CN110692339B - Intelligent agricultural water and fertilizer integrated irrigation system and irrigation method thereof - Google Patents
Intelligent agricultural water and fertilizer integrated irrigation system and irrigation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN110692339B CN110692339B CN201911063780.3A CN201911063780A CN110692339B CN 110692339 B CN110692339 B CN 110692339B CN 201911063780 A CN201911063780 A CN 201911063780A CN 110692339 B CN110692339 B CN 110692339B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C23/00—Distributing devices specially adapted for liquid manure or other fertilising liquid, including ammonia, e.g. transport tanks or sprinkling wagons
- A01C23/04—Distributing under pressure; Distributing mud; Adaptation of watering systems for fertilising-liquids
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G25/00—Watering gardens, fields, sports grounds or the like
- A01G25/02—Watering arrangements located above the soil which make use of perforated pipe-lines or pipe-lines with dispensing fittings, e.g. for drip irrigation
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D21/00—Measuring or testing not otherwise provided for
- G01D21/02—Measuring two or more variables by means not covered by a single other subclass
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Abstract
The invention discloses an intelligent agricultural water and fertilizer integrated irrigation system and an irrigation method thereof, wherein the irrigation system comprises the following steps: comprises a water and fertilizer feeding mechanism, an irrigation water pipe, a monitoring structure and a granulated fertilizer adding device; the water and fertilizer feeding mechanism comprises an irrigation water tank structure and a fertilizer loading box, the irrigation water tank structure and the fertilizer loading box are respectively communicated with an irrigation water pipe and are arranged for discharging irrigation water through the irrigation water pipe; the granulated fertilizer adding device is arranged on the irrigation water pipe and discharges materials into the irrigation water pipe; monitoring agricultural soil through the monitoring structure so as to adjust the irrigation amount of the water and fertilizer feeding mechanism; through sending into irrigation water with various liquid and granular fertilizer for these fertilizers are sprayed to agricultural soil along with irrigation water on, set up like this and reduced artifical labour cost, improved fertilization efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an intelligent agricultural water and fertilizer integrated irrigation system and an irrigation method thereof.
Background
In the process of irrigating agricultural soil, in order to reduce labor cost and improve working efficiency, fertilizer is generally added into irrigation water to carry out water and fertilizer integration to apply the agricultural soil; however, when applying fertilizer to irrigation water, the amount of fertilizer applied and the distribution of fertilizer in the irrigation water need to be considered.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows: in order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention provides an intelligent agricultural water and fertilizer integrated irrigation system and an irrigation method thereof, which can solve the problems.
The technical scheme is as follows: in order to achieve the purpose, the intelligent agricultural water and fertilizer integrated irrigation system comprises: comprises a water and fertilizer feeding mechanism, an irrigation water pipe, a monitoring structure and a granulated fertilizer adding device; the water and fertilizer feeding mechanism comprises an irrigation water tank structure and a fertilizer loading box, the irrigation water tank structure and the fertilizer loading box are respectively communicated with an irrigation water pipe and are arranged for discharging irrigation water through the irrigation water pipe; the granulated fertilizer adding device is arranged on the irrigation water pipe and discharges materials into the irrigation water pipe; a first flow switch valve is arranged on a water outlet pipe of the irrigation water tank structure, a second flow switch valve is arranged on a fertilizer discharging pipe in the fertilizer loading box, a controller is arranged on the monitoring structure, and a signal output end of the controller is respectively communicated with signal input ends of the first flow switch valve and the second flow switch; monitoring agricultural soil through the monitoring structure so as to adjust the irrigation amount of the water and fertilizer feeding mechanism; through sending into irrigation water with various liquid and granular fertilizer for these fertilizers are sprayed to agricultural soil along with irrigation water on, set up like this and reduced artifical labour cost, improved fertilization efficiency.
Furthermore, the irrigation water pipe comprises a main irrigation water pipe, the granulated fertilizer adding device comprises a liquid flow detection structure and a feeding structure arranged above the main irrigation water pipe, the liquid flow detection structure comprises a water pressure column, a guide plate and a first piston air pressure column, the water pressure column, the guide plate and the first piston air pressure column are sequentially arranged in the main irrigation water pipe along the liquid flow direction, the length direction of the water pressure column is arranged along the liquid flow direction, one end of the water pressure column is arranged on a telescopic column of the first piston air pressure column in a forward extrusion manner, a conical liquid baffle plate is arranged at the other end of the water pressure column, and the area of the liquid baffle plate is gradually increased along the water flow direction; the guide plate is fixedly arranged in the main irrigation water pipe, a central hole matched with the water pressure column is formed in the middle of the guide plate, and the water pressure column penetrates through the central hole; a compression spring is arranged between the guide plate and the liquid baffle plate; the liquid flow detection structure also comprises a second piston air pressure column and a piezoresistor which are arranged outside the main irrigation water pipe, a stop block is arranged right above the second piston air pressure column, the piezoresistor is arranged between the telescopic column of the second piston air pressure column and the stop block, and the telescopic column of the second piston air pressure column is arranged at the pressed part of the piezoresistor in a forward extrusion way; the sealing air cavity of the first piston air pressure column is communicated with the sealing air cavity of the second piston air pressure column through a pipeline; the feeding structure comprises a particle fertilizer bin arranged above the main irrigation water pipe and a material conveying channel connecting the particle fertilizer bin and the main irrigation water pipe, and the height of the material conveying channel is greater than the hydraulic height of liquid in the main irrigation water pipe in the material conveying channel; a spiral conveying column is arranged in the conveying channel, the spiral conveying column is matched with the conveying channel, and granular fertilizer in the granular fertilizer bin is conveyed into the main irrigation water pipe through the conveying channel by the spiral conveying column; a material conveying motor is arranged at the top of the granular fertilizer bin and is in transmission arrangement with the spiral material conveying column; the signal output end of the piezoresistor is communicated with the signal input end of a controller of the material conveying motor; through the feeding of the water pressure control granular fertilizer in the main irrigation water pipe to can effectively avoid granular fertilizer too much and block up the water pipe in irrigation water pipe.
