CN112324355B

CN112324355B - Drilling device and drilling process for geotechnical engineering investigation

Info

Publication number: CN112324355B
Application number: CN202011295769.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 姚宝宽; 张学飞; 王耸; 刘敬锋; 许洋; 叶程; 张珺却
Original assignee: Jiangsu Provincial Geotechnical Surveying & Design Institute
Current assignee: Jiangsu Provincial Geotechnical Surveying & Design Institute
Priority date: 2020-11-18
Filing date: 2020-11-18
Publication date: 2022-08-23
Anticipated expiration: 2040-11-18
Also published as: CN112324355A

Abstract

The application relates to a drilling rig and a drilling process for geotechnical engineering investigation, and relates to the technical field of geotechnical engineering investigation, wherein the drilling rig comprises a rack, a drill rod and a plurality of supporting legs, the drill rod and the supporting legs are connected with the rack in a lifting manner, a first driving piece for driving the drill rod to rotate is connected to the rack, and a linkage mechanism for driving each supporting leg to lift in a linkage manner is further connected to the rack. Wherein the drilling process comprises the steps of: marking an exploration hole preset point position, positioning a drilling device, fixing the drilling device, drilling and dismantling the drilling device. This application has and is convenient for promote exploration hole drilling quality to keep or promote the effect of the accuracy of investigation result.

Description

Drilling device and drilling process for geotechnical engineering investigation

Technical Field

The application relates to the field of geotechnical engineering investigation technology, in particular to a drilling device and a drilling process for geotechnical engineering investigation.

Background

The current geotechnical engineering investigation refers to finding out, analyzing and evaluating geological and environmental characteristics of a construction site and geotechnical engineering conditions according to requirements of construction engineering and compiling activities of investigation files.

Chinese patent with publication number CN206693914U discloses a drilling device for geotechnical engineering investigation, including spiral uide bushing, the drill bit, three crossbeam, three adapter sleeve, three landing leg and a plurality of drilling rods, three crossbeam sets up along the circumferencial direction equipartition of spiral uide bushing, and the inner of every crossbeam and the outer wall connection of spiral uide bushing, the outer end and the adapter sleeve of every crossbeam are connected, three landing leg sets up along the circumferencial direction equipartition of spiral uide bushing, the upper end cartridge respectively in a corresponding adapter sleeve of every landing leg, the lower extreme of drilling rod passes spiral uide bushing and is connected with the drill bit, the drilling rod outer wall passes through threaded connection with spiral uide bushing's inner wall.

Aiming at the related technologies, the inventor thinks that the supporting legs are used for supporting the drill rod and enabling the drill rod to work stably, but the supporting legs in the related technologies are pressed into the soil layer by human power, and all the supporting legs are prone to uneven stress, so that the depths of all the supporting legs inserted into the soil layer are inconsistent, the drill rod is prone to being inclined, the drilling quality of an exploration hole is prone to being poor due to the fact that the drill rod is inclined, and finally the accuracy of an exploration result is prone to being influenced.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the problem that the accuracy of an investigation result caused by uneven stress on a supporting leg is low, the application provides a drilling device and a drilling process for geotechnical engineering investigation.

In a first aspect, the present application provides a drilling device for geotechnical engineering investigation, which adopts the following technical scheme:

the utility model provides a probing device for geotechnical engineering reconnaissance, includes frame, drilling rod and a plurality of landing leg, drilling rod and landing leg are connected with the frame lift, be connected with drive drilling rod pivoted first driving piece in the frame, still be connected with the link gear that each landing leg of drive linkage goes up and down in the frame.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the frame is used for installing drilling rod and landing leg, can drive each landing leg simultaneously through link gear and insert the underground simultaneously to make each landing leg insert the underground degree of depth unanimous, thereby can make the drilling rod keep balance when each landing leg of firm fixed, reduce the drilling rod and appear crooked condition when drilling and take place. The method has the effect of facilitating the improvement of the drilling quality of the exploration hole, thereby maintaining or improving the accuracy of an exploration result.

