CN114776229B - Water area CPTU test system and test method - Google Patents
Water area CPTU test system and test method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114776229B CN114776229B CN202210465376.4A CN202210465376A CN114776229B CN 114776229 B CN114776229 B CN 114776229B CN 202210465376 A CN202210465376 A CN 202210465376A CN 114776229 B CN114776229 B CN 114776229B
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 111
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 69
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 70
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 claims description 32
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 10
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- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 3
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- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B15/00—Supports for the drilling machine, e.g. derricks or masts
- E21B15/02—Supports for the drilling machine, e.g. derricks or masts specially adapted for underwater drilling
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
- E21B47/001—Survey of boreholes or wells for underwater installation
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B49/00—Testing the nature of borehole walls; Formation testing; Methods or apparatus for obtaining samples of soil or well fluids, specially adapted to earth drilling or wells
- E21B49/001—Testing the nature of borehole walls; Formation testing; Methods or apparatus for obtaining samples of soil or well fluids, specially adapted to earth drilling or wells specially adapted for underwater installations
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
- E21B7/12—Underwater drilling
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
- E21B7/20—Driving or forcing casings or pipes into boreholes, e.g. sinking; Simultaneously drilling and casing boreholes
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A90/00—Technologies having an indirect contribution to adaptation to climate change
- Y02A90/30—Assessment of water resources
Abstract
The application relates to a water area CPTU test system and a test method, comprising the following steps: the truss platform unit comprises a base box which is used for being located on a riverbed and can be firmly connected with the riverbed, a plurality of sections of trusses which are sequentially connected with each other are arranged at the top of the base box, and an exploration platform which is higher than the water surface by a set height is arranged at the top of the trusses; the CPTU test unit comprises a probe rod assembly penetrating into a river bed from the exploration platform downwards to a set depth and a geological drilling rig positioned at the top of the exploration platform and used for providing hole guiding and coring operation for the probe rod assembly; the cantilever platform unit comprises a ship body anchored in a water area and a construction platform which is assembled on one side of the ship body and extends to the outer side of the ship body, and a rectangular square frame for guiding and positioning for lowering the truss is arranged on the construction platform. The whole set of test system and the operation method have the remarkable advantages of large test depth, high test precision, high precision, modularized operation and good safety.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of pore-pressure static cone penetration test, in particular to a water area CPTU test system and a test method.
Background
With the vigorous development of the traffic infrastructure industry in China, more and more underwater deep-buried tunnels and oversized bridges are built beyond the river and the sea, and the construction difficulty of the underwater deep-buried tunnels and the oversized bridges is high, so that the requirements on fine investigation are high. The disturbance of traditional drilling sampling is great in the water area environment, and the difficulty of obtaining reliable rock-soil parameters through indoor tests is great.
Parameters such as cone tip resistance, sidewall friction resistance, pore water pressure and the like measured by a pore pressure static Cone Penetration Test (CPTU) can intuitively reflect the type of soil and the change condition of engineering properties, and the parameters have the advantages of extremely small disturbance to the soil, capability of obtaining continuous curves, high accuracy, good repeatability and the like, so that the method is widely applied to water engineering investigation.
However, in water areas with high water flow speed and frequent tidal changes, the problem of the piezocone penetration test is to build a stable and safe test platform so as to overcome the influence of water flow and tidal changes. In addition, engineering geological investigation of an underwater deep buried tunnel or a large-span bridge generally requires that the penetration test depth of CPTU reaches tens of meters or even hundreds of meters, and the conventional CPTU test method can have the problems of insufficient penetration reaction, overlarge inclination of a probe rod and the like along with the increase of the penetration depth, so that the test depth cannot meet the actual requirements of engineering investigation.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the application provides a water area CPTU test system and a test method, which are used for solving the problem that the penetration test depth of CPTU in the related technology cannot meet the actual requirement of engineering investigation.
An embodiment of the present application provides a water area CPTU test system, including:
the truss platform unit comprises a base box which is used for being located on a riverbed and can be firmly connected with the riverbed, a plurality of sections of trusses which are sequentially connected with each other are arranged at the top of the base box, and an exploration platform which is higher than a water surface by a set height is arranged at the top of the trusses;
the CPTU testing unit comprises a probe rod assembly penetrating into a river bed downwards from the exploration platform to a set depth and a geological drilling rig positioned at the top of the exploration platform for providing hole guiding and coring operation for the probe rod assembly;
the cantilever platform unit comprises a ship body anchored in a water area and a construction platform which is assembled on one side of the ship body and extends to the outer side of the ship body, and a rectangular square frame for guiding and positioning for truss descending is arranged on the construction platform.
