CN110693043A - Pecan shell breaking, separating and sorting device and using method thereof - Google Patents
Pecan shell breaking, separating and sorting device and using method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN110693043A CN110693043A CN201911016845.9A CN201911016845A CN110693043A CN 110693043 A CN110693043 A CN 110693043A CN 201911016845 A CN201911016845 A CN 201911016845A CN 110693043 A CN110693043 A CN 110693043A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23N—MACHINES OR APPARATUS FOR TREATING HARVESTED FRUIT, VEGETABLES OR FLOWER BULBS IN BULK, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; PEELING VEGETABLES OR FRUIT IN BULK; APPARATUS FOR PREPARING ANIMAL FEEDING- STUFFS
- A23N5/00—Machines for hulling, husking or cracking nuts
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
- B07B9/00—Combinations of apparatus for screening or sifting or for separating solids from solids using gas currents; General arrangement of plant, e.g. flow sheets
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Abstract
The invention discloses a pecan shell breaking, separating and sorting device and a using method thereof. The invention relates to a pecan shell breaking, separating and sorting device and a use method thereof.A shell breaker suitable for crushing pecans is designed, three shell breaking grooves are provided, a transmission structure of a first motor is utilized to drive the shell breaker to turn over one surface each time, and the inner and outer shells of the pecans are thoroughly crushed from different surfaces under the action of an extrusion rod and a serrated knife in sequence, so that the pecan shell breaking, separating and sorting device is suitable for different working conditions and brings better use prospects.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of roasted food production, in particular to a pecan shell breaking, separating and sorting device and a using method thereof.
Background
The hickory nut is a deciduous tree belonging to the genus hickory of the family juglandaceae, and the fruit of the hickory nut has been accepted by consumers due to its extremely high nutritive value and unique taste and flavor, and gradually becomes a popular high-grade nut; the existing nut packaged food can directly take out raw walnuts or fried walnut kernels for packaging and selling, the walnut kernels of the hickory nuts are cracked into 4 pieces along longitudinal edges, the kernels are inverted oval or elliptical oval, sometimes the kernels are slightly flattened laterally and have 4 insignificant longitudinal edges, so that outer shells and inner shells of the longitudinal edges exist, great difficulty is brought to shell breaking and kernel taking, time and labor are wasted in the manual shell breaking process, the inner walnut kernels are easily crushed by a general mechanical shell breaking mode, complete lamella cannot be extracted, the crushed shells and the walnut kernels are easily mixed and are inconvenient to separate, the existing equipment cannot combine the procedures of discharging, shell breaking, material receiving and the like, and the complexity of operation is increased.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide a pecan shell breaking, separating and sorting device and a using method thereof, which can effectively solve the problems in the background technology.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a pecan shell breaking, separating and sorting device comprises a device main body, wherein a cover plate is welded on the upper end face of the device main body, four groups of L-shaped supporting rods are symmetrically installed at the middle position of the upper end face of the cover plate, an upper support is fixedly arranged among the four groups of L-shaped supporting rods, an air cylinder is erected at the middle position of the upper end face of the upper support, a lifting rod is movably arranged at the lower end of the air cylinder, a lifting seat is fixedly connected to the lower end of the lifting rod, first sliding rods are welded at the four corners of the lower end of the lifting seat, a sliding sleeve for the first sliding rods to slide is fixedly installed in the cover plate, a plurality of groups of extrusion rods are uniformly welded on the lower end face of the lifting seat, and a plurality of groups;
the inner part of the cover plate is uniformly provided with a plurality of groups of through grooves, a shell breaker is rotationally arranged in the through grooves, connecting rods are welded at two ends of the shell breaker, three surfaces of the shell breaker are respectively provided with a shell breaking groove for an extrusion rod to pass through, the other surface of the shell breaker is movably provided with a door plate, a hydraulic rod is connected between the door plate and the inner wall of the shell breaker, a placing groove for placing pecans is arranged at the middle position in the shell breaker, the groove walls of the placing groove are metal layers, the side surface of the cover plate is provided with a first rotating shaft in a rotating manner connected with the connecting rods, a first bearing acting on the first rotating shaft is arranged in the cover plate, the outermost side of the first rotating shafts is rotationally provided with a second rotating shaft, the second rotating shaft is connected with a first motor through a coupler, and chain wheels are arranged on the first rotating shaft and the second rotating shaft, the adjacent chain wheels are connected by chains;