Optionally, the rack comprises a fixing ring and a plurality of supporting columns mounted at one end of the fixing ring, the supporting columns are placed on the ground, and a mounting groove is formed in the inner wall of the fixing ring; the linkage mechanism comprises a first driven gear and a second driving piece for driving the first driven gear to rotate, the first driven gear is arranged in the mounting groove, and the second driving piece is arranged on the rack; the fixed ring is connected with a plurality of fixed blocks, the fixed blocks are rotatably connected with second driven gears, and the first driven gears are internally meshed with the second driven gears; the supporting leg is positioned at the axis of the second driven gear and is in threaded connection with the second driven gear, one end of the supporting leg penetrates through the fixing block, and the other end of the supporting leg faces the ground; the support column is connected with a sliding groove, one side of the support leg, which faces the sliding groove, is connected with a rotation stopping rod, and the rotation stopping rod is connected with the sliding groove in a sliding manner.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the support column is used for supporting solid fixed ring, gu fixed ring passes through the first driven gear of mounting groove installation and restricts the axial displacement of first driven gear. The fixed block is used for installing the second driven gear and is convenient for the second driven gear to rotate. The first driven gear of second driving piece drive rotates, and first driven gear drives all second driven gear rotations of inner gearing, because landing leg and second driven gear threaded connection, and the landing leg is rotated by the restriction of sliding groove through the rotation stopping rod, so second driven gear rotates and can drive the landing leg and go up and down to set up along the extending direction in sliding groove. The support legs can be simultaneously inserted into the ground, the insertion depth is basically consistent, and the labor intensity of manpower can be reduced.

Optionally, an avoiding hole is formed in the outer wall of the fixing ring, and the avoiding hole is communicated with the mounting groove; the second driving piece comprises a driving motor and a driving gear fixedly sleeved on an output shaft of the driving motor, the driving motor is connected with the rack, and one side of the driving gear is located in the avoiding hole and is externally meshed with the first driven gear.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, driving motor can install on solid fixed ring, and driving motor can drive the driving gear and rotate, and the driving gear can be through dodging hole and first driven gear external toothing to make the link gear move.

Optionally, a mounting ring is arranged at the axis of the fixing ring, and the fixing block extends towards the axis of the fixing ring and is connected with the outer wall of the mounting ring; the drill rod is positioned at the axis of the mounting ring and is in threaded connection with the mounting ring; the first driving piece comprises a transmission motor, and the transmission motor is located on one side, far away from the ground, of the drill rod and connected with the drill rod.

By adopting the technical scheme, the mounting ring is fixed at the axis of the fixing ring through the fixing block, and the mounting ring is used for fixing the position of the drill rod and can provide lifting guide for the drill rod. Because solid fixed ring's rigidity, so when drive motor drive drilling rod rotated, the drilling rod was spiral towards underground displacement under solid fixed ring internal screw thread's direction to the drilling rod of being convenient for bores the exploration hole.

Optionally, the outer wall of the transmission motor is hinged with a plurality of connecting rods, one side of the fixing ring, which is far away from the ground, is connected with a plurality of sliding rails, sliding blocks are connected in the sliding rails in a sliding manner, and the sliding blocks are hinged with the connecting rods; and the fixing ring is connected with a third driving piece for driving the sliding block to slide.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the third driving piece drive sliding block slides along the extending direction that derives of the rail that slides, when needs bore and dig the exploration hole, sliding block moves towards the one side of keeping away from the drilling rod and slides to drive the connecting rod and incline simultaneously, and the angle of inclination reduces gradually, and the connecting rod can exert pressure for driving motor, and the resultant force of each connecting rod pressure sets up towards ground, provides the power of boring and digging towards the underground for the drilling rod steadily, is convenient for promote the drilling rod and bores the stability of digging.

Optionally, a drilling head is arranged at the bottom of the drill rod, a liquid inlet hole is formed in the drilling head, and a filter screen is connected to the liquid inlet hole; a liquid guide groove is formed in one side, facing the drilling probe, of the drill rod and is communicated with the liquid inlet hole; and a liquid outlet hole is formed in the side wall of one end, facing the transmission motor, of the liquid guide groove.

By adopting the technical scheme, when liquid substances exist in the exploration hole drilled and excavated by the drill rod, the liquid substances can enter the liquid guide groove through the liquid inlet hole in the drilling head and are discharged out of the drill rod through the liquid outlet hole. The filter screen is used for filtering impurities such as broken stone blocks, silt and the like which are mixed in the liquid substances.

