CN110692555A - Refined sturgeon breeding method - Google Patents
Refined sturgeon breeding method Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/10—Culture of aquatic animals of fish
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/10—Culture of aquatic animals of fish
- A01K61/13—Prevention or treatment of fish diseases
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/60—Floating cultivation devices, e.g. rafts or floating fish-farms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
- A23K10/16—Addition of microorganisms or extracts thereof, e.g. single-cell proteins, to feeding-stuff compositions
- A23K10/18—Addition of microorganisms or extracts thereof, e.g. single-cell proteins, to feeding-stuff compositions of live microorganisms
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/20—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/20—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
- A23K10/22—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin from fish
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
- A23K10/37—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from waste material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/80—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for aquatic animals, e.g. fish, crustaceans or molluscs
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
- Y02A40/818—Alternative feeds for fish, e.g. in aquacultures
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
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Abstract
The invention discloses a refined sturgeon culture method, which starts with the aspects of environmental control, fry control, nutrition control, disease prevention and control and the like; the sturgeon culture conditions are strictly controlled, the occurrence of sturgeon diseases is reduced, the culture environment and the nutrition required by growth of the sturgeon are comprehensively ensured, the sturgeon grows healthily, the death rate is reduced, and the output is improved; meanwhile, the method has good water environment and environment-friendly culture mode, improves the quality of commercial fish, and realizes the combination of economic benefit and environmental benefit.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a sturgeon culture method, in particular to a refined sturgeon culture method.
Technical Field
The sturgeon has the advantages of high growth speed, delicious meat quality, high nutritional value and good market economic value. At present, wild sturgeon resources are nearly exhausted, and sturgeons on the market are almost all artificially fed. Sturgeon cold water benthic fish has very narrow feeding habits and belongs to carnivorous fish. The sturgeon cultivation has extremely high requirements on environment, requires clean water quality, high dissolved oxygen content, proper temperature and needs a large cultivation field, so the cultivation investment cost is high. In addition, in the growth process of the sturgeons, particularly when the sturgeons are bred at high density, the sturgeons are easy to die due to diseases and insect pests, and economic loss is brought to breeders. Therefore, in the process of culturing the sturgeons, fine management is needed, the growth environment and the culture density of the sturgeons are guaranteed, plant diseases and insect pests are reduced, the death rate is reduced, larger market competition is obtained, and the method is a key target of sturgeon cultivators at present.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems existing in sturgeon culture, the invention provides a refined sturgeon culture method, which strictly controls the environment, nutrition and plant diseases and insect pests of sturgeon culture, increases output and improves the economic benefit of culturists on the premise of high-density culture. The specific technical scheme is as follows:
a refined sturgeon culture method comprises the following steps:
1) and (3) environmental control:
A. pond conditions: the area of the aquaculture pond is not less than 4 mu, the depth of the pond is more than 2 m, the bottom of the pond is sandy, each pond is provided with an independent water inlet and outlet port, a slope and a feed platform, and a waterwheel type aerator and a barrier net are arranged;
B. clearing and disinfecting a pond: cleaning and disinfecting the pond 15-20 days before putting the fry; firstly, sprinkling tea seed cake leachate, cleaning the pond for 1-2 days to kill fish, shrimps and fish and shrimp eggs in the pond, and then soaking the pond for 3-4 days by using quicklime water, wherein the water depth is 20-30 cm; discharging and then putting the water body into a clear water pond to ensure that the pH value of the water body is 7-8; discharging again, putting clear water as water for cultivation, adding the pond water to 70-80 cm in depth 10 days before the seedlings are thrown, and using chlorine-containing disinfectant for secondary disinfection;