the lower end face four corners of the cover plate are welded with curved spring steel plates, the lower end parts of the four curved spring steel plates are welded on a vibration bed, two groups of baffles are transversely and symmetrically arranged on the vibration bed, a fixed box is erected at the internal middle position of the device main body, a T-shaped rod is longitudinally movably arranged at the middle position of the upper end part of the fixed box, the upper end part of the T-shaped rod is welded with a top seat which is contacted with the bottom of the vibration bed, a spring is sleeved inside the fixed box on the T-shaped rod, a contact wheel is arranged at the lower end part of the T-shaped rod, a cam is rotatably arranged at the internal middle position of the fixed box and is abutted against the contact wheel, the cam is sleeved on a third rotating shaft, one end part of the third rotating shaft is fixed with the inner wall of the fixed box by a second bearing, and the other end part of the third rotating shaft is connected with a, the fan is erected at the middle position on the inner side wall of the device main body, and the air separation chamber is arranged at the bottom of the device main body.
Preferably, the bottom of the device main body is provided with a support leg, and the side surface of the device main body is provided with a sliding door at a position communicated with the vibration box.
Preferably, the shell breakers in the same row are connected with each other by connecting rods, and rod grooves for the connecting rods to rotate are formed in the cover plate.
Preferably, the first motor is fixed on the side face of the device main body through a support, the first motor is a stepping motor which turns 90 degrees at each time, and the extrusion rod is inserted into three groups of shell breaking grooves in the shell breaking device for three times.
Preferably, the door plate is communicated with the placing groove, and a door closer for driving the hydraulic rod to act is mounted at one end of the hydraulic rod.
Preferably, the bent spring steel plate is bent rightwards, the vibration bed is slightly inclined rightwards and downwards, the right side of the vibration bed is a blanking channel, the blanking channel is communicated with the air separation chamber, the spring is connected between the upper end face of the fixed box and the transverse rod portion of the T-shaped rod, and the second motor is erected outside the fixed box and drives the cam to move circularly by utilizing the third rotating shaft.
A using method of a pecan shell breaking device is applied to the pecan shell breaking separation and sorting device, and combines a cylinder, a lifting seat, an extrusion rod, a shell breaker, a curved spring steel plate, a vibration bed and a fixed box on the pecan shell breaking device together to form a complete and smooth operation flow;
the using method comprises the following steps:
s1, uniformly discharging: the door closer is controlled to be opened by the PLC, the door plate on the front side is driven to be opened by the two groups of hydraulic rods, a plurality of groups of pecans are respectively placed into the placing grooves of the shell breaking device, and then the door plate is controlled to be closed;
s2, three-sided shell breaking: starting a first motor, enabling a second rotating shaft to rotate and driving a plurality of groups of first rotating shafts in the same row to synchronously rotate through adjacent chain wheel structures, enabling a connecting rod to rotate 90 degrees, and stopping a plurality of groups of shell breakers after turning over 90 degrees, wherein one surface with shell breaking grooves faces upwards; starting an air cylinder, enabling a lifting rod to extend downwards and drive a lifting seat to move downwards, inserting a plurality of groups of extrusion rods into a shell breaking groove of a shell breaker, crushing a shell of a local area of the hickory nut by using a serrated knife, immediately resetting after the lifting rod of the air cylinder finishes operation, installing an electromagnetic switch on the air cylinder into a timing module, and waiting for starting at intervals of several seconds; then, the first motor with the stepping rotation characteristic enables the shell breaking device to turn over one surface again in the intermittent period, the air cylinder works again, the extrusion rod is inserted into a second shell breaking groove of the shell breaking device, the gear cutter is utilized to crush the local shell of the pecan, and the lifting rod is reset immediately after the operation is finished; the first motor enables the shell breaking device to turn over one surface again in the intermittent period, the air cylinder works again, the extrusion rod is inserted into a third shell breaking groove of the shell breaking device, the gear cutter is utilized to crush the local shell of the pecan, and the lifting rod drives the extrusion rod to reset after the last operation is finished; keeping the first motor working, enabling the door outlet of the shell breaker to face downwards after three continuous stepping actions, and then stopping the first motor;