Optionally, a connector is arranged at the liquid outlet, the connector is positioned above the mounting ring, and the distance between the connector and the mounting ring is greater than the depth of the drill hole; the connector department is connected with the drain pipe, be connected with the drawing liquid pump on the drain pipe.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, can be after the drilling rod stall, with drain pipe and connector high-speed joint to liquid material surplus in the drilling rod is extracted through the drawing liquid pump. The drain pipe can be arranged to guide the liquid substances discharged from the exploration hole, so that the situation that the liquid substances flow back into the exploration hole is reduced.

In a second aspect, the present application provides a drilling process, which adopts the following technical solutions:

the drilling process of the drilling device for the geotechnical engineering investigation, which comprises any one of the technical schemes, is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:

marking the preset positions of the exploration holes: a positioning sleeve is placed at a preset position of the exploration hole, and comprises a first anchor ear and a second anchor ear which are connected;

positioning a drilling device: vertically inserting a drill rod into the positioning sleeve, and then lifting the whole device along the axial direction of the positioning sleeve until the support column is positioned on the ground; subsequently detaching the positioning sleeve and removing the positioning sleeve;

fixing a drilling device: starting a linkage mechanism to drive each supporting leg to descend in a linkage manner and insert the supporting legs into the ground;

drilling: the first driving piece drives the drill rod to drill and dig the exploration hole at the preset position of the exploration hole; if liquid exists in the exploration hole, starting a liquid pump to discharge the liquid;

dismantling the drilling device: the drive drilling rod breaks away from the exploration hole, and the drive supporting leg breaks away from the underground and is moved away from the drilling device, so that subsequent drilling operation is facilitated.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the position sleeve is used for instructing the predetermined position of exploration hole to can fix the position of drilling rod through the position sleeve, thereby can fix a position drilling equipment's mounted position, be convenient for promote the brill precision of exploration hole. The locating sleeve is convenient to remove, and the influence on drilling and exploring holes drilled by the drilling device is small.

In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

1. through the arrangement of the linkage mechanism, the drill rod can be kept balanced while the supporting legs are stably fixed, and the occurrence of deflection of the drill rod during drilling is reduced, so that the drilling quality of an exploration hole is improved conveniently, and the accuracy of an exploration result is further maintained or improved;

2. through the arrangement of the driving gear, the first driven gear, the second driven gear, the rotation stopping rod and the sliding groove, the supporting legs can be simultaneously inserted into the ground, the insertion depths are basically consistent, and the effect of reducing the labor intensity of manpower can be achieved;

3. through the setting of collar, drive motor, connecting rod and sliding block, can play the effect of the stability of being convenient for promote the drilling rod and dig.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of a drilling apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 2 is a schematic top view of a drilling apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 3 is a sectional view taken along line a-a of fig. 2.

Fig. 4 is a partially enlarged structural view of a portion a in fig. 3.

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a connection structure of a drill rod and a liquid outlet pipe according to an embodiment of the application.

Fig. 6 is a schematic view of a structure in which a drilling apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application is positioned on the ground.

Figure 7 is a schematic flow diagram of a drilling process of an embodiment of the present application.

Description of the reference numerals: 1. a frame; 11. a fixing ring; 111. mounting grooves; 112. avoiding holes; 12. a support pillar; 121. a sliding groove; 13. a fixed block; 131. a placement groove; 132. placing a ring; 14. A support leg; 141. a rotation stopping rod; 2. a linkage mechanism; 21. a drive motor; 22. a driving gear; 23. a first driven gear; 231. positioning a groove; 232. positioning pins; 24. a second driven gear; 241. mounting a column; 2411. embedding the groove; 242. embedding blocks; 243. a compression spring; 3. a telescopic cylinder; 31. a connecting rod; 32. sliding the rail; 33. a sliding block; 4. a drive motor; 41. a mounting ring; 5. a drill stem; 51. drilling a probe; 52. a liquid inlet hole; 53. a liquid guide groove; 54. a liquid outlet hole; 55. a connector; 56. a liquid outlet pipe; 57. a liquid pump; 7. and (5) positioning the sleeve.

Detailed Description

The present application is described in further detail below with reference to figures 1-7.

