CN114718455B - Geotechnical engineering reconnaissance is with intelligent drilling device that has sample collection function - Google Patents
Geotechnical engineering reconnaissance is with intelligent drilling device that has sample collection function Download PDFInfo
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- CN114718455B CN114718455B CN202210360723.7A CN202210360723A CN114718455B CN 114718455 B CN114718455 B CN 114718455B CN 202210360723 A CN202210360723 A CN 202210360723A CN 114718455 B CN114718455 B CN 114718455B
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- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 96
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 75
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims description 62
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 49
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 abstract description 42
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000036961 partial effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012876 topography Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000029058 respiratory gaseous exchange Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005527 soil sampling Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
- E21B7/04—Directional drilling
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B12/00—Accessories for drilling tools
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B49/00—Testing the nature of borehole walls; Formation testing; Methods or apparatus for obtaining samples of soil or well fluids, specially adapted to earth drilling or wells
- E21B49/02—Testing the nature of borehole walls; Formation testing; Methods or apparatus for obtaining samples of soil or well fluids, specially adapted to earth drilling or wells by mechanically taking samples of the soil
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A90/00—Technologies having an indirect contribution to adaptation to climate change
- Y02A90/30—Assessment of water resources
Abstract
The invention relates to the field of geological exploration, in particular to an intelligent drilling device with a sample collection function for geotechnical engineering exploration. In order to solve the technical problems that the drilling and sampling work cannot be synchronously carried out, if collapse occurs on the side wall of the drilled hole, the layering effect of the taken sample is poor, and representativeness of different depths of the sample is damaged. The invention provides a drilling device with a sample collection function for geotechnical engineering investigation, which comprises an earth boring unit, a sample collection unit and the like; the inner side of the earth boring unit is connected with a sample collecting unit. The inside at the drilling rod is equipped with tiny collecting pipe of collecting the sample, and vacuum generator produces the low pressure in the inside of collecting pipe, makes the even quilt of ground powder inspire inside the collecting pipe, and the speed and the time that the drill bit was bored are controlled by infrared range finding probe during this, guarantee that different degree of depth ground sample distribution states of collecting in the collecting pipe are close with real different degree of depth ground sample degree of depth distribution states.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of geological exploration, in particular to an intelligent drilling device with a sample collection function for geotechnical engineering exploration.
Background
Geotechnical engineering investigation refers to finding out, analyzing and evaluating geology, environmental characteristics and geotechnical engineering conditions of a target construction site according to requirements of construction engineering, wherein the geotechnical engineering investigation work needs to conduct distributed investigation work on a plurality of sampling sites of the same field to obtain an underground geotechnical distribution state diagram of the target construction site, and natural conditions such as underground topography, topography and hydrology of a construction area are analyzed to help later construction planning.
When the rock-soil investigation work is carried out on the target construction site, the hole drilling and sampling work are needed to be carried out on the sampling site of the target construction site successively, and as the drill rod is interfered by the drill rod rotating at high speed in the process of drilling the deep part of the stratum, the hole drilling and sampling work cannot be carried out synchronously, and when the hole drilling work is carried out after the hole drilling work is completed, if collapse phenomenon occurs on the side wall of the drilled hole, the rock-soil with different depths is mixed, the layering effect of the taken sample is poor, the representativeness of the different depths is destroyed, the working progress of the rock-soil investigation work is slow finally, and the rock-soil depth distribution result data obtained by the rock-soil investigation work and the rock-soil depth distribution real data have larger deviation.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defect that the drilling and sampling work cannot be synchronously carried out, if collapse occurs on the side wall of the drilled hole, the layering effect of the taken sample is poor, representativeness of different depths of the sample is destroyed, the working process of the geotechnical investigation work is slow, and the result data and the real data have larger deviation, the invention provides a drilling device with a sample collecting function for geotechnical engineering investigation.
The technical implementation scheme of the invention is as follows: the utility model provides an intelligent drilling device with sample collection function for geotechnical engineering reconnaissance, including boring the ground unit, sample collection unit, grinding unit, the main support, lifting unit, driving motor, vacuum generator and bottom support, the upside of main support is connected with lifting unit, lifting unit's middle part rigid coupling has driving motor, the front side rigid coupling of main support has the vacuum generator, the downside rigid coupling of main support has the bottom support, lifting unit's downside is connected with the unit that bores into the ground depths, driving motor's output shaft bores the ground unit, the inboard of boring the ground unit is connected with the sample collection unit who bores the ground in-process synchronous collection sample, the vacuum generator passes through the breathing pipe and connects sample collection unit, the downside of boring the ground unit is connected with the grinding unit of smashing and collecting the sample, sample collection unit connects the grinding unit.
