CN110681711A - Extrusion-ECAP Extrusion deformation device and method for preparing fine-grained material - Google Patents
Extrusion-ECAP Extrusion deformation device and method for preparing fine-grained material Download PDFInfo
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- CN110681711A CN110681711A CN201911005211.3A CN201911005211A CN110681711A CN 110681711 A CN110681711 A CN 110681711A CN 201911005211 A CN201911005211 A CN 201911005211A CN 110681711 A CN110681711 A CN 110681711A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C23/00—Extruding metal; Impact extrusion
- B21C23/21—Presses specially adapted for extruding metal
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C23/00—Extruding metal; Impact extrusion
- B21C23/32—Lubrication of metal being extruded or of dies, or the like, e.g. physical state of lubricant, location where lubricant is applied
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C25/00—Profiling tools for metal extruding
- B21C25/02—Dies
Abstract
An Extrusion-ECAP Extrusion deformation device and a method for preparing fine-grained materials are disclosed, wherein an Extrusion cylinder (3) for placing materials is arranged in a lower die (2), a male die (4) for inserting the materials from the open end of the top of the Extrusion cylinder (3) and extruding the materials from the outlet end of the bottom of the Extrusion cylinder (3) is arranged at the bottom of an upper die (1), and the lower die (2) further comprises an equal-diameter Extrusion channel (5) positioned in the lower die (2); the outlet end of the bottom of the extrusion container (3) is in butt joint with the inlet end of the extrusion channel (5), the bevel (7) in the middle of the extrusion channel (5) is formed, and the outlet end of the extrusion channel (5) forms an outlet in the outer wall of the lower die (2). The method comprises the following steps: (1) coating a layer of lubricant on the inner wall of the extrusion cylinder (3) and the surface of the metal bar stock, and putting the bar into the extrusion cylinder (3); (2) extruding the bar, and deforming when passing through a bevel (7) in the middle of the extrusion channel (5); (3) and carrying out annealing treatment to obtain the fine-grained material.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of material processing, and particularly relates to an Extrusion-ECAP Extrusion deformation device and a method for preparing a fine-grained material.
Background
The method for refining the grains by deforming the material is a method for obviously improving the strength and the plasticity of the material. The prior art mainly comprises the following two types:
(1) and (3) extrusion deformation process:
the plastic flow is generated by extruding the material, thereby improving the structure and mechanical property of the material. The material with a certain length meeting the engineering use can be obtained after extrusion deformation, but the grain refining effect is unstable after extrusion deformation, so that the strength and plasticity of the obtained material can not meet the use requirements.
(2) Equal channel extrusion process (ECAP):
the diameter of the material is not changed in the extrusion process, but the material is subjected to strong shear deformation at the corner of the die, so that the material with ultra-fine grains can be obtained by carrying out large plastic deformation on the material through ECAP. However, the material obtained by this method is generally short in length and limited by the mold, and thus cannot be widely used in the engineering field.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an Extrusion-ECAP Extrusion deformation device and a method for preparing a fine-grained material.
The invention relates to an Extrusion-ECAP Extrusion deformation device and a method for preparing fine grain materials, wherein the Extrusion-ECAP Extrusion deformation device comprises an upper die 1 and a lower die 2, wherein an Extrusion barrel 3 for placing materials is arranged in the lower die 2, a convex die 4 for inserting the materials from the opening end of the top of the Extrusion barrel 3 and extruding the materials from the outlet end of the bottom of the Extrusion barrel 3 is arranged at the bottom of the upper die 1, and the lower die 2 also comprises an equal-diameter Extrusion channel 5 positioned in the lower die 2; the bottom of the extrusion container 3 is a funnel-shaped 6 with the caliber gradually reduced, the outlet end of the bottom of the extrusion container 3 is in butt joint with the inlet end of the extrusion channel 5, the bevel 7 in the middle of the extrusion channel 5 is formed, and the outlet end of the extrusion channel 5 forms an outlet on the outer wall of the lower die 2.