The embodiment of the application discloses drilling equipment for geotechnical investigation. With reference to fig. 1, a drilling rig comprises a frame 1, a drill pipe 5 and a number of legs 14, the frame 1 being located on the ground. The machine frame 1 is connected with a linkage mechanism 2 for driving each supporting leg 14 to be linked and lifted, so that the supporting legs 14 are lifted and connected with the machine frame 1 and are inserted underground; the center of the frame 1 is connected with a first driving part, the first driving part drives the drill rod 5 to rotate and enables the drill rod 5 to be connected with the frame 1 in a lifting mode, and therefore an exploratory hole is drilled.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, frame 1 is including placing the solid fixed ring 11 of subaerial support column 12 and connection support column 12, and support column 12 is vertical to be set up and can set up threely, and solid fixed ring 11 level sets up and is located the one side that support column 12 kept away from ground, supports solid fixed ring 11 through three support column 12 that the equipartition set up on solid fixed ring 11. The outer wall of the fixing ring 11 is connected with a second driving part, the second driving part can adopt a driving motor 21, an output shaft of the driving motor 21 is arranged towards the ground, and a driving gear 22 coaxially arranged is fixedly sleeved on the output shaft of the driving motor 21.

Referring to fig. 3 and 4, an installation groove 111 is formed on an inner wall of the fixing ring 11, and a first driven gear 23 is embedded in the installation groove 111. In order to facilitate the first driven gear 23 to be placed in the mounting groove 111 and facilitate the driving gear 22 to drive the first driven gear 23 to rotate, the outer wall of the fixing ring 11 is provided with an avoiding hole 112 communicated with the mounting groove 111, and the avoiding hole 112 can facilitate the first driven gear 23 to penetrate through and enter the mounting groove 111; one side of the driving gear 22 extends into the avoiding hole 112 to be engaged with the outside of the first driven gear 23. One end of the first driven gear 23 is provided with a positioning groove 231, and the positioning groove 231 surrounds the circumference of the axle center of the first driven gear 23; the detent 231 is located in the mounting groove 111 when the first detent gear is located in the mounting groove 111. A plurality of positioning pins 232 are inserted into one end of the fixing ring 11, and the positioning pins 232 are inserted into the mounting groove 111 and are embedded into the positioning grooves 231. The positioning pin 232 and the positioning groove 231 cooperate to fix the position of the first driven gear 23 in the mounting groove 111 with less influence on the rotation of the first driven gear 23.

The inner wall of the fixing ring 11 is connected with three fixing blocks 13, one side of each fixing block 13 facing the ground is rotatably connected with a second driven gear 24, and the second driven gear 24 is meshed with the first driven gear 23 in an inner meshing mode. In order to install the second driven gear 24, a placing groove 131 is formed in one side, facing the ground, of the fixing block 13, and a placing ring 132 is welded to the inner wall of the groove of the placing groove 131. One side of second driven gear 24 towards standing groove 131 is connected with the installed part, the installed part include with place ring 132 inner wall complex erection column 241 and be located the embedding piece 242 of erection column 241 lateral wall department, set up the embedding groove 2411 that the symmetry set up along the axis of erection column 241 on the lateral wall of erection column 241, be connected with compression spring 243 in the embedding groove 2411, the one end of embedding piece 242 is embedded in embedding groove 2411 and is connected with compression spring 243, the other end stretches out the setting of embedding groove 2411. When the first driven gear 23 is installed, the insertion block 242 is pressed into the insertion groove 2411 so that the mounting post 241 can be inserted into the placing ring 132. When the insertion block 242 is located between the placing ring 132 and the bottom of the placing groove 131, the compression spring 243 rebounds to push one end of the insertion block 242 out of the notch of the insertion groove 2411, thereby fixing the second driven gear 24 and facilitating the rotational connection of the second driven gear 24 and the fixed block 13.

Referring to fig. 1 and 3, the supporting leg 14 is located at the axis of the second driven gear 24 and is in threaded connection with the second driven gear 24, one end of the supporting leg 14 penetrates through the fixing block 13, and the other end of the supporting leg faces the ground. The support post 12 is connected with a sliding groove 121 axially arranged along the support post 12, and the sliding groove 121 is arranged towards the corresponding support leg 14. The side wall of the leg 14 is connected with a rotation stopping rod 141, and the rotation stopping rod 141 extends into the sliding slot 121 and can slide along the extending direction of the sliding slot 121.