s3, vibration screening: the door closer is controlled to be opened by the PLC, the two groups of hydraulic rods drive the door plate on the back to be opened, the crushed kernel and shell materials in the placing groove fall onto the vibrating bed, the second motor is started at the moment, the third rotating shaft is driven to rotate through the coupler, the cam makes circular motion, the contact wheel can be jacked when the protruding part moves upwards, the vibrating bed is jacked up through the T-shaped rod through acting force, the four groups of curved spring steel plates are bent and pressed by inner side pressure, and the inclination of elastic reset is facilitated, so that the kernel and shell materials vibrate and collide up and down on the vibrating bed, the kernel and shell are completely separated, move forward to the right and fall from a blanking channel on the right;
s4, air separation and material collection: the fan is started to generate wind force to blow to the falling shells and kernels, the shells are broken, the weight of the shells is far less than that of the walnut kernels, the shells and the kernels fall into the air separation chamber in a dropping process in obviously different parabolas, two piles of materials are formed in the air separation chamber, and the separated materials can be directly taken out by opening the sliding door.
The invention provides a pecan shell breaking, separating and sorting device and a using method thereof through improvement, compared with the prior art, the pecan shell breaking, separating and sorting device has the following remarkable improvements and advantages:
(1) the shell breaking device suitable for the hickory nut crushing is designed, three shell breaking grooves are formed in the shell breaking device, the transmission structure of the motor is utilized, the shell breaking device is driven to overturn one surface at each time, the inner shell and the outer shell of the hickory nut are thoroughly crushed from different surfaces under the action of the extrusion rod and the serrated knife in sequence, the subsequent complete walnut petal pieces are conveniently extracted, time and labor are saved, and the added door plate can be automatically opened, so that the discharging is facilitated.
(2) Through the transmission effect of No. two motors, circular motion is made to the cam, can jack up the contact wheel during bulge upward movement, through the upwards punching press of effort T type pole, utilize the footstock jack-up bed that shakes, then four group's bent form spring steel boards kicks up and receives the oppression of inboard pressure, have the tendency that utilizes elasticity to reset to make benevolence shell material shake from top to bottom, collide on shaking the bed on one side, make benevolence shell complete separation, advance right on one side, fall from the unloading passageway on right side, reached the dual purpose of shaking separation and transfer.
(3) The fan is designed, the broken shells and the walnut kernels with different weights are effectively separated through wind power winnowing, manual separation is not needed, and time and labor are saved.
(4) Whole device design is simple, convenient operation, and degree of mechanization is high, can break the shell fast and extract complete hickory nut kernel lamella, realizes the sorting of benevolence shell again, and whole workflow and technology are smooth and practical, and work efficiency is high, is fit for the mass processing hickory nut kernel, and the effect of use is better for traditional mode.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of a pecan shell-breaking separation and sorting device and a use method thereof;
FIG. 2 is a detailed view of the cover plate of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a coupling view of the cylinder of the present invention;
FIGS. 4 and 5 are specific block diagrams of both the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the hull breaker of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is an internal cross-sectional view of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a detailed view of the cover plate and the vibrating bed of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a transmission structure diagram of the second motor of the invention.