Furthermore, the device also comprises a propelling structure which is arranged in the main irrigation water pipe; the propelling structure comprises a transmission case, a transmission shaft and a turbine, wherein one end of the transmission shaft is arranged on the turbine, and the other end of the transmission shaft is arranged in the transmission case; the bottom end of the spiral material conveying column extends into the transmission case and is in meshing transmission with the transmission shaft through a bevel gear; the turbine is rotationally arranged perpendicular to the direction of water flow in the main irrigation water pipe; a mixing and stirring column is arranged in the main irrigation water pipe, is arranged behind the liquid flow of the propelling structure and is driven by a motor to rotate in a direction perpendicular to the direction of the water flow; through propelling movement structure and mixing stirring structure make granulated fertilizer can abundant mixing in main irrigation water pipe.
Furthermore, the top of the irrigation water tank structure comprises a rainwater collector, and a water outlet of the rainwater collector is communicated with the inside of the irrigation tank body at the bottom of the rainwater collector; external rainwater is collected into the irrigation box body through the rainwater collector; the side wall of the edge of the top of the irrigation box body protrudes upwards to form a rainwater collector placing groove, the rainwater collector placing groove is matched with a rainwater collector, and the rainwater collector is placed in the rainwater collector placing groove in a matched mode; the inner surface of the rainwater collector placing groove is covered with a sealing rubber layer, and the rainwater collector is extruded on the sealing rubber layer; the rainwater collector plays the purpose of water conservation.
Furthermore, the rainwater collector sequentially comprises an open collecting cavity, an isolating cavity and a filtering cavity from top to bottom, and the open collecting cavity, the isolating cavity and the filtering cavity are sequentially communicated; the open collecting cavity and the isolating cavity are separated by a partition plate; the partition plate is detachably arranged, a plurality of liquid flow holes are uniformly formed in the partition plate, and the liquid flow holes are communicated with the open collecting and isolating cavity; the filter cavity is arranged in a cylindrical shape, and a liquid inlet of the filter cavity is arranged at the bottom in the isolation cavity; the inner cavity of the isolation cavity is inclined downwards towards the liquid inlet of the filter cavity and gathered together; a filter screen is arranged in the filter cavity, and rainwater in the filter cavity is filtered by the filter screen and then flows out of the irrigation box body; the function of filtering rainwater is played, and irrigation blockage is prevented.
Furthermore, two sides of the top of the open collection cavity are respectively hinged with a shielding cover, one end of the shielding cover is arranged right above the open collection cavity, and the other end of the shielding cover extends out of the open collection cavity; a telescopic cylinder is arranged at the hinged outer end of the open collection cavity and the shielding cover, the telescopic cylinder is arranged in a telescopic manner along the vertical direction, and the top end of a telescopic column of the telescopic cylinder is hinged to the lower surface of the shielding cover; the shielding covers on the two sides are driven to rotate along the hinged positions of the shielding covers through the extension of the telescopic columns of the telescopic cylinders, and are arranged above the open collecting cavity in a flaring shape; the shielding cover plays a role in shielding leaves and large impurities from falling into the rainwater collector.
Furthermore, the fertilizer loading box sequentially comprises a fertilizer storage cavity and a dissolving cavity from top to bottom, the fertilizer storage cavity is annularly arranged on the outer side of the dissolving cavity, and a fertilizer discharging pipe at the bottom of the fertilizer storage cavity is communicated with the dissolving cavity; a liquid inlet pipeline is arranged on the dissolving cavity and communicated with the inside of the irrigation box; a water suction pump and a third flow control valve are sequentially arranged on the liquid inlet pipeline along the water flow direction; the stirring blade and the stirring shaft are arranged in the material dissolving cavity, the stirring blade is arranged on the stirring shaft, and the stirring blade is horizontally and rotatably arranged in the material dissolving cavity along with the stirring shaft; the blade surface of the stirring blade is perpendicular to the rotation direction of the stirring blade; the top support of the material dissolving cavity is provided with a rotating motor, and the rotating motor drives the stirring shaft to rotate.
Furthermore, the irrigation box body is communicated with the main irrigation water pipe through a water outlet pipe; a water suction pump is arranged on the water outlet pipe; a discharge pipe is arranged at the bottom of the material dissolving cavity, and a fourth flow control valve is arranged on the discharge pipe; the discharge end of the discharge pipe extends into the main irrigation water pipe and is arranged for discharging medicine into the main irrigation water pipe; a liquid outlet end of the discharge pipe is provided with a blending device, and the blending device is horizontally arranged along the liquid flow direction in the main irrigation water pipe; evenly be provided with the discharge opening on the lateral wall of blending machine, the discharge opening perpendicular to liquid flow direction in the main irrigation water pipe goes out the liquid setting.
Furthermore, the irrigation water pipe also comprises a secondary irrigation water pipe and a drip irrigation pipe, and the main irrigation water pipe, the secondary irrigation water pipe and the burette are sequentially communicated along the water flow direction; the main irrigation water pipe is provided with a plurality of secondary irrigation water pipes in a communicated manner, a splitter is arranged at the position, communicated with the secondary irrigation water pipes, of the main irrigation water pipe and comprises a plurality of separation plates, and the separation plates are arranged at intervals in the direction perpendicular to the water flow direction.
