CN114718455A - Geotechnical engineering investigation is with intelligent probing device who has sample collection function - Google Patents
Geotechnical engineering investigation is with intelligent probing device who has sample collection function Download PDFInfo
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- CN114718455A CN114718455A CN202210360723.7A CN202210360723A CN114718455A CN 114718455 A CN114718455 A CN 114718455A CN 202210360723 A CN202210360723 A CN 202210360723A CN 114718455 A CN114718455 A CN 114718455A
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- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 92
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 65
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 49
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 abstract description 43
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 18
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 18
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 18
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 11
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000036961 partial effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000029058 respiratory gaseous exchange Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012876 topography Methods 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
- E21B7/04—Directional drilling
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B12/00—Accessories for drilling tools
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B49/00—Testing the nature of borehole walls; Formation testing; Methods or apparatus for obtaining samples of soil or well fluids, specially adapted to earth drilling or wells
- E21B49/02—Testing the nature of borehole walls; Formation testing; Methods or apparatus for obtaining samples of soil or well fluids, specially adapted to earth drilling or wells by mechanically taking samples of the soil
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A90/00—Technologies having an indirect contribution to adaptation to climate change
- Y02A90/30—Assessment of water resources
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- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
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- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the field of geological exploration, in particular to an intelligent drilling device with a sample collecting function for geotechnical engineering exploration. The method aims to solve the technical problems that drilling and sampling can not be carried out synchronously, if the side wall of a drilled hole collapses, the layering effect of a taken sample is poor, and representativeness of different depths of the sample is damaged. The invention provides a drilling device with a sample collecting function for geotechnical engineering investigation, which comprises a ground drilling unit, a sample collecting unit and the like; the inside of the earth-boring unit is connected with a sample collection unit. The collecting pipe that is equipped with tiny collection sample in the inside of drilling rod, vacuum generator produces the low pressure in the inside of collecting pipe, makes that ground powder is even inside being inhaled the collecting pipe, and the speed and the time of boring under the control drill bit of infrared distance measuring probe during, the different degree of depth ground sample distribution state of guaranteeing to collect in the collecting pipe is close with real different degree of depth ground sample depth distribution state mutually.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of geological exploration, in particular to an intelligent drilling device with a sample collecting function for geotechnical engineering exploration.
Background
The geotechnical engineering investigation refers to finding out, analyzing and evaluating geological and environmental characteristics and possessed geotechnical engineering conditions of a target construction site according to requirements of construction engineering, wherein distributed investigation work is required to be carried out on a plurality of sampling sites of the same field area by the geotechnical investigation work to obtain an underground geotechnical distribution state diagram of the target construction site, and natural conditions such as underground topography, landform and hydrology of a construction area are analyzed from the underground geotechnical distribution state diagram to help construction planning in a later period.
When carrying out ground investigation work to the target construction place, need successively to the sample site in target construction place bore hole and sample work successively, because the drilling rod is boring the deep in-process in stratum, receive high-speed rotatory drilling rod interference, bore hole and sample work can not go on in step to after accomplishing the work of boring, when carrying out sample work, if the hole lateral wall that drills out takes place the phenomenon of collapsing, make the ground of the different degree of depth appear mixing, will lead to the sample layering effect of taking out relatively poor, the representativeness of its different degree of depth is destroyed, will lead to the work progress of ground investigation work slowly finally, and make ground degree of depth distribution result data that ground investigation work obtained and ground degree of depth distribution true data great deviation appear.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a drilling device with a sample collecting function for geotechnical engineering investigation, aiming at overcoming the defects that drilling and sampling work cannot be carried out synchronously, if the side wall of a drilled hole collapses, the taken sample has poor layering effect, representatives of different depths are damaged, the working process of geotechnical investigation work is slow, and the result data and the real data have larger deviation.
The technical implementation scheme of the invention is as follows: the utility model provides a geotechnical engineering reconnaissance is with intelligent probing device that has sample collection function, including boring ground unit, the sample collection unit, grinding unit, the main support, the lifting unit, driving motor, vacuum generator and bottom support, the upside of main support is connected with lifting unit, lifting unit's middle part rigid coupling has driving motor, the front side rigid coupling of main support has vacuum generator, the downside rigid coupling of main support has bottom support, lifting unit's downside is connected with the boring ground unit who drills into the ground depths, driving motor's output shaft bores ground unit, the inboard of boring ground unit is connected with the sample collection unit of boring ground in-process synchronous collection sample, vacuum generator passes through breathing pipe and connects the sample collection unit, the downside that bores ground unit is connected with the grinding unit who smashes and collect the sample, the sample collection unit is connected grinding unit.