In some embodiments: the construction platform comprises a bottom bracket and a flat plate paved at the top of the bottom bracket, one end of the bottom bracket is welded on a deck of the ship body, the other end of the bottom bracket is suspended outside the ship body, a rectangular square frame is formed on the bottom bracket and the flat plate, the truss is located in the rectangular square frame on the bottom bracket and the flat plate, and one end, far away from the ship body, of the bottom bracket is provided with an inclined strut connected with a ship board of the ship body.
In some embodiments: the bottom bracket comprises a plurality of channel steels which are arranged at two sides of the truss in parallel and at intervals, one end of each channel steel is welded on a deck of the ship body, the other end of each channel steel is suspended outside the ship body, a plurality of steel stiffening ribs which are used for connecting the channel steels into a whole are welded on the channel steels, and a plurality of high-strength steel pipes are welded at one ends of the channel steels far away from the ship body.
In some embodiments: the base box comprises a weight box located on the river bed and a weight body located in the weight box, a foot pile inserted into the river bed to a set depth is arranged at the bottom of the weight box, and a guide hole is formed in the center of the weight box;
the middle part of exploration platform has offered the mounting hole that penetrates probe rod subassembly, fixedly be equipped with the uide bushing of intercommunication guiding hole and mounting hole on the truss, uide bushing's axis, the axis of mounting hole and the axis collineation of guiding hole.
In some embodiments: the truss comprises four upright posts which are arranged in a rectangular manner, the tops and the bottoms of two adjacent upright posts are connected through transverse rods, and the two adjacent upright posts are connected through a first X-shaped diagonal rod;
the top and the bottom of four stand all are connected through second "X" shape diagonal bar, the top and the bottom of four stand all are equipped with the ring flange, guide sleeve's both ends are connected with the second "X" shape diagonal bar of the top and the bottom of four stand.
In some embodiments: the guide sleeve is internally provided with a plurality of auxiliary sleeves with diameters reduced in sequence, the probe rod assembly comprises a probe rod and a probe connected to the bottom of the probe rod, and the probe rod is positioned in the auxiliary sleeves;
the exploration platform is provided with a hydraulic loading system penetrating into the probe rod assembly downwards, and the hydraulic loading system penetrates into the probe rod to a set depth downwards through the clamp.
In some embodiments: the ship body is provided with a flexible constraint piece which is flexibly connected with the truss platform unit, the ship body is provided with an anchoring unit which is used for fixing the ship body in a set water area, and a deck of the ship body is provided with a shipborne crane which is used for hoisting the truss platform unit.
In some embodiments: the top of the exploration platform is provided with a drilling machine chute which is in sliding connection with the bottom of the geological drilling machine, and the top of the exploration platform is also provided with a CPTU penetration control system for acquiring detection data of the probe rod assembly.
In some embodiments: the ship body is also provided with an anti-rolling pipe which is used for seating the truss on the overhanging platform unit, and the anti-rolling pipe penetrates into the truss to support the truss on the overhanging platform unit.
A second aspect of the embodiments of the present application provides a method for testing a water area CPTU test system, where the method uses the water area CPTU test system described in any one of the foregoing embodiments, and the method includes the following steps:
driving the ship body to a preset CPTU test hole site and positioning, and anchoring by using an anchoring unit after positioning is completed so as to ensure that the position of the ship body is stable;
measuring the water depth of the CPTU test hole site to determine the assembly height of the truss, firmly bolting the base box and the first truss section through a flange plate, and using a shipborne crane to transport the base box and the truss combination to the CPTU test hole site;
the truss is located on the rectangular square frame by using the anti-rolling pipe, the rest truss is continuously connected with the height and lowered until the foot piles of the base box are inserted into the riverbed to locate the base box on the riverbed, and the splicing height of the truss is higher than the deck of the ship body by 0.5-3 m;
lifting the exploration platform to the top of the truss and connecting the exploration platform with the truss through a flange plate, wherein a guide hole of a base box, a guide sleeve of the truss and a mounting hole on the exploration platform are sequentially communicated to form a guide through hole;
connecting the truss with the hull by using a flexible constraint piece, measuring the verticality of the truss and the levelness of the exploration platform by using a level ruler, if the truss is not vertical, applying a tensile force to enable the truss to be vertical by using the flexible constraint piece, and adjusting the levelness of the exploration platform by increasing or decreasing a balancing weight on the exploration platform until the levelness of the exploration platform is adjusted;
hoisting a geological drilling rig to an exploration platform by using a ship-borne crane, sequentially pre-descending a plurality of auxiliary sleeves to a CPTU test hole site by using the geological drilling rig through a guide through hole, and sliding the geological drilling rig away from a mounting hole by using a drilling rig chute;
lifting a hydraulic loading system and a CPTU penetration control system of the CPTU test unit to an exploration platform, and lowering a probe rod assembly into an auxiliary sleeve by using a clamp of the hydraulic loading system to start a test;
stopping penetration and drilling the guide hole when penetration resistance of the probe rod assembly reaches a set value or the length of the probe rod below the auxiliary sleeves reaches the set value;
after stopping the penetration, hanging the CPTU test unit away from the CPTU test hole site, sliding the geological drilling rig to the installation hole by utilizing the chute of the drilling rig, pulling out a plurality of auxiliary sleeves, and then drilling a guide hole, wherein the depth of the guide hole does not exceed the penetration depth of the probe rod assembly, and the depth of the guide hole is more than 0.5m above the penetration depth;
after drilling the pilot hole, the geological drilling rig lowers a plurality of auxiliary sleeves, slides the geological drilling rig away from the mounting hole, then mounts the CPTU test unit, continues the test, reduces the lifting work of one auxiliary sleeve each time, and repeats the steps of penetrating and guiding the hole until reaching the CPTU test required depth;
after the test operation is completed, the CPTU test unit, the geological drilling rig and the truss platform unit are lifted to the deck of the ship body by utilizing the shipborne crane, the truss platform unit is disassembled from top to bottom and lifted to the deck of the ship body, and the next CPTU test hole site is tested.