C. culturing plankton: after the water for cultivation is put in, the filter material after the dry chicken manure is soaked and disinfected is wrapped by a fiber bag and then is put at the downwind port in the pond to be used as a fertilizer for culturing plankton;
D. setting a net cage: 7-10 days before the fry are put in, arranging a net cage for culture in the pond, wherein the specification of the net cage is 4-5 square meters, the net is made of polyethylene material, and the mesh size is based on the principle of no escape of fish, contribution to water body exchange and no bait leakage of a bottom net sheet; before the net cage is launched into water, the net cage is soaked in quicklime water or bleaching powder water;
2) closing the fry:
E. selecting fish fry: selecting the fry with 10-15 cm length or 75-150 g weight, disease resistance, no injury, robustness, liveliness and regular specification as stocking fry;
F. fry testing: selecting 10-15 fish fries with the same specification 2 days before placing the fish fries, sterilizing, placing the fish fries into the net cage, observing the activity condition of the sturgeons, and placing the fish fries after no abnormal condition exists;
G. putting the fry: after the fry is tested for water and is not abnormal, the fry is placed into a net cage after being soaked in salt water for 10 minutes, and the feeding density is 40-50 tails per square meter;
3) and (3) nutrition control:
H. feeding the feed: stopping feeding the fish fries for 2-3 days after the fish fries are put in the box, starting feeding on the third day, feeding the fish fries 4 times every day, feeding the fish fries once in the morning, at noon and at night, and feeding the fish fries once at night, wherein the feeding amount is 3% -5% of the weight of the fish in the box;
I. and (3) recovering the feed: the feeding net is arranged on the feed table, and after 1-2 hours of feed is fed each time, the feed is recovered through the feeding net, and the recovered feed can be reused after being processed, so that the nutrition and health of the feed are ensured, and meanwhile, the water body is ensured to be clear and clean;
4) disease prevention and control:
J. water quality management: after the fry is put in, the fry stage changes water 1 time every 7 days, and the adult stage changes water 1 time every 15 days; adding a certain amount of oriented green alga fertilizer or microbial preparation after water is changed every time, ensuring the growth requirement of plankton in the water body, ensuring the transparency of the water body to be 30-50 cm, simultaneously keeping the pH value of the water body to be 7-8 and keeping the net dissolved oxygen amount to be more than 5 mg/L; cleaning the net cage every 10 days to keep smooth exchange of water bodies inside and outside the net cage and reduce diseases;
K. replacing the net cage: along with the growth of the fish body, the net cages are replaced once a month, the culture density is controlled, and the diseases are controlled;
preventing and treating fish diseases: and (3) insisting on one inspection in the morning, the noon and the evening, fishing out the diseased fish and dead fish in the box by carrying out box inspection after finding that floating dead fish exist in the box, carrying out isolated running water feeding on the whole box, and meanwhile, using corresponding prevention and treatment medicines for prevention and treatment.
In a preferable technical scheme, in the step A, a 60-mesh filtering screen is arranged at the independent water inlet; the feed table is made of cement concrete, the area of the feed table is 6-8 square meters, and a shading net is arranged on the feed table.
The method for cultivating refined sturgeons according to claim 1, wherein in the step B, the tea seed cake leachate is obtained by smashing tea seed cakes and then soaking the smashed tea seed cakes in water for 24-48 hours, and 15-20 kg of tea seed cakes are used per mu of pond.
In the step C, the dry chicken manure used as the plankton culturing fertilizer is used with the dosage of 50 kilograms per mu, and the chicken manure is soaked for 2 days, disinfected by a chlorine-containing disinfectant, filtered to remove impurities and used.
Preferably, in step F, G, the fish body is subjected to sterilization treatment by bathing with saline water, wherein the concentration of the saline water is 3% to 4%, and the bathing time is 10 to 15 minutes.
In a preferred technical scheme, in the step H, the formula of the feeding feed comprises the following components in parts by weight: 20-30 parts of fish meal, 30-50 parts of chicken, 10-20 parts of loach shrimps, 10-15 parts of silkworm chrysalis meal, 10-12 parts of wheat bran, 8-12 parts of corn, 8-10 parts of yeast, 15-20 parts of an immunopotentiator and 5-10 parts of a microbial preparation additive.
