CN110686928B - Shallow soil sample collection device and method for geological exploration - Google Patents
Shallow soil sample collection device and method for geological exploration Download PDFInfo
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- CN110686928B CN110686928B CN201911131518.8A CN201911131518A CN110686928B CN 110686928 B CN110686928 B CN 110686928B CN 201911131518 A CN201911131518 A CN 201911131518A CN 110686928 B CN110686928 B CN 110686928B
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- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 204
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 75
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 34
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 210000001503 joint Anatomy 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000005527 soil sampling Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 37
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
- G01N1/04—Devices for withdrawing samples in the solid state, e.g. by cutting
- G01N1/08—Devices for withdrawing samples in the solid state, e.g. by cutting involving an extracting tool, e.g. core bit
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A90/00—Technologies having an indirect contribution to adaptation to climate change
- Y02A90/30—Assessment of water resources
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Abstract
The invention discloses a shallow soil sample collection device for geological exploration, which comprises a rear supporting seat and a portal frame, wherein a surface soil sample collection box is fixedly arranged at the top of the rear supporting seat, a first fan is fixedly arranged at the top of the surface soil sample collection box, and a bottom soil sample collection box fixed on the rear supporting seat is arranged at one side of the surface soil sample collection box. Can solve the soil of current this kind of device in the sampling process other degree of depth and drop easily and together be sampled, lead to sampling result inaccurate, and in the decline sampling process, need bore soil, on the one hand the inside rubble of soil and other barriers influence the sampling easily, on the other hand stability of equipment has not obtained better assurance, the phenomenon of sampling result inaccuracy appears appearing easily because of equipment position removes, and the part that its inside sampling was used all can remain the sample soil of partial last sampling after once using, thereby also lead to the problem of sampling result inaccuracy easily.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of shallow soil sample collection devices, in particular to a shallow soil sample collection device and method for geological exploration.
Background
The geological exploration needs to use soil sample collection device, including shallow soil sample collection device, there is certain defect when current this kind of device still exists when using, although only need be used for sampling shallow soil, still need descend the sampling part to the inside certain degree of depth of soil in the sampling process, thereby make the soil of other degree of depth drop easily and by the samplings altogether in the sampling process, lead to the sampling result inaccurate, and in the sampling process is being carried out in the decline, need bore soil, on the one hand the inside rubble of soil influences the sampling easily, on the other hand the stability of equipment has not been got better assurance, the phenomenon of sampling result inaccuracy appears because of equipment position removal appears easily, and sampling device is because need constantly use repeatedly to sample the shallow soil of different positions, the part that its inside sampling was used all can remain the sample soil of partial last sampling after once using, thereby also easily lead to the sampling result inaccuracy.
The publication number is: the patent of CN108152073A discloses a shallow soil sample collection device for geological exploration, and compared with the device provided by the application, the device provided by the application cannot be solved: the existing device is only used for sampling shallow soil, but still needs to descend a sampling part to a certain depth inside the soil in the sampling process, so that the soil with the rest depth is easy to drop and is sampled together in the sampling process, the sampling result is inaccurate, and in the descending sampling process, soil needs to be drilled, on the one hand, the obstacles such as broken stone inside the soil are easy to influence the sampling, on the other hand, the stability of equipment is not well ensured, the phenomenon that the sampling result is inaccurate due to the movement of the equipment position is easy to occur, and the sampling device is used for sampling the shallow soil with different positions and different depths repeatedly, and the part used for internal sampling of the sampling device can remain part of the soil sampled at the last time after one time use, so that the problem of inaccurate sampling result is also easy to be caused.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a shallow soil sample collection device and method for geological exploration, which can solve the problems that the existing shallow soil sample collection device is easy to drop and sample together in the sampling process, so that the sampling result is inaccurate, and in the sampling process in a descending manner, soil needs to be drilled, on one hand, the sampling is easy to be influenced by obstacles such as broken stone in the soil, on the other hand, the stability of equipment is not well ensured, the phenomenon that the sampling result is inaccurate due to the movement of the equipment position is easy to occur, and the sampling device is used for sampling shallow soil at different positions and different depths repeatedly, and parts used for internal sampling of the sampling device can remain part of the sample soil sampled at the last time after one time use, so that the problem of inaccurate sampling result is also easy to be caused.