More preferably, the earth boring unit comprises a first straight gear, a first fixing frame, a bushing, a first rod sleeve, a second straight gear, a drill rod, a connecting block, a drill bit and a second rod sleeve, wherein the first straight gear is fixedly connected with an output shaft of a driving motor, the first fixing frame is fixedly connected with the left part of the lower side of the lifting part and the right part of the lower side of the lifting part respectively, the bushing is fixedly connected between the two first fixing frames, the first rod sleeve is rotationally connected with the inner side of the bushing, the second straight gear is fixedly connected with the upper side of the first rod sleeve, the first straight gear is meshed with the second straight gear, the drill rod is fixedly connected with the inner side of the first rod sleeve, the connecting block is fixedly connected with the lower end of the drill rod, the drill bit is fixedly connected with the lower end of the connecting block through threads, the second rod sleeve is rotationally connected with the inner side of the bottom bracket, the second rod sleeve is slidingly connected with the lower side of the drill rod, the first fixing frame, the drill rod and the connecting block are all connected with the sample collecting unit, and the connecting block are connected with the grinding unit.
More preferably, the outer surface of the drill rod is provided with a plurality of reinforcing rib structures.
More preferably, the sample collection unit comprises a second fixing frame, a sleeve pipe, collecting pipes, gas transmission pipes, a gas exhaust cover, a gas filtering plate and an infrared ranging probe, wherein the front sides of the two first fixing frames are fixedly connected with one second fixing frame respectively, the sleeve pipe is fixedly connected between the two second fixing frames, the upper side of the sleeve pipe is rotationally connected with a drill rod, the lower side of the sleeve pipe is in sliding connection with the connecting block through a sliding block structure, the inner side of the sleeve pipe is respectively inserted with the two collecting pipes through a first sliding block, the sleeve pipe and the collecting pipes are both connected with the grinding unit, the two collecting pipes are contacted with each other, the lower end of the gas exhaust pipe is communicated with the gas transmission pipe, the lower end of the gas transmission pipe is communicated with the gas exhaust cover, the lower side of the gas filtering plate is fixedly connected with the two collecting pipes through two second sliding blocks respectively, and the lower sides of the two second sliding blocks of the gas filtering plate are respectively connected with the infrared ranging probe.
More preferably, the grinding unit comprises a sample feeding pipe, an annular sleeve, a push plate, a third fixing frame and a grinding component, wherein a plurality of sample feeding pipes are communicated with the inside of the surrounding connection block, the annular sleeve is fixedly connected with the inner side of the connection block, the lower end of the sleeve is in sliding connection with the annular sleeve through a sliding block structure, a plurality of push plates are fixedly connected with the inner side of the surrounding annular sleeve, the third fixing frame is inserted between the lower ends of the two collection pipes, the grinding component is connected with the lower side of the third fixing frame, and the grinding component is connected with the connection block.
More preferably, each sample feeding tube is in a spiral-rising arc structure from the outer side of the connecting block to the inner side of the connecting block.
More preferably, the grinding assembly comprises a round table, an annular sliding block and lower grinding plates, the round table is fixedly connected to the lower side of the third fixing frame, the annular sliding block is fixedly connected to the lower side of the round table, the annular sliding block is connected with the connecting block in a sliding mode, a plurality of lower grinding plates are fixedly connected to the upper surface of the round table in a surrounding mode, and each pushing plate is tightly attached to one lower grinding plate.
More preferably, the inner surface of the annular sleeve and the outer surface of the circular truncated cone are both tapered structures with narrowed upper sides and widened lower sides.
More preferably, each push plate is in an upwardly inclined configuration from the outside of the annular sleeve to the inside of the annular sleeve.
More preferably, the device further comprises an auxiliary sampling unit, the connection block is provided with the auxiliary sampling unit, the auxiliary sampling unit comprises a spring telescopic rod, an arc-shaped mounting plate and an external grinding plate, a plurality of spring telescopic rods are fixedly connected around the outer surface of the connection block, an arc-shaped mounting plate is fixedly connected between the outer ends of two adjacent spring telescopic rods, and a plurality of external grinding plates are fixedly connected on the outer surface of each arc-shaped mounting plate.