The beneficial effects that technical scheme that this application provided brought include:
the embodiment of the application provides a water area CPTU test system and a test method, because the water area CPTU test system is provided with a truss platform unit, the truss platform unit comprises a base box which is used for being located on a river bed and can be firmly connected with the river bed, a plurality of sections of trusses which are sequentially connected with each other are arranged at the top of the base box, and an exploration platform which is higher than a water surface by a set height is arranged at the top of the trusses; the CPTU testing unit comprises a probe rod assembly penetrating into a river bed downwards from the exploration platform to a set depth and a geological drilling rig positioned at the top of the exploration platform for providing hole guiding operation for the probe rod assembly; and the cantilever platform unit comprises a construction platform which is assembled on one side of the ship body and extends to the outer side of the ship body, and a rectangular square frame for guiding and positioning for lowering the truss is arranged on the construction platform.
Therefore, the water area CPTU test system of the application firmly fixes the truss platform unit on the river bed through the base box, solves the problem that the exploration platform is unstable due to the influence of water flow and tide change, and greatly improves the safety guarantee of the water area CPTU test work. The truss is assembled in a modularized mode, the exploration platform can adapt to exploration water areas with different water levels by adjusting the truss assembling height, and the application range is wide. The CPTU test depth is greatly improved by drilling the pilot hole through the geological drilling rig, rock-soil parameters of deep soil under the riverbed can be obtained, the requirements of deep tunnels or bridge deep foundations in water areas are met, meanwhile, drilling coring data and the CPTU test parameters can be compared, a soil parameter evaluation system based on the CPTU is established, and the significance of guiding actual engineering by the CPTU test parameters is higher. The whole set of test system and operation method have the remarkable advantages of large test depth, high test precision, high precision, modularized operation and good safety.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings that are needed in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a top view of a structure of an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a left side view of the structure of an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a front view of a structure of an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a truss deck unit according to an embodiment of the present application.
Reference numerals:
1. a cantilever platform unit; 2. channel steel; 3. a flat plate; 4. a rectangular box; 5. high-strength steel pipes; 6. steel stiffening ribs; 7. diagonal bracing; 8. a base box; 9. truss; 10. an exploration platform; 11. a guide hole; 12. a column; 13. a guide sleeve; 14. a mounting hole; 15. a safety enclosure; 16. a flange plate; 17. a flexible restraint; 18. a hydraulic loading system; 19. a probe assembly; 20. CPTU penetration control system; 21. a clamp; 22. a probe rod; 23. a probe; 24. geological drilling rig; 25. a shipborne crane; 26. a hull; 27. balancing weight; 28. an auxiliary sleeve; 29. a drilling machine chute; 30. foot piles; 31. a weight box; 32. an anchoring unit; 33. and (5) rolling prevention pipes.
Detailed Description
For the purposes of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application more clear, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by one of ordinary skill in the art without undue burden from the present disclosure, are within the scope of the present application based on the embodiments herein.
The embodiment of the application provides a water area CPTU test system and a test method, which can solve the problem that the penetration test depth of CPTU in the related technology cannot meet the actual requirement of engineering investigation.
Referring to fig. 1 to 4, a first aspect of an embodiment of the present application provides a water area CPTU test system, including:
the truss platform unit comprises a base box 8 which is used for being located on a riverbed and stably connected with the riverbed, a plurality of sections of trusses 9 which are sequentially connected with each other are arranged at the top of the base box 8, and an exploration platform 10 which is higher than the water surface by a set height is arranged at the top of the trusses 9. A CPTU test unit comprising a probe assembly 19 penetrating a depth set down into a river bed from above the exploration platform 10, and a geological drilling rig 24 located at the top of the exploration platform 10 to provide a pilot coring operation for the probe assembly 19. The cantilever platform unit 1 comprises a ship body 26 anchored in a water area and a construction platform which is assembled on one side of the ship body 26 and extends to the outer side of the ship body 26, wherein a 2.35 multiplied by 3m rectangular square frame 4 for guiding and positioning the truss 9 is arranged on the construction platform.