More preferably, the earth-boring unit comprises a first spur gear, a first fixed frame, a bushing, a first rod sleeve and a second spur gear, the drilling rod, the connecting block, drill bit and second rod cover, driving motor's output shaft rigid coupling has first straight-tooth gear, each rigid coupling of left part and the right part of downside of lifting unit downside has a first mount, the rigid coupling has the bush between two first mounts, the inboard rotation of bush is connected with first rod cover, the upside rigid coupling of first rod cover has the second straight-tooth gear, first straight-tooth gear meshes with the second straight-tooth gear, the inboard rigid coupling of first rod cover has the drilling rod, the lower extreme rigid coupling of drilling rod has the connecting block, the lower extreme of connecting block has the drill bit through the screw thread rigid coupling, the inboard rotation of bottom bracket is connected with the second rod cover, the downside sliding connection second rod cover of drilling rod, first mount, sample collecting unit is all connected to drilling rod and connecting block, the grinding unit is connected to the connecting block.
More preferably, the outer surface of the drill rod is provided with a plurality of reinforcing rib structures.
More preferably, the sample collection unit is including the second mount, the sleeve pipe, the collecting pipe, the gas-supply pipe, the suction hood, gas filter plate and infrared range finding probe, each rigid coupling of front side of two first mounts has a second mount, the rigid coupling has the sleeve pipe between two second mounts, the sheathed tube upside rotates and connects the drilling rod, the sheathed tube downside passes through slider structure sliding connection connecting block, sheathed tube inboard is pegged graft respectively through first slider has two collecting pipes, the grinding unit is all connected to sleeve pipe and collecting pipe, contact between two collecting pipes, the lower extreme switch-on of breathing pipe has the gas-supply pipe, the lower extreme switch-on of gas-supply pipe has the suction hood, the downside rigid coupling of suction hood has gas filter plate, gas filter plate is two collecting pipes of sliding connection respectively through two second sliders, two second slider downside of gas filter plate respectively are connected with an infrared range finding probe.
More preferably, the grinding unit is including advancing the appearance pipe, the annular cover, the push pedal, third mount and grinding unit, the inside switch-on that encircles the connecting block has a plurality of to advance the appearance pipe, the inboard rigid coupling of connecting block has the annular cover, the annular cover of slider structure sliding connection is passed through to the sheathed tube lower extreme, the inboard rigid coupling that encircles the annular cover has a plurality of push pedal, it has the third mount to peg graft between the lower extreme of two collecting pipes, the downside of third mount is connected with grinding unit, grinding unit connects the connecting block.
More preferably, each sampling pipe is in a curved arc structure which spirally rises from the outer side of the connecting block to the inner side of the connecting block.
More preferably, the grinding assembly comprises a circular truncated cone, an annular sliding block and a lower grinding plate, the circular truncated cone is fixedly connected to the lower side of the third fixing frame, the annular sliding block is fixedly connected to the lower side of the circular truncated cone, the annular sliding block is connected with the connecting block in a sliding mode, the upper surface of the circular truncated cone is fixedly connected with the lower grinding plate in a surrounding mode, and each push plate is tightly attached to one lower grinding plate.
More preferably, the inner surface of the annular sleeve and the outer surface of the circular truncated cone are in a tapered structure with a narrowed upper side and a widened lower side.
More preferably, each push plate is of an inclined configuration from the outside of the annular sleeve to the inside of the annular sleeve in an upward direction.
More preferably, still including supplementary sampling unit, be equipped with supplementary sampling unit on the connecting block, supplementary sampling unit is including spring telescopic link, arc mounting panel and outside mill board, and the surface rigid coupling that encircles the connecting block has a plurality of spring telescopic link, and each rigid coupling has an arc mounting panel between two adjacent spring telescopic link outer ends, and each rigid coupling of surface of every arc mounting panel has a plurality of outside mill board.