The invention also provides a drilling method with a sample collecting function for geotechnical engineering investigation, which adopts the drilling device, and comprises the following steps:
the output shaft of the driving motor drives the first straight gear to rotate, the first straight gear is meshed with the second straight gear to drive the first rod sleeve and the drill rod to rotate at a high speed, meanwhile, the lifting part drives the first fixing frame to move downwards slowly, so that the drill rod drives the drill bit to rotate at a high speed and simultaneously move downwards, the first fixing frame drives the drill rod and the drill bit to slowly drill down against the ground surface, the stratum is longitudinally drilled, the drill rod slides downwards along the second rod sleeve, the drill rod is guided by the second rod sleeve, and the phenomenon that the drill rod is severely rocked during the drilling process, so that the side wall of a drilled cave is collapsed in a large area is avoided;
the two collecting pipes are spliced to form a complete collecting sleeve, and the vacuum generator pumps air in the collecting sleeve through the air suction pipe, the air delivery pipe and the air suction cover during the drill pipe tripping process, so that the inside of the collecting sleeve is kept in a low-pressure state, and meanwhile, the infrared ranging probe is kept in an open state;
during the period that the drill rod continuously goes deep into the stratum along with the drill bit, the drill bit continuously drills the rock and soil to obtain rock and soil powder, meanwhile, the drill rod drives the connecting block to rotate, the connecting block drives the sampling pipe to rotate at a high speed, meanwhile, the sampling pipe drives the small-size rock and soil powder floating on the periphery of the drill rod to capture the rock and soil powder entering the sampling pipe, the rock and soil powder enters the space between the air filter plate and the round table to gradually expand along the static air filter plate when the sampling pipe rotates, and the rock and soil powder continuously enters the space between the air filter plate and the round table when the sampling pipe is sucked in a low-pressure state, the annular sleeve drives the annular sleeve to apply an obliquely upward thrust to the rock and soil powder located between the annular sleeve and the round table through the push plate, the rock and soil powder between the annular sleeve and the round table moves upwards along the push plate when the collecting sleeve in a low-pressure state is sucked, the drill pipe drives the sleeve and the collecting sleeve to slide downwards along with the continuous deep stratum, the space between the air filter plate and the round table gradually expands, and the rock and soil powder continuously fills the space between the air filter plate and the round table when the suction of the air filter plate in the collecting sleeve is in a negative pressure state, and the rock and soil sampling work is completed, and the sampling work is completed;
after the rock-soil powder enters between the annular sleeve and the round table, the annular sleeve drives the push plate to rotate at a high speed, the push plate is matched with the lower grinding plate to grind the rock-soil powder, and then the rock-soil powder is continuously filled between the air filtering plate and the round table under the suction of negative pressure in the collecting sleeve, so that the rock-soil powder is ground into rock-soil samples with uniform size, and the filling uniformity of the rock-soil samples in the collecting sleeve is improved;
during the process that the collecting sleeve absorbs rock and soil powder, the infrared ranging probe keeps detecting the height of the rock and soil powder absorbed into the collecting sleeve, as the drill rod continuously stretches downwards into a stratum, the space between the air filtering plate and the round table continuously expands, when the infrared ranging probe detects the distance between the rock and soil sample filled in the collecting sleeve and the air filtering plate, the drill rod drilling speed is too high, the rock and soil powder does not reach the expanding space between the air filtering plate and the round table, at the moment, the lifting part is required to reduce the speed of driving the first fixing frame to move downwards until the speed of filling the rock and soil powder between the air filtering plate and the round table is reached, the expanding speed of the space between the air filtering plate and the round table is tracked, when the infrared ranging probe detects that the distance between the rock and soil sample filled in the collecting sleeve is too close, the collecting sleeve is excessively large, at the moment, the vacuum generator reduces the strength of pumping work inside the collecting sleeve, the rock and soil sample filled in the collecting sleeve is enabled to rise, the fact that the rock and soil sample filled in the collecting sleeve is not filled in the collecting sleeve is kept at the same depth as the normal condition, and the real condition that the depth of the rock sample is not collected in the same is not guaranteed due to the fact that the depth of the sample is not adjusted in the collecting sleeve is not equal to the normal condition;