According to the water area CPTU testing system, the truss platform unit is firmly fixed on the river bed through the base box 8, the problem that the exploration platform 10 is unstable due to the influence of water flow and tide changes is solved, and the safety guarantee of water area CPTU testing work is greatly improved. The truss 9 is assembled in a modularized manner, and the exploration platform 10 can adapt to exploration water areas with different water levels by adjusting the assembling height of the truss 9, so that the application range is wide.
The CPTU test depth is greatly improved by drilling the pilot hole through the geological drilling rig 24, rock-soil parameters of deep core samples below a riverbed can be obtained, the requirements of deep tunnels or deep foundations of bridges in water areas are met, meanwhile, drilling coring data and the CPTU test parameters can be compared, a soil body parameter evaluation system based on the CPTU is established, and the significance of guiding actual engineering by the CPTU test parameters is higher. The whole set of test system and operation method have the remarkable advantages of large test depth, high test precision, high precision, modularized operation and good safety.
In some alternative embodiments: referring to fig. 1 to 3, the embodiment of the present application provides a water area CPTU test system, the construction platform of which includes a bottom bracket and a flat plate 3 laid on top of the bottom bracket, one end of the bottom bracket is welded on the deck of a hull 26, and the other end of the bottom bracket is suspended outside the hull 26. Rectangular boxes 4 are formed on the bottom bracket and the flat plate 3, and trusses 9 are positioned within the rectangular boxes 4 on the bottom bracket and the flat plate 3. The bottom bracket is far away from the ship body 26 one end be equipped with the bracing 7 of being connected with the ship board of ship body 26, bracing 7 is in rectangle square frame 4 both sides symmetry arrangement, and bracing 7 welds on the bottom bracket of ship board and overhanging ship body 26, constitutes the triangle support for construction platform is more stable.
The bottom bracket specifically comprises a plurality of channel steels 2 which are arranged at two sides of the truss 9 in parallel at intervals, one end of each channel steel 2 is welded on the deck of the ship body 26, and the other end of each channel steel 2 is suspended outside the ship body 26. The steel stiffening ribs 6 for connecting the plurality of channel steels 2 into a whole are welded on the plurality of channel steels 2, the high-strength steel pipes 5 are welded at one ends of the plurality of channel steels 2 far away from the ship body 26, and the high-strength steel pipes 5 are used for restraining the trusses 9 and preventing the trusses 9 from toppling to the outer side areas. The base box 8 comprises a weight box 31 located on the river bed and a weight body located in the weight box 31, a foot pile 30 inserted into the river bed to a set depth is arranged at the bottom of the weight box 31, and a guide hole 11 with the diameter of 180mm is arranged in the center of the weight box 31.
The weight box 31 has a planar size of 3m×4m and a weight of usually 6 to 12 tons, and the weight can be dynamically increased or decreased according to the requirement of the in-situ penetration reaction force. The foot piles 30 are fixedly connected with the weight boxes 31, the height of the foot piles 30 is 2-3 m, and the foot piles 30 are inserted into a river bed. The size and weight of the weight box 31 can be dynamically adjusted according to the upper load and the actual requirement of the stability of the truss 9, and the length of the foot piles 30 and the depth of the foot piles inserted into the river bed can be adjusted according to the actual condition of the stratum of the river bed by comprehensively considering the requirement of the stability of the truss platform.
The middle part of exploration platform 10 has offered the diameter 180mm mounting hole 14 that penetrates probe rod subassembly 19, and the fixed guide sleeve 13 that is equipped with intercommunication guiding hole 11 and mounting hole 14 on the truss 9, the axis of guide sleeve 13, the axis of mounting hole 14 and the axis collineation of guiding hole 11. The probe rod assembly 19 penetrates into the mounting hole 14, the guide sleeve 13 and the guide hole 11 from the top of the exploration platform 10 in sequence and then vertically enters into soil body at the lower part of the river bed. A safety fence 15 having a height of 1.2m is provided on the exploration platform 10.
In some alternative embodiments: referring to fig. 4, the embodiment of the application provides a water area CPTU test system, wherein a truss 9 of the water area CPTU test system comprises four columns 12 with 127mm diameter arranged in a rectangular shape, the top and the bottom of two adjacent columns 12 are connected through a cross bar, and the two adjacent columns 12 are connected through a first 'X' -shaped diagonal bar. The top and the bottom of four stand columns 12 are all connected through second "X" shape diagonal bar, and the top and the bottom of four stand columns 12 all are equipped with ring flange 16, and the both ends of uide bushing 13 are connected with the second "X" shape diagonal bar of the top and the bottom of four stand columns 12, and uide bushing 13 is vertical to be located the central point of truss 9.