The aim of the invention can be achieved by the following technical scheme:
The utility model provides a shallow soil sample collection device for geological exploration, includes back supporting seat and portal frame, back supporting seat top fixed mounting has top layer soil sample collecting box, top layer soil sample collecting box top fixed mounting has first fan, top layer soil sample collecting box one side is provided with the bottom soil sample collecting box of fixing on the back supporting seat, bottom layer soil sample collecting box top fixed mounting has the second fan, first fan, a servo motor is connected respectively to the second fan, bottom layer soil sample collecting box bottom fixed mounting has a drilling machine, the drill bit of drilling machine is vertical down and be connected with bottom sampling assembly, back supporting seat lateral wall middle part welded fastening has the portal frame, portal frame inside fixed mounting has the power, and portal frame lateral wall middle part welded fastening has the traction lever of T type structure, portal frame one side is provided with a first cylinder of fixing on the back supporting seat lateral wall, the pneumatic lever of first cylinder bottom is connected with a sucking disc, first cylinder one side is provided with a first hydraulic shovel of fixing on the back supporting seat, a first hydraulic shovel is connected with a first hydraulic shovel bottom the first hydraulic shovel, a first hydraulic shovel is connected with the first hydraulic shovel bottom the first hydraulic shovel, a first hydraulic shovel is connected with the first hydraulic shovel bottom the first hydraulic shovel, a positioning mechanism is fixedly arranged on the side wall, far away from the portal frame, of the rear supporting seat;
The surface soil sample collecting box and the bottom soil sample collecting box are internally provided with a plurality of uniformly distributed collecting layers, the outer walls of the surface soil sample collecting box and the bottom soil sample collecting box far away from each other are respectively provided with a plurality of pipe joints corresponding to the positions of the collecting layers, the surface soil sample collecting box is connected with the suction cup through a detachable transmission pipe, the bottoms of the first fan and the second fan are respectively provided with a built-in air cylinder, the pneumatic rod of the built-in air cylinder is connected with a telescopic air pipe, and the air pipe is connected into the collecting layers;
The positioning mechanism comprises a fixed frame, a direction-adjusting motor and a rotary cutter disc, wherein the fixed frame is fixed on a rear supporting seat, an inclined third cylinder is fixedly arranged on the side wall of the top of the fixed frame, the bottom end of the fixed frame is connected with a rotary rod in a shaft mode, a pneumatic rod of the third cylinder is connected with the rotary rod, the bottom of the rotary rod is fixedly provided with the direction-adjusting motor, an output shaft of the direction-adjusting motor is connected with a rotary disc, a third hydraulic cylinder is arranged on the rotary disc, a third hydraulic rod is connected with the side wall of the third hydraulic cylinder, one end of the third hydraulic rod is connected with a small-sized motor, and an output shaft of the small-sized motor is connected with the rotary cutter disc;
The bottom sampling assembly comprises a butt joint disc, hollow steel pipes and reamer, wherein the butt joint disc is fixedly connected with a drill bit of a drilling machine, the circumference of each hollow steel pipe is uniformly distributed on the outer wall of the butt joint disc, the reamer is arranged at the bottom of each hollow steel pipe, and one end of each hollow steel pipe is connected with a transmission pipe connected with a bottom soil sample collecting box.
Preferably, the second cylinder, the second hydraulic cylinder, the front shovel and the rear shovel are movably connected with the first hydraulic cylinder through the first hydraulic rod, the second hydraulic cylinder, the front shovel and the rear shovel are movably connected with the second cylinder through the second pneumatic rod, and the front shovel and the rear shovel are movably connected with each other through the second hydraulic rod.
Preferably, the sucking disc is movably connected with the rear supporting seat through a pneumatic rod of the first air cylinder, the suction port of the sucking disc faces the rear shovel, and the sucking disc and the rear shovel are located at the same horizontal height.
Preferably, the power supply is electrically connected with the first air cylinder, the first hydraulic cylinder, the second air cylinder, the second hydraulic cylinder, the first fan, the servo motor, the built-in air cylinder, the second fan, the drilling machine, the third air cylinder, the direction-adjusting motor, the third hydraulic cylinder and the small motor through a plurality of wires.
Preferably, the rotary cutter head is rotationally connected with the third hydraulic rod through a small motor, and the rotary cutter head is movably connected with the third hydraulic cylinder through a third hydraulic rod.
Preferably, the third hydraulic cylinder is connected with the rotary cutter head and the small motor in a rotating way through the rotary disc and the rotary rod, and the rotary rod is connected with the third hydraulic cylinder, the rotary cutter head and the small motor in a rotating way through the rotary disc and the fixed frame.
Preferably, the hollow steel pipe is in a fold line structure.
A method for collecting shallow soil samples by using a shallow soil sample collecting device for geological exploration is characterized by comprising the following specific steps:
step one: firstly, the whole device is hung on a vehicle for traction by using a traction rod, a tractor, a transport vehicle and the like, then, soil samples can be collected, when the soil samples on the soil surface are collected, one end of a transmission pipe connecting a surface soil sample collection box and a sucker is in butt joint with a pipe joint of the bottommost layer, then, a first cylinder, a first hydraulic cylinder, a second hydraulic cylinder, a servo motor of a first fan and a built-in cylinder in the surface soil sample collection box are started, the built-in cylinder drives the pneumatic rod of the first fan to extend and send the air pipe into the bottommost collection layer, then, the second cylinder drives the second pneumatic rod to stretch so as to drive the front shovel and the rear shovel to adjust the height of the sucker, the first cylinder drives the first pneumatic rod to adjust the height of the sucker, so that the front shovel, the rear shovel and the sucker are kept at the same horizontal height, and then, the second hydraulic rod is driven to stretch so as to drive the movable rod and the rear shovel to move, thereby, the first hydraulic cylinder is utilized to shrink to drive the front shovel and the first fan to shrink to drive the front shovel and the first hydraulic cylinder to drive the front shovel to suck the soil samples into the bottommost collection layer, and the suction force the front shovel and the suction pipe to suck the soil samples into the bottom layer;