An irrigation method of an intelligent agricultural water and fertilizer integrated irrigation system comprises the following steps: the soil moisture probe and the soil fertilizer probe on the monitoring structure detect the soil condition, so that the flow of the first flow switch valve and the second flow switch valve is controlled by the controller, and the irrigation water quantity and the irrigation fertilizer quantity flowing into the main irrigation water pipe can reasonably irrigate the soil; the method comprises the following specific steps:
the method comprises the following steps that firstly, an irrigation box body is connected with an external water pipe to store water, a rainwater collector is arranged at the top of the irrigation box body, and rainwater is collected into the irrigation box body through the rainwater collector; two sides of the top of the open collecting cavity are respectively hinged with a shielding cover, and the shielding covers are arranged on the rainwater collector in an opening-closing manner.
Step two, the fertilizer loading box sequentially comprises a fertilizer storage cavity and a dissolving cavity from top to bottom, so that the fertilizer stored in the fertilizer storage cavity flows into the dissolving cavity to be mixed with irrigation water in the dissolving cavity, the fertilizer is uniformly stirred by a stirring blade, a discharging pipe is arranged at the bottom of the dissolving cavity, and a fourth flow control valve is arranged on the discharging pipe; the discharge end of the discharge pipe extends into the main irrigation water pipe and is arranged for discharging medicine into the main irrigation water pipe; a liquid outlet end of the discharge pipe is provided with a blending device;
thirdly, liquid flow in the main irrigation water pipe impacts a liquid baffle plate, so that the liquid baffle plate extrudes a telescopic column of a first piston air pressure column, a telescopic column of a second piston air pressure column communicated with an inner cavity of the first piston air pressure column extends out and is pressed on a piezoresistor, a signal output end of the piezoresistor is communicated with a signal input end of a controller of a material conveying motor, and the material conveying motor is controlled to convey granular fertilizer in a granular fertilizer bin into the main irrigation water pipe;
step four, arranging the monitoring structure in the soil to be irrigated, and inserting a soil humidity probe and a soil fertilizer probe into the soil; and then the signal output ends of the soil humidity detection needle and the soil fertilizer detection needle are connected with the signal input end of the controller, and the signal output end of the controller is connected with the signal input ends of the first flow switch valve and the second flow switch valve.
Has the advantages that: according to the intelligent agricultural water and fertilizer integrated irrigation system and the irrigation method thereof, the agricultural soil is monitored through the monitoring structure, so that the irrigation amount of the water and fertilizer feeding mechanism is adjusted; various liquid and granular fertilizers are fed into irrigation water, so that the fertilizers are sprayed to agricultural soil along with the irrigation water, pipelines are not blocked by the granular fertilizers, the fertilizers are uniformly distributed in the irrigation water, and the fertilizers are uniformly applied to the agricultural soil; the water and fertilizer integrated irrigation system reduces the labor cost and improves the fertilization efficiency.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the irrigation system of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a water and fertilizer feeding mechanism of the irrigation system of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of the irrigation system according to the present invention showing the opening of the cover of the liquid manure feeding mechanism;
FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an irrigation water tank of the irrigation system of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic top view of a water and fertilizer feeding mechanism of the irrigation system of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of FIG. 5 of the irrigation system of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a fertilizer loading bin of the irrigation system of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an irrigation pipe of the irrigation system of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the linear structure of the granulated fertilizer adding apparatus of the irrigation system of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic structural view of a front cross section of a granulated fertilizer adding device of the irrigation system of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is an enlarged partial schematic view of FIG. 10 of the irrigation system of the present invention;
FIG. 12 is an enlarged partial schematic view of FIG. 9 of the irrigation system of the present invention;
fig. 13 is an enlarged partial schematic view of fig. 10 of the irrigation system of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The intelligent agricultural water and fertilizer integrated irrigation system shown in the attached drawings 1-13 comprises: the device comprises a water and fertilizer feeding mechanism 1, an irrigation water pipe 2, a monitoring structure 3 and a granulated fertilizer adding device 4; the water and fertilizer feeding mechanism 1 comprises an irrigation water tank structure 11 and a fertilizer loading box 12, wherein the irrigation water tank structure 11 and the fertilizer loading box 12 are respectively communicated with an irrigation water pipe 2 and are arranged for discharging irrigation water through the irrigation water pipe 2; the granulated fertilizer adding device 4 is arranged on the irrigation water pipe 2 and discharges materials into the irrigation water pipe 2; a first flow switch valve 112 is arranged on a water outlet pipe 111 of the irrigation water tank structure 11, a second flow switch valve 1201 is arranged on a fertilizer discharging pipe 120 in the fertilizer loading tank 12, a controller is arranged on the monitoring structure 3, and a signal output end of the controller is respectively communicated with signal input ends of the first flow switch valve 112 and the second flow switch valve 1201; monitoring agricultural soil through the monitoring structure 3, so as to adjust the irrigation amount of the water and fertilizer feeding mechanism 1; various liquid and granular fertilizers are fed into irrigation water, so that the fertilizers are sprayed to agricultural soil along with the irrigation water, pipelines are not blocked by the granular fertilizers, the fertilizers are uniformly distributed in the irrigation water, and the uniform fertilization and irrigation are performed on the agricultural soil; and set up like this and reduced artifical labour cost, improved fertilization efficiency.
The rainwater collector 13 sequentially comprises an open collecting cavity 131, an isolating cavity 132 and a filtering cavity 133 from top to bottom, and the open collecting cavity 131, the isolating cavity 132 and the filtering cavity 133 are sequentially communicated; the open collection cavity 131 and the isolation cavity 132 are separated by a partition 134; the partition plate 134 is detachably arranged, a plurality of liquid flow holes are uniformly formed in the partition plate 134, and the liquid flow holes are communicated with the open collection cavity 131 and the isolation cavity 132; large impurities in the rainwater are isolated by the isolation chamber 132. The filter cavity 133 is cylindrical, and a liquid inlet of the filter cavity 133 is arranged at the bottom in the isolation cavity 132; the inner cavity of the isolation cavity 132 is inclined downwards towards the liquid inlet of the filter cavity 133 and is gathered; a filter screen 1331 is arranged in the filter cavity 133, rainwater in the filter cavity 133 is filtered by the filter screen 1331 and then discharged into the irrigation tank 14, and small impurities in the rainwater are filtered by the filter screen; this arrangement ensures that impurities in the rain do not enter the irrigation tank 14.