Truss 9 welds prefabrication in the mill, and truss 9 highly is at 1m ~ 4m inequality to make things convenient for according to factors such as scene depth of water, tidal change to assemble truss 9 dynamically, four stand 12, horizontal pole, first "X" shape diagonal bar and the second "X" shape diagonal bar of diameter 127mm form three-dimensional frame jointly, and guide sleeve 13 locates in the middle of the frame, and guide sleeve 13 both has been regarded as truss 9 and has supported the part of atress structure, also has been regarded as the penetration stand pipe of probe rod subassembly 19. Truss 9 is fixed in on the base box 8 surface through ring flange 16, can realize the detachable connection between base box 8, truss 9, exploration platform 10 and single truss 9 and the truss 9 through ring flange 16 bolt, both make things convenient for equipment prefabrication and transportation, also can be according to the high of the dynamic adjustment truss platform unit of depth of water to adapt to the operational environment of different depths of water.
The height of truss platform unit is assembled the number of piles through truss 9 and is adjusted, and prefabricated not co-altitude list festival truss 9 provides multiple combination of assembling for truss platform unit for this application can adapt to the operation waters of different degree of depth. The application comprehensively considers factors such as the stress safety of the truss 9 structure in successful implementation case experiences such as deep and medium channel investigation projects, north-edge river high-speed rail and Yangtze river water area investigation projects, changtai river bridge investigation projects and sea Tai river channel investigation projects, and the depth range of the applicable operation water area is about 2.0-50.0 m.
In some alternative embodiments: referring to fig. 1 to 3, the embodiment of the present application provides a water area CPTU test system, which is provided with a plurality of auxiliary sleeves 28 with sequentially reduced diameters in a guide sleeve 13, and a probe rod assembly 19 includes a probe rod 22 and a probe head 23 connected to the bottom of the probe rod 22, wherein the probe rod 22 is positioned in the auxiliary sleeves 28. The exploration platform 10 is provided with a hydraulic loading system 18 penetrating downwards into a probe rod assembly 19, and the hydraulic loading system 18 penetrates downwards into a set depth through a probe rod 22 and a probe head 23 through a clamp 21. The auxiliary sleeve 28 comprises a phi 146mm sleeve, a phi 127mm sleeve, a phi 110mm sleeve, a phi 91mm sleeve and a phi 55mm sleeve which are sleeved in the guide sleeve 13 in sequence, and the auxiliary sleeve 28 is positioned in the guide sleeve 13 and used for guiding and protecting the probe 22. The probe 22 adopts the guide protection of the multiple auxiliary sleeves 28, so that the excessive bending angle of the probe 22 during loading can be prevented, the penetrating angle can be controlled, and the impact of water flow on the probe 22 can be reduced or eliminated.
The top of the exploration platform 10 is provided with a drilling machine chute 29 which is in sliding connection with the bottom of the geological drilling machine 24, the top of the exploration platform 10 is also provided with a CPTU penetration control system 20 which collects detection data of the probe rod assembly 19, and a hydraulic loading system 18 is arranged on the exploration platform 10 and is used for pressurizing the probe rod assembly 19. The probe rod assembly 19 is clamped by the clamp 21 of the hydraulic loading system 18 and guided by the auxiliary sleeve 28 to ensure that the probe rod assembly 19 penetrates vertically into the soil; the CPTU penetration control system 20 is used for collecting real-time data transmitted by the probe assembly 19 to realize real-time transmission display of on-site detection data.
A geological drilling rig 24 is mounted on the exploration platform 10 for mounting auxiliary casing 28 and drilling pilot holes; the geological drilling rig 24 is matched with the guiding hole, so that the penetration depth is not influenced by stratum, the penetration depth is obviously increased, and the water area adaptability of the CPTU test technology is greatly improved. Before starting the test, the auxiliary casing 28 is installed in the guide casing 13 by the geological drilling rig 24 in advance, and the probe assembly 19 is lowered into the auxiliary casing 28 by the hydraulic loading system 18 for the test. As the test depth increases, pressurization should cease when the probe 22 tilts or bends too far; the probe rod assembly 19 is first pulled out and the hydraulic loading system 18 is then lifted off the survey platform 10 using the shipboard crane 25. The geological drilling rig 24 is slid to the position of the mounting hole 14 by utilizing the rig chute 29, the auxiliary sleeves 28 are pulled up one by one, and the geological drilling rig 24 begins to drill the pilot hole to the required depth by utilizing the drill rod.
In some alternative embodiments: referring to fig. 1 to 3, the embodiment of the present application provides a water area CPTU test system, in which a flexible restraint member 17 flexibly connected to a truss platform unit is provided on a hull 26 of the water area CPTU test system, an anchoring unit 32 for fixing the hull 26 to a set water area is provided on the hull 26, and a ship-borne crane 25 for lifting the truss platform unit is provided on a deck of the hull 26. The hull 26 is also provided with anti-roll pipes 33 for seating the truss 9 on the overhanging platform unit 1, the anti-roll pipes 33 penetrating the truss 9 to support the truss 9 on the overhanging platform unit 1.
