CN110690048A - 一种铝电解电容器的制备方法 - Google Patents
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G9/00—Electrolytic capacitors, rectifiers, detectors, switching devices, light-sensitive or temperature-sensitive devices; Processes of their manufacture
- H01G9/0029—Processes of manufacture
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G9/00—Electrolytic capacitors, rectifiers, detectors, switching devices, light-sensitive or temperature-sensitive devices; Processes of their manufacture
- H01G9/004—Details
- H01G9/04—Electrodes or formation of dielectric layers thereon
- H01G9/042—Electrodes or formation of dielectric layers thereon characterised by the material
- H01G9/045—Electrodes or formation of dielectric layers thereon characterised by the material based on aluminium
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G9/00—Electrolytic capacitors, rectifiers, detectors, switching devices, light-sensitive or temperature-sensitive devices; Processes of their manufacture
- H01G9/15—Solid electrolytic capacitors
- H01G9/151—Solid electrolytic capacitors with wound foil electrodes
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Abstract
本发明所提供一种铝电解电容器的制备方法,它包括有以嵌入型化合物LiMn_2O_4或LiCoO_2与活性炭的混合物为正极材料,正极材料制备成正极片,将正极片放入KMnO4溶液内,得到复合正极片;用氨络合沉积法合成纳米级的氢氧化镍,将其烧结得到纳米级的氧化镍,采用氧化镍制备成负极片;在负极片表面涂覆负极浆料,形成复合负极片;再用氧化铝膜制备隔膜;将隔膜、正极片、隔膜、负极片依次层叠,再卷绕形成电容芯。本方案巡查的工艺简单,容易制造和造作,安全性和稳定性好,可实现工业化生产。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及电容技术领域,尤其是指一种铝电解电容器的制备方法。
背景技术
随着科学技术的不断进步,人类物质文化的逐步提高,人们对科技产品的需求也日益提高。而新一代信息技术产业的发展,直接依赖电容产业的技术进步和产品更新,其中电容产业为此创造了前所未有的巨大市场。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种安全性高、性能好的铝电解电容器的制备方法。
为实现上述目的,本发明所提供的技术方案为:一种铝电解电容器的制备方法,它包括有以下步骤:
1)、正极片的制作 :以嵌入型化合物LiMn_2O_4或LiCoO_2与活性炭的混合物为正极材料,正极材料制备成正极片,将正极片放入KMnO4溶液内,得到复合正极片;
2)、负极片的制作 :用氨络合沉积法合成纳米级的氢氧化镍,将其烧结得到纳米级的氧化镍,采用氧化镍制备成负极片;在负极片表面涂覆负极浆料,形成复合负极片;
3)、隔膜的制作 :通过两步阳极氧化在0.5M硫酸和5gL草酸混合溶液中制得多孔氧化铝膜,经5wt%的磷酸扩孔处理得到具有孔径大小均一,排列有序,并具有一定厚度的氧化膜,以该氧化膜为模板制备隔膜;
4)、将隔膜、正极片、隔膜、负极片依次层叠,再卷绕形成电容芯,正极极耳和负极极耳分别与正、负极极片平焊在一起,用铝塑膜将电容芯、正、负极耳封装成电容,向电容内按照5~10g/Ah 注入,封装后浸润,然后对电容芯抽真空,在 50~100℃温度下烘烤 12~36h电解液成胶,化成后即得到电容。
所述第1)步骤是将正极片放入含量为0.1mol/L的KMnO4和0.1mol/L的HNO3混合溶液内,恒温反应,使正极片表面包覆MnO2层得到MnO2/CMSs复合材料,用H2C2O4洗涤MnO2/CMSs复合材料得到复合正极片。
本发明在采用上述方案后,采用LiMn_2O_4或LiCoO_2与活性炭混合制成的正极片可以增大正极活性物质的载量,使正负极活性物质质量比约为2:1,从而使电容性能达到最佳;氧化镍负极片在KOH溶液中,表现出良好的电容性质,其比容量可达110F/g,且经5000次循环后保持90%以上;采用本方案后的电容性能优异、安全性高。