In the figure: 1. a device main body; 2. a cover plate; 3. an L-shaped strut; 4. an upper support; 5. a cylinder; 6. a lifting rod; 7. a lifting seat; 8. a first slide bar; 9. a first sliding sleeve; 10. extruding the rod; 11. a toothed cutter; 12. a through groove; 13. a shell breaker; 14. a connecting rod; 15. a shell breaking groove; 16. a hydraulic lever; 17. a door panel; 18. a placement groove; 19. a metal layer; 20. a first rotating shaft; 21. a first bearing; 22. a second rotating shaft; 23. a first motor; 24. a sprocket; 25. a chain; 26. a curved spring steel plate; 27. vibrating the bed; 28. a baffle plate; 29. a fixed box; 30. a T-shaped rod; 31. a top seat; 32. a spring; 33. a contact wheel; 34. a cam; 35. a third rotating shaft; 36. a second bearing; 37. a second motor; 38. a fan; 39. an air separation chamber; 40. and (5) sliding the door.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1-9, a pecan shell breaking, separating and sorting device comprises a device body 1, wherein a cover plate 2 is welded on the upper end surface of the device body 1, four groups of L-shaped support rods 3 are symmetrically installed at the middle position of the upper end surface of the cover plate 2, an upper support 4 is fixedly arranged between the four groups of L-shaped support rods 3, an air cylinder 5 is erected at the middle position of the upper end surface of the upper support 4, a lifting rod 6 is movably arranged at the lower end of the air cylinder 5, a lifting seat 7 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the lifting rod 6, first slide rods 8 are welded at the four corners of the lower end of the lifting seat 7, a first slide sleeve 9 for sliding the first slide rods 8 is fixedly installed inside the cover plate 2, a plurality of groups of extrusion rods 10 are uniformly welded on the lower end surface of the lifting seat;
the inner part of the cover plate 2 is uniformly provided with a plurality of groups of through grooves 12, a shell breaker 13 is rotationally arranged in each through groove 12, two ends of each shell breaker 13 are welded with connecting rods 14, three surfaces of each shell breaker 13 are provided with shell breaking grooves 15 for allowing extrusion rods 10 to pass through, the other surface of each shell breaker 13 is movably provided with a door plate 17, a hydraulic rod 16 is connected between each door plate 17 and the inner wall of each shell breaker 13, a placing groove 18 for placing pecans is formed in the middle position of the inner part of each shell breaker 13, the groove walls of each placing groove 18 are metal layers 19, the interaction force during shell breaking is improved, the side surface of the cover plate 2 is rotatably connected with the connecting rods 14 and is provided with a first rotating shaft 20, a first bearing 21 acting on the first rotating shaft 20 is arranged in the cover plate 2, the outermost sides of the plurality of groups of first rotating shafts 20 are rotatably provided with second rotating shafts 22, and the second rotating shafts, the first rotating shaft 20 and the second rotating shaft 22 are both provided with chain wheels 24, and the adjacent chain wheels 24 are connected by a chain 25;
the four corners of the lower end face of the cover plate 2 are welded with curved spring steel plates 26, the lower ends of the four curved spring steel plates 26 are all welded on a vibrating bed 27, two groups of baffle plates 28 are transversely and symmetrically arranged on the vibrating bed 27, a fixed box 29 is erected at the middle position inside the device main body 1, a T-shaped rod 30 is longitudinally and movably arranged at the middle position of the upper end of the fixed box 29, a top seat 31 which is contacted with the bottom of the vibrating bed 27 is welded at the upper end of the T-shaped rod 30, a spring 32 is sleeved inside the fixed box 29 on the T-shaped rod 30, a contact wheel 33 is arranged at the lower end of the T-shaped rod 30, a cam 34 is rotatably arranged at the middle position inside the fixed box 29 and is abutted against the contact wheel 33, the cam 34 is sleeved on a third rotating shaft 35, one end of the third rotating shaft 35 is fixed with the inner wall of the fixed box 29 by a second bearing 36, the other end of the third, a fan 38 is erected at the middle position on the inner side wall of the device main body 1, and an air separation chamber 39 is arranged at the bottom of the device main body 1;
the bottom of the device main body 1 is provided with a support leg, and the side surface of the device main body 1 is provided with a sliding door 40 at the position communicated with the vibration box 26; the shell breakers 13 in the same row are connected with each other by a connecting rod 14, and a rod groove for the rotating of the connecting rod 14 is formed in the cover plate 2; the first motor 23 is fixed on the side surface of the device main body 1 by utilizing a bracket, the first motor 23 is a stepping motor which turns 90 degrees at each time, and the extrusion rod 10 is inserted into three groups of shell breaking grooves 15 on the shell breaker 13 for three times; the door plate 17 is communicated with the placing groove 18, a door closer for driving the hydraulic rod 16 to move is installed at one end of the hydraulic rod 16, and a plurality of groups of door closers are controlled to be opened and closed in a unified mode through a PLC (programmable logic controller), and the door closers are all in the prior art; the curved spring steel plate 26 is bent rightwards, the vibrating bed 27 is slightly inclined rightwards and downwards, a blanking channel is arranged on the right side of the vibrating bed 27 and communicated with the air separation chamber 39, the spring 32 is connected between the upper end face of the fixed box 29 and the cross rod portion of the T-shaped rod 30, the second motor 37 is erected on the outer side of the fixed box 29, and the third rotating shaft 35 is used for driving the cam 34 to do circular motion.