The truss platform unit is firmly connected with the hull 26 through the flexible constraint piece 17 made of steel wire ropes and the like, the supporting truss 9 can be inclined when tide fluctuates, the flexible constraint piece 17 is arranged, reverse pulling force can be provided, truss stress can be adjusted manually, the truss 9 is firmly ensured, and the lack of dynamic adjustability of the rigid constraint piece can be overcome. CPTU test holes and the hull 26 are precisely positioned by GPS RTKs, and truss platform units are stabilized by throwing away the hull 26 in a'm' -shape, so that no anchor running occurs. The base box 8 and the truss 9 are sunk by the shipborne crane 25, so that the base box 8 is ensured to be stably seated in a riverbed, and the truss 9 above the water surface is connected with the ship body by adopting the flexible constraint piece 17, so that the truss 9 is prevented from being unstable. The truss platform unit adopts a comprehensive weight mode of bottom load, truss dead weight and platform weight, the counter-force weight can be increased, and the maximum 30 ton load can be provided.
Referring to fig. 1 to 4, a second aspect of the embodiments of the present application provides a method for testing a water area CPTU test system, where the method uses the water area CPTU test system according to any one of the embodiments, and the method includes the following steps:
and step 1, the ship body 26 is driven to a preset CPTU test hole site and positioned, and the anchoring unit 32 is used for anchoring after the positioning is finished, so that the position stability of the ship body 26 is ensured.
And 2, measuring the water depth at the CPTU test hole site to determine the assembly height of the truss 9, firmly bolting the base box 8 and the first truss section 9 through a flange 16, and using the shipborne crane 25 to assemble and transport the base box 8 and the truss section 9 to the CPTU test hole site.
And 3, locating the trusses 9 on the rectangular square frame 4 by using the anti-rolling pipes 33, continuing to heighten and lower the rest trusses 9 until the footpiles 30 of the foundation box 8 are inserted into the riverbed to locate the foundation box 8 on the riverbed, and splicing the trusses 9 to enable the exploration platform 10 to be 0.5-3 m higher than the deck of the ship body 26.
And 4, lifting the exploration platform 10 to the top of the truss 9 and connecting the exploration platform with the truss 9 through the flange 16, wherein the guide hole 11 of the base box 8, the guide sleeve 13 of the truss 9 and the mounting hole 14 on the exploration platform 10 are sequentially communicated to form a guide through hole, and the probe rod assembly 19, the drill rod of the geological drilling rig 24 and the like are accurately positioned through the guide through hole.
And 5, connecting the truss 9 with the ship body 26 by using the flexible constraint piece 17, measuring the verticality of the truss 9 and the levelness of the exploration platform 10 by using the level ruler, and if the truss 9 is not vertical, applying a tensile force to enable the truss 9 to be vertical by using the flexible constraint piece 17, wherein the levelness of the exploration platform 10 can be adjusted by increasing or decreasing the balancing weight 27 on the exploration platform until the level of the exploration platform 10 is adjusted.
And 6, hoisting the geological drilling rig 24 to the exploration platform 10 by using the shipboard crane 25, sequentially pre-lowering a plurality of auxiliary sleeves 28 to the CPTU test hole site by using the geological drilling rig 24 through the guide through holes, and sliding the geological drilling rig 24 away from the mounting hole 14 by using the rig chute 29.
And 7, hoisting the hydraulic loading system 18 and the CPTU penetration control system 20 of the CPTU test unit to the exploration platform 10 by using the shipboard crane 25, and lowering the probe rod assembly 19 into the auxiliary sleeve 28 by using the clamp 21 of the hydraulic loading system 18 to start the test.
And 8, checking the water depth every 20 minutes in each pressurizing process so as to correct the pore water pressure in the later data processing, increasing the side friction resistance and the end resistance of the probe rod 22 along with the increase of the testing depth, and stopping penetrating and drilling the hole when the penetrating resistance of the probe rod assembly 19 reaches a set value or the length of the probe rod 22 below the auxiliary sleeves 28 reaches a set value.
And 9, after stopping penetration, hanging the CPTU test unit away from the CPTU test hole site, sliding the geological drilling rig 24 to the installation hole 14 by utilizing the rig chute 29, pulling out the plurality of auxiliary sleeves 28 by the geological drilling rig 24, and then drilling a guide hole, wherein the depth of the guide hole does not exceed the penetration depth of the probe rod assembly 19 in order to ensure the integrity of static detection data, and the depth of the guide hole is more than 0.5m above the penetration depth.