具体实施方式
下面对本发明作进一步说明,本发明的较佳实施例为:一种铝电解电容器的制备方法包括有以下步骤:
1)、正极片的制作 :以嵌入型化合物LiMn_2O_4或LiCoO_2与活性炭的混合物为正极材料,正极材料制备成正极片,将正极片放入KMnO4溶液内,得到复合正极片;将正极片放入含量为0.1 mol/L的KMnO4和0.1 mol/L的HNO3混合溶液内,恒温反应,使正极片表面包覆MnO2层得到MnO2/CMSs复合材料,用H2C2O4洗涤MnO2/CMSs复合材料得到复合正极片;
活性炭电极在KOH溶液中,能够表现出较好的电容性质;电极的比容量随KOH溶液的浓度的增加而有明显提高,在30%的KOH溶液中,-1.0~0.0V(vs SCE)电位范围内,其性能达到最佳,比容量达200F/g。LiMn_2O_4或LiCoO_2与活性炭混合制成的正极片可以增大正极活性物质的载量,使正负极活性物质质量比约为2:1,从而使电容性能达到最佳;
随着活性炭量的增加比电容增大,当嵌入型化合物含量为25%时电容器的比电容较大,且LiCoO_2与活性炭混合材料组成的电容器的最高比电容为40.53F/g,LiMn_2O_4与活性炭混合材料的比电容相对较小;
2)、负极片的制作 :用氨络合沉积法合成纳米级的氢氧化镍,将其烧结得到纳米级的氧化镍,采用氧化镍制备成负极片;在负极片表面涂覆负极浆料,形成复合负极片;
复合负极片是将负极活性物质、导电剂和粘结剂在负极制浆溶剂中混合成浆料,在负极集流体上涂覆,涂覆速度为 10~20m/min,然后在 80~150℃下干燥后,经辊压后形成厚度为 100~200μ 的负极片,负极片的压实密度为 1.0~2.0 g/cm3;负极活性物质为锌、镉、铅等活泼金属和氢或碳氢化合物;导电剂为导电炭黑、石墨导电剂或石墨烯,粘结剂为聚乙烯醇、聚四氟乙烯或聚胺酯,氧化镍负极片在KOH溶液中,表现出良好的电容性质,其比容量可达110F/g,且经5000次循环后保持90%以上;
3)、隔膜的制作 :通过两步阳极氧化在0.5M硫酸和5gL草酸混合溶液中制得多孔氧化铝膜,经5wt%的磷酸扩孔处理得到具有孔径大小均一,排列有序,并具有一定厚度的氧化膜,以该氧化膜为模板制备隔膜;
本实施例通过两步阳极氧化在0.5M硫酸和5gL草酸混合溶液中制得多孔氧化铝膜,经5wt%的磷酸扩孔处理得到具有孔径大小均一,排列有序,并具有一定厚度的阳极氧化铝模板 (AAO) ,以该氧化膜为模板,用溶胶或凝胶法在其微孔内合成了MnO2纳米线。利用扫描电镜(SEM)对模板和纳米线材料的形貌进行了表征,发现氧化铝模板微孔直径为75±2nm ,MnO2 纳米线直径在70nm左右 ,长度为 500~700nm。通过X 射线衍射 (XRD)检测可知该纳米线为α MnO2。循环伏安 (CV)表明αMnO2 纳米线在 2.0mol L (NH4)2SO4 溶液中具有优良的电容行为 ,比电容达165Fg ;
4)、将隔膜、正极片、隔膜、负极片依次层叠,再卷绕形成电容芯,正极极耳和负极极耳分别与正、负极极片平焊在一起,用铝塑膜将电容芯、正、负极耳封装成电容,向电容内按照5~10g/Ah 注入,封装后浸润,然后对电容芯抽真空,在 50~100℃温度下烘烤 12~36h电解液成胶,化成后即得到电容。
按本方案制备的电容具有优异的安全可靠性,不易燃烧。由于采用,电容中没有液体存在,很难造成电芯短路,起火。工艺简单,容易制造和造作,安全性和稳定性好,可实现工业化生产。
以上所述之实施例只为本发明之较佳实施例,并非以此限制本发明的实施范围,故凡依本发明的原理所作的变化,均应涵盖在本发明的保护范围内。
Claims (2)
1.一种铝电解电容器的制备方法,其特征在于:它包括有以下步骤:
1)、正极片的制作 :以嵌入型化合物LiMn_2O_4或LiCoO_2与活性炭的混合物为正极材料,正极材料制备成正极片,将正极片放入KMnO4溶液内,得到复合正极片;
2)、负极片的制作 :用氨络合沉积法合成纳米级的氢氧化镍,将其烧结得到纳米级的氧化镍,采用氧化镍制备成负极片;在负极片表面涂覆负极浆料,形成复合负极片;
3)、隔膜的制作 :通过两步阳极氧化在0.5M硫酸和5gL草酸混合溶液中制得多孔氧化铝膜,经5wt%的磷酸扩孔处理得到具有孔径大小均一,排列有序,并具有一定厚度的氧化膜,以该氧化膜为模板制备隔膜;
4)、将隔膜、正极片、隔膜、负极片依次层叠,再卷绕形成电容芯,正极极耳和负极极耳分别与正、负极极片平焊在一起,用铝塑膜将电容芯、正、负极耳封装成电容,向电容内按照5~10g/Ah 注入,封装后浸润,然后对电容芯抽真空,在 50~100℃温度下烘烤 12~36h电解液成胶,化成后即得到电容。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种铝电解电容器的制备方法,其特征在于:将正极片放入含量为0.1mol/L的KMnO4和0.1mol/L的HNO3混合溶液内,恒温反应,使正极片表面包覆MnO2层得到MnO2/CMSs复合材料,用H2C2O4洗涤MnO2/CMSs复合材料得到复合正极片。
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CN102201604A (zh) * | 2011-04-22 | 2011-09-28 | 华南师范大学 | 一种电容电池电芯及其制作方法 |
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