The invention also provides a drilling method with a sample collecting function for geotechnical engineering investigation, which adopts the drilling device and comprises the following steps:
an output shaft of a driving motor drives a first straight gear to rotate, the first straight gear is meshed with a second straight gear to drive a first rod sleeve and a drill rod to rotate at a high speed, meanwhile, a lifting component drives a first fixing frame to move downwards slowly, so that the drill rod drives a drill bit to rotate at a high speed and move downwards simultaneously, the first fixing frame drives the drill rod and the drill bit to cling to the ground surface to drill downwards slowly, longitudinal drilling work is conducted on the stratum, the drill rod slides downwards along the second rod sleeve, the drill rod is guided by the second rod sleeve, and severe shaking of the drill rod during drilling downwards is avoided, so that the phenomenon of large-area rock collapse of the side wall of a drilled cave is avoided;
the two collecting pipes are spliced to form a complete collecting sleeve, and during the drilling of the drill rod, the vacuum generator performs air extraction work on the inside of the collecting sleeve through the air suction pipe, the air delivery pipe and the air extraction cover, so that the inside of the collecting sleeve is kept in a low-pressure state, and meanwhile, the infrared distance measuring probe is kept in an open state;
during the period that the drill rod continuously penetrates into the stratum along with the drill bit, the drill bit rotating at a high speed continuously crushes rock soil to obtain rock soil powder, the drill rod drives the connecting block to rotate, the connecting block drives the sample injection pipe to rotate at a high speed, the sample injection pipe simultaneously captures small-size rock soil powder floating on the periphery of the drill rod, so that the rock soil powder entering the sample injection pipe is applied with upward inclined thrust in the rotation process of the sample injection pipe and is sucked and taken down by the collecting sleeve pipe in a low-pressure state and enters between the annular sleeve and the circular table along the sample injection pipe, the connecting block drives the annular sleeve to rotate at a high speed, the annular sleeve applies upward inclined thrust to the rock soil powder between the annular sleeve and the circular table through the push plate, and the rock soil powder between the annular sleeve and the circular table moves upwards along the push plate to enter the inside of the collecting sleeve pipe under the low-pressure state, and continuously penetrates into the stratum along with the drill bit, the drill pipe drives the sleeve and the collecting sleeve to slide downwards, the collecting sleeve moves downwards along the static gas filter plate, so that the space between the gas filter plate and the circular table is gradually expanded, and the rock-soil powder is continuously filled between the gas filter plate and the circular table under the suction of negative pressure in the collecting sleeve, so that the sampling work of the rock-soil powder is completed, and the synchronous operation of the drilling work and the sampling work is realized;
after the rock-soil powder enters between the annular sleeve and the circular truncated cone, the annular sleeve drives the push plate to rotate at a high speed, the push plate is matched with the lower grinding plate to grind the rock-soil powder, and then the rock-soil powder is continuously filled between the air filter plate and the circular truncated cone under the suction of negative pressure inside the collecting sleeve, so that the rock-soil powder is ground into rock-soil samples with uniform size, and the filling uniformity of the rock-soil samples in the collecting sleeve is improved;
when the collecting sleeve sucks the rock-soil powder, the infrared distance measuring probe keeps detecting the height of the rock-soil powder sucked into the collecting sleeve, the space between the air filter plate and the circular table is continuously expanded along with the continuous downward extension of the drill rod into the stratum, when the infrared distance measuring probe detects that the distance between the rock-soil sample filled in the collecting sleeve and the air filter plate is longer and longer, the drilling speed of the drill rod is too high, the rock-soil powder cannot reach the space expanded between the air filter plate and the circular table, at the moment, the lifting part is required to reduce the speed for driving the first fixing frame to move downwards until the speed for filling the rock-soil powder between the air filter plate and the circular table is reached, the speed for expanding the space between the air filter plate and the circular table is followed, when the infrared distance measuring probe detects that the distance between the rock-soil sample filled in the collecting sleeve and the air filter plate is too close, the suction force of the rock-soil collecting sleeve on the rock-soil powder is too high, at the moment, the vacuum generator reduces the intensity of air extraction work on the interior of the collecting sleeve, so that the pressure in the collecting sleeve is increased, a normal distance is kept between the rock soil samples filled in the collecting sleeve and the air filter plate, and the condition that the interior of the collecting sleeve cannot generate a normal negative pressure state due to the fact that a large number of rock soil samples are gathered below the air filter plate is avoided;