Step two: after soil samples on the soil surface of one position are collected, an air pipe is moved into the upper collecting layer by using a built-in air cylinder, a transmission pipe is pulled out and is in butt joint with the upper pipe joint, then a servo motor is reversed to enable a first fan to blow air, so that the soil samples remained in the transmission pipe, the sucker and on a front shovel and a rear shovel are blown out, the position of the whole device is moved, and the first step is repeated, so that the soil samples of the next position are collected;
Step three: when the rest soil except the ground is required to be sampled, one end of a transmission pipe connected with the bottom soil sample collecting box and the bottom sampling assembly is in butt joint with a pipe joint at the bottommost part of the bottom soil sample collecting box, then a drilling machine, a second fan, an internal cylinder in the bottom soil sample collecting box, a servo motor of the second fan and a positioning mechanism are started, the servo motor of the second fan is reversed, the second fan blows air to a hollow steel pipe, the positioning mechanism is adjusted, a pneumatic rod of a third cylinder stretches to drive a rotating rod to rotate, the height of a rotary cutter disc is driven to rotate by a direction-adjusting motor to adjust the angle of the rotary cutter disc, and the third hydraulic rod is driven by the third hydraulic rod to drive the rotary cutter disc to rotate in cooperation with a small motor to cut the rotary cutter disc into the soil or vertically into the ground or into a pit wall of a deep pit, so that the position of the whole device is fixed;
Step four: the bottom sampling assembly is driven by the drilling machine to descend and rotate, the reamer is matched to cut down soil, the depth of shallow soil to be sampled is achieved, the servo motor of the second fan rotates positively, the soil is sucked into the bottom soil sample collecting box by the aid of air suction of the second fan, when soil sampling of the required depth is completed, the air pipe is moved into the upper collecting box by the aid of the built-in air cylinder, the conveying pipe is pulled out and is in butt joint with the upper pipe joint, the servo motor is adjusted to be in a reverse rotation mode, the second fan blows air, soil samples remained in the conveying pipe and the hollow steel pipe are blown out, and the third and fourth steps of sampling of the shallow soil of the next depth are repeated.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: the whole device has two use modes, namely, the soil on the surface layer can be directly sampled, shallow soil samples with different depths can be sampled, when the soil samples on the soil surface are sampled, the second hydraulic rod is driven by the second hydraulic cylinder to stretch and retract so as to drive the movable rod and the rear shovel to move, the rear shovel and the front shovel are utilized to grab the soil samples, the first hydraulic cylinder is contracted in the grabbing process so as to drive the front shovel and the rear shovel to be close to the sucker, the servo motor rotates positively, the first fan generates suction force, the soil samples grabbed by the front shovel and the rear shovel are sucked into the collecting layer at the bottommost layer inside the soil sample collecting box at the surface layer along the transmission pipe, when the soil samples on the soil surface at one position are sampled, the air pipe is moved into the collecting layer at the upper layer by the built-in cylinder, the transmission pipe is pulled out and is in butt joint with the upper pipe, and then the servo motor is reversed, so that the first fan blows out the soil samples remained in the transmission pipe, the sucker and the front shovel and the soil samples on the rear shovel are blown out, the soil samples at the next position can be accurately sampled, and the mutual influence on the soil sampling position can be avoided when the sampling device is ensured;
When the rest shallow soil except the ground is sampled in the second mode, one end of a transmission pipe connected with the bottom soil sample collecting box and the bottom sampling component is in butt joint with a pipe joint at the bottommost part of the bottom soil sample collecting box, then a drilling machine, a second fan, an embedded cylinder in the bottom soil sample collecting box, a servo motor of the second fan and a positioning mechanism are started, the servo motor of the second fan reverses, so that the second fan blows air to a hollow steel pipe, and the positioning mechanism is used for driving a rotating rod to rotate by utilizing the expansion and contraction of a pneumatic rod of the third cylinder in the process of starting the third cylinder, so that the height of a rotary cutter disc is driven to rotate by utilizing a direction-adjusting motor to adjust the angle of the rotary cutter disc, and the rotary cutter disc is driven to rotate by utilizing the third hydraulic rod to be matched with a small motor to cut the rotary cutter disc into the soil or vertically cut into the pit wall of a deep pit, so that the position of the whole device is fixed, the position of the whole device cannot deviate in the process of entering the shallow soil, and the accuracy of the sampling position is ensured;
Because the anticlockwise rotation mode of bottom sampling subassembly cooperates the blast air of second fan for hollow steel pipe can sweep the soil that other degree of depth dropped in the undercut in-process, and the inside soil that does not get into other degree of depth of undercut in-process of hollow steel pipe, the reamer possesses the effect of breaking obstacles such as rubble simultaneously, can more effectively guarantee the accuracy of sampling, after the depth that needs the sampling is reached to the bottom sampling subassembly, the servo motor corotation with the second fan, utilize the second fan to induced draft to inhale the soil in bottom soil sample collection box, when the soil sampling of the required degree of depth is accomplished, utilize built-in cylinder to move the tuber pipe inside the last layer collection layer, and pull out the transmission pipe and dock with last tube interface, later with servo motor mode, make the second fan blow out the soil sample that will remain in transmission pipe, inside hollow steel pipe, can directly carry out the shallow soil's of next degree of depth again, this kind of mode can effectively avoid the shallow soil of different degree of depth to the influence of sampling result accuracy.