A using method of a pecan shell breaking device is applied to the pecan shell breaking separation and sorting device, and a cylinder 5, a lifting seat 7, an extrusion rod 10, a shell breaking device 13, a curved spring steel plate 26, a vibration bed 27 and a fixed box 29 on the pecan shell breaking device are combined together to form a complete and smooth operation flow;
the using method comprises the following steps:
s1, uniformly discharging: the door closer is controlled to be opened by the PLC, the two groups of hydraulic rods 16 drive the door panel 17 on the front side to be opened, a plurality of groups of pecans are respectively placed in the placing grooves 18 of the shell breaking device 13, and then the door panel 17 is controlled to be closed;
s2, three-sided shell breaking: starting a first motor 23, enabling a second rotating shaft 22 to rotate and drive a plurality of groups of first rotating shafts 20 in the same row to synchronously rotate through adjacent chain wheel structures, enabling a connecting rod 14 to rotate 90 degrees, and stopping after a plurality of groups of shell breakers 13 turn over 90 degrees, wherein one surface with a shell breaking groove 15 faces upwards; starting the air cylinder 5, enabling the lifting rod 6 to extend downwards and drive the lifting seat 7 to move downwards, inserting a plurality of groups of extrusion rods 10 into a shell breaking groove 15 of a shell breaker 13, then crushing a shell of a local area of the hickory nut by using the serrated knife 11, resetting the lifting rod 6 of the air cylinder 5 immediately after the operation is finished, installing an electromagnetic switch on the air cylinder 5 into a timing module, and waiting for starting at intervals of several seconds; at the moment, the first motor 23 with the stepping rotation characteristic enables the shell breaking device 13 to turn over one surface again in the intermittent period, the air cylinder 5 works again, the extrusion rod 10 is inserted into the second shell breaking groove 15 of the shell breaking device 13, the gear cutter 11 is used for crushing the local shell of the pecan, and the lifting rod 6 is reset immediately after the operation is finished; the first motor 23 enables the shell breaking device 13 to turn over one surface again in the intermittent period, the air cylinder 5 works again, the extrusion rod 10 is inserted into a third shell breaking groove 15 of the shell breaking device 13, the gear cutter 11 is used for crushing a local shell of the pecan, and the lifting rod 6 drives the extrusion rod 10 to reset after finishing the last operation; the first motor 23 keeps working, the door outlet of the shell breaker 13 is downward after three continuous stepping actions, and then the first motor 23 stops working;
s3, vibration screening: the door closer is controlled to be opened by a PLC controller, two groups of hydraulic rods 16 drive a door plate 17 on the back to be opened, the crushed kernel and shell materials in the placing groove 18 fall onto the vibrating bed 27, at the moment, a second motor 37 is started, a third rotating shaft 35 is driven to rotate through a coupler, a cam 34 does circular motion, a contact wheel 33 can be jacked up when a protruding part moves upwards, the vibrating bed 27 is jacked up through an acting force T-shaped rod 30, the four groups of curved spring steel plates 26 are bent and are pressed by inner side pressure through a jacking seat 31, and the inclination of elastic force reset is utilized, so that the kernel and shell materials vibrate and collide up and down on the vibrating bed 27, the kernel and shell are completely separated, the kernel and shell move rightwards and fall from a blanking channel on the right side;
s4, air separation and material collection: the fan 38 is started to generate wind force to blow the falling shells and kernels, and the shells are crushed and have much less weight than the walnut kernels, so that the shells and kernels fall into the air separation chamber 39 in a obviously different parabola in the falling process, two piles of materials are formed in the air separation chamber 39, and the separated materials can be directly taken out by opening the sliding door 40.