The method for preparing the fine grain material of the invention by using the Extrusion-ECAP Extrusion deformation device comprises the following steps:
(1) coating a layer of lubricant on the inner wall of an Extrusion cylinder 3 of the Extrusion-ECAP Extrusion deformation device and the surface of a metal bar blank, and putting the bar into the Extrusion cylinder 3;
(2) the male die 4 is controlled to extrude the bar at a set extrusion speed, the extruded bar is extruded and deformed when entering the extrusion channel 5, and ECAP deformation is generated when passing through the bevel 7 in the middle of the extrusion channel 5;
(3) and taking out the extruded and deformed material, and then carrying out annealing treatment to obtain the fine-grained material.
Compared with the defects and shortcomings of the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the grain size of the material obtained by the method is small and can reach below 1 mu m generally, so that the plasticity of the material is ensured while the strength of the material is greatly improved;
(2) the method can obtain the material with larger size in the length direction so as to meet the requirements of engineering application on the material.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an Extrusion-ECAP Extrusion deformation apparatus according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention relates to an Extrusion-ECAP Extrusion deformation device and a method for preparing fine grain materials, as shown in figure 1, the Extrusion-ECAP Extrusion deformation device comprises an upper die 1 and a lower die 2, wherein an Extrusion cylinder 3 for placing materials is arranged in the lower die 2, a convex die 4 for inserting the materials from the opening end of the top of the Extrusion cylinder 3 and extruding the materials from the outlet end of the bottom of the Extrusion cylinder 3 is arranged at the bottom of the upper die 1, and the lower die 2 further comprises an equal-diameter Extrusion channel 5 positioned in the lower die 2; wherein 3 bottoms of recipient are the infundibulate 6 that the bore diminishes gradually, and 3 bottom exit ends of this recipient dock with 5 entry ends of extruding the passageway, extrude the dog-ear 7 that is dog-ear turn setting in the middle part of passageway 5, and extrude 5 exit ends of passageway and form the export at 2 outer walls of lower mould.
As shown in fig. 1, in the above Extrusion-ECAP Extrusion deformation apparatus, the lower mold 1 is formed by assembling a left lower mold and a right lower mold which are symmetrical; wherein, extrude passageway 5 symmetry setting on left lower mould and right lower mould.
As shown in fig. 1, in the above Extrusion-ECAP Extrusion deformation apparatus, the upper mold 1 further includes an upper mold fixing plate 8, a male mold plate 9, and an upper mold positioning plate 10; wherein the bottom of the male die 4 is matched with an upper die positioning plate 10 and fixed on a male die plate 9, and the male die plate 9 is fixed on an upper die fixing plate 8.
As shown in fig. 1, in the above-mentioned Extrusion-ECAP compression deformation apparatus, the lower mold 2 further includes a lower mold fixing plate 11; wherein, the bottom of the lower die 2 is fixed on the lower die fixing plate 11.
The method for preparing the fine grain material of the invention by using the Extrusion-ECAP Extrusion deformation device comprises the following steps:
(1) coating a layer of lubricant on the inner wall of an Extrusion cylinder 3 of the Extrusion-ECAP Extrusion deformation device and the surface of a metal bar blank, and putting the bar into the Extrusion cylinder 3;
(2) the male die 4 is controlled to extrude the bar at a set extrusion speed, the extruded bar is extruded and deformed when entering the extrusion channel 5, and ECAP deformation is generated when passing through a bevel 7 in the middle of the extrusion channel 5;
(3) and taking out the extruded and deformed material, and then carrying out annealing treatment to obtain the fine-grained material.
In the method for preparing the fine crystalline material by using the Extrusion-ECAP, in the step (1), the metal bar stock is subjected to homogenization treatment before being put into the Extrusion cylinder 3.
In the invention, an Extrusion-ECAP process is obtained by combining an Extrusion deformation process and an ECAP process, so that the ECAP deformation is carried out on the material after one-time Extrusion deformation, the grain size of the material is obviously refined in the process, the plasticity of the material is increased while the strength of the material is improved, the adjustable range of the length size of the obtained product is larger, the influence of a die on the size of the product is greatly reduced, and the requirements of more engineering applications can be met.