The driving motor 21 starts to drive the driving gear 22 to rotate simultaneously, the driving gear 22 rotates to drive the first driven gear 23 which is engaged with the driving gear 22 externally, the first driven gear 23 rotates to drive the second driven gear 24 which is engaged with the first driven gear 23 internally, because the second driven gear 24 is limited by the fixed block 13 to move axially, the second driven gear 24 is connected with the supporting leg 14 by screw threads, the supporting leg 14 is limited to rotate by the sliding connection of the rotation stopping rod 141 and the sliding groove 121, so the second driven gear 24 rotates to drive the supporting leg 14 to move axially along the second driven gear 24, thereby automatically inserting underground or extracting underground. Driven by the linkage mechanism 2, the inserting depth of each supporting leg 14 into the ground tends to be consistent, and the inserting depth of the supporting legs 14 is convenient to control according to the loosening degree of soil.

Referring to fig. 3, the fixing block 13 extends toward one side of the axis of the fixing ring 11, a mounting ring 41 is disposed at the axis of the fixing ring 11, the fixing block 13 is connected to the outer wall of the mounting ring 41, and the drill rod 5 is in threaded connection with the inner wall of the mounting ring 41. One side of the drill rod 5, which is far away from the ground, is connected with a first driving piece, the first driving piece adopts a transmission motor 4, and an output shaft of the transmission motor 4 is connected with the drill rod 5. Fixed ring 11 top equipartition has a plurality of slip rails 32, and slip rail 32 can set up threely, and the one end of slip rail 32 extends towards collar 41 department, and the other end extends towards fixed ring 11 outer wall department. The sliding rail 32 is connected with a sliding block 33 in a sliding manner, and the fixing ring 11 is connected with a third driving piece for driving the sliding block 33 to be arranged in a sliding manner. The third driving member can adopt a telescopic cylinder 3, the telescopic cylinder 3 can be positioned on the sliding rail 32 and is parallel to the sliding rail 32, and a piston rod of the telescopic cylinder 3 is connected with the sliding block 33 and pushes the sliding block 33 to slide in the sliding rail 32. The sliding block 33 is hinged with a connecting rod 31, and one end of the connecting rod 31, which is far away from the sliding block 33, is connected with the outer wall of the transmission motor 4.

The transmission motor 4 and the telescopic cylinder 3 are started simultaneously, and the drill rod 5 can be spirally descended while the transmission motor 4 drives the drill rod 5 to rotate because the drill rod 5 is in threaded connection with the mounting ring 41. At this moment, the telescopic cylinder 3 pushes the sliding block 33 to slide towards the outer wall of the fixing ring 11, the sliding of the sliding block 33 enables the inclination angle of the connecting rod 31 to be gradually reduced, so that pressure can be stably applied to the transmission motor 4, the transmission motor 4 can be driven to stably move towards the ground, and the drill rod 5 can stably descend spirally to drill and dig exploration holes.

Referring to fig. 3 and 5, a drilling head 51 is arranged on one side of the drill rod 5 away from the transmission motor 4, a liquid inlet hole 52 is formed in the drilling head 51, and a filter screen is connected to the liquid inlet hole 52. A liquid guide groove 53 is formed in the drill rod 5, the opening of the liquid guide groove 53 is communicated with a liquid inlet hole 52 of the drilling head 51, the liquid guide groove 53 extends along the axial direction of the drill rod 5, and a liquid outlet hole 54 is formed in the side wall of one end, far away from the drilling head 51, of the liquid guide groove 53. The outer wall of the drill rod 5 is connected with a connector 55 at the liquid outlet hole 54, so that the interference between the connector 55 and the mounting ring 41 is reduced for the lifting of the drill rod 5, the connector 55 is located above the mounting ring 41, and the distance between the connector 55 and the mounting ring 41 is greater than the drilling depth. When boring probe 51 drilling exploration hole, if when the downthehole liquid substance that has of exploration, the liquid substance can get into liquid guide groove 53 from feed liquor hole 52 department in, the filter screen can filter the large granule impurity that mix with in the liquid substance. When the liquid substance fills the liquid guide groove 53, the liquid substance can flow out from the liquid outlet. When too much liquid substances need to be discharged in time and the liquid substances in the liquid guide groove 53 need to be extracted, the drill rod 5 can be stopped rotating, the liquid outlet pipe 56 is in threaded connection with the connector 55, the liquid outlet pipe 56 is connected with the liquid pump 57, and the liquid substances can be extracted through the liquid pump 57.