When in use, firstly, a plurality of groups of pecans are respectively placed in a placing groove 18 of a shell breaking device 13, an air cylinder 5 is started, a lifting rod 6 moves downwards and drives a lifting seat 7 to move downwards, a first sliding rod 8 slides downwards in a sliding sleeve 9, a plurality of groups of extrusion rods 10 are inserted into a shell breaking groove 15 of the shell breaking device 13, then, a serrated knife 11 is used for crushing the local shells of the pecans, at the moment, the lifting rod 6 is reset, a first motor 23 is started, a second rotating shaft 22 rotates and drives a plurality of groups of first rotating shafts 20 in the same row to synchronously rotate through an adjacent chain wheel structure, then, a connecting rod 14 rotates 90 degrees along with the rotation of the connecting rod, a plurality of groups of shell breaking devices 13 turn over 90 degrees and stop, at the moment, the air cylinder 5 is started again, the extrusion rods 10 are inserted into the shell breaking groove 15 on the other side of the shell breaking device 13, and the local shells of the pecans are crushed by the serrated knife 11, the operation is carried out in this way, the extruding rod 10 is inserted into the three groups of shell breaking grooves 15 on the shell breaking device 13 for three times, the inner and outer shells of the pecans are thoroughly broken from different surfaces, the first motor 23 rotates again to enable the door outlet of the shell breaking device 13 to face downwards, the PLC is used for controlling the door closing device to open, the hydraulic rod 16 drives the door plate 17 to open, the kernel and shell materials in the placing groove 18 fall onto the vibrating bed 27, the second motor 37 is started at the moment, the third rotating shaft 35 is driven to rotate through the coupler, the cam 34 carries out circular motion, the protruding part can jack up the contact wheel 33 when moving upwards, the T-shaped rod 30 is used for stamping upwards through acting force, the vibrating bed 27 is jacked up through the jacking seat 31, then the four groups of curved spring steel plates 26 are bent upwards and pressed by the inner side pressure, the trend of elastic force resetting is facilitated, so that the kernel and shell materials can vibrate and collide up and down on the vibrating bed 27 to enable, the blanking channel from the right side falls, at the moment, the fan 38 is started, wind power is generated to blow the falling shell kernels, the shell is broken, the weight of the shell is far smaller than that of the walnut kernels, and therefore the shell kernels and the walnut kernels fall into the winnowing chamber 39 through different parabolas in the falling process, the sorting purpose is achieved, and the method is practical.