As a further preferred technical scheme, the immunopotentiator comprises the following components in parts by weight: 5-10 parts of folium artemisiae argyi, 5-10 parts of radix isatidis, 8-10 parts of mulberry leaf powder, 5-10 parts of silkworm excrement powder, 6-10 parts of honeysuckle and 6-10 parts of medlar; the biological agent additive is various additives which are sold in the market and contain beneficial microorganisms and are used for assorted aquaculture feeds.
In a further preferable technical scheme, in the step J, the directional green alga fertilizer added after water change is a directional diatom fertilizer, and the fertilizer consumption is 0.2-0.4 kg per mu; the microbial preparation is a commercial beneficial microbial preparation containing bacillus.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the refined feeding provides a good growth environment for the growth of the sturgeons, and rich nutrition ensures the healthy growth of the sturgeons.
2. A fine pest control system runs through a pond, fish fries and the whole culture process, strict control is achieved, the death rate is reduced, and the output is improved.
3. The nutritious, green and healthy feed formula ensures that the sturgeons grow quickly, improves the immunity of the sturgeons, increases the resistance to diseases and insect pests, and further improves the output of the sturgeons.
4. The quality of commercial fish is guaranteed on the premise of good water environment, healthy feed and green and environment-friendly culture mode, and the economic benefit and the environmental benefit are combined.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments.
The embodiment is a refined sturgeon culture method, which comprises the following steps:
1) and (3) environmental control: the requirements of the sturgeons on the growth environment condition are high, and good pond conditions are the primary conditions for culturing the sturgeons. The environmental control in this embodiment mainly includes the following aspects:
A. pond conditions: the area of the constructed aquaculture pond is 4 mu, the depth of the pond is 3 m, the bottom of the pond is sandy, a water inlet and a water outlet are respectively arranged at two ends of the pond, the slope is built on four walls of the pond, the slope is about 30 degrees, 6 feed tables are built in the pond by using concrete, the area of each feed table is 8 square meters, and shading nets are arranged on the feed tables. Two sides of the pond are respectively provided with a waterwheel type aerator, a water inlet of the pond is provided with a silk cloth filter screen with the specification of about 60 mu, and a water outlet of the pond is provided with a blocking screen for preventing fish fries from sliding away when water is drained.
B. Clearing and disinfecting a pond: cleaning and disinfecting the pond 20 days before putting the fry; firstly, smashing tea seed cakes, soaking the smashed tea seed cakes in water for 24 hours to obtain leachate, then fully sprinkling the leachate into a pond with the water depth of about 25 cm, and cleaning the pond for 2 days to kill fish, shrimps and fish and shrimp eggs in the pond, wherein 20 kg of tea seed cakes are used in each mu of pond. And then replacing fresh water, adding 150 kg of quicklime into the pond per mu of pond, splashing the quicklime into the whole pond, and immersing the pond for 3 days, wherein the water depth is about 25 cm, so as to kill pests in the water. Draining water again, and putting into a clean water pond; discharging, and then putting clear water as culture water to ensure that the pH value of the water body is 7-8; and 10 days before the seedlings are thrown, the pond water depth is increased to about 75 cm, and then chlorine-containing disinfector is used for disinfecting again.
C. Culturing plankton: the dry chicken is soaked for 2 days, disinfected by a chlorine-containing disinfectant, filtered to remove impurities, wrapped by a fiber bag, and put at a downwind port in a pond to be used as a fertilizer for culturing plankton, wherein the dosage of dry chicken manure in each mu of the pond is about 50 kg. The plankton has the main effect of 'fertilizing water', so that the water body keeps the transparency of 30-50 cm, and the sturgeon is prevented from being damaged by natural enemies such as waterfowls and the like due to the fact that the water body is too clear. Meanwhile, plankton is the primary productivity of the whole water ecosystem and provides oxygen for the pond, and is the first productivity of the water, and the aerator can only be used as an emergency means. In addition, the beneficial algae can enhance the immunity of the water body, keep the ecological balance of the water body and provide an excellent growth environment for the sturgeons.