Two sides of the top of the open collection cavity 131 are respectively hinged with a shielding cover 135, one end of the shielding cover 135 is right above the open collection cavity 131, and the other end of the shielding cover extends out of the open collection cavity 131; a telescopic cylinder 136 is arranged at the hinged outer end of the open collection cavity 131 and the shielding cover 135, the telescopic cylinder 136 is arranged in a telescopic manner along the vertical direction, and the top end of a telescopic column of the telescopic cylinder 136 is hinged to the lower surface of the shielding cover 135; when the rainwater collector is not used for collecting rainwater, the shielding cover is arranged above the open collecting cavity 131 in a shielding mode, so that impurities can be prevented from entering the open collecting cavity 131; when rainwater collector is required to collect rainwater, the telescopic cylinder 136 is extended to drive the two sides, the shielding cover 135 rotates along the hinged position of the shielding cover and is arranged in a flaring shape above the open collecting cavity 131, so that the area of the open collecting cavity 131 is increased, and rainwater collection is facilitated.
The fertilizer loading box 12 sequentially comprises a fertilizer storage cavity 121 and a dissolving cavity 122 from top to bottom, the fertilizer storage cavity 121 is annularly arranged on the outer side of the dissolving cavity 122, and a fertilizer discharging pipe 120 at the bottom of the fertilizer storage cavity 121 is communicated with the dissolving cavity 122; a liquid inlet pipeline 1221 is arranged on the solvent cavity 122, and the liquid inlet pipeline 1221 is communicated with the inside of the irrigation box body 14; a water suction pump 1222 and a third flow control valve 1223 are sequentially arranged on the liquid inlet pipeline 1221 along the water flow direction; the material dissolving cavity 122 is internally provided with a stirring blade 123 and a stirring shaft 124, the stirring blade 123 is arranged on the stirring shaft 124, and the stirring blade 123 rotates horizontally in the material dissolving cavity 122 along with the stirring shaft 124; the blade surface of the stirring blade 123) is perpendicular to the rotation direction of the stirring blade 123; the top of the material dissolving cavity 122 is supported and provided with a rotating motor 125, and the rotating motor 125 drives the stirring shaft 124 to rotate. The irrigation box body 14 is communicated with a main irrigation water pipe 21 through a water outlet pipe 111; a water suction pump 1222 is arranged on the water outlet pipe 111; a discharge pipe 126 is arranged at the bottom of the material dissolving cavity 122, and a fourth flow control valve 1261 is arranged on the discharge pipe 126; the discharge end of the discharge pipe 126 extends into the main irrigation water pipe 21 and is arranged for discharging the pesticide into the main irrigation water pipe 21; a uniform mixer 1262 is arranged at the liquid outlet end of the discharge pipe 126, and the uniform mixer 1262 is horizontally arranged along the liquid flow direction in the main irrigation water pipe 21; evenly be provided with discharge opening 1263 on the lateral wall of blending machine 1262, discharge opening 1263 perpendicular to the liquid flow direction play liquid setting in the main irrigation water pipe 21 makes the irrigation water of fertilizer liquid body in the abundant mixing in main irrigation water pipe 21 after diluting like this.
The top of the irrigation water tank structure 11 comprises a rainwater collector 13, and a water outlet of the rainwater collector 13 is communicated with the inside of an irrigation tank body 14 at the bottom of the rainwater collector; the rainwater collector 13 is used for collecting external rainwater into the irrigation box body 14; the side wall of the edge of the top of the irrigation box body 14 protrudes upwards to form a rainwater collector placing groove, the rainwater collector placing groove is matched with the rainwater collector 13, and the rainwater collector 13 is matched, placed and arranged in the rainwater collector placing groove; the inner surface of the rainwater collector placing groove is covered with a sealing rubber layer, and the rainwater collector 13 is extruded on the sealing rubber layer; the irrigation water in the irrigation box body 14 can be led into tap water through a pipeline, and can also be collected into the irrigation box body 14 through the rainwater collector 13, so that the purpose of saving water is achieved.