It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a hickory nut shell breaking separation and sorting unit, includes device main part (1), its characterized in that: a cover plate (2) is welded on the upper end face of the device main body (1), four groups of L-shaped supporting rods (3) are symmetrically arranged at the middle position of the upper end face of the cover plate (2), an upper support (4) is fixedly arranged between the four groups of L-shaped supporting rods (3), a cylinder (5) is erected in the middle of the upper end face of the upper support (4), the lower end of the cylinder (5) is movably provided with a lifting rod (6), the lower end of the lifting rod (6) is fixedly connected with a lifting seat (7), a first sliding rod (8) is welded at the four corners of the lower end of the lifting seat (7), a first sliding sleeve (9) for the first sliding rod (8) to slide is fixedly arranged in the cover plate (2), a plurality of groups of extrusion rods (10) are uniformly welded on the lower end surface of the lifting seat (7), the lower end part of the extrusion rod (10) is provided with a plurality of groups of toothed cutters (11);
the novel packaging structure is characterized in that a plurality of groups of through grooves (12) are uniformly formed in the cover plate (2), a shell breaking device (13) is rotationally arranged in each through groove (12), connecting rods (14) are welded at two ends of each shell breaking device (13), shell breaking grooves (15) for allowing extrusion rods (10) to penetrate through are formed in three surfaces of each shell breaking device (13), a door plate (17) is movably arranged on the other surface of each shell breaking device (13), a hydraulic rod (16) is connected between each door plate (17) and the inner wall of each shell breaking device (13), a placing groove (18) for placing hickories is formed in the middle position of the inner portion of each shell breaking device (13), the groove walls of each placing groove (18) are metal layers (19), a first rotating shaft (20) is rotatably connected with each connecting rod (14) on the side surface of the cover plate (2), a first bearing (21) acting on the first rotating shaft (20) is installed in the cover plate (2), a second rotating shaft (22) is rotatably arranged on the outermost side of the first rotating shafts (20), the second rotating shaft (22) is connected with a first motor (23) through a coupler, chain wheels (24) are arranged on the first rotating shaft (20) and the second rotating shaft (22), and adjacent chain wheels (24) are connected through chains (25);
the device is characterized in that curved spring steel plates (26) are welded at four corners of the lower end face of the cover plate (2), the lower end portions of the four curved spring steel plates (26) are welded on a vibration bed (27), two groups of baffle plates (28) are transversely and symmetrically arranged on the vibration bed (27), a fixed box (29) is erected at the middle position inside the device main body (1), a T-shaped rod (30) is longitudinally movably arranged at the middle position of the upper end portion of the fixed box (29), a top seat (31) in contact with the bottom of the vibration bed (27) is welded at the upper end portion of the T-shaped rod (30), a spring (32) is sleeved inside the fixed box (29) on the T-shaped rod (30), a contact wheel (33) is installed at the lower end portion of the T-shaped rod (30), a cam (34) is rotatably arranged at the middle position inside the fixed box (29), and the cam (34) is abutted to the contact wheel (33), the cam (34) is sleeved on the third rotating shaft (35), one end of the third rotating shaft (35) is fixed through the inner wall of the second bearing (36) and the inner wall of the fixing box (29), the other end of the third rotating shaft (35) is connected through the shaft coupling and the second motor (37), the fan (38) is erected at the middle position on the inner side wall of the device main body (1), and the air separation chamber (39) is arranged at the bottom of the device main body (1).
2. The pecan shell breaking, separating and sorting device of claim 1, which is characterized in that: the bottom of the device main body (1) is provided with a support leg, and the side surface of the device main body (1) is communicated with the vibration box (26) and provided with a sliding door (40).
3. The pecan shell breaking, separating and sorting device of claim 1, which is characterized in that: the shell breakers (13) in the same row are connected with each other through connecting rods (14), and rod grooves for the connecting rods (14) to rotate are formed in the cover plate (2).
4. The pecan shell breaking, separating and sorting device of claim 1, which is characterized in that: the first motor (23) is fixed on the side face of the device main body (1) through a support, the first motor (23) is a stepping motor which rotates 90 degrees at each time, and the extrusion rod (10) is inserted into three groups of shell breaking grooves (15) on the shell breaking device (13) for three times.
5. The pecan shell breaking, separating and sorting device of claim 1, which is characterized in that: the door plate (17) is communicated with the placing groove (18), and a door closer for driving the hydraulic rod (16) to move is installed at one end of the hydraulic rod (16).
6. The pecan shell breaking, separating and sorting device of claim 1, which is characterized in that: bent type spring steel plate (26) are crooked to the right, shake bed (27) right side down the slight slope and the right side of shaking bed (27) is the unloading passageway, the unloading passageway with winnowing chamber (39) intercommunication, spring (32) are connected between the up end of fixed case (29) and the horizontal pole portion of T type pole (30), No. two motor (37) erect in the outside of fixed case (29) and utilize No. three pivot (35) to drive cam (34) and do circular motion.