finally, the drilling work and the sampling work are synchronously carried out, after the drilling work and the sampling work are finished, the driving motor and the vacuum generator stop rotating, meanwhile, the lifting part drives the first fixing frame to slowly reset upwards, so that the drill rod and the drill bit leave the stratum upwards, an operator pulls out the collecting sleeve from the sleeve, and the two collecting pipes are separated in a transverse state, so that the collected samples are displayed in the collecting pipes positioned below, the good layering effect of the samples displayed in the collecting pipes is ensured, the representativeness of different depths of the samples is not damaged, and the deviation between result data and real data is reduced while the working efficiency of the rock-soil investigation work is improved.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that the small collecting pipe for collecting samples is arranged in the drill rod, the sample injection pipe arranged between the drill rod and the drill bit captures the rock and soil powder which is crushed by the drill bit in the high-speed rotation process of the drill rod along with the drill bit during the continuous deep stratum of the drill rod, meanwhile, the vacuum generator generates low pressure in the collecting pipe, the pushing plate pushes the rock and soil powder which is captured by the sample injection pipe into the collecting pipe, the pushing plate and the lower grinding plate grind the rock and soil powder into rock and soil samples with uniform size before the rock and soil powder enters the collecting pipe, the uniformity that the rock and soil sample in the collecting pipe was filled is improved, make the drill bit carry out the drilling work simultaneously, the collecting pipe is collected the rock and soil sample of same degree of depth in real time, detect the sample degree of depth that gathers in the collecting pipe by infrared range finding probe during this period, through speed and the time of controlling the drill bit to drill down, guarantee that different degree of depth rock and soil sample distribution states that collect in the collecting pipe are close with true different degree of depth rock and soil sample degree of depth distribution states, realize drilling work and sampling work and go on simultaneously, guarantee that the sample of taking out possesses good layering effect, make its representativeness of different degree of depth not destroyed, when improving the work efficiency of rock and soil investigation work, reduce the deviation between result data and the true data.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a partial cross-sectional view of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a schematic perspective view of an earth-boring unit according to the present application;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a first partial perspective of an earth-boring unit according to the present application;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a second partial perspective of the earth-boring unit of the present application;
FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of the V region of the present application;
FIG. 7 is an exploded view of a sample collection cell of the present application;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a partial perspective view of a sample collection unit of the present application;
FIG. 9 is a schematic perspective view of a polishing unit according to the present application;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of a partial perspective structure of the polishing unit of the present application;
FIG. 11 is a schematic perspective view of an auxiliary sampling unit according to the present application;
fig. 12 is a partial cross-sectional view of an auxiliary sampling unit of the present application.
Wherein the above figures include the following reference numerals: 1-main support, 2-lifting part, 3-driving motor, 4-vacuum generator, 41-breathing pipe, 5-bottom support, 101-first straight gear, 102-first mount, 103-bushing, 104-first rod sleeve, 105-second straight gear, 106-drill rod, 107-connecting block, 108-drill bit, 109-second rod sleeve, 201-second mount, 202-sleeve, 203-collecting pipe, 2031-first slider, 204-air pipe, 205-suction hood, 206-air filter plate, 2061-second slider, 207-infrared ranging probe, 301-inlet tube, 302-annular sleeve, 303-push plate, 304-third mount, 305-round table, 306-annular slider, 307-lower grinding plate, 401-spring telescoping rod, 402-arc-shaped mounting plate, 403-external grinding plate.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that in the various embodiments described, identical components are provided with identical reference numerals or identical component names, wherein the disclosure contained throughout the description can be transferred in a meaning to identical components having identical reference numerals or identical component names. The position specification, the upper, lower, lateral, etc. selected in the description are also referred to directly in the description and the figures shown and are transferred in the sense of a new position when the position is changed.
The lifting member 2 used in the embodiment of the present invention is a slider type hydraulic lifter.
Example 1
The drilling device with the sample collecting function for geotechnical engineering investigation comprises an earth boring unit, a sample collecting unit, a grinding unit, a main support 1, a lifting part 2, a driving motor 3, a vacuum generator 4 and a bottom support 5, wherein the drilling device is shown in figures 1-10; the upper side of the main bracket 1 is connected with a lifting part 2; the middle part of the lifting part 2 is fixedly connected with a driving motor 3; the front side of the main bracket 1 is fixedly connected with a vacuum generator 4; the lower side of the main bracket 1 is fixedly connected with a bottom bracket 5; the lower side of the lifting part 2 is connected with an earth boring unit; the output shaft of the driving motor 3 is connected with the earth boring unit; the inner side of the earth boring unit is connected with a sample collecting unit; the vacuum generator 4 is connected with a sample collection unit through an air suction pipe 41; the lower side of the earth boring unit is connected with a grinding unit; the sample collection unit is connected with the grinding unit.