finally, drilling work and sampling work are carried out synchronously, after the drilling work and the sampling work are finished, the driving motor and the vacuum generator stop rotating, the first fixing frame is driven by the lifting component to reset slowly upwards, the drill rod and the drill bit are enabled to leave the stratum upwards, an operator can pull out the collecting sleeve from the sleeve, the two collecting pipes are separated in a transverse state, collected samples are displayed in the collecting pipes located below, the samples displayed in the collecting pipes are guaranteed to have good layering effect, representativeness of different depths of the samples is enabled not to be damaged, and when the working efficiency of the rock and soil exploration work is improved, deviation between result data and real data is reduced.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that a tiny collecting pipe for collecting samples is arranged in the drill rod, the sampling pipe arranged between the drill rod and the drill bit captures the rock-soil powder crushed by the drill bit in the process of high-speed rotation during the period that the drill rod continuously goes deep into the stratum along with the drill bit, meanwhile, a vacuum generator generates low pressure in the collecting pipe, the rock-soil powder captured by the sampling pipe is pushed into the collecting pipe by a push plate, before the rock-soil powder enters the collecting pipe, the rock-soil powder is ground by the push plate and a lower grinding plate, the rock-soil powder entering the collecting pipe is ground into the rock-soil samples with uniform size, the filling uniformity of the rock-soil samples in the collecting pipe is improved, the collecting pipe collects the rock-soil samples with the same depth in real time when the drill bit performs drilling work, and the sample depth collected in the collecting pipe is detected by an infrared distance measuring probe during the period, by controlling the speed and time of the drill bit during drilling, the distribution states of rock and soil samples collected at different depths in the collecting pipe are close to the real depth distribution states of the rock and soil samples at different depths, the synchronous drilling and sampling work is realized, the samples taken out are guaranteed to have good layering effect, representativeness of different depths of the samples are not damaged, and the deviation between result data and real data is reduced while the working efficiency of the rock and soil exploration work is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a partial cross-sectional view of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a schematic perspective view of the earth-boring unit of the present application;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a first partial perspective view of an earth-boring unit of the present application;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a second partial perspective view of the earth-boring unit of the present application;
FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of region V of the present application;
FIG. 7 is an exploded view of the sample collection unit of the present application;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a partial perspective view of a sample collection unit of the present application;
FIG. 9 is a schematic perspective view of a polishing unit of the present application;
FIG. 10 is a schematic partial perspective view of a polishing unit of the present application;
fig. 11 is a schematic perspective view of an auxiliary sampling unit according to the present application;
fig. 12 is a partial cross-sectional view of an auxiliary sampling unit according to the present application.
Wherein the figures include the following reference numerals: 1-a main support, 2-a lifting component, 3-a driving motor, 4-a vacuum generator, 41-an air suction pipe, 5-a bottom support, 101-a first straight gear, 102-a first fixing frame, 103-a bushing, 104-a first rod sleeve, 105-a second straight gear, 106-a drill rod, 107-a connecting block, 108-a drill bit, 109-a second rod sleeve, 201-a second fixing frame, 202-a sleeve, 203-a collecting pipe, 2031-a first sliding block, 204-an air conveying pipe, 205-an air exhaust cover, 206-an air filter plate, 2061-a second sliding block, 207-an infrared distance measuring probe, 301-a sample inlet pipe, 302-an annular sleeve, 303-a push plate, 304-a third fixing frame, 305-a circular table and 306-an annular sliding block, 307-lower grinding plate, 401-spring telescopic rod, 402-arc mounting plate, 403-external grinding plate.
Detailed Description
It is to be noted that, in the case of the different described embodiments, identical components are provided with the same reference numerals or the same component names, wherein the disclosure contained in the entire description can be transferred to identical components having the same reference numerals or the same component names in a meaningful manner. The positional references selected in the description, such as upper, lower, lateral, etc., refer also to the directly described and illustrated figures and are to be read into the new position in the sense of a change in position.
The lifting member 2 used in the embodiment of the present invention is a slider type hydraulic lifter.
Example 1
A drilling rig with a sample collecting function for geotechnical engineering investigation is shown in figures 1-10 and comprises a drilling unit, a sample collecting unit, a grinding unit, a main bracket 1, a lifting component 2, a driving motor 3, a vacuum generator 4 and a bottom bracket 5; the upper side of the main bracket 1 is connected with a lifting component 2; the middle part of the lifting part 2 is fixedly connected with a driving motor 3; a vacuum generator 4 is fixedly connected to the front side of the main bracket 1; a bottom bracket 5 is fixedly connected with the lower side of the main bracket 1; the lower side of the lifting component 2 is connected with a ground drilling unit; the output shaft of the driving motor 3 is connected with a ground drilling unit; the inner side of the ground drilling unit is connected with a sample collecting unit; the vacuum generator 4 is connected to the sample collection unit through the suction duct 41; the lower side of the ground drilling unit is connected with a grinding unit; the sample collection unit is connected with the grinding unit.