D. Setting a net cage: setting a net cage for culture in the pond 10 days before putting the fry, wherein the specification of the net cage is 4 square meters, the net cage is made of polyethylene material, and the mesh size is based on the principle of no escape of fish, contribution to water body exchange and no bait leakage of a bottom net sheet; before the net cage is launched into water, the net cage is soaked in quicklime water or bleaching powder water, and meanwhile, bleaching powder and dipterex are inserted into hanging bags at four corners in the net cage (the concentration of the bleaching powder hanging bags is controlled).
2) Throwing seedlings and closing the gate: in sturgeon culture, besides good environment control, the closing of fries is also a key. The selected breeding and the well-made cleaning work of breeding are the guarantee work for ensuring the growth of sturgeons and improving the economic value of cultivation. In this embodiment, the fry gate is mainly related to the following aspects:
E. selecting fish fry: selecting the fry with the body length of about 10-15 cm or the body weight of about 100-120 g, which is disease-free, wound-free, strong and vivid and has regular specification as stocking fry.
F. Fry testing: and (3) selecting 15 fish fries with the same specification for sterilization treatment and then placing the fish fries into the net cage 2 days before the fish fries are placed, observing the activity condition of the sturgeons, and placing the fish fries after no abnormality occurs.
G. Putting the fry: after the fry is tested for water and is not abnormal, the fry body is soaked in salt water for 10 minutes and then put into a net cage, and the feeding density is 50 tails per square meter. Particularly, before the fish fry is put into the box, the fish fry is required to be subjected to salt water immersion bath, the concentration of the salt water is 3% -4%, and the immersion bath time is 10-15 minutes, so that pathogenic bacteria and other pathogenic microorganisms carried by the fish body are killed.
3) And (3) nutrition control: the nutrition is the energy guarantee for the growth of sturgeons, and not only high protein is contained, but also the health is considered. The implementation mainly controls the nutritional ingredients and feeding time of the fed feed.
H. Feeding the feed: stopping feeding the fish fries for 2-3 days after the fish fries are put in the box, starting feeding on the third day, feeding 4 times every day, feeding once in the morning, at noon and evening and feeding once at night, wherein the feeding amount is 4% of the weight of the fish in the box. The formula of the feeding feed comprises the following components in parts by weight: 30 parts of fish meal, 50 parts of chicken, 20 parts of loach shrimps, 15 parts of silkworm chrysalis meal, 12 parts of wheat bran, 12 parts of corn, 10 parts of yeast, 20 parts of immunopotentiator and 6 parts of microbial preparation additive. Wherein, the immunopotentiator comprises the following components in parts by weight: 10 parts of folium artemisiae argyi, 10 parts of radix isatidis, 10 parts of mulberry leaf powder, 10 parts of silkworm excrement powder, 10 parts of honeysuckle and 10 parts of medlar; the microbial preparation additive is various commercially available additives for matching aquaculture feeds containing beneficial microorganisms, such as a microbial preparation additive produced by green sea bioengineering limited company of Zhanjiang province, Guangdong province, and contains beneficial microorganisms such as bacillus, so that the intestinal microbial environment of the sturgeon can be changed, the disease resistance of the sturgeon can be improved, nutrient substances which are difficult to utilize by feeds can be decomposed, and the healthy growth of the sturgeon can be ensured.
I. And (3) recovering the feed: in order to guarantee the health of sturgeon diet, establish on the fodder platform and feed the net, after 1.5 ~ 2 hours of fodder were put in at every turn, through feeding the net, retrieve the fodder, prevent that the fodder is corrupt and pollute the water, prevent simultaneously that sturgeon from eating rotten fodder, influence the fish health. The recycled feed can be reused after being processed, so that the nutrition and health of the feed can be guaranteed, the water can be kept clear, the feed is saved, and the economic benefit is further increased.