As shown in fig. 3-5, the earth-boring unit includes a first spur gear 101, a first mount 102, a bushing 103, a first sleeve 104, a second spur gear 105, a drill rod 106, a connection block 107, a drill bit 108, and a second sleeve 109; the output shaft of the driving motor 3 is fixedly connected with a first straight gear 101; the left part of the lower side and the right part of the lower side of the lifting part 2 are respectively connected with a first fixing frame 102 through bolts; a bushing 103 is welded between the two first fixing frames 102; the inner side of the bushing 103 is rotatably connected with a first rod sleeve 104; a second spur gear 105 is fixedly connected to the upper side of the first rod sleeve 104; the first spur gear 101 is meshed with the second spur gear 105; a drill rod 106 is fixedly connected to the inner side of the first rod sleeve 104; the lower end of the drill rod 106 is fixedly connected with a connecting block 107; the outer surface of the drill rod 106 is provided with a plurality of reinforcing rib structures; the lower end of the connecting block 107 is fixedly connected with a drill bit 108 through threads; a second rod sleeve 109 is rotatably connected to the inner side of the bottom bracket 5; the lower side of the drill rod 106 is slidingly connected with a second rod sleeve 109; the first fixing frame 102, the drill rod 106 and the connecting block 107 are all connected with a sample collecting unit; the connection block 107 connects the grinding units.
As shown in fig. 4, 6 and 9, the sample collection unit includes a second holder 201, a sleeve 202, a collection tube 203, a gas pipe 204, a suction hood 205, a gas filter 206 and an infrared ranging probe 207; the front sides of the two first fixing frames 102 are respectively connected with a second fixing frame 201 through bolts; a sleeve 202 is fixedly connected between the two second fixing frames 201; the upper side of the casing 202 is rotatably connected with the drill rod 106; the lower side of the sleeve 202 is slidably connected with the connecting block 107 through a sliding block structure; two collecting pipes 203 are respectively inserted into the inner side of the sleeve 202 through a first sliding block 2031; the sleeve 202 and the collecting pipe 203 are connected with a grinding unit; contact between two collection tubes 203; the lower end of the air suction pipe 41 is connected with an air delivery pipe 204; the lower end of the air pipe 204 is communicated with an air exhaust cover 205; a gas filtering plate 206 is fixedly connected to the lower side of the gas pumping cover 205; the air filter 206 is slidably connected to the two collection pipes 203 through the two second sliders 2061, respectively; one infrared ranging probe 207 is connected to each of the lower sides of the two second sliders 2061 of the air filter plate 206.
As shown in fig. 8 to 10, the grinding unit comprises a sample inlet tube 301, an annular sleeve 302, a push plate 303, a third fixing frame 304 and a grinding assembly; a plurality of sample injection pipes 301 are connected around the inside of the connecting block 107; each sample inlet tube 301 has a spiral-rising arc structure from the outer side of the connecting block 107 to the inner side of the connecting block 107; an annular sleeve 302 is fixedly connected to the inner side of the connecting block 107; the lower end of the sleeve 202 is slidably connected with the annular sleeve 302 through a sliding block structure; a plurality of pushing plates 303 are welded around the inner side of the annular sleeve 302; a third fixing frame 304 is inserted between the lower ends of the two collecting pipes 203; the lower side of the third fixing frame 304 is connected with a grinding component; the grinding assembly is connected to the connection block 107.
As shown in fig. 9, the grinding assembly includes a circular table 305, an annular slider 306, and a lower grinding plate 307; the lower side of the third fixing frame 304 is fixedly connected with a round table 305; an annular sliding block 306 is fixedly connected to the lower side of the round table 305; the annular sliding block 306 is connected with the connecting block 107 in a sliding manner; a plurality of lower grinding plates 307 are welded around the upper surface of the round table 305; each push plate 303 is attached to a lower grind plate 307; the inner surface of the annular sleeve 302 and the outer surface of the circular truncated cone 305 are in a tapered structure with the upper side narrowed and the lower side widened; each push plate 303 is in an inclined configuration upwardly from the outside of the annular sleeve 302 to the inside of the annular sleeve 302.
Firstly, an output shaft of a driving motor 3 drives a first straight gear 101 to rotate, the first straight gear 101 is meshed with a second straight gear 105 to drive a first rod sleeve 104 and a drill rod 106 to rotate at a high speed, meanwhile, a lifting part 2 drives a first fixing frame 102 to slowly move downwards, so that the drill rod 106 drives a drill bit 108 to rotate at a high speed and simultaneously move downwards, the first fixing frame 102 drives the drill rod 106 and the drill bit 108 to slowly drill down tightly on the ground surface, longitudinal drilling is carried out on a stratum, the drill rod 106 slides downwards along a second rod sleeve 109, the drill rod 106 is guided by the second rod sleeve 109, and severe shaking of the drill rod 106 during the drilling is avoided, so that a large-area rock-soil collapse phenomenon occurs on the side wall of a drilled cave.