After the hole is drilled, the geological drilling rig 24 lowers a plurality of auxiliary sleeves 28, the geological drilling rig 24 slides away from the installation hole 14, then a CPTU test unit is installed, the test is continued, the lifting operation of one auxiliary sleeve 28 can be reduced each time the hole is drilled, and the steps of penetrating and hole guiding are repeated until the depth required by the CPTU test is reached.
And 11, after the test operation is finished, hoisting the CPTU test unit and the geological drilling rig 24 to the deck of the hull 26 by using the shipborne crane 25, dismantling the truss platform unit from top to bottom, hoisting the truss platform unit to the deck of the hull 26, and carrying out the next CPTU test hole site test.
In the description of the present application, it should be noted that the azimuth or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", etc. are based on the azimuth or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are merely for convenience of description of the present application and simplification of the description, and are not indicative or implying that the apparatus or element in question must have a specific azimuth, be configured and operated in a specific azimuth, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present application. Unless specifically stated or limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "coupled" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the terms in this application will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art as the case may be.
It should be noted that in this application, relational terms such as "first" and "second" and the like are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
The foregoing is merely a specific embodiment of the application to enable one skilled in the art to understand or practice the application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the application. Thus, the present application is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (5)
1. A water area CPTU test system, comprising:
the system comprises a truss platform unit, wherein the truss platform unit comprises a base box (8) which is used for being located on a riverbed and can be firmly connected with the riverbed, a plurality of sections of trusses (9) which are sequentially connected with each other are arranged at the top of the base box (8), and an exploration platform (10) which is higher than a water surface by a set height is arranged at the top of the trusses (9);
the CPTU testing unit comprises a probe rod assembly (19) penetrating a river bed from the top of the exploration platform (10) downwards to a set depth, and a geological drilling rig (24) positioned at the top of the exploration platform (10) for providing hole guiding and coring operation for the probe rod assembly (19);
the cantilever platform unit (1), the cantilever platform unit (1) comprises a ship body (26) anchored in a water area and a construction platform which is arranged on one side of the ship body (26) in a group mode and extends to the outer side of the ship body (26), and a rectangular square frame (4) for guiding and positioning for lowering the truss (9) is arranged on the construction platform;
the construction platform comprises a bottom bracket and a flat plate (3) paved on the top of the bottom bracket, one end of the bottom bracket is welded on a deck of the ship body (26), and the other end of the bottom bracket is suspended outside the ship body (26);
the rectangular square frame (4) is formed on the bottom bracket and the flat plate (3), the truss (9) is positioned in the rectangular square frame (4) on the bottom bracket and the flat plate (3), and one end of the bottom bracket, which is far away from the hull (26), is provided with an inclined strut (7) connected with the shipboard of the hull (26);
the bottom bracket comprises a plurality of channel steels (2) which are arranged at two sides of a truss (9) in parallel at intervals, one end of each channel steel (2) is welded on a deck of a ship body (26), the other end of each channel steel (2) is suspended outside the ship body (26), a plurality of steel stiffening ribs (6) which are used for connecting the channel steels (2) into a whole are welded on each channel steel (2), and a plurality of high-strength steel pipes (5) are welded at one ends, far away from the ship body (26), of the channel steels (2);
the base box (8) comprises a weight box (31) located on a river bed and a weight body located in the weight box (31), a foot pile (30) inserted into the river bed to a set depth is arranged at the bottom of the weight box (31), and a guide hole (11) is formed in the center of the weight box (31);
the middle part of the exploration platform (10) is provided with a mounting hole (14) penetrating into a probe rod assembly (19), the truss (9) is fixedly provided with a guide sleeve (13) communicated with the guide hole (11) and the mounting hole (14), and the axis of the guide sleeve (13) and the axis of the mounting hole (14) are collinear with the axis of the guide hole (11);
the truss (9) comprises four upright posts (12) which are arranged in a rectangular manner, the tops and the bottoms of two adjacent upright posts (12) are connected through transverse rods, and the two adjacent upright posts (12) are connected through first X-shaped diagonal rods;
the tops and bottoms of the four upright posts (12) are connected through second X-shaped inclined rods, flange plates (16) are arranged at the tops and bottoms of the four upright posts (12), and two ends of the guide sleeve (13) are connected with the second X-shaped inclined rods at the tops and bottoms of the four upright posts (12);
a plurality of auxiliary sleeves (28) with diameters reduced in sequence are arranged in the guide sleeve (13), the probe rod assembly (19) comprises a probe rod (22) and a probe (23) connected to the bottom of the probe rod (22), and the probe rod (22) is positioned in the auxiliary sleeves (28);
the exploration platform (10) is provided with a hydraulic loading system (18) penetrating into a probe rod assembly (19) downwards, and the hydraulic loading system (18) penetrates into a probe rod (22) to a set depth downwards through a clamp (21);
and the geological drilling rig (24) is used for drilling a pilot hole to obtain rock-soil parameters of a deep core sample under a riverbed, drilling coring data are compared with CPTU test parameters, a soil body parameter evaluation system based on CPTU is established, and the auxiliary sleeve (28) comprises a phi 146mm sleeve, a phi 127mm sleeve, a phi 110mm sleeve, a phi 91mm sleeve and a phi 55mm sleeve which are sleeved in the guide sleeve (13) in sequence.