Drawings
The present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings for the convenience of understanding by those skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a side view of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the bottom structure of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a partial structure of a rear support base according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a positioning mechanism according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the underlying sampling assembly of the present invention;
in the figure: 1. a rear support base; 2. a surface soil sample collection box; 3. a bottom soil sample collecting box; 4. a portal frame; 5. a power supply; 6. a first cylinder; 7. a suction cup; 8. a first hydraulic cylinder; 9. a first hydraulic lever; 10. a second cylinder; 11. a second pneumatic lever; 12. a second hydraulic cylinder; 13. a second hydraulic lever; 14. a movable rod; 15. a front shovel; 16. a rear shovel; 17. a traction rod; 18. a tube interface; 19. a first fan; 20. a servo motor; 21. a collection layer; 22. a built-in cylinder; 23. a transmission tube; 24. an air duct; 25. a second fan; 26. a drilling machine; 27. a positioning mechanism; 28. a bottom layer sampling assembly; 29. a fixing frame; 30. a third cylinder; 31. a rotating rod; 32. a direction-adjusting motor; 33. a turntable; 34. a third hydraulic cylinder; 35. a third hydraulic lever; 36. a small motor; 37. a rotary cutter head; 38. a butt joint disc; 39. hollow steel pipes; 40. reamer.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in connection with the embodiments, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Referring to fig. 1-6, a shallow soil sample collection device for geological exploration comprises a rear supporting seat 1 and a portal frame 4, wherein a surface soil sample collection box 2 is fixedly arranged at the top of the rear supporting seat 1, a first fan 19 is fixedly arranged at the top of the surface soil sample collection box 2, a bottom soil sample collection box 3 fixed on the rear supporting seat 1 is arranged at one side of the surface soil sample collection box 2, a second fan 25 is fixedly arranged at the top of the bottom soil sample collection box 3, the first fan 19 and the second fan 25 are respectively connected with a servo motor 20, a drilling machine 26 is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the bottom soil sample collection box 3, a drill bit of the drilling machine 26 is vertically downward and connected with a bottom sampling assembly 28, the portal frame 4 is fixedly welded at the middle part of the side wall of the rear supporting seat 1, a power supply 5 is fixedly arranged in the portal frame 4, a traction rod 17 with a T-shaped structure is fixedly welded at the middle part of the side wall of the portal frame 4, one side of the portal frame 4 is provided with a first air cylinder 6 fixed on the side wall of the rear supporting seat 1, the air bar at the bottom of the first air cylinder 6 is connected with a sucker 7, one side of the first air cylinder 6 is provided with a first air cylinder 8 fixed on the rear supporting seat 1, the side wall of the first air cylinder 8 is connected with a first hydraulic bar 9, one end of the first hydraulic bar 9 is connected with a second air cylinder 10, the bottom of the second air cylinder 10 is connected with a second air bar 11, the bottom of the second air bar 11 is connected with a second air cylinder 12, the bottom of the second air cylinder 12 is fixed with a front shovel 15, the side wall of the second air cylinder 12 is connected with a second transverse hydraulic bar 13, one end of the second hydraulic bar 13 is connected with a movable bar 14, the bottom of the movable bar 14 is connected with a rear shovel 16 which is positioned at the same height as the front shovel 15 and is matched with the front shovel, a positioning mechanism 27 is fixedly arranged on the side wall of the rear supporting seat 1 far away from the portal frame 4;
The surface soil sample collecting box 2 and the bottom soil sample collecting box 3 are internally provided with a plurality of uniformly distributed collecting layers 21, the outer walls of the surface soil sample collecting box 2 and the bottom soil sample collecting box 3 far away from each other are respectively provided with a plurality of pipe joints 18 corresponding to the positions of the collecting layers 21, the surface soil sample collecting box 2 is connected with the suction cup 7 through a detachable transmission pipe 23, the bottoms of the first fan 19 and the second fan 25 are respectively provided with an internal air cylinder 22, the pneumatic rods of the internal air cylinders 22 are connected with a telescopic air pipe 24, and the air pipes 24 are connected into the collecting layers 21;
The positioning mechanism 27 comprises a fixing frame 29, a direction-adjusting motor 32 and a rotary cutter disc 37, wherein the fixing frame 29 is fixed on the rear supporting seat 1, an inclined third cylinder 30 is fixedly arranged on the side wall of the top of the fixing frame 29, the bottom end of the fixing frame 29 is connected with a rotary rod 31 in a shaft manner, a pneumatic rod of the third cylinder 30 is connected with the rotary rod 31, the bottom of the rotary rod 31 is fixedly provided with the direction-adjusting motor 32, an output shaft of the direction-adjusting motor 32 is connected with a rotary disc 33, a third hydraulic cylinder 34 is arranged on the rotary disc 33, a third hydraulic rod 35 is connected on the side wall of the third hydraulic cylinder 34, one end of the third hydraulic rod 35 is connected with a small motor 36, and an output shaft of the small motor 36 is connected with the rotary cutter disc 37;
The bottom sampling assembly 28 comprises a butt joint disc 38, hollow steel pipes 39 and reamer 40, the butt joint disc 38 is fixedly connected with a drill bit of the drilling machine 26, the circumferences of the hollow steel pipes 39 are uniformly distributed on the outer wall of the butt joint disc 38, the reamer 40 is arranged at the bottom of each hollow steel pipe 39, and one end of each hollow steel pipe 39 is connected with a transmission pipe 23 connected with the bottom soil sample collecting box 3 in a pipeline mode.