The two collecting pipes 203 are spliced to form a complete collecting sleeve, the vacuum generator 4 pumps air through the air suction pipe 41, the air delivery pipe 204 and the air suction cover 205 in the collecting sleeve during the drilling of the drill pipe 106, so that the inside of the collecting sleeve is kept in a low-pressure state, and meanwhile, the infrared ranging probe 207 is kept in an opening state.
During the period that the drill rod 106 continuously goes deep under the stratum along with the drill bit 108, the drill bit 108 which rotates at a high speed continuously drills the rock and soil to obtain rock and soil powder, meanwhile, the drill rod 106 drives the connecting block 107 to rotate, the connecting block 107 drives the sampling pipe 301 to rotate at a high speed, meanwhile, the sampling pipe 301 captures small-size rock and soil powder floating on the periphery of the drill rod 106, the rock and soil powder entering the sampling pipe 301 is enabled to be pushed upwards in the rotating process of the sampling pipe 301, the rock and soil powder enters between the annular sleeve 302 and the round table 305 along with the sampling pipe 301 under the suction of the collecting sleeve in a low pressure state, the annular sleeve 302 drives the annular sleeve 302 to rotate at a high speed along with the sampling pipe 301, the annular sleeve 302 is enabled to apply the pushing force obliquely upwards to the rock and soil powder located between the annular sleeve 302 and the round table 305 through the pushing plate 303, the rock and soil powder between the annular sleeve 302 and the round table 305 moves upwards along with the pushing plate 303 under the suction of the collecting sleeve in the low pressure state, the drill bit 108 continuously moves downwards along with the casing 202 and the collecting sleeve, the collecting sleeve 206 moves downwards along with the rotation of the sampling pipe under the stratum, the static air filtering plate 206 gradually expands, the space between the filtering plate 206 and the rock and the round table is enabled to be filled with the rock and soil and the rock and soil powder is sampled under the suction of the sampling plate, and the sampling plate is enabled to be synchronously sucked and the rock and the soil and the ground is continuously and sampled under the sampling hole.
After the rock and soil powder enters between the annular sleeve 302 and the round table 305, the annular sleeve 302 drives the push plate 303 to rotate at a high speed, the push plate 303 is matched with the lower grinding plate 307 to grind the rock and soil powder, and then the rock and soil powder is continuously filled between the air filtering plate 206 and the round table 305 under the suction of negative pressure in the collecting sleeve, so that the rock and soil powder is ground into rock and soil samples with uniform sizes, and the filling uniformity of the rock and soil samples in the collecting sleeve is improved.
During the period of sucking the rock and soil powder, the infrared ranging probe 207 keeps detecting the height of the rock and soil powder sucked into the collecting sleeve, along with the fact that the drill pipe 106 continuously stretches downwards into the stratum, the space between the gas filtering plate 206 and the circular table 305 continuously expands, when the infrared ranging probe 207 detects the distance between the rock and soil sample filled into the collecting sleeve and the gas filtering plate 206 is further and further increased, the drilling speed of the drill pipe 106 is too fast, the rock and soil powder is not too fast to fill the space between the gas filtering plate 206 and the circular table 305, at the moment, the lifting part 2 is required to reduce the speed of driving the first fixing frame 102 to move downwards until the speed of filling the rock and soil powder between the gas filtering plate 206 and the circular table 305 is reached, the speed of expanding the space between the gas filtering plate 206 and the circular table 305 is reached, when the infrared ranging probe 207 detects the distance between the rock and soil sample filled into the collecting sleeve and the gas filtering plate 206 is too large, the vacuum generator 4 reduces the intensity of sucking the rock and soil powder inside the collecting sleeve, the lifting speed of the rock and soil sample inside the collecting sleeve is enabled to be not to reach the same, the normal condition that the depth of the rock and soil sample is not filled into the collecting sleeve is guaranteed, the normal condition is avoided, and the condition that the sample and the sample is not filled into the collecting sleeve is not equal to be in the depth of the collecting sample and the sample is not equal to the depth.