2. The water CPTU testing system according to claim 1, wherein:
the ship body (26) is provided with a flexible restraint piece (17) flexibly connected with the truss platform unit, the ship body (26) is provided with an anchoring unit (32) for fixing the ship body (26) in a set water area, and a ship-mounted crane (25) for hoisting the truss platform unit is arranged on a deck of the ship body (26).
3. The water CPTU testing system according to claim 1, wherein:
the top of exploration platform (10) is equipped with rig spout (29) with the bottom sliding connection of geological drilling rig (24), the top of exploration platform (10) still is equipped with CPTU penetration control system (20) of gathering probe rod subassembly (19) detection data.
4. The water CPTU testing system according to claim 1, wherein:
the ship body (26) is further provided with an anti-rolling pipe (33) for seating the truss (9) on the overhanging platform unit (1), and the anti-rolling pipe (33) penetrates into the truss (9) to support the truss (9) on the overhanging platform unit (1).
5. A method of testing a water area CPTU testing system, the method using the water area CPTU testing system of any one of claims 1 to 4, the method comprising the steps of:
running the ship body (26) to a preset CPTU test hole site and positioning, and anchoring by using an anchoring unit (32) after positioning is completed so as to ensure that the position of the ship body (26) is stable;
the water depth at the CPTU test hole site is measured to determine the assembling height of the truss (9), the base box (8) and the first truss (9) are firmly bolted through the flange plate (16), and the combination of the base box (8) and the truss (9) is transported to the CPTU test hole site by utilizing the shipborne crane (25);
the truss (9) is located on the rectangular square frame (4) by using the anti-rolling pipe (33), and the rest truss (9) is continuously connected to the height and lowered until the foot piles (30) of the foundation box (8) are inserted into the riverbed to locate the foundation box (8) on the riverbed, and the splicing height of the truss (9) is higher than the deck of the ship body (26) by 0.5-3 m;
lifting the exploration platform (10) to the top of the truss (9) and connecting the exploration platform with the truss (9) through a flange plate (16), wherein a guide hole (11) of the base box (8), a guide sleeve (13) of the truss (9) and a mounting hole (14) on the exploration platform (10) are sequentially communicated to form a guide through hole;
connecting the truss (9) with the ship body (26) by using a flexible restraint (17), and using the verticality of the truss (9) and the levelness of the exploration platform (10) by using the level gauge, if the truss (9) is not vertical, applying a tensile force to enable the truss (9) to be vertical by using the flexible restraint (17), wherein the levelness of the exploration platform (10) can be adjusted by increasing or decreasing the balancing weight (27) on the exploration platform (10) until the exploration platform (10) is adjusted to be horizontal;
hoisting a geological drilling rig (24) to an exploration platform (10) by using a ship-borne crane (25), sequentially pre-descending a plurality of auxiliary sleeves (28) to CPTU test hole sites by using the geological drilling rig (24) through guide through holes, and sliding the geological drilling rig (24) away from the mounting holes (14) by using a rig chute (29);
lifting a hydraulic loading system (18) and a CPTU penetration control system of a CPTU test unit onto an exploration platform (10) by using a shipborne crane (25), and lowering a probe rod assembly (19) into an auxiliary sleeve (28) by using a clamp (21) of the hydraulic loading system (18) to start a test;
stopping penetration and drilling the hole when the penetration resistance of the probe rod assembly (19) reaches a set value or the length of the probe rod (22) below the auxiliary sleeves (28) reaches a set value;
after stopping the penetration, hanging the CPTU test unit away from the CPTU test hole site, sliding the geological drilling rig (24) to the installation hole (14) by utilizing the rig chute (29), pulling out a plurality of auxiliary sleeves (28), and then drilling a hole, wherein the depth of the hole does not exceed the penetration depth of the probe rod assembly (19);
after drilling the pilot hole, the geological drilling rig (24) lowers a plurality of auxiliary sleeves (28), the geological drilling rig (24) is slid away from the mounting hole (14), then a CPTU test unit is mounted, the test is continued, the downward operation of one auxiliary sleeve (28) can be reduced for each pilot hole, and the steps of penetrating and pilot holes are repeated until the CPTU test requirement depth is reached;
after the test operation is finished, the CPTU test unit, the geological drilling rig (24) and the truss platform unit are lifted to the deck of the ship body (26) by utilizing the shipborne crane (25), the truss platform unit is disassembled from top to bottom and lifted to the deck of the ship body (26), and the next CPTU test hole site is tested.
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