The second cylinder 10, the second hydraulic cylinder 12, the front shovel 15 and the rear shovel 16 are movably connected with the first hydraulic cylinder 8 through the first hydraulic rod 9, the second hydraulic cylinder 12, the front shovel 15 and the rear shovel 16 are movably connected with the second cylinder 10 through the second pneumatic rod 11, and the front shovel 15 and the rear shovel 16 are movably connected with each other through the second hydraulic rod 13.
The suction cup 7 is movably connected with the rear supporting seat 1 through a pneumatic rod of the first air cylinder 6, a suction port of the suction cup 7 faces the rear shovel 16, and the suction cup 7 and the rear shovel 16 are positioned at the same horizontal height.
The power supply 5 is electrically connected with the first air cylinder 6, the first hydraulic cylinder 8, the second air cylinder 10, the second hydraulic cylinder 12, the first fan 19, the servo motor 20, the built-in air cylinder 22, the second fan 25, the drilling machine 26, the third air cylinder 30, the direction-adjusting motor 32, the third hydraulic cylinder 34 and the small-sized motor 36 through a plurality of wires.
The rotary cutter disc 37 is rotatably connected with the third hydraulic rod 35 through the small motor 36, and the rotary cutter disc 37 is movably connected with the third hydraulic cylinder 34 through the third hydraulic rod 35.
The third hydraulic cylinder 34 is connected with the rotary cutter head 37 and the small motor 36 through the rotary disc 33 and the rotary rod 31 in a rotary mode, and the rotary rod 31 is connected with the third hydraulic cylinder 34, the rotary cutter head 37 and the small motor 36 through the rotary disc 33 and the fixed frame 29 in a rotary mode.
The hollow steel pipe 39 has a fold line structure.
A method for collecting shallow soil samples by using a shallow soil sample collecting device for geological exploration comprises the following specific steps:
Step one: firstly, the whole device is hung on a traction vehicle such as a tractor and a transport vehicle by using a traction rod 17, then soil samples can be collected, when the soil samples on the soil surface are collected, one end of a transmission pipe 23 connected with a surface soil sample collecting box 2 and a sucker 7 is in butt joint with a pipe joint 18 at the bottommost layer, then, a first hydraulic cylinder 6, a first hydraulic cylinder 8, a second hydraulic cylinder 10, a second hydraulic cylinder 12, a servo motor 20 of a first fan 19 and a built-in cylinder 22 in the surface soil sample collecting box 2 are started, the built-in cylinder 22 drives the pneumatic rod to extend an air pipe 24 and send the air pipe into a collecting layer 21 at the bottommost layer, then the second pneumatic rod 11 is driven to stretch and retract to drive a front shovel 15 and a rear shovel 16, the height of the sucker 7 is regulated by using the first pneumatic rod 6, the front shovel 15, the rear shovel 16 and the sucker 7 are kept at the same horizontal height, and then, the second hydraulic rod 13 is driven to stretch and drive the movable rod 14 and the rear shovel 16 to move, so that the suction pipe 15 is driven by the second hydraulic cylinder 12 to draw in the collecting layer 21, the front shovel 16 is sucked into the collecting layer 21 by the first hydraulic rod and the suction pipe 15 and the suction pipe 20 at the bottom layer 16;
Step two: after soil surface soil samples at one position are collected, an air pipe 24 is moved into the upper collecting layer 21 by using a built-in air cylinder 22, a transmission pipe 23 is pulled out and is in butt joint with the upper pipe joint 18, then a servo motor 20 is reversed, so that a first fan 19 blows air, the soil samples remained in the transmission pipe 23, the inside of a sucker 7 and on a front shovel 15 and a rear shovel 16 are blown out, the position of the whole device is moved, and the first step is repeated, so that soil samples at the next position are collected;
Step three: when the rest soil except the ground is required to be sampled, one end of a transmission pipe 23 connected with the bottom soil sample collecting box 3 and the bottom sampling assembly 28 is in butt joint with a pipe joint 18 at the bottommost part of the bottom soil sample collecting box 3, then a drilling machine 26, a second fan 25, a built-in cylinder 22 in the bottom soil sample collecting box 3, a servo motor 20 of the second fan 25 and a positioning mechanism 27 are started, the servo motor 20 of the second fan 25 is reversed, the second fan 25 blows air to a hollow steel pipe 39, the positioning mechanism 27 is adjusted, a pneumatic rod of a third cylinder stretches to drive a rotating rod 31 to rotate to drive a rotary disc 37 to be high, a turning disc 33 is driven to rotate by a direction adjusting motor 32 to adjust the angle of the rotary disc 37, and a third hydraulic rod 34 is used for driving the rotary disc 37 to rotate in cooperation with a small motor 36 to cut the rotary disc 37 into the soil or vertically into the pit wall of a deep pit, so that the position of the whole device is fixed;
Step four: the bottom sampling assembly 28 is driven to descend and rotate by the drilling machine 26 and is matched with the reamer 40 to cut down soil, so that the depth of shallow soil to be sampled is achieved, the servo motor 20 of the second fan 25 rotates positively, the second fan 25 is used for sucking air to suck the soil into the bottom soil sample collecting box 3, when the soil sampling of the required depth is completed, the air pipe 24 is moved into the upper collecting layer 21 by the aid of the built-in air cylinder 22, the transmission pipe 23 is pulled out and is in butt joint with the upper pipe joint 18, then the servo motor 20 is adjusted to be in a reverse rotation mode, the second fan 25 blows air, the soil sample remained in the transmission pipe 23 and the hollow steel pipe 39 is blown out, and the third and fourth steps are repeated to directly sample the shallow soil of the next depth.