Finally, the synchronous proceeding of the drilling work and the sampling work is realized, after the drilling work and the sampling work are finished, the driving motor 3 and the vacuum generator 4 stop rotating, meanwhile, the lifting part 2 drives the first fixing frame 102 to slowly reset upwards, so that the drill rod 106 and the drill bit 108 leave the stratum upwards, an operator pulls out the collecting sleeve from the sleeve 202, and the two collecting pipes 203 are separated in a transverse state, so that the collected samples are displayed in the collecting pipes 203 positioned below, the samples displayed in the collecting pipes 203 are ensured to have good layering effect, the representativeness of different depths of the samples is not damaged, and the deviation between result data and real data is reduced while the working efficiency of the geotechnical investigation work is improved.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 1-12, this embodiment is further optimized based on embodiment 1, and further includes an auxiliary sampling unit, where the connection block 107 is provided with an auxiliary sampling unit, and the auxiliary sampling unit includes a spring telescopic rod 401, an arc-shaped mounting plate 402, and an external grinding plate 403; a plurality of spring telescopic rods 401 are fixedly connected around the outer surface of the connecting block 107; an arc-shaped mounting plate 402 is fixedly connected between the outer ends of two adjacent spring telescopic rods 401 respectively; a plurality of external grind plates 403 are welded to the outer surface of each arcuate mounting plate 402.
The drill bit 108 rotating at a high speed continuously drills the rock and soil to obtain rock and soil powder, meanwhile, the sampling tube 301 captures the small-size rock and soil powder floating on the periphery of the drill rod 106, so that the rock and soil powder is collected into the collecting sleeve in a low-pressure state, and when the rock and soil texture around the drill bit 108 is loose, the rock and soil are difficult to drill into a powder state by the drill bit 108, and auxiliary sampling work is needed through the auxiliary sampling unit.
Firstly, as the drill rod 106 continuously stretches into a stratum downwards, the drill rod 106 drives the arc-shaped mounting plate 402 to rotate at a high speed, when the drill rod 106 drives the arc-shaped mounting plate 402 to downwards pass through the drilled cavity side wall, the arc-shaped mounting plate 402 is blocked by the cavity side wall to enable the spring telescopic rod 401 to be extruded inwards, so that the spring telescopic rod 401 generates an outwards elastic force, meanwhile, the spring telescopic rod 401 exerts a reverse thrust on the arc-shaped mounting plate 402 by means of the generated compression elasticity, the arc-shaped mounting plate 402 is tightly attached to the cavity side wall, the cavity side wall is expanded to the periphery of the cavity by the reverse extrusion of the arc-shaped mounting plate 402, the loose rock-soil density of the cavity side wall is increased, meanwhile, the drill rod 106 drives the arc-shaped mounting plate 402 to grind the cavity side wall with increased density through the external grinding plate 403 in the high-speed rotation process, so that the rock-soil with increased cavity side wall density is ground into powder, and the sample inlet pipe 301 is smoothly captured.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention and not for limiting the scope of the present invention, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the technical solution of the present invention may be modified or substituted equally without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. An intelligent drilling device with a sample collection function for geotechnical engineering investigation comprises a main support (1), a lifting part (2), a driving motor (3), a vacuum generator (4) and a bottom support (5); the upper side of the main bracket (1) is connected with a lifting part (2); a driving motor (3) is fixedly connected at the middle part of the lifting component (2); the front side of the main bracket (1) is fixedly connected with a vacuum generator (4); the lower side of the main bracket (1) is fixedly connected with a bottom bracket (5); the method is characterized in that: the device also comprises an earth boring unit, a sample collecting unit and a grinding unit; the lower side of the lifting component (2) is connected with an earth drilling unit which drills deep into rock soil; an output shaft of the driving motor (3) is connected with the earth boring unit; the inner side of the earth boring unit is connected with a sample collecting unit for synchronously collecting samples in the earth boring process; the vacuum generator (4) is connected with the sample collecting unit through an air suction pipe (41); the lower side of the earth boring unit is connected with a grinding unit for grinding and collecting samples; the sample collecting unit is connected with the grinding unit;
the earth boring unit comprises a first straight gear (101), a first fixing frame (102), a bushing (103), a first rod sleeve (104), a second straight gear (105), a drill rod (106), a connecting block (107), a drill bit (108) and a second rod sleeve (109); the output shaft of the driving motor (3) is fixedly connected with a first straight gear (101); the left part of the lower side and the right part of the lower side of the lifting component (2) are fixedly connected with a first fixing frame (102) respectively; a bushing (103) is fixedly connected between the two first fixing frames (102); the inner side of the bushing (103) is rotationally connected with a first rod sleeve (104); the upper side of the first rod sleeve (104) is fixedly connected with a second spur gear (105); the first straight gear (101) is meshed with the second straight gear (105); a drill rod (106) is fixedly connected to the inner side of the first rod sleeve (104); the lower end of the drill rod (106) is fixedly connected with a connecting block (107); the lower end of the connecting block (107) is fixedly connected with a drill bit (108) through threads; the inner side of the bottom bracket (5) is rotationally connected with a second rod sleeve (109); the lower side of the drill rod (106) is connected with a second rod sleeve (109) in a sliding way; the first fixing frame (102), the drill rod (106) and the connecting block (107) are all connected with the sample collecting unit; the connecting block (107) is connected with the grinding unit;