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Example 1:
as shown in figure 1, the device of the invention comprises an upper die 1 and a lower die 2, wherein a container 3 for placing materials is arranged in the lower die 2, and a male die 4 for inserting the materials from the top opening end of the container 3 and extruding the materials from the bottom outlet end of the container 3 is arranged at the bottom of the upper die 1; the lower die 2 also comprises an equal-diameter extrusion channel 5 positioned in the lower die 2; wherein, 3 bottoms of recipient are the infundibulate 6 that the bore diminishes gradually, and 3 bottom exit ends of this recipient dock with 5 entry ends of extruding the passageway, extrude the dog-ear 7 that is dog-ear turn setting in the middle part of passageway 5, and extrude the passageway exit end and form the export at the lower mould outer wall.
In this embodiment, more specifically, the lower mold 2 is formed by assembling a left lower mold and a right lower mold which are symmetrical; wherein, extrude passageway 5 symmetry setting on left lower mould and right lower mould.
In this embodiment, more specifically, the upper mold 1 further includes an upper mold fixing plate 8, a male mold plate 9, and an upper mold positioning plate 10; wherein, the bottom of the convex die 4 is matched with the upper die positioning plate 8 and fixed on the convex die plate 9, and the convex die plate 9 is fixed on the upper die fixing plate 8.
In this embodiment, more specifically, the lower mold further includes a lower mold fixing plate 11; wherein, the bottom of the lower die 2 is fixed on the lower die fixing plate 11.
In this embodiment, there is no specific and optimal requirement for the angle of the bevel 7, and the material may be subjected to shear deformation at the corner. The bend is related to the corner radius, and the outer corner radius may be set to be greater than the inner corner radius by a distance of one channel diameter.
In the embodiment, a material is added into the extrusion container 3, the material is pressed into the extrusion channel 5 by matching with the male die 4, and in the process that the material enters the extrusion channel 5 from the extrusion container 3, the material is extruded and deformed because the diameter of the extrusion channel 5 is reduced; when the material passes through the bend 7 of the extrusion channel 5, the material is subjected to shear deformation (ECAP), and finally the required alloy material is obtained.
Example 2:
(1) smelting in a vacuum induction smelting furnace with argon protection, and then casting to obtain a qualified magnesium alloy ingot;
(2) heating the heat treatment furnace to about 400 ℃, then placing the magnesium alloy ingot, preserving the heat for 12 hours, and carrying out homogenization heat treatment to eliminate microsegregation;
(3) cooling the material to room temperature along with a heat treatment furnace, and then machining the material into an extruded blank;
(4) preheating an extruded blank to 250 ℃, coating a lubricant on the surface of the blank and the inner surface of an extrusion container, then putting the blank into the extrusion container for extrusion, and enabling the blank to generate extrusion deformation and ECAP deformation to obtain a bar material with phi 8mm multiplied by 100cm, wherein the extrusion temperature is 250 ℃, the extrusion rate is 4mm/s, and the extrusion ratio is 25;
(5) carrying out solution annealing on the bar obtained by extrusion, wherein the annealing process is carried out for heat preservation at 410 ℃ for 12h, and air cooling;
(6) and (3) carrying out acid washing on the obtained bar, and removing surface impurities, oxide scales and the like to obtain the alloy material with fine grains.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. An Extrusion-ECAP Extrusion deformation device comprises an upper die (1) and a lower die (2), and is characterized in that an Extrusion cylinder (3) for placing materials is arranged in the lower die (2), a convex die (4) for inserting the materials from the open end of the top of the Extrusion cylinder (3) and extruding the materials from the outlet end of the bottom of the Extrusion cylinder (3) is arranged at the bottom of the upper die (1), and the lower die (2) further comprises an equal-diameter Extrusion channel (5) positioned in the lower die (2); the bottom of the extrusion container (3) is a funnel-shaped part (6) with the caliber gradually reduced, the outlet end of the bottom of the extrusion container (3) is in butt joint with the inlet end of the extrusion channel (5), the bevel (7) in the middle of the extrusion channel (5) is formed, and the outlet end of the extrusion channel (5) forms an outlet in the outer wall of the lower die (2).
2. The Extrusion-ECAP Extrusion deformation apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the lower mold (1) is assembled by a left lower mold and a right lower mold which are symmetrical; wherein, extrude passageway (5) symmetry and set up on left lower mould and right lower mould.