When the invention is used, the whole device is firstly connected with a traction vehicle such as a tractor, a transport vehicle and the like by means of a traction rod 17, then soil samples can be collected, the whole device has two use modes, when only soil samples on the soil surface need to be collected, firstly one end of a transmission pipe 23 connected with a surface soil sample collecting box 2 and a sucker 7 is in butt joint with a pipe joint 18 at the bottommost layer, then a first air cylinder 6, a first hydraulic cylinder 8, a second air cylinder 10, a second hydraulic cylinder 12, a servo motor 20 of a first fan 19 and an internal air cylinder 22 in the surface soil sample collecting box 2 are started, firstly the internal air cylinder 22 drives the air rod thereof to extend an air pipe 24 and send the air pipe into the bottommost collecting layer 21, then the second air cylinder 10 drives the second air rod 11 to stretch so as to drive a front shovel 15 and a rear shovel 16 to adjust the height, the first air cylinder 6 drives the air rod thereof to adjust the height of the sucker 7, the front shovel 15, the rear shovel 16 and the sucker 7 are kept at the same level, then the second hydraulic cylinder 12 drives the second hydraulic rod 13 to stretch to drive the movable rod 14 and the rear shovel 16 to move, so that the rear shovel 16 and the front shovel 15 are used for grabbing the soil sample, the first hydraulic cylinder 8 is used for shrinking to drive the front shovel 15 and the rear shovel 16 to approach the sucker 7 in the grabbing process, the servo motor 20 rotates positively, the first fan 19 generates suction force, so that the soil sample grabbed by the front shovel 15 and the rear shovel 16 is sucked into the bottom collecting layer 21 inside the surface soil sample collecting box 2 along the transmission pipe 23, when the soil sample collection of one position is completed, the air pipe 24 is moved into the upper collecting layer 21 by the built-in cylinder 22, the transmission pipe 23 is pulled out and butted with the upper pipe joint 18, the servo motor 20 is reversed, the first fan 19 is used for blowing air, so that soil samples remained in the transmission pipe 23 and the sucker 7 and on the front shovel 15 and the rear shovel 16 are blown out, the position of the whole device is moved, the steps are repeated, soil samples at the next position can be collected, the mutual influence between the residual soil samples can be avoided when the device samples at different positions in this way, and the accuracy of sampling is effectively ensured.
When the rest soil except the ground is required to be sampled, one end of a transmission pipe 23 connected with the bottom soil sample collecting box 3 and the bottom sampling assembly 28 is in butt joint with a pipe joint 18 at the bottommost part of the bottom soil sample collecting box 3, then a drilling machine 26, a second fan 25, a built-in cylinder 22 in the bottom soil sample collecting box 3, a servo motor 20 of the second fan 25 and a positioning mechanism 27 are started, the servo motor 20 of the second fan 25 is reversed, so that the second fan 25 blows air to a hollow steel pipe 39, the positioning mechanism 27 is used for driving a rotating rod 31 to rotate by using a pneumatic rod of a third cylinder to drive a rotary table 33 to adjust the height of the rotary table 37 by using a steering motor 32 to drive the rotary table 33 to rotate, the rotary table 37 is driven to rotate by using the third hydraulic rod 35 to drive the rotary table 37 to cut the rotary table 37 into the soil by using the third hydraulic cylinder 34 in cooperation with the rotation of a small motor 36, or cut into the ground or cut into the pit wall of the pit vertically, thus fix the position of the whole device, make the position of the whole device will not deviate in the course that the bottom sampling assembly 28 enters the shallow soil, guarantee the accurate sampled, utilize the drilling machine 26 to drive the bottom sampling assembly 28 to descend and rotate (the rotation direction is anticlockwise from the angle of figure 6), cooperate with the undercut of reamer 40 to the soil, thus reach the depth that the shallow soil needs to sample, because the anticlockwise rotation mode of the bottom sampling assembly 28 cooperates with the blast of the second blower 25, make the hollow steel pipe 39 can sweep the soil that the rest depth drops in the undercut process, and the hollow steel pipe 39 does not enter the soil of rest depth in the undercut process, the reamer 40 has the function of breaking obstacles such as broken stone, the accuracy of sampling can be more effectively ensured, after the bottom sampling assembly 28 reaches the depth required to be sampled, the servo motor 20 of the second fan 25 rotates positively, the second fan 25 is used for sucking the soil into the bottom soil sample collecting box 3, when the soil sampling of the required depth is completed, the built-in air cylinder 22 is used for moving the air pipe 24 into the upper collecting layer 21, the transmission pipe 23 is pulled out and is in butt joint with the upper pipe joint 18, and then the servo motor 20 is adjusted to be in a reverse rotation mode, so that the second fan 25 blows air, the soil sample remained in the transmission pipe 23 and the hollow steel pipe 39 is blown out, and the soil sample of the shallow soil of the next depth can be directly sampled.