4) Disease control: sturgeons in the seedling stage are fragile in immunity and should be paid particular attention. The treatment of water quality and the timely discovery and treatment of disease sources are provided. The main practice of this embodiment is:
J. water quality management: after the fry is put in, the fry stage changes water 1 time every 7 days, and the adult stage changes water 1 time every 15 days; after water is changed every time, a certain amount of oriented green alga fertilizer is added to directionally culture beneficial green algae so as to keep the transparency of the water body at about 40 cm. For example, 1.5 kg of diatom fertilizer is applied to directionally culture diatom, so that the water quality can be guaranteed to be 'fertile and alive', the vitality of sturgeon living in the water quality is strong, the body is bright and clean, the sturgeon is good in ingestion and digestion absorption, the growth speed is high, and the water color is the best water color for cultivation. In addition, a commercial beneficial microbial preparation containing bacillus can be applied, the growth requirement of plankton in the water body is guaranteed, the pH value of the water body is kept to be 7-8, and the net dissolved oxygen is more than 6 mg/L. In addition, the net cage needs to be cleaned every 10 days, so that smooth exchange of water bodies inside and outside the net cage is kept, and the occurrence of diseases is reduced.
K. Replacing the net cage: and (3) replacing the net cages once a month along with the growth of the fish body, controlling the culture density and controlling diseases.
Preventing and treating fish diseases: and (3) insisting on one inspection in the morning, the noon and the evening, fishing out the diseased fish and dead fish in the box by carrying out box inspection after finding that floating dead fish exist in the box, carrying out isolated running water feeding on the whole box, and meanwhile, using corresponding prevention and treatment medicines for prevention and treatment.
While the invention has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes may be made and equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof without departing from the scope of the invention. However, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification of the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present invention are within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A refined sturgeon culture method is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
1) and (3) environmental control:
A. pond conditions: the area of the aquaculture pond is not less than 4 mu, the depth of the pond is more than 2 m, the bottom of the pond is sandy, each pond is provided with an independent water inlet and outlet port, a slope and a feed platform, and a waterwheel type aerator and a barrier net are arranged;
B. clearing and disinfecting a pond: cleaning and disinfecting the pond 15-20 days before putting the fry; firstly, sprinkling tea seed cake leachate, cleaning the pond for 1-2 days to kill fish, shrimps and fish and shrimp eggs in the pond, and then soaking the pond for 3-4 days by using quicklime water, wherein the water depth is 20-30 cm; discharging and then putting the water body into a clear water pond to ensure that the pH value of the water body is 7-8; discharging again, putting clear water as water for cultivation, adding the pond water to 70-80 cm in depth 10 days before the seedlings are thrown, and using chlorine-containing disinfectant for secondary disinfection;
C. culturing plankton: after the water for cultivation is put in, the filter material after the dry chicken manure is soaked and disinfected is wrapped by a fiber bag and then is put at the downwind port in the pond to be used as a fertilizer for culturing plankton;
D. setting a net cage: 7-10 days before the fry are put in, arranging a net cage for culture in the pond, wherein the specification of the net cage is 4-5 square meters, the net is made of polyethylene material, and the mesh size is based on the principle of no escape of fish, contribution to water body exchange and no bait leakage of a bottom net sheet; before the net cage is launched into water, the net cage is soaked in quicklime water or bleaching powder water;
2) closing the fry:
E. selecting fish fry: selecting the fry with 10-15 cm length or 75-150 g weight, disease resistance, no injury, robustness, liveliness and regular specification as stocking fry;
F. fry testing: selecting 10-15 fish fries with the same specification 2 days before placing the fish fries, sterilizing, placing the fish fries into the net cage, observing the activity condition of the sturgeons, and placing the fish fries after no abnormal condition exists;
G. putting the fry: after the fry is tested for water and is not abnormal, the fry is placed into a net cage after being soaked in salt water for 10 minutes, and the feeding density is 40-50 tails per square meter;