As shown in fig. 3-5, the earth-boring unit comprises a first spur gear 101, a first fixing frame 102, a bushing 103, a first rod sleeve 104, a second spur gear 105, a drill rod 106, a connecting block 107, a drill bit 108 and a second rod sleeve 109; a first straight gear 101 is fixedly connected with an output shaft of the driving motor 3; the left part and the right part of the lower side of the lifting component 2 are respectively connected with a first fixing frame 102 through bolts; a bushing 103 is welded between the two first fixing frames 102; a first rod sleeve 104 is rotatably connected to the inner side of the bushing 103; a second spur gear 105 is fixedly connected to the upper side of the first rod sleeve 104; the first spur gear 101 is meshed with the second spur gear 105; a drill rod 106 is fixedly connected to the inner side of the first rod sleeve 104; the lower end of the drill rod 106 is fixedly connected with a connecting block 107; the outer surface of the drill rod 106 is provided with a plurality of reinforcing rib structures; the lower end of the connecting block 107 is fixedly connected with a drill bit 108 through threads; the inner side of the bottom bracket 5 is rotatably connected with a second rod sleeve 109; the lower side of the drill rod 106 is connected with a second rod sleeve 109 in a sliding way; the first fixing frame 102, the drill rod 106 and the connecting block 107 are all connected with a sample collecting unit; the connection block 107 is connected to the grinding unit.
As shown in fig. 4, 6 and 9, the sample collecting unit comprises a second fixing frame 201, a sleeve 202, a collecting pipe 203, an air conveying pipe 204, an air suction hood 205, an air filter 206 and an infrared distance measuring probe 207; the front sides of the two first fixing frames 102 are respectively connected with a second fixing frame 201 through bolts; a sleeve 202 is fixedly connected between the two second fixing frames 201; the upper side of the sleeve 202 is rotatably connected with the drill rod 106; the lower side of the sleeve 202 is connected with the connecting block 107 in a sliding manner through a sliding block structure; two collecting pipes 203 are respectively inserted into the inner side of the sleeve 202 through a first sliding block 2031; the sleeve 202 and the collecting pipe 203 are both connected with a grinding unit; two collecting pipes 203 are contacted; the lower end of the air suction pipe 41 is communicated with an air delivery pipe 204; the lower end of the air pipe 204 is communicated with an air extraction cover 205; an air filter 206 is fixedly connected to the lower side of the air extraction hood 205; the gas filter 206 is respectively connected with the two collecting pipes 203 in a sliding way through two second sliding blocks 2061; an infrared distance measuring probe 207 is connected to each of the lower sides of the two second sliders 2061 of the air filter 206.
As shown in fig. 8-10, the grinding unit comprises a sample inlet pipe 301, an annular sleeve 302, a push plate 303, a third fixing frame 304 and a grinding assembly; a plurality of sample injection pipes 301 are communicated with the interior of the surrounding connecting block 107; each sample inlet pipe 301 is of a curved arc structure which spirally rises from the outer side of the connecting block 107 to the inner side of the connecting block 107; an annular sleeve 302 is fixedly connected to the inner side of the connecting block 107; the lower end of the sleeve 202 is connected with the annular sleeve 302 in a sliding manner through a sliding block structure; a plurality of push plates 303 are welded around the inner side of the annular sleeve 302; a third fixing frame 304 is inserted between the lower ends of the two collecting pipes 203; the lower side of the third fixing frame 304 is connected with a grinding assembly; the grinding assembly is connected to the connecting block 107.
As shown in fig. 9, the grinding assembly includes a circular table 305, an annular slider 306 and a lower grinding plate 307; a circular truncated cone 305 is fixedly connected to the lower side of the third fixing frame 304; an annular sliding block 306 is fixedly connected to the lower side of the circular truncated cone 305; the annular slide block 306 is connected with the connecting block 107 in a sliding way; a plurality of lower grinding plates 307 are welded around the upper surface of the circular truncated cone 305; each push plate 303 is tightly attached to a lower grinding plate 307; the inner surface of the annular sleeve 302 and the outer surface of the round table 305 are in a tapered structure with a narrowed upper side and a widened lower side; each push plate 303 has an upwardly inclined configuration from the outside of the annular sleeve 302 to the inside of the annular sleeve 302.
Firstly, an output shaft of a driving motor 3 drives a first straight gear 101 to rotate, the first straight gear 101 is meshed with a second straight gear 105 to drive a first rod sleeve 104 and a drill rod 106 to rotate at a high speed, meanwhile, a lifting component 2 drives a first fixing frame 102 to move downwards slowly, so that the drill rod 106 drives a drill bit 108 to rotate at a high speed and move downwards, the first fixing frame 102 drives the drill rod 106 and the drill bit 108 to be attached to the ground surface to drill downwards slowly, the stratum is drilled longitudinally, the drill rod 106 slides downwards along a second rod sleeve 109, the drill rod 106 is guided by the second rod sleeve 109, and the phenomenon that the drill rod 106 shakes violently during the drilling downwards to cause large-area rock collapse of the side wall of a drilled cave is avoided.