The irrigation water pipe 2 comprises a main irrigation water pipe 21, the granulated fertilizer adding device 4 comprises a liquid flow detection structure 41 and a material adding structure 42 arranged above the main irrigation water pipe 21, the liquid flow detection structure 41 comprises a water pressure column 411, a guide plate 412 and a first piston air pressure column 413, the water pressure column 411, the guide plate 412 and the first piston air pressure column 413 are sequentially arranged in the main irrigation water pipe 21 along the liquid flow direction, the length direction of the water pressure column 411 is arranged along the liquid flow direction, one end of the water pressure column 411 is arranged on a telescopic column of the first piston air pressure column 413 in a forward extrusion mode, a conical liquid baffle 414 is arranged at the other end of the water pressure column 411, and the area of the liquid baffle 414 is gradually increased along the water flow direction; the guide plate 412 is fixedly arranged in the main irrigation water pipe 21, a central hole matched with the water pressure column 411 is formed in the middle of the guide plate 412, and the water pressure column 411 is provided with a central hole in a penetrating manner; a compression spring 415 is arranged between the guide plate 412 and the liquid baffle 414; the liquid flow detection structure 41 further comprises a second piston pneumatic cylinder 416 and a piezoresistor 417 which are arranged outside the main irrigation water pipe 21, a stopper 418 is arranged right above the second piston pneumatic cylinder 416, a piezoresistor 417 is arranged between the telescopic cylinder of the second piston pneumatic cylinder 416 and the stopper 418, and the telescopic cylinder of the second piston pneumatic cylinder 416 is arranged at the pressed part of the piezoresistor 417 in a forward extrusion manner; the sealed air cavity of the first piston air pressure column 413 is communicated with the sealed air cavity of the second piston air pressure column 416 through a pipeline; the material adding structure 42 comprises a particle fertilizer bin 421 arranged above the main irrigation water pipe 212, and a material conveying channel 422 connecting the particle fertilizer bin 421 with the inside of the main irrigation water pipe 21, wherein the height of the material conveying channel 422 is greater than the hydraulic height of liquid in the main irrigation water pipe 21 in the material conveying channel 422, so that irrigation water in the main irrigation water pipe 21 is prevented from entering the particle fertilizer bin 421 under the action of water pressure. A spiral conveying column 423 is arranged in the conveying channel 422, the spiral conveying column 423 is matched with the conveying channel 422, and granular fertilizer in the granular fertilizer bin 421 is conveyed into the main irrigation water pipe 21 through the conveying channel 422 through the spiral conveying column 423; a material conveying motor 424 is arranged at the top of the particle fertilizer bin 421, and the material conveying motor 424 is in transmission arrangement with a spiral material conveying column 423; and the signal output end of the piezoresistor 417 is communicated with the signal input end of a controller of the material conveying motor 424. The liquid flow in the main irrigation water pipe 21 impacts the liquid baffle 414, so that the liquid baffle 414 extrudes the telescopic column of the first piston air pressure column 413, the telescopic column of the second piston air pressure column 416 communicated with the inner cavity of the first piston air pressure column 413 extends out and is pressed on the piezoresistor 417, the signal output end of the piezoresistor 417 is communicated with the signal input end of the controller of the material conveying motor 424, and the material conveying motor 424 is controlled to convey the granulated fertilizer in the granulated fertilizer bin 421 to the main irrigation water pipe 21; specifically, when the irrigation water flow rate is high and the water pressure is high, the liquid baffle 414 compresses the telescopic column of the first piston air pressure column 413 more intensely, so that the pressure of the telescopic column of the second piston air pressure column 416 on the piezoresistor 417 is high, the piezoresistor 417 sends an electrical signal to control the controller of the material conveying motor 424, the rotating speed of the material conveying motor is accelerated, and the spiral material conveying column 423 conveys more granular fertilizer into the main irrigation water pipe 21; otherwise, the granular fertilizer is reduced to enter the main irrigation water pipe 21; this is done to enable the irrigation water in the main irrigation pipe 21 to transport suitable granulated fertilizer, avoiding blockage of the irrigation pipe 2 by excess granulated fertilizer.
Also comprises a propelling structure 44, wherein the propelling structure 44 is arranged in the main irrigation water pipe 21; the propelling structure 44 comprises a transmission case 443, a transmission shaft 442 and a turbine 441, wherein one end of the transmission shaft 442 is arranged on the turbine 441, and the other end of the transmission shaft 442 is arranged in the transmission case 443; the bottom end of the spiral conveying column 423 extends into the transmission case 443 and is in meshing transmission with the transmission shaft 442 through a bevel gear; the turbine 441 is rotatably arranged perpendicular to the water flow direction in the main irrigation water pipe 21; the spiral conveying column 423 drives the turbine to rotate, so that the flowing power of irrigation water in the main irrigation water pipe 21 is enhanced, and the irrigation water is prevented from entering the granular fertilizer bin 421 along the conveying channel 422 under the action of water pressure; a blending and stirring column 43 is arranged in the main irrigation water pipe 21, the blending and stirring column 43 is arranged behind the liquid flow of the propelling structure 44, and the motor drives the blending and stirring column 43 to rotate and arrange in a direction perpendicular to the water flow; so that the granulated fertilizer introduced into the main irrigation water pipe 21 can be uniformly mixed in the irrigation water.
The irrigation water pipe 2 further comprises a secondary irrigation water pipe 22 and a drip irrigation pipe 23, and the main irrigation water pipe 21, the secondary irrigation water pipe 22 and the drip irrigation pipe 23 are sequentially communicated along the water flow direction; the intercommunication is provided with a plurality of secondary irrigation water pipes 22 on main irrigation water pipe 21, be provided with the shunt 24 with secondary irrigation water pipe 22 intercommunication department in the main irrigation water pipe 21, the shunt 24 is including a plurality of division boards 241, and is a plurality of division board 241 perpendicular to rivers direction interval sets up, makes the irrigation water in the main irrigation water pipe 21 shunt on separator 24 like this, and the irrigation water volume that the guarantee flowed into in every secondary irrigation water pipe 22 is the same.
The monitoring structure 3 comprises an upright post and a detection box arranged on the upright post, a detector is arranged in the detection box, a soil humidity detection needle and a soil fertilizer detection needle are arranged at the bottom of the detection box, and a signal input end of the controller is respectively connected with a signal output end of the soil humidity detection needle and a signal output end of the soil fertilizer detection needle; the solar cell panel is arranged at the top end of the upright post and is electrically connected with the detector in the detection box; moisture and fertilizer in the agricultural soil are monitored through the soil humidity probe needle and the soil fertilizer probe needle, so that the agricultural soil is reasonably irrigated by regulating and controlling the whole irrigation system.