The implementation principle of the drilling device for geotechnical engineering investigation in the embodiment of the application is as follows: first, the drilling apparatus is placed at a predetermined point of the exploratory hole, and the axis of the drill rod 5 is made to coincide with the predetermined point of the exploratory hole. Then, the driving motor 21 is started, so that the driving motor 21 drives the driving gear 22 to rotate, the driving gear 22 drives the first driven gear 23 to be driven, and the first driven gear 23 drives each second driven gear 24 to rotate. The second driven gear 24 is screwed with the leg 14, and the leg 14 is restricted from rotating under the matching of the rotation stop rod 141 and the sliding slot 121, so that the leg 14 can be lifted and lowered along the axial direction of the driven gear, thereby the leg 14 can be automatically inserted into the ground, and the depth of each leg 14 inserted into the ground is consistent.

Then, the drive motor 4 and the telescopic cylinder 3 are simultaneously started, the drive motor 4 enables the drill rod 5 to spirally rotate, and the drill rod 5 can spirally dig towards the underground under the threaded connection of the drill rod 5 and the mounting ring 41. The telescopic cylinder 3 can push the sliding block 33 to slide, so that the inclination angle of the connecting rod 31 is gradually reduced, and the connecting rod 31 applies downward pressure to the transmission motor 4, so that the drill rod 5 can drill towards the underground more stably. If liquid substances are observed to flow out of the liquid outlet, the liquid outlet pipe 56 can be connected with the connector 55 through threads after drilling and digging are finished, and then the liquid outlet pump is started to pump the liquid substances in the exploration hole.

After the extraction is finished, the liquid outlet pipe 56 is screwed off, and the transmission motor 4 and the telescopic cylinder 3 are started again, so that the spiral cylinder can stably rise spirally. When the drill rod 5 is completely removed from the drill hole, the drive motor 21 can be activated and the legs 14 are pulled out, at which time the drilling apparatus can be supported by means of the support columns 12.

The embodiment of the application also discloses a drilling process of the drilling device for geotechnical engineering investigation. Referring to fig. 6 and 7, the drilling process includes the steps of: marking an exploration hole preset point position, positioning a drilling device, fixing the drilling device, drilling and dismantling the drilling device, wherein the specific operation contents of each step are as follows.

Marking the preset point of the exploration hole: a positioning sleeve 7 is placed at a preset position of the exploratory hole, and the positioning sleeve 7 comprises a first anchor ear and a second anchor ear which are connected;

positioning a drilling device: vertically inserting the drill rod 5 into the positioning sleeve 7, and then lifting the whole device along the axial direction of the positioning sleeve 7 until the support column 12 is positioned on the ground; subsequently detaching the positioning sleeve 7 and removing the positioning sleeve 7;

fixing a drilling device: the linkage mechanism 2 is started to drive each supporting leg 14 to descend in a linkage manner and insert the supporting legs into the ground;

drilling: the first driving piece drives the drill rod 5 to drill and dig the exploratory hole at the preset position of the exploratory hole; if liquid exists in the exploration hole, a liquid pump 57 is started to discharge the liquid;

dismantling the drilling device: the drill pipe 5 is driven to disengage from the exploration hole and the legs 14 are driven to disengage from the ground and move away from the drilling rig for subsequent drilling operations.

The above are preferred embodiments of the present application, and the scope of protection of the present application is not limited thereto, so: all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape and principle of the present application shall be covered by the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a probing device for geotechnical engineering reconnaissance which characterized in that: the drill rod lifting device comprises a rack (1), a drill rod (5) and a plurality of supporting legs (14), wherein the drill rod (5) and the supporting legs (14) are connected with the rack (1) in a lifting mode, a first driving piece for driving the drill rod (5) to rotate is connected to the rack (1), and a linkage mechanism (2) for driving the supporting legs (14) to lift in a linkage mode is further connected to the rack (1);