Two collecting pipes 203 are spliced to form a complete collecting sleeve, during the drilling of the drill pipe 106, the vacuum generator 4 performs air suction operation on the inside of the collecting sleeve through the air suction pipe 41, the air conveying pipe 204 and the air suction cover 205, so that the inside of the collecting sleeve is kept in a low-pressure state, and meanwhile, the infrared distance measuring probe 207 is kept in an open state.
During the period that the drill stem 106 continuously penetrates into the ground layer along with the drill head 108, the drill head 108 rotating at high speed continuously crushes rock soil to obtain rock soil powder, the drill stem 106 drives the connecting block 107 to rotate, the connecting block 107 drives the sample injection pipe 301 to rotate at high speed, the sample injection pipe 301 captures small-size rock soil powder floating on the periphery of the drill stem 106, so that the rock soil powder entering the sample injection pipe 301 is applied with an upward inclined thrust force in the rotation process of the sample injection pipe 301, and is sucked down by the collecting sleeve in a low-pressure state and enters between the annular sleeve 302 and the circular truncated cone 305 along the sample injection pipe 301, the connecting block 107 drives the annular sleeve 302 to rotate at high speed, the annular sleeve 302 applies an upward inclined thrust force to the rock soil powder between the annular sleeve 302 and the circular truncated cone 305 through the push plate 303, and the rock soil powder between the annular sleeve 302 and the circular truncated cone 305 moves upward along the push plate 303 to enter the inside the collecting sleeve under the suction of the collecting sleeve in the low-pressure state, with the drill bit 108 continuously penetrating into the stratum, the drill rod 106 drives the sleeve 202 and the collecting sleeve to slide downwards, the collecting sleeve moves downwards along the static air filter 206, so that the space between the air filter 206 and the circular truncated cone 305 is gradually expanded, rock soil powder is continuously filled between the air filter 206 and the circular truncated cone 305 under the suction of negative pressure inside the collecting sleeve, the sampling work of the rock soil powder is completed, and the synchronous drilling work and the sampling work are realized.
After the rock-soil powder enters between the annular sleeve 302 and the circular truncated cone 305, the annular sleeve 302 drives the push plate 303 to rotate at a high speed, the push plate 303 is matched with the lower grinding plate 307 to grind the rock-soil powder, and then the rock-soil powder is continuously filled between the air filter plate 206 and the circular truncated cone 305 under the suction of negative pressure inside the collecting sleeve, so that the rock-soil powder is ground into rock-soil samples with uniform size, and the uniformity of filling the rock-soil samples in the collecting sleeve is improved.
During the process that the collecting sleeve sucks the rock-soil powder, the infrared distance measuring probe 207 keeps detecting the height of the rock-soil powder sucked into the collecting sleeve, as the drill pipe 106 continuously extends downwards into the stratum, the space between the air filter plate 206 and the circular table 305 continuously expands, when the infrared distance measuring probe 207 detects that the distance between the rock-soil sample filled in the collecting sleeve and the air filter plate 206 is longer and longer, the drilling speed of the drill pipe 106 is too high, the rock-soil powder cannot reach the space expanded between the air filter plate 206 and the circular table 305, at the moment, the lifting part 2 is required to reduce the speed of driving the first fixing frame 102 to move downwards until the speed of filling the rock-soil powder between the air filter plate 206 and the circular table 305 follows up the speed of expanding the space between the air filter plate 206 and the circular table 305, when the infrared distance measuring probe 207 detects that the distance between the rock-soil sample filled in the collecting sleeve and the air filter plate 206 is too close, the suction force of the collecting sleeve to the rock soil powder is too large, the intensity of air suction work on the inside of the collecting sleeve is reduced by the vacuum generator 4, the pressure inside the collecting sleeve is increased, the fact that the rock soil samples filled in the collecting sleeve keep normal distance with the air filter plate 206 is achieved, the situation that the inside of the collecting sleeve cannot generate a normal negative pressure state due to the fact that a large number of rock soil samples are gathered below the air filter plate 206 is avoided, and through the adjusting scheme, the situation that the distribution states of the rock soil samples with different depths collected in the collecting sleeve are close to the real depth distribution states of the rock soil samples with different depths is guaranteed.