3. The Extrusion-ECAP device according to claim 1, wherein said upper mold (1) further comprises an upper mold fixing plate (8), a male mold plate (9), and an upper mold positioning plate (10); wherein the bottom of the male die (4) is matched with the upper die positioning plate (10) and fixed on the male die plate (9), and the male die plate (9) is fixed on the upper die fixing plate (8).
4. The Extrusion-ECAP apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the lower mold (2) further comprises a lower mold fixing plate (11), wherein the bottom of the lower mold (2) is fixed on the lower mold fixing plate (11).
5. A method of making a fine grained material using the Extrusion-ECAP Extrusion deformation apparatus of claim 1, comprising the steps of:
(1) coating a layer of lubricant on the inner wall of an Extrusion cylinder (3) of the Extrusion-ECAP Extrusion deformation device and the surface of the metal bar blank, and putting the bar into the Extrusion cylinder (3);
(2) the male die (4) is controlled to extrude the bar at a set extrusion speed, the extruded bar is extruded and deformed when entering the extrusion channel (5), and ECAP deformation is generated when passing through a bevel (7) in the middle of the extrusion channel (5);
(3) and taking out the extruded and deformed material, and then carrying out annealing treatment to obtain the fine-grained material.
6. The Extrusion-ECAP process for producing fine crystalline material according to claim 5, wherein in step (1), said metal bar stock is homogenized before being placed in the Extrusion cylinder (3).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911005211.3A CN110681711A (en) | 2019-10-22 | 2019-10-22 | Extrusion-ECAP Extrusion deformation device and method for preparing fine-grained material |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201911005211.3A CN110681711A (en) | 2019-10-22 | 2019-10-22 | Extrusion-ECAP Extrusion deformation device and method for preparing fine-grained material |
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| CN110681711A true CN110681711A (en) | 2020-01-14 |
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| CN201911005211.3A Pending CN110681711A (en) | 2019-10-22 | 2019-10-22 | Extrusion-ECAP Extrusion deformation device and method for preparing fine-grained material |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111992591A (en) * | 2020-07-16 | 2020-11-27 | 兰州理工大学 | Extrusion-SECAP Extrusion deformation device and method for preparing fine crystalline material |
| CN112264473A (en) * | 2020-08-24 | 2021-01-26 | 中国工程物理研究院材料研究所 | Device and method for preparing high-chemical-activity metal fine-grain and ultra-fine-grain materials |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN202369626U (en) * | 2011-10-13 | 2012-08-08 | 陕西理工学院 | Metal-matrix composite change channel angular extrusion device |
| CN204769936U (en) * | 2015-07-24 | 2015-11-18 | 哈尔滨理工大学 | Equal channel angular extrusion and compound rod processingequipment who takes shape of forward extrusion |
| CN105921542A (en) * | 2016-04-19 | 2016-09-07 | 兰州理工大学 | Preparation method of magnesium alloy microtubule and special-purpose die |
| CN107309290A (en) * | 2017-07-28 | 2017-11-03 | 江苏大学 | The big strain mould of integrated extruding and equal channel angular detrusion |
-
2019
- 2019-10-22 CN CN201911005211.3A patent/CN110681711A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN202369626U (en) * | 2011-10-13 | 2012-08-08 | 陕西理工学院 | Metal-matrix composite change channel angular extrusion device |
| CN204769936U (en) * | 2015-07-24 | 2015-11-18 | 哈尔滨理工大学 | Equal channel angular extrusion and compound rod processingequipment who takes shape of forward extrusion |
| CN105921542A (en) * | 2016-04-19 | 2016-09-07 | 兰州理工大学 | Preparation method of magnesium alloy microtubule and special-purpose die |
| CN107309290A (en) * | 2017-07-28 | 2017-11-03 | 江苏大学 | The big strain mould of integrated extruding and equal channel angular detrusion |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111992591A (en) * | 2020-07-16 | 2020-11-27 | 兰州理工大学 | Extrusion-SECAP Extrusion deformation device and method for preparing fine crystalline material |
| CN112264473A (en) * | 2020-08-24 | 2021-01-26 | 中国工程物理研究院材料研究所 | Device and method for preparing high-chemical-activity metal fine-grain and ultra-fine-grain materials |
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