An irrigation method of an intelligent agricultural water and fertilizer integrated irrigation system comprises the following steps: the soil moisture probe and the soil fertilizer probe on the monitoring structure detect the soil condition, so that the flow of the first flow switch valve and the second flow switch valve 1201 is controlled by the controller, and the irrigation water quantity and the irrigation fertilizer quantity flowing into the main irrigation water pipe 21 are used for reasonably irrigating the soil; the method comprises the following specific steps: the irrigation box body 14 is connected with an external water pipe for storing water, a rainwater collector 13 is arranged at the top of the irrigation box body 14, and rainwater is collected into the irrigation box body 14 through the rainwater collector 13; two sides of the top of the open collection cavity 131 are respectively hinged with a shielding cover 135, and the shielding covers 135 are arranged on the rainwater collector 13 in an opening and closing manner. The fertilizer loading box 12 sequentially comprises a fertilizer storage cavity 121 and a dissolving cavity 122 from top to bottom, so that the fertilizer stored in the fertilizer storage cavity 121 flows into the dissolving cavity 122 to be mixed with irrigation water in the dissolving cavity, and is uniformly stirred by a stirring blade 123, a discharge pipe 126 is arranged at the bottom of the dissolving cavity 122, and a fourth flow control valve 1261 is arranged on the discharge pipe 126; the discharge end of the discharge pipe 126 extends into the main irrigation water pipe 21 and is arranged for discharging the pesticide into the main irrigation water pipe 21; a blending device 1262 is arranged at the liquid outlet end of the discharge pipe 126; the liquid flow in the main irrigation water pipe 21 impacts the liquid baffle 414, so that the liquid baffle 414 extrudes the telescopic column of the first piston air pressure column 413, the telescopic column of the second piston air pressure column 416 communicated with the inner cavity of the first piston air pressure column 413 extends out and is pressed on the piezoresistor 417, the signal output end of the piezoresistor 417 is communicated with the signal input end of the controller of the material conveying motor 424, and the material conveying motor 424 is controlled to convey the granulated fertilizer in the granulated fertilizer bin 421 to the main irrigation water pipe 21; arranging the monitoring structure 3 in the soil to be irrigated, and inserting a soil humidity detection needle and a soil fertilizer detection needle into the soil; then, the signal output ends of the soil humidity detection needle and the soil fertilizer detection needle are connected with the signal input end of the controller, and the signal output end of the controller is connected with the signal input ends of the first flow switch valve 112 and the second flow switch valve 1201.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and it should be noted that: it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and adaptations can be made without departing from the principles of the invention and these are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a wisdom agricultural liquid manure integration irrigation system which characterized in that: comprises a water and fertilizer feeding mechanism (1), an irrigation water pipe (2), a monitoring structure (3) and a granulated fertilizer adding device (4); the water and fertilizer feeding mechanism (1) comprises an irrigation water tank structure (11) and a fertilizer loading box (12), wherein the irrigation water tank structure (11) and the fertilizer loading box (12) are respectively communicated with an irrigation water pipe (2) and are arranged for irrigating water outlet through the irrigation water pipe (2); the granulated fertilizer adding device (4) is arranged on the irrigation water pipe (2) and discharges materials into the irrigation water pipe (2); a first flow switch valve (112) is arranged on a water outlet pipe (111) of the irrigation water tank structure (11), a second flow switch valve (1201) is arranged on a fertilizer discharging pipe (120) in the fertilizer loading box (12), a controller is arranged on the monitoring structure (3), and a signal output end of the controller is respectively communicated with signal input ends of the first flow switch valve (112) and the second flow switch valve (1201); monitoring agricultural soil through the monitoring structure (3) so as to adjust the irrigation amount of the water and fertilizer feeding mechanism (1);
the irrigation water pipe (2) comprises a main irrigation water pipe (21), the granulated fertilizer adding device (4) comprises a liquid flow detection structure (41) and a feeding structure (42) arranged above the main irrigation water pipe (21), the liquid flow detection structure (41) comprises a water pressure column (411), a guide plate (412) and a first piston air pressure column (413), the water pressure column (411), the guide plate (412) and the first piston air pressure column (413) are sequentially arranged in the main irrigation water pipe (21) along the liquid flow direction, the length direction of the water pressure column (411) is arranged along the liquid flow direction, one end of the water pressure column (411) is positively extruded and arranged on a telescopic column of the first piston air pressure column (413), the other end of the water pressure column (411) is provided with a conical liquid baffle plate (414), and the area of the liquid baffle plate (414) is gradually increased and arranged along the water flow direction; the guide plate (412) is fixedly arranged in the main irrigation water pipe (21), a central hole matched with the water pressure column (411) is formed in the middle of the guide plate (412), and the water pressure column (411) penetrates through the central hole; a compression spring (415) is arranged between the guide plate (412) and the liquid baffle plate (414); the liquid flow detection structure (41) further comprises a second piston air pressure column (416) and a piezoresistor (417) which are arranged on the outer side of the main irrigation water pipe (21), a stop block (418) is arranged right above the second piston air pressure column (416), the piezoresistor (417) is arranged between the telescopic column of the second piston air pressure column (416) and the stop block (418), and the telescopic column of the second piston air pressure column (416) is arranged at the pressed part of the piezoresistor (417) in a forward extrusion mode; the sealed air cavity of the first piston air pressure column (413) is communicated with the sealed air cavity of the second piston air pressure column (416) through a pipeline; the feeding structure (42) comprises a particle fertilizer bin (421) arranged above the main irrigation water pipe (212), a material conveying channel (422) connecting the particle fertilizer bin (421) with the main irrigation water pipe (21), and the height of the material conveying channel (422) is greater than the hydraulic height of liquid in the main irrigation water pipe (21) in the material conveying channel (422); a spiral conveying column (423) is arranged in the conveying channel (422), the spiral conveying column (423) is matched with the conveying channel (422), and granular fertilizer in the granular fertilizer bin (421) is conveyed into the main irrigation water pipe (21) through the spiral conveying column (423) through the conveying channel (422); a material conveying motor (424) is arranged at the top of the particle fertilizer bin (421), and the material conveying motor (424) is in transmission arrangement with the spiral material conveying column (423); and the signal output end of the piezoresistor (417) is communicated with the signal input end of a controller of the material conveying motor (424).