The preferred embodiments of the invention disclosed above are intended only to assist in the explanation of the invention. The preferred embodiments are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise form disclosed. Obviously, many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The embodiments were chosen and described in order to best explain the principles of the invention and the practical application, to thereby enable others skilled in the art to best understand and utilize the invention. The invention is limited only by the claims and the full scope and equivalents thereof.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides a shallow soil sample collection device for geological exploration, includes back supporting seat (1) and portal frame (4), its characterized in that, back supporting seat (1) top fixed mounting has top layer soil sample collecting box (2), top layer soil sample collecting box (2) top fixed mounting has first fan (19), top layer soil sample collecting box (2) one side is provided with bottom soil sample collecting box (3) of fixing on back supporting seat (1), bottom soil sample collecting box (3) top fixed mounting has second fan (25), a servo motor (20) are connected respectively to first fan (19), second fan (25), bottom soil sample collecting box (3) bottom fixed mounting has a drilling machine (26), the drill bit of drilling machine (26) is vertical down and is connected with bottom sampling assembly (28), back supporting seat (1) lateral wall middle part welded fastening has portal frame (4), portal frame (4) inside fixed mounting has power (5), just bottom layer soil sample collecting box (3) top fixed mounting has second fan (25), first fan (19) are connected with a servo motor (20) in the fixed on one side of a cylinder (6) of a fixed type of a portal frame (6) of a fixed cylinder (6) on the bottom of a portal frame (6), the automatic lifting device is characterized in that one side of the first air cylinder (6) is provided with a first air cylinder (8) fixed on the rear supporting seat (1), the side wall of the first air cylinder (8) is connected with a first hydraulic rod (9), one end of the first hydraulic rod (9) is connected with a second air cylinder (10), the bottom of the second air cylinder (10) is connected with a second pneumatic rod (11), the bottom of the second pneumatic rod (11) is connected with a second air cylinder (12), the bottom of the second air cylinder (12) is fixed with a front shovel (15), the side wall of the second air cylinder (12) is connected with a transverse second hydraulic rod (13), one end of the second hydraulic rod (13) is connected with a movable rod (14), the bottom of the movable rod (14) is connected with a rear shovel (16) which is located at the same height as the front shovel (15) and is matched with the front shovel, and a positioning mechanism (27) is fixedly arranged on the side wall of the rear supporting seat (1) far away from the portal frame (4);
The surface soil sample collecting box (2) and the bottom soil sample collecting box (3) are internally provided with a plurality of uniformly distributed collecting layers (21), the outer walls of the surface soil sample collecting box (2) and the bottom soil sample collecting box (3) far away from each other are provided with a plurality of pipe joints (18) corresponding to the positions of the collecting layers (21), the surface soil sample collecting box (2) is connected with the sucking disc (7) through a detachable transmission pipe (23), the bottoms of the first fan (19) and the second fan (25) are respectively provided with a built-in air cylinder (22), and the pneumatic rods of the built-in air cylinders (22) are connected with a telescopic air pipe (24), and the air pipes (24) are connected into the collecting layers (21);
The positioning mechanism (27) comprises a fixing frame (29), a direction-adjusting motor (32) and a rotary cutter disc (37), wherein the fixing frame (29) is fixed on a rear supporting seat (1), an inclined third air cylinder (30) is fixedly arranged on the side wall of the top of the fixing frame (29), the bottom end of the fixing frame (29) is connected with a rotating rod (31) in a shaft mode, a pneumatic rod of the third air cylinder (30) is connected with the rotating rod (31), the bottom of the rotating rod (31) is fixedly provided with the direction-adjusting motor (32), an output shaft of the direction-adjusting motor (32) is connected with a rotary disc (33), a third hydraulic cylinder (34) is arranged on the rotary disc (33), a third hydraulic rod (35) is connected to the side wall of the third hydraulic cylinder (34), one end of the third hydraulic rod (35) is connected with a small motor (36), and an output shaft of the small motor (36) is connected with the rotary cutter disc (37).
The bottom sampling assembly (28) comprises a butt joint disc (38), hollow steel pipes (39) and reamers (40), the butt joint disc (38) is fixedly connected with a drill bit of the drilling machine (26), the circumferences of the hollow steel pipes (39) are uniformly distributed on the outer wall of the butt joint disc (38), the bottom of each hollow steel pipe (39) is provided with each reamer (40), and one end of each hollow steel pipe (39) is connected with a transmission pipe (23) connected with the bottom soil sample collecting box (3) in a pipeline manner;
The second air cylinder (10), the second hydraulic cylinder (12), the front shovel (15) and the rear shovel (16) are movably connected with the first hydraulic cylinder (8) through a first hydraulic rod (9), the second hydraulic cylinder (12), the front shovel (15) and the rear shovel (16) are movably connected with the second air cylinder (10) through a second pneumatic rod (11), and the front shovel (15) and the rear shovel (16) are movably connected with each other through a second hydraulic rod (13);
the suction cup (7) is movably connected with the rear supporting seat (1) through a pneumatic rod of the first air cylinder (6), a suction opening of the suction cup (7) faces the rear shovel (16), and the suction cup (7) and the rear shovel (16) are located at the same horizontal height.