7. A use method of a pecan shell breaking device is applied to the pecan shell breaking, separating and sorting device and is characterized in that: the air cylinder (5), the lifting seat (7), the extrusion rod (10), the shell breaking device (13), the curved spring steel plate (26), the vibration bed (27) and the fixed box (29) on the shell breaking device are combined together to form a complete and smooth operation flow;
the using method comprises the following steps:
s1, uniformly discharging: the door closer is controlled to be opened by a PLC controller, two groups of hydraulic rods (16) drive a door plate (17) on the front side to be opened, a plurality of groups of pecans are respectively placed in a placing groove (18) of the shell breaking device (13), and then the door plate (17) is controlled to be closed;
s2, three-sided shell breaking: starting a first motor (23), rotating a second rotating shaft (22) and driving a plurality of groups of first rotating shafts (20) in the same row to synchronously rotate through adjacent chain wheel structures, so that a connecting rod (14) rotates by 90 degrees, a plurality of groups of shell breakers (13) stop after being overturned by 90 degrees, and one surface with a shell breaking groove (15) faces upwards; starting the air cylinder (5), enabling the lifting rod (6) to extend downwards and drive the lifting seat (7) to move downwards, inserting a plurality of groups of extrusion rods (10) into a shell breaking groove (15) of the shell breaker (13), crushing a shell of a local area of the hickory nut by using the serrated knife (11), resetting immediately after the lifting rod (6) of the air cylinder (5) finishes operation, installing an electromagnetic switch on the air cylinder (5) into a timing module, and waiting for starting at intervals of several seconds; then, the first motor (23) with the stepping rotation characteristic enables the shell breaker (13) to turn over one surface again in the intermittent period, the air cylinder (5) works again, the extrusion rod (10) is inserted into a second shell breaking groove (15) of the shell breaker (13), the gear cutter (11) is utilized to crush the local shell of the pecan, and the lifting rod (6) is reset immediately after the operation is finished; the first motor (23) enables the shell breaking device (13) to turn over one surface again in the intermittent period, the air cylinder (5) works again, the extrusion rod (10) is inserted into a third shell breaking groove (15) of the shell breaking device (13), a tooth cutter (11) is utilized to crush the local shell of the pecan, and the lifting rod (6) drives the extrusion rod (10) to reset after finishing the last operation; the first motor (23) keeps working, the door outlet of the shell breaker (13) is downward after three continuous stepping actions, and then the first motor (23) stops working;
s3, vibration screening: the door closer is controlled to be opened by a PLC controller, two groups of hydraulic rods (16) drive a door plate (17) on the back to be opened, the crushed kernel and shell materials in the placing groove (18) fall onto the vibrating bed (27), at the moment, a second motor (37) is started, a third rotating shaft (35) is driven to rotate through a coupler, a cam (34) does circular motion, a contact wheel (33) can be jacked when a protruding part moves upwards, the vibrating bed (27) is jacked up through an acting force T-shaped rod (30), a jacking seat (31) is utilized to jack the vibrating bed (27), four groups of curved spring steel plates (26) are bent and are pressed by inner side pressure, and the slope of elastic force resetting is facilitated, so that the kernel and shell materials vibrate and collide up and down on the vibrating bed (27) at one side, the kernel and shell are completely separated, the kernel and move forward to the right side;
s4, air separation and material collection: the blower (38) is started to generate wind force to blow towards the falling shells and kernels, the shells are broken, the weight of the shells is far less than that of the walnut kernels, the shells and the kernels fall into the air separation chamber (39) in a obviously different parabola mode in the falling process, two piles of materials are formed in the air separation chamber (39), and the separated materials can be directly taken out by opening the sliding door (40).
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| CN201911016845.9A CN110693043B (en) | 2019-10-24 | 2019-10-24 | Hickory nut shell breaking, separating and sorting device and application method thereof |
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| CN112107000A (en) * | 2020-08-26 | 2020-12-22 | 浙江省农业科学院 | Harmless remove device of chinese torreya shell |
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| CN110693043B (en) | 2023-08-01 |
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