal medium wave infrared continuous zoom lens with the adjustable zoom ratio is the research object of the invention.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a zoom ratio adjustable compact type medium wave infrared continuous zoom lens which can realize continuous zooming in a long-focus range, a medium-focus range and a short-focus range.
In order to solve the technical problem, the zoom ratio adjustable compact medium wave infrared continuous zoom lens is sequentially provided with a front fixed lens group, a zoom lens group, a compensation lens group, a rear fixed lens group and a secondary imaging lens group along an optical axis; the front of the front fixed lens group is also provided with a beam expanding lens group along the same optical axis; the beam expander lens group consists of a first positive meniscus lens and a second positive meniscus lens, wherein the convex surface of the first positive meniscus lens faces the object side; the front surface of the first positive meniscus lens is a spherical surface, the rear surface of the first positive meniscus lens is a diffraction surface, the front surface of the second positive meniscus lens is a spherical surface, and the rear surface of the second positive meniscus lens is an aspheric surface.
The front fixed lens group is a meniscus positive lens with a convex surface facing to the object side; the zoom lens group is a biconcave negative lens; the compensation lens group is a biconvex positive lens; the rear fixed lens group is a meniscus positive lens with a convex surface facing to the object side; the secondary imaging lens group is a positive lens with a convex surface facing the image side.
Further, the optical surface types of all the lenses in the front fixed lens group, the zoom lens group, the compensation lens group, the rear fixed lens group and the secondary imaging lens group are sequentially spherical, diffraction surface, spherical, aspherical, spherical, plane, spherical and diffraction surface along the optical axis.
The aspheric equation is
Wherein Z (h) is a distance rise from a vertex of the aspherical surface when the aspherical surface is at a position having a height h in the optical axis direction; c is 1/r, r represents the curvature radius of the aspheric surface, k is a conic coefficient, and A, B, C, D is a high-order aspheric coefficient;
the diffraction surface equation is:
φ(h)＝α1h2+α2h4+α3h6+...
where phi (h) is the phase of the diffraction plane, alpha1、α2、α3… … is the diffraction coefficient and h is the perpendicular distance of any point on the lens surface from the optical axis.
Incident light sequentially passes through the beam expanding lens group, the front fixed lens group zoom lens group, the compensation lens group, the rear fixed lens group and the secondary imaging lens group to be imaged on a secondary image surface of the detector.
The first positive meniscus lens is made of silicon, and the second positive meniscus lens is made of zinc sulfide.
The positive meniscus lens of the front fixed lens group, the double-concave negative lens of the zoom lens group, the double-convex positive lens of the compensation lens group, the positive meniscus lens of the rear fixed lens group and the positive lens of the secondary imaging lens group are respectively made of silicon, germanium, silicon, germanium and germanium.
The surface numbers of the optical surfaces of the lenses are 1, 2 and … … 15 in sequence along the optical axis, the types and the structural parameters of the optical surfaces are shown in table 1, the high-order aspheric coefficients of the aspheric surfaces are shown in table 2, and the diffraction coefficients of the diffraction surfaces are shown in table 3;
table 1 optical surface types, structural parameters and lens materials of the examples of the invention:
table 2 shows the aspherical coefficients in the examples:
table 3 shows the diffraction surface coefficients in the examples:
the working waveband of the invention is 3.4-5.0 μm, the invention meets the requirement of 100% cold diaphragm efficiency, the F number is constant at 4.0, the invention can continuously zoom in the focal length range of 21-420 mm, 25-500 mm, 50-700 mm, etc., has good imaging quality in the full focal range, and can be simultaneously adapted to various types of refrigeration medium wave infrared detectors with the resolution of 640 x 512, the pixel size of 15 μm and 20 μm, etc. The invention can meet the requirements of different focal length ranges and different zoom ratios only by replacing the front end beam expanding lens group, and has short zoom stroke and smooth curve. The secondary imaging lens group is used for focusing and compensating the drift of a focal plane in real time along with the change of temperature, and can realize the heat dissipation difference of-40 ℃ to 80 ℃. The technical scheme of the invention is practical and effective as shown by the simulation of the optical design software CODEC and ZEMAX.
Drawings
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
FIG. 1 is a 420mm tele optical diagram of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a 210mm mid focus optical path of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a 21mm short focal path diagram of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a graph of the optical transfer function at 80 ℃ of 420 mm.
FIG. 5 is a graph of the optical transfer function at 80 ℃ at 210 mm.
FIG. 6 is a graph of the optical transfer function at 80 ℃ of 21 mm.
FIG. 7 is a graph of the optical transfer function at 20 ℃ of 420 mm.
FIG. 8 is a graph of the optical transfer function at 20 ℃ at 210 mm.
FIG. 9 is a graph of the optical transfer function at 20 ℃ of 21 mm.
FIG. 10 is a graph of the optical transfer function at-40 ℃ of 420 mm.
FIG. 11 is a graph of the optical transfer function at-40 ℃ at 210 mm.