2. The shallow soil sample collection device for geological exploration according to claim 1, wherein the power supply (5) is electrically connected with the first air cylinder (6), the first hydraulic cylinder (8), the second air cylinder (10), the second hydraulic cylinder (12), the first fan (19), the servo motor (20), the built-in air cylinder (22), the second fan (25), the drilling machine (26), the third air cylinder (30), the direction-adjusting motor (32), the third hydraulic cylinder (34) and the small motor (36) through a plurality of wires.
3. Shallow soil sample collection device for geological exploration according to claim 1, characterized in that the rotary cutter head (37) is rotatably connected with the third hydraulic rod (35) through a small motor (36), and the rotary cutter head (37) is movably connected with the third hydraulic cylinder (34) through the third hydraulic rod (35).
4. The shallow soil sample collection device for geological exploration according to claim 1, wherein the third hydraulic cylinder (34) is connected with the rotary cutter head (37) and the small motor (36) in a rotating way through a rotary table (33) and the rotary rod (31), and the rotary rod (31) is connected with the third hydraulic cylinder (34), the rotary cutter head (37) and the small motor (36) in a rotating way through a rotary table (33) and the fixed frame (29).
5. A shallow soil sample collection device for geological exploration according to claim 1, wherein said hollow steel tube (39) is of a zigzag structure.
6. A method for collecting shallow soil samples by using the shallow soil sample collecting device for geological exploration according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following specific steps:
Step one: firstly, the whole device is hung on a tractor and a transport vehicle by using a traction rod (17), then, soil samples can be collected, when the soil samples on the soil surface are collected, one end of a transmission pipe (23) connected with a surface soil sample collecting box (2) and a sucker (7) is in butt joint with a pipe joint (18) at the bottommost layer, then, a first air cylinder (6), a first hydraulic cylinder (8), a second air cylinder (10), a second hydraulic cylinder (12), a servo motor (20) of a first fan (19) and an internal air cylinder (22) in the surface soil sample collecting box (2) are started, firstly, the internal air cylinder (22) is used for driving a pneumatic rod of the air pipe (24) to extend and send the air pipe into a collecting layer (21) at the bottommost layer, then, the second air cylinder (10) is used for driving a second pneumatic rod (11) to stretch so as to drive a front shovel (15) and a rear shovel (16) to adjust the height, the first air cylinder (6) is used for driving the pneumatic rod of the sucker (7) to adjust the height of the front shovel (15), the rear shovel (16) and the sucker (7) to keep the height of the front shovel (16) and the sucker (16) to be positioned at the same level, then, the second air cylinder (16) is used for driving the second pneumatic rod (16) to stretch and the front shovel (16) to stretch so as to drive the front shovel (16) to stretch, in the grabbing process, the first hydraulic cylinder (8) is used for shrinking to drive the front shovel (15) and the rear shovel (16) to be close to the sucker (7), the servo motor (20) rotates positively, the first fan (19) generates suction force, and the soil samples grabbed by the front shovel (15) and the rear shovel (16) are sucked into the bottom-most collecting layer (21) in the surface soil sample collecting box (2) along the conveying pipe (23);
step two: after soil sample collection on the soil surface of one position is completed, an air pipe (24) is moved into the upper collecting layer (21) by utilizing an internal air cylinder (22), a transmission pipe (23) is pulled out and is in butt joint with the upper pipe joint (18), then a servo motor (20) is reversed, so that a first fan (19) blows air, the soil sample remained in the transmission pipe (23), the suction disc (7) and on a front shovel (15) and a rear shovel (16) is blown out, the position of the whole device is moved, and the first step is repeated, so that soil sample collection on the next position is carried out;
Step three: when the rest of the soil except the ground is required to be sampled, one end of a transmission pipe (23) connected with the bottom soil sample collecting box (3) and the bottom sampling assembly (28) is butted with a pipe joint (18) at the bottommost part of the bottom soil sample collecting box (3), then a drilling machine (26), a second fan (25), a built-in cylinder (22) in the bottom soil sample collecting box (3), a servo motor (20) of the second fan (25) and a positioning mechanism (27) are started, the servo motor (20) of the second fan (25) is reversed, the second fan (25) blows air to a hollow steel pipe (39), the positioning mechanism (27) is adjusted, a pneumatic rod of a third cylinder (30) is used for driving a rotary rod (31) to rotate, a rotary cutter disc (37) is driven to rotate by a regulating motor (32), and a third hydraulic rod (35) is used for driving the rotary cutter disc (37) to rotate by a small motor (36), so that the rotary cutter disc (37) is driven to rotate, and the soil (37) is cut into the ground or the whole pit is fixed;
Step four: the bottom sampling assembly (28) is driven to descend and rotate by using the drilling machine (26), the bottom sampling assembly is matched with the reamer (40) to cut down soil, so that the depth of shallow soil to be sampled is achieved, the servo motor (20) of the second fan (25) is rotated forwards, the soil is sucked into the bottom soil sample collecting box (3) by utilizing the suction of the second fan (25), when the soil sampling of the required depth is completed, the air pipe (24) is moved into the upper collecting layer (21) by using the built-in air cylinder (22), the conveying pipe (23) is pulled out and butted with the upper pipe joint (18), then the servo motor (20) is adjusted to be in a reverse mode, the second fan (25) blows air, the soil sample remained in the conveying pipe (23) and the hollow steel pipe (39) is blown out, and the third and fourth steps are repeated to directly sample the shallow soil of the next depth.
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