Finally, the synchronous drilling work and the sampling work are realized, after the drilling work and the sampling work are finished, the driving motor 3 and the vacuum generator 4 stop rotating, the lifting component 2 drives the first fixing frame 102 to slowly reset upwards, the drill rod 106 and the drill bit 108 are enabled to upwards leave the stratum and are enabled to be pulled out by an operator, the collecting casing is pulled out from the casing 202, the two collecting pipes 203 are separated in a transverse state, the collected samples are displayed in the collecting pipes 203 located below, the samples displayed in the collecting pipes 203 are guaranteed to have good layering effects, representativeness of different depths of the samples is enabled not to be damaged, the working efficiency of the geotechnical investigation work is improved, and meanwhile, deviation between result data and real data is reduced.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 1 to 12, the present embodiment is further optimized on the basis of embodiment 1, and further includes an auxiliary sampling unit, the connection block 107 is provided with an auxiliary sampling unit, and the auxiliary sampling unit includes a spring telescopic rod 401, an arc-shaped mounting plate 402 and an external grinding plate 403; a plurality of spring telescopic rods 401 are fixedly connected to the outer surface of the surrounding connecting block 107; an arc-shaped mounting plate 402 is fixedly connected between the outer ends of two adjacent spring telescopic rods 401; a plurality of outer grinding plates 403 are welded to the outer surface of each arc-shaped mounting plate 402.
The high-speed rotatory drill bit 108 constantly drills up the rock soil and obtains ground powder, advances appearance pipe 301 simultaneously and catches the peripheral small-size ground powder that floats at drilling rod 106, makes ground powder collected to the collection cover of low pressure state intraductal, and when the ground texture around drill bit 108 was loose, this ground was difficult to be drilled up by drill bit 108 and is become the powder state, needs to carry out supplementary sampling work through supplementary sampling unit.
Firstly, as the drill stem 106 continuously extends downwards into the ground, the drill stem 106 drives the arc-shaped mounting plate 402 to rotate at a high speed, when the drill stem 106 drives the arc-shaped mounting plate 402 to downwards pass through the side wall of the drilled cave, the arc-shaped mounting plate 402 is blocked by the side wall of the cave to enable the spring telescopic rod 401 to be inwards extruded, the spring telescopic rod 401 generates an outward elastic force, meanwhile, the spring telescopic rod 401 applies a reverse thrust to the arc-shaped mounting plate 402 by means of the generated compression elasticity to enable the arc-shaped mounting plate 402 to be tightly attached to the side wall of the cave, the side wall of the cave is reversely extruded by the arc-shaped mounting plate 402 to expand around the cave to increase the density of the loose rock soil on the side wall of the cave, meanwhile, the drill stem 106 drives the arc-shaped mounting plate 402 to rotate at a high speed, the arc-shaped mounting plate 402 grinds the side wall of the cave with increased density through the external grinding plate 403, so that the rock soil with the increased density on the side wall of the cave is ground into powder, so that the sampling tube 301 captures the sample.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting the protection scope of the present invention, and although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made on the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. An intelligent drilling device with a sample collecting function for geotechnical engineering investigation comprises a main support (1), a lifting component (2), a driving motor (3), a vacuum generator (4) and a bottom support (5); the upper side of the main bracket (1) is connected with a lifting component (2); the middle part of the lifting part (2) is fixedly connected with a driving motor (3); a vacuum generator (4) is fixedly connected with the front side of the main bracket (1); a bottom bracket (5) is fixedly connected with the lower side of the main bracket (1); the method is characterized in that: the device also comprises a ground drilling unit, a sample collecting unit and a grinding unit; the lower side of the lifting component (2) is connected with a ground drilling unit which drills into the deep part of the rock soil; the output shaft of the driving motor (3) is connected with the earth drilling unit; the inner side of the ground drilling unit is connected with a sample collecting unit which synchronously collects samples in the ground drilling process; the vacuum generator (4) is connected with the sample collecting unit through an air suction pipe (41); the lower side of the ground drilling unit is connected with a grinding unit for crushing and collecting samples; the sample collecting unit is connected with the grinding unit.
2. The intelligent drilling apparatus with sample collection function for geotechnical engineering investigation according to claim 1, wherein: the earth drilling unit comprises a first straight gear (101), a first fixing frame (102), a bushing (103), a first rod sleeve (104), a second straight gear (105), a drill rod (106), a connecting block (107), a drill bit (108) and a second rod sleeve (109); a first straight gear (101) is fixedly connected with an output shaft of the driving motor (3); a first fixing frame (102) is fixedly connected to the left part of the lower side and the right part of the lower side of the lifting component (2); a lining (103) is fixedly connected between the two first fixing frames (102); a first rod sleeve (104) is rotatably connected to the inner side of the bushing (103); a second straight gear (105) is fixedly connected to the upper side of the first rod sleeve (104); the first straight gear (101) is meshed with the second straight gear (105); a drill rod (106) is fixedly connected to the inner side of the first rod sleeve (104); the lower end of the drill rod (106) is fixedly connected with a connecting block (107); the lower end of the connecting block (107) is fixedly connected with a drill bit (108) through threads; the inner side of the bottom bracket (5) is rotatably connected with a second rod sleeve (109); the lower side of the drill rod (106) is connected with a second rod sleeve (109) in a sliding way; the first fixing frame (102), the drill rod (106) and the connecting block (107) are all connected with the sample collecting unit; the connecting block (107) is connected with the grinding unit.