FIG. 12 is a graph of the optical transfer function at-40 ℃ of 21 mm.
In the figure, 110 is a beam expander group, 111 is a first positive meniscus lens, 112 is a second positive meniscus lens, 120 is a front fixed lens group, 130 is a zoom lens group, 140 is a compensation lens group, 150 is a rear fixed lens group, 155 is a primary image surface, 160 is a secondary imaging lens group, 170 is a detector, 171 is a detector protection window, 172 is a cold stop and 173 is a secondary image surface.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, the zoom ratio adjustable compact medium wave infrared continuous zoom lens of the present invention sequentially comprises a beam expander lens group 110, a front fixed lens group 120, a zoom lens group 130, a compensation lens group 140, a rear fixed lens group 150 and a secondary imaging lens group 160 along an optical axis; the beam expander set 110 comprises a first positive meniscus lens 111 and a second positive meniscus lens 112 with the convex surface facing the object side; the front surface of the first positive meniscus lens 111 is a spherical surface, the rear surface is a diffraction surface, the front surface of the second positive meniscus lens 112 is a spherical surface, and the rear surface is an aspherical surface; the front fixed lens group 120 is a meniscus positive lens with the convex surface facing the object side, the front surface of the front fixed lens group is a spherical surface, and the rear surface of the front fixed lens group is an aspheric surface; the zoom lens group 130 is a biconcave negative lens, the front surface of which is aspheric and the rear surface of which is spherical; the compensation lens group 140 is a biconvex positive lens, the front surface of which is aspheric, and the rear surface of which is spherical; the rear fixed lens group 150 is a meniscus positive lens with the convex surface facing the object side, the front surface of the meniscus positive lens is an aspheric surface, and the rear surface of the meniscus positive lens is a spherical surface; the secondary imaging lens group 160 is a positive lens with a convex surface facing the image side, and has a spherical front surface and a diffractive surface on a rear surface. The detector 170 is disposed behind the secondary imaging lens group 160.
Wherein the aspherical surface has the equation
Wherein Z (h) is a distance rise from a vertex of the aspherical surface at a position having a height h in the optical axis direction; where c is 1/r, r represents the curvature radius of the aspherical surface, k is a conic coefficient (here, 0), and A, B, C, D is a high-order aspherical coefficient.
The two diffraction surfaces satisfy the aspheric surface equation and also satisfy the following diffraction surface equation:
φ(h)＝α1h2+α2h4+α3h6+...
where phi (h) is the phase of the diffraction plane, alpha1、α2、α3… … is the diffraction coefficient and h is the perpendicular distance of any point on the lens surface from the optical axis.
The surface numbers of the optical surfaces of the lenses are 1, 2 and … … 15 in sequence along the optical axis, the types, the structural parameters and the lens materials of the optical surfaces are shown in table 1, the high-order aspheric coefficients of the aspheric surfaces are shown in table 2, the diffraction coefficients of the diffraction surfaces are shown in table 3, and the parameters of the effective focal length, the F/#, the field angle and the variable spacing T1, T2 and T3 are shown in table 4.
Table 1 optical surface types, structural parameters and lens materials of the examples of the invention:
table 2 high-order aspheric coefficients of the aspheric surfaces of the embodiments of the present invention:
table 3 diffraction surface coefficients of the diffraction surfaces:
note: alpha is alpha3＝0、α4＝0……。
TABLE 4 effective focal Length, F/#, field of View and variable Pitch T1, T2, T3
Fig. 4-12 are Modulation Transfer Function (Modulation Transfer Function) curves for the preferred embodiment of the present invention for the tele, mid, and short focus positions at 80 c, 20 c, and-40 c. In the figure, the horizontal axis represents the spatial sampling frequency of the detector, and the unit: wire pairs per millimeter (lp/mm); the longitudinal axis represents the value of a Modulation Transfer Function (MTF), the value of the MTF is used for evaluating the imaging quality of the lens, the value range is 0 to 1.0, the higher the MTF curve is, the straighter the MTF curve is, the better the imaging quality of the lens is, and the stronger the reduction capability of the real image is. After the lens compensates the drift of the focal plane, the lens assembly can be ensured to clearly image on the whole imaging surface under the environment of-40 ℃ to 80 ℃, and the requirement of poor heat dissipation is met.
The invention can meet the requirements of different focal length ranges and different zoom ratios by replacing the front end beam expander group, and has short zoom stroke and smooth curve. The secondary imaging lens group is used for focusing and compensating the drift of a focal plane in real time along with the temperature change, and can realize the heat dissipation difference of-40 ℃ to 80 ℃, and particularly shown in figures 4 to 12. The working waveband of the invention is 3.4-5.0 μm, the invention meets the requirement of 100% cold diaphragm efficiency, the F number is constant at 4.0, the invention can continuously zoom in the focal length range of 21-420 mm, 25-500 mm, 50-700 mm, etc., has good imaging quality in the full focal range, and can be simultaneously adapted to various types of refrigeration medium wave infrared detectors with the resolution of 640 x 512, the pixel size of 15 μm and 20 μm, etc.