3) and (3) nutrition control:
H. feeding the feed: stopping feeding the fish fries for 2-3 days after the fish fries are put in the box, starting feeding on the third day, feeding the fish fries 4 times every day, feeding the fish fries once in the morning, at noon and at night, and feeding the fish fries once at night, wherein the feeding amount is 3% -5% of the weight of the fish in the box;
I. and (3) recovering the feed: the feeding net is arranged on the feed table, and after 1-2 hours of feed is fed each time, the feed is recovered through the feeding net, and the recovered feed can be reused after being processed, so that the nutrition and health of the feed are ensured, and meanwhile, the water body is ensured to be clear and clean;
4) disease prevention and control:
J. water quality management: after the fry is put in, the fry stage changes water 1 time every 7 days, and the adult stage changes water 1 time every 15 days; adding a certain amount of oriented green alga fertilizer or microbial preparation after water is changed every time, ensuring the growth requirement of plankton in the water body, ensuring the transparency of the water body to be 30-50 cm, simultaneously keeping the pH value of the water body to be 7-8 and keeping the net dissolved oxygen amount to be more than 5 mg/L; cleaning the net cage every 10 days to keep smooth exchange of water bodies inside and outside the net cage and reduce diseases;
K. replacing the net cage: along with the growth of the fish body, the net cages are replaced once a month, the culture density is controlled, and the diseases are controlled;
preventing and treating fish diseases: and (3) insisting on one inspection in the morning, the noon and the evening, fishing out the diseased fish and dead fish in the box by carrying out box inspection after finding that floating dead fish exist in the box, carrying out isolated running water feeding on the whole box, and meanwhile, using corresponding prevention and treatment medicines for prevention and treatment.
2. The refined sturgeon culture method according to claim 1, wherein the culture method comprises the following steps: in the step A, a 60-mesh filtering screen is arranged at the independent water inlet; the feed table is made of cement concrete, the area of the feed table is 6-8 square meters, and a shading net is arranged on the feed table.
3. The refined sturgeon culture method according to claim 1, wherein the culture method comprises the following steps: and in the step B, the tea seed cake leaching solution is obtained by smashing tea seed cakes and soaking the smashed tea seed cakes in water for 24-48 hours, wherein 15-20 kg of tea seed cakes are used in each mu of pond.
4. The refined sturgeon culture method according to claim 1, wherein the culture method comprises the following steps: in the step C, the dry chicken manure used for culturing the plankton fertilizer accounts for 50 kilograms per mu, is soaked for 2 days, and is disinfected by a chlorine-containing disinfectant and is used after impurities are removed by filtering.
5. The refined sturgeon culture method according to claim 1, wherein the culture method comprises the following steps: in step F, G, the fish body is bathed in saline water for sterilization, the concentration of the saline water is 3% -4%, and the bathing time is 10-15 minutes.
6. The refined sturgeon culture method according to claim 1, wherein the culture method comprises the following steps: in the step H, the formula of the feed comprises the following components in parts by weight: 20-30 parts of fish meal, 30-50 parts of chicken, 10-20 parts of loach shrimps, 10-15 parts of silkworm chrysalis meal, 10-12 parts of wheat bran, 8-12 parts of corn, 8-10 parts of yeast, 15-20 parts of an immunopotentiator and 5-10 parts of a microbial preparation additive.
7. The refined sturgeon culture method according to claim 6, wherein the culture method comprises the following steps: the immunopotentiator comprises the following components in parts by weight: 5-10 parts of folium artemisiae argyi, 5-10 parts of isatis root, 8-10 parts of mulberry leaf powder, 5-10 parts of silkworm excrement powder, 6-10 parts of honeysuckle and 6-10 parts of medlar.
8. The refined sturgeon culture method according to claim 6, wherein the culture method comprises the following steps: the biological agent additive is various additives which are sold in the market and contain beneficial microorganisms and are used for assorted aquaculture feeds.
9. The refined sturgeon culture method according to claim 1, wherein the culture method comprises the following steps: in the step J, the directional green alga fertilizer added after water change is a directional diatom fertilizer, and the fertilizer consumption is 0.2-0.4 kg per mu; the microbial preparation is a commercial beneficial microbial preparation containing bacillus.
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