the outer surface of the drill rod (106) is provided with a plurality of reinforcing rib structures;
the sample collection unit comprises a second fixing frame (201), a sleeve (202), a collecting pipe (203), a gas pipe (204), a gas exhaust cover (205), a gas filtering plate (206) and an infrared ranging probe (207); the front sides of the two first fixing frames (102) are fixedly connected with a second fixing frame (201) respectively; a sleeve (202) is fixedly connected between the two second fixing frames (201); the upper side of the sleeve (202) is rotationally connected with the drill rod (106); the lower side of the sleeve (202) is connected with the connecting block (107) in a sliding way through a sliding block structure; the inner side of the sleeve (202) is respectively inserted with two collecting pipes (203) through a first sliding block (2031); the sleeve (202) and the collecting pipe (203) are connected with the grinding unit; the two collecting pipes (203) are contacted with each other; the lower end of the air suction pipe (41) is communicated with an air delivery pipe (204); the lower end of the air pipe (204) is communicated with an air exhaust cover (205); the lower side of the air suction cover (205) is fixedly connected with an air filtering plate (206); the air filtering plate (206) is respectively and slidably connected with the two collecting pipes (203) through the two second sliding blocks (2061); the lower sides of the two second sliding blocks (2061) of the air filtering plate (206) are respectively connected with an infrared ranging probe (207).
2. An intelligent drilling device with sample collection function for geotechnical engineering investigation according to claim 1, characterized in that: the grinding unit comprises a sample inlet pipe (301), an annular sleeve (302), a push plate (303), a third fixing frame (304) and a grinding assembly; a plurality of sample injection pipes (301) are connected around the inside of the connecting block (107); an annular sleeve (302) is fixedly connected to the inner side of the connecting block (107); the lower end of the sleeve (202) is connected with the annular sleeve (302) in a sliding way through a sliding block structure; a plurality of push plates (303) are fixedly connected with the inner side of the encircling annular sleeve (302); a third fixing frame (304) is inserted between the lower ends of the two collecting pipes (203); the lower side of the third fixing frame (304) is connected with a grinding component; the grinding assembly is connected with the connecting block (107).
3. An intelligent drilling device with sample collection function for geotechnical engineering investigation according to claim 2, characterized in that: each sample feeding tube (301) has a spiral-rising curved structure from the outer side of the connecting block (107) to the inner side of the connecting block (107).
4. An intelligent drilling device with sample collection function for geotechnical engineering investigation according to claim 2, characterized in that: the grinding assembly comprises a round table (305), an annular sliding block (306) and a lower grinding plate (307); the lower side of the third fixing frame (304) is fixedly connected with a round table (305); an annular sliding block (306) is fixedly connected to the lower side of the round table (305); the annular sliding block (306) is connected with the connecting block (107) in a sliding way; a plurality of lower grinding plates (307) are fixedly connected around the upper surface of the round table (305); each push plate (303) is closely attached to a lower grind plate (307).
5. An intelligent drilling device with sample collection function for geotechnical engineering investigation according to claim 4, wherein: the inner surface of the annular sleeve (302) and the outer surface of the circular truncated cone (305) are in tapered structures with narrowed upper sides and widened lower sides.
6. An intelligent drilling device with sample collection function for geotechnical engineering investigation according to claim 4, wherein: each push plate (303) is in an upward inclined structure from the outer side of the annular sleeve (302) to the inner side of the annular sleeve (302).
7. An intelligent drilling device with sample collection function for geotechnical engineering investigation according to claim 1, characterized in that: the device also comprises an auxiliary sampling unit, wherein the auxiliary sampling unit is arranged on the connecting block (107) and comprises a spring telescopic rod (401), an arc-shaped mounting plate (402) and an external grinding plate (403); a plurality of spring telescopic rods (401) are fixedly connected around the outer surface of the connecting block (107); an arc-shaped mounting plate (402) is fixedly connected between the outer ends of two adjacent spring telescopic rods (401); the outer surface of each arc-shaped mounting plate (402) is fixedly connected with a plurality of external grinding plates (403) respectively.
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| CN116335531B (en) * | 2023-05-30 | 2023-08-08 | 山西晋恒源岩土工程有限责任公司 | Geotechnical engineering drilling machine |
| CN117571969B (en) * | 2024-01-16 | 2024-04-09 | 昆明理工大学 | Automatic soil humidity detection equipment for agriculture |
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