3. The intelligent drilling apparatus with sample collection function for geotechnical engineering investigation according to claim 2, wherein: the outer surface of the drill rod (106) is provided with a plurality of reinforcing rib structures.
4. The intelligent drilling apparatus with a sample collecting function for geotechnical engineering investigation according to claim 2, wherein: the sample collecting unit comprises a second fixing frame (201), a sleeve (202), a collecting pipe (203), an air conveying pipe (204), an air extracting cover (205), an air filtering plate (206) and an infrared distance measuring probe (207); the front sides of the two first fixing frames (102) are respectively fixedly connected with a second fixing frame (201); a sleeve (202) is fixedly connected between the two second fixing frames (201); the upper side of the sleeve (202) is rotatably connected with a drill rod (106); the lower side of the sleeve (202) is connected with the connecting block (107) in a sliding way through a sliding block structure; two collecting pipes (203) are respectively inserted into the inner side of the sleeve (202) through a first sliding block (2031); the sleeve (202) and the collecting pipe (203) are both connected with the grinding unit; the two collecting pipes (203) are contacted with each other; the lower end of the air suction pipe (41) is communicated with an air delivery pipe (204); the lower end of the gas pipe (204) is communicated with an air extraction cover (205); an air filter plate (206) is fixedly connected to the lower side of the air extraction cover (205); the air filter plate (206) is respectively connected with the two collecting pipes (203) in a sliding way through two second sliding blocks (2061); the lower sides of the two second sliding blocks (2061) of the air filter plate (206) are respectively connected with an infrared distance measuring probe (207).
5. The intelligent drilling apparatus with sample collection function for geotechnical engineering investigation according to claim 4, wherein: the grinding unit comprises a sample inlet pipe (301), an annular sleeve (302), a push plate (303), a third fixing frame (304) and a grinding assembly; a plurality of sample inlet pipes (301) are communicated around the inside of the connecting block (107); an annular sleeve (302) is fixedly connected to the inner side of the connecting block (107); the lower end of the sleeve (202) is connected with the annular sleeve (302) in a sliding manner through a sliding block structure; a plurality of push plates (303) are fixedly connected around the inner side of the annular sleeve (302); a third fixing frame (304) is inserted between the lower ends of the two collecting pipes (203); the lower side of the third fixing frame (304) is connected with a grinding assembly; the grinding component is connected with a connecting block (107).
6. The intelligent drilling apparatus with sample collection function for geotechnical engineering investigation according to claim 5, wherein: each sampling pipe (301) is in a curved arc structure which spirally rises from the outer side of the connecting block (107) to the inner side of the connecting block (107).
7. The intelligent drilling apparatus with sample collection function for geotechnical engineering investigation according to claim 5, wherein: the grinding assembly comprises a circular table (305), an annular sliding block (306) and a lower grinding plate (307); a round table (305) is fixedly connected to the lower side of the third fixing frame (304); an annular sliding block (306) is fixedly connected to the lower side of the circular truncated cone (305); the annular sliding block (306) is connected with the connecting block (107) in a sliding manner; a plurality of lower grinding plates (307) are fixedly connected around the upper surface of the circular table (305); each push plate (303) is attached to a lower grinding plate (307).
8. The intelligent drilling apparatus with sample collection function for geotechnical engineering investigation according to claim 7, wherein: the inner surface of the annular sleeve (302) and the outer surface of the round platform (305) are in a tapered structure with a narrowed upper side and a widened lower side.
9. The intelligent drilling apparatus with sample collection function for geotechnical engineering investigation according to claim 7, wherein: each push plate (303) is in an upward inclined structure from the outer side of the annular sleeve (302) to the inner side of the annular sleeve (302).
10. The intelligent drilling apparatus with sample collection function for geotechnical engineering investigation according to claim 2, wherein: the device is characterized by also comprising an auxiliary sampling unit, wherein the connecting block (107) is provided with the auxiliary sampling unit, and the auxiliary sampling unit comprises a spring telescopic rod (401), an arc-shaped mounting plate (402) and an external grinding plate (403); a plurality of spring telescopic rods (401) are fixedly connected to the outer surface of the surrounding connecting block (107); an arc-shaped mounting plate (402) is fixedly connected between the outer ends of two adjacent spring telescopic rods (401); the outer surface of each arc-shaped mounting plate (402) is fixedly connected with a plurality of external grinding plates (403).
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