Simulation by the optical design software CODEC and ZEMAX shows that the scheme is practical and effective. By adopting a refraction type optical system form and adding the beam expanding lens in front of the infrared optical system with small zoom ratio, different zoom ranges and different zoom ratios can be met only by replacing the beam expanding lens.
Claims (7)
1. A compact medium wave infrared continuous zoom lens with adjustable zoom ratio is sequentially provided with a front fixed lens group (120), a zoom lens group (130), a compensation lens group (140), a rear fixed lens group (150) and a secondary imaging lens group (160) along an optical axis; the front of the front fixed lens group (120) is also provided with a beam expander lens group (110) along the same optical axis; the beam expander set (110) consists of a first positive meniscus lens (111) and a second positive meniscus lens (112) with the convex surface facing the object side; the front surface of the first positive meniscus lens (111) is a spherical surface, the rear surface is a diffraction surface, and the front surface of the second positive meniscus lens (112) is a spherical surface, and the rear surface is an aspherical surface.
2. The zoom ratio adjustable compact medium wave infrared continuous zoom lens according to claim 1, wherein the aspheric equation is
Wherein Z (h) is a distance rise from a vertex of the aspherical surface when the aspherical surface is at a position having a height h in the optical axis direction; c is 1/r, r represents the curvature radius of the aspheric surface, k is a conic coefficient, and A, B, C, D is a high-order aspheric coefficient;
the diffraction surface equation is:
φ(h)＝α1h2+α2h4+α3h6+...
where phi (h) is the phase of the diffraction plane, alpha1、α2、α3… … is the diffraction coefficient and h is the perpendicular distance of any point on the lens surface from the optical axis.
3. The zoom ratio adjustable compact medium wave infrared continuous zoom lens according to claim 1, characterized in that the front fixed lens group (120) is a positive meniscus lens with a convex surface facing the object side; the zoom lens group (130) is a biconcave negative lens; the compensation lens group (140) is a biconvex positive lens; the rear fixed lens group (150) is a meniscus positive lens with a convex surface facing the object side; the secondary imaging lens group (160) is a positive lens with a convex surface facing the image side.
4. The zoom ratio tunable compact medium wave infrared continuous zoom lens according to claim 1, characterized in that the optical surface types of the lenses including the front fixed lens group (120), the zoom lens group (130), the compensation lens group (140), the rear fixed lens group (150), and the secondary imaging lens group (160) are sequentially spherical, diffractive, spherical, aspherical, aspheric, spherical, planar, spherical, diffractive along the optical axis.
5. The zoom ratio adjustable compact medium wave infrared continuous zoom lens of claim 4, characterized in that the aspheric equation is
Wherein Z (h) is a distance rise from a vertex of the aspherical surface when the aspherical surface is at a position having a height h in the optical axis direction; c is 1/r, r represents the curvature radius of the aspheric surface, k is a conic coefficient, and A, B, C, D is a high-order aspheric coefficient;
the diffraction surface equation is:
φ(h)＝α1h2+α2h4+α3h6+...
where phi (h) is the phase of the diffraction plane, alpha1、α2、α3… … is the diffraction coefficient and h is the perpendicular distance of any point on the lens surface from the optical axis.
6. The zoom ratio adjustable compact medium wave infrared continuous zoom lens according to claim 2, characterized in that the first positive meniscus lens (111) is made of silicon, and the second positive meniscus lens (112) is made of zinc sulfide.
7. The zoom ratio adjustable compact medium wave infrared continuous zoom lens of claim 5, characterized in that the positive meniscus lens of the front fixed lens group (120), the double concave negative lens of the zoom lens group (130), the double convex positive lens of the compensation lens group (140), the positive meniscus lens of the rear fixed lens group (150) and the positive lens of the secondary imaging lens group (160) are made of silicon, germanium, silicon, germanium and germanium, respectively.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111399201A (en) * | 2020-03-18 | 2020-07-10 | 山东大学 | Zooming optical lens for linear array detector |
| CN111505801A (en) * | 2020-05-18 | 2020-08-07 | 吉林工程技术师范学院 | Medium wave infrared optical system |
| CN112872582A (en) * | 2020-12-29 | 2021-06-01 | 武汉华工激光工程有限责任公司 | Continuously adjustable large-size shaping system and method |
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| CN210442569U (en) * | 2019-09-17 | 2020-05-01 | 长春长光智欧科技有限公司 | Compact medium wave infrared continuous zoom lens with adjustable zoom ratio |
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2019
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111399201A (en) * | 2020-03-18 | 2020-07-10 | 山东大学 | Zooming optical lens for linear array detector |
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| CN112872582A (en) * | 2020-12-29 | 2021-06-01 | 武汉华工激光工程有限责任公司 | Continuously adjustable large-size shaping system and method |
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