2. The intelligent agricultural water and fertilizer integrated irrigation system as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the irrigation system also comprises a propelling structure (44), wherein the propelling structure (44) is arranged in the main irrigation water pipe (21); the propelling structure (44) comprises a transmission case (443), a transmission shaft (442) and a turbine (441), one end of the transmission shaft (442) is arranged on the turbine (441), and the other end of the transmission shaft is arranged in the transmission case (443); the bottom end of the spiral conveying column (423) extends into the transmission case (443) and is in meshing transmission with the transmission shaft (442) through a bevel gear; the turbine (441) is rotationally arranged perpendicular to the water flow direction in the main irrigation water pipe (21); be provided with mixing stirring post (43) in main irrigation water pipe (21), mixing stirring post (43) set up in the liquid stream rear of advancing structure (44) to drive mixing stirring post (43) through the motor and rotate the setting perpendicular to rivers direction.
3. The intelligent agricultural water and fertilizer integrated irrigation system as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the top of the irrigation water tank structure (11) comprises a rainwater collector (13), and a water outlet of the rainwater collector (13) is communicated with the inside of an irrigation tank body (14) at the bottom of the rainwater collector; external rainwater is collected into the irrigation box body (14) through the rainwater collector (13); the side wall of the top edge of the irrigation box body (14) protrudes upwards to form a rainwater collector placing groove, the rainwater collector placing groove is matched with the rainwater collector (13), and the rainwater collector (13) is matched, placed and arranged in the rainwater collector placing groove; the inner surface of the rainwater collector placing groove is covered with a sealing rubber layer, and the rainwater collector (13) is extruded on the sealing rubber layer.
4. The intelligent agricultural water and fertilizer integrated irrigation system as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the rainwater collector (13) sequentially comprises an open collecting cavity (131), an isolating cavity (132) and a filtering cavity (133) from top to bottom, and the open collecting cavity (131), the isolating cavity (132) and the filtering cavity (133) are sequentially communicated; the open collection cavity (131) and the isolation cavity (132) are separated by a partition plate (134); the partition plate (134) is detachably arranged, a plurality of liquid flow holes are uniformly formed in the partition plate (134), and the liquid flow holes are communicated with the open collecting cavity (131) and the isolating cavity (132); the filter cavity (133) is arranged in a cylindrical shape, and a liquid inlet of the filter cavity (133) is arranged at the bottom in the isolation cavity (132); the inner cavity of the isolation cavity (132) is inclined downwards towards the liquid inlet of the filter cavity (133) and gathered together; a filter screen (1331) is arranged in the filter cavity (133), and rainwater in the filter cavity (133) is filtered by the filter screen (1331) and then flows out of the irrigation box body (14).
5. The intelligent agricultural water and fertilizer integrated irrigation system as claimed in claim 4, wherein: two sides of the top of the open collection cavity (131) are respectively hinged with a shielding cover (135), one end of the shielding cover (135) is arranged right above the open collection cavity (131), and the other end of the shielding cover extends out of the open collection cavity (131); a telescopic cylinder (136) is arranged at the hinged outer end of the opening collection cavity (131) and the shielding cover (135), the telescopic cylinder (136) is arranged in a telescopic mode along the vertical direction, and the top end of a telescopic column of the telescopic cylinder (136) is hinged to the lower surface of the shielding cover (135); through the extension of flexible post of telescopic cylinder (136), drive both sides shelter from lid (135) and rotatory and be the flaring setting above uncovered collection chamber (131) along its articulated department.
6. The intelligent agricultural water and fertilizer integrated irrigation system as claimed in claim 5, wherein: the fertilizer loading box (12) sequentially comprises a fertilizer storage cavity (121) and a dissolving cavity (122) from top to bottom, the fertilizer storage cavity (121) is annularly arranged on the outer side of the dissolving cavity (122), and a fertilizer discharging pipe (120) at the bottom of the fertilizer storage cavity (121) is communicated with the dissolving cavity (122); a liquid inlet pipeline (1221) is arranged on the solvent cavity (122), and the liquid inlet pipeline (1221) is communicated with the inside of the irrigation box body (14); a water suction pump (1222) and a third flow control valve (1223) are sequentially arranged on the liquid inlet pipeline (1221) along the water flow direction; a stirring blade (123) and a stirring shaft (124) are arranged in the material dissolving cavity (122), the stirring blade (123) is arranged on the stirring shaft (124), and the stirring blade (123) rotates horizontally in the material dissolving cavity (122) along with the stirring shaft (124); the blade surface of the stirring blade (123) is perpendicular to the rotation direction of the stirring blade (123); the top of the material dissolving cavity (122) is provided with a rotating motor (125) in a supporting manner, and the rotating motor (125) drives the stirring shaft (124) to rotate.
7. The intelligent agricultural water and fertilizer integrated irrigation system as claimed in claim 6, wherein: the irrigation box body (14) is communicated with a main irrigation water pipe (21) through a water outlet pipe (111); a water suction pump (1222) is arranged on the water outlet pipe (111); a discharge pipe (126) is arranged at the bottom of the material dissolving cavity (122), and a fourth flow control valve (1261) is arranged on the discharge pipe (126); the discharge end of the discharge pipe (126) extends into the main irrigation water pipe (21) and is arranged for discharging medicine into the main irrigation water pipe (21); a liquid outlet end of the discharge pipe (126) is provided with a blending device (1262), and the blending device (1262) is horizontally arranged along the liquid flow direction in the main irrigation water pipe (21); evenly be provided with discharge opening (1263) on the lateral wall of blending machine (1262), discharge opening (1263) perpendicular to the liquid flow direction play liquid setting in main irrigation water pipe (21).