the rack (1) comprises a fixed ring (11) and a plurality of supporting columns (12) arranged at one end of the fixed ring (11), the supporting columns (12) are placed on the ground, and the inner wall of the fixed ring (11) is provided with a mounting groove (111); the linkage mechanism (2) comprises a first driven gear (23) and a second driving piece for driving the first driven gear (23) to rotate, the first driven gear (23) is installed in the installation groove (111), and the second driving piece is installed on the rack (1); the fixing ring (11) is connected with a plurality of fixing blocks (13), the fixing blocks (13) are connected with second driven gears (24) in a rotating mode, and the first driven gears (23) are meshed with the second driven gears (24) in an inner meshing mode; the supporting leg (14) is positioned at the axis of the second driven gear (24) and is in threaded connection with the second driven gear (24), one end of the supporting leg (14) penetrates through the fixing block (13), and the other end of the supporting leg faces the ground; the support column (12) is connected with a sliding groove (121), one side, facing the sliding groove (121), of the support leg (14) is connected with a rotation stopping rod (141), and the rotation stopping rod (141) is connected with the sliding groove (121) in a sliding mode.

2. The drilling apparatus for geotechnical engineering investigation of claim 1, wherein: an avoiding hole (112) is formed in the outer wall of the fixing ring (11), and the avoiding hole (112) is communicated with the mounting groove (111); the second driving piece comprises a driving motor (21) and a driving gear (22) which is fixedly sleeved on an output shaft of the driving motor (21), the driving motor (21) is connected with the rack (1), and one side of the driving gear (22) is located in the avoiding hole (112) and is externally meshed with the first driven gear (23).

3. The drilling apparatus for geotechnical engineering investigation of claim 2, wherein: the fixing ring (11) is provided with a mounting ring (41) at the axis, and the fixing block (13) extends towards the axis of the fixing ring (11) and is connected with the outer wall of the mounting ring (41); the drill rod (5) is positioned at the axis of the mounting ring (41) and is in threaded connection with the mounting ring (41); the first driving piece comprises a transmission motor (4), and the transmission motor (4) is located on one side, far away from the ground, of the drill rod (5) and connected with the drill rod (5).

4. A boring device for geotechnical engineering investigation according to claim 3, wherein: the outer wall of the transmission motor (4) is hinged with a plurality of connecting rods (31), one side, far away from the ground, of the fixing ring (11) is connected with a plurality of sliding rails (32), the sliding rails (32) are connected with sliding blocks (33) in a sliding mode, and the sliding blocks (33) are hinged with the connecting rods (31); and a third driving piece for driving the sliding block (33) to slide is connected to the fixing ring (11).

5. A boring device for geotechnical engineering investigation according to claim 3, wherein: a drilling head (51) is arranged at the bottom of the drill rod (5), a liquid inlet hole (52) is formed in the drilling head (51), and a filter screen is connected to the liquid inlet hole (52); a liquid guide groove (53) is formed in one side, facing the drilling head (51), of the drill rod (5), and the liquid guide groove (53) is communicated with the liquid inlet hole (52); and a liquid outlet hole (54) is formed in the side wall of one end, facing the transmission motor (4), of the liquid guide groove (53).

6. The drilling apparatus for geotechnical engineering investigation of claim 5, wherein: a connector (55) is arranged at the liquid outlet hole (54), the connector (55) is positioned above the mounting ring (41), and the distance between the connector (55) and the mounting ring (41) is greater than the drilling depth; connector (55) department is connected with drain pipe (56), be connected with drawing liquid pump (57) on drain pipe (56).

7. A drilling process comprising a drilling rig for geotechnical engineering investigation according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein: the method comprises the following steps:

marking the preset positions of the exploration holes: a positioning sleeve (7) is placed at a preset position of the exploratory hole, and the positioning sleeve (7) comprises a first anchor ear and a second anchor ear which are connected;

positioning a drilling device: vertically inserting the drill rod (5) into the positioning sleeve (7), and then lifting the whole device along the axial direction of the positioning sleeve (7) until the support column (12) is positioned on the ground; subsequently detaching the positioning sleeve (7) and removing the positioning sleeve (7);

fixing a drilling device: the linkage mechanism (2) is started to drive each supporting leg (14) to descend in a linkage manner and be inserted into the ground;

drilling: the first driving piece drives the drill rod (5) to drill an exploration hole at a preset position of the exploration hole; if liquid exists in the exploration hole, a liquid pump (57) is started to discharge the liquid;

dismantling the drilling device: the drill rod (5) is driven to be separated from the exploratory hole, and the supporting leg (14) is driven to be separated from the ground and moved away from the drilling device, so that the subsequent drilling operation is facilitated.