8. The intelligent agricultural water and fertilizer integrated irrigation system according to claim 7, wherein: the irrigation water pipe (2) further comprises a secondary irrigation water pipe (22) and a drip irrigation pipe (23), and the main irrigation water pipe (21), the secondary irrigation water pipe (22) and the burette (23) are sequentially communicated along the water flow direction; the main irrigation water pipe (21) is provided with a plurality of secondary irrigation water pipes (22) in a communicating mode, a diverter (24) is arranged in the main irrigation water pipe (21) and in the communicating position of the secondary irrigation water pipes (22), the diverter (24) comprises a plurality of separating plates (241) and is arranged at intervals in the direction perpendicular to the water flow direction of the separating plates (241).
9. The irrigation method of the intelligent agricultural water and fertilizer integrated irrigation system according to claim 8, wherein the irrigation method comprises the following steps: soil conditions are detected by a soil humidity detection needle (32) and a soil fertilizer detection needle (33) on the monitoring structure, so that the flow of the first flow switch valve (112) and the flow of the second flow switch valve (1201) are controlled by a controller, and the irrigation water quantity and the irrigation fertilizer quantity flowing into the main irrigation water pipe (21) are used for reasonably irrigating the soil; the method comprises the following specific steps:
step one, an irrigation box body (14) is connected with an external water pipe to store water, a rainwater collector (13) is arranged at the top of the irrigation box body (14), and rainwater is collected into the irrigation box body (14) through the rainwater collector (13); two sides of the top of the open collecting cavity (131) are respectively hinged with a shielding cover (135), and the shielding covers (135) are arranged on the rainwater collector (13) in an opening and closing manner;
step two, the fertilizer loading box (12) sequentially comprises a fertilizer storage cavity (121) and a dissolving cavity (122) from top to bottom, so that the fertilizer stored in the fertilizer storage cavity (121) flows into the dissolving cavity (122) to be mixed with irrigation water in the dissolving cavity, the fertilizer is uniformly stirred by a stirring blade (123), a discharge pipe (126) is arranged at the bottom of the dissolving cavity (122), and a fourth flow control valve (1261) is arranged on the discharge pipe (126); the discharge end of the discharge pipe (126) extends into the main irrigation water pipe (21) and is arranged for discharging medicine into the main irrigation water pipe (21); a liquid outlet end of the discharge pipe (126) is provided with a blending device (1262);
thirdly, liquid flow in the main irrigation water pipe (21) impacts a liquid baffle plate (414) to enable the liquid baffle plate (414) to extrude a telescopic column of a first piston air pressure column (413), so that a telescopic column of a second piston air pressure column (416) communicated with an inner cavity of the first piston air pressure column (413) extends out to be pressed on a piezoresistor (417), and a signal output end of the piezoresistor (417) is communicated with a signal input end of a controller of a material conveying motor (424), so that the material conveying motor (424) is controlled to convey granular fertilizer in a granular fertilizer bin (421) into the main irrigation water pipe (21) to be mixed with irrigation water;
step four, arranging the monitoring structure (3) in the soil to be irrigated, and inserting a soil humidity detection needle (32) and a soil fertilizer detection needle (33) into the soil; the signal output ends of the soil humidity detection needle (32) and the soil fertilizer detection needle (33) are connected with the signal input end of the controller, and the signal output end of the controller is connected with the signal input ends of the first flow switch valve (112) and the second flow switch valve (1201).
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| WO2022094757A1 (en) * | 2020-11-03 | 2022-05-12 | 唐山圣因海洋科技有限公司 | Mini agricultural machinery irrigation device |
| CN113229119A (en) * | 2021-06-25 | 2021-08-10 | 上海涵格建设工程有限公司 | Energy-concerving and environment-protective type irrigation system of modernization farmland irrigation |
| CN113557837B (en) * | 2021-07-26 | 2022-05-17 | 河北农业大学 | Intelligent water and fertilizer integrated equipment and use method thereof |
| CN113748819B (en) * | 2021-10-08 | 2022-05-03 | 中国农业科学院农田灌溉研究所 | Intelligent agricultural water and fertilizer integrated irrigation system and irrigation method thereof |
| CN114885660A (en) * | 2022-04-28 | 2022-08-12 | 金昌赛良饲草饲料有限公司 | Agricultural is with intelligent liquid manure irrigation system |
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| EP1175143A4 (en) * | 1999-02-04 | 2006-07-12 | Handelsonderneming Revaho B V | Automatic nutrient supplying system with inflowing air intercepting device |
| CN207869707U (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2018-09-18 | 宁夏农林科学院 | A kind of accurate water-fertilizer integral device |
| CN209234538U (en) * | 2018-11-17 | 2019-08-13 | 湖南森鑫环境景观园林工程有限公司 | A kind of Water saving type watering arrangement |
| CN209527166U (en) * | 2018-12-20 | 2019-10-25 | 自贡佳鑫农业科技有限公司 | A kind of automatic irrigation fertilizer apparatus |
| CN209403039U (en) * | 2018-12-25 | 2019-09-20 | 上海浦东现代农业温室工程技术有限公司 | A kind of greenhouse water and fertilizer irrigation integrated apparatus |
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Effective date of registration: 20200916 Address after: No. 17 Changqing Road, Jining District, Ulanchabu City, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, 012000 Applicant after: INNER MONGOLIA TIANBAOFENG FERTILIZER Co.,Ltd. Address before: 76 xibeixing neighborhood, Xixin Road, Xishan District, Wuxi City, Jiangsu Province Applicant before: Hu Weifeng |
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