CN107309290A - The big strain mould of integrated extruding and equal channel angular detrusion - Google Patents
The big strain mould of integrated extruding and equal channel angular detrusion Download PDFInfo
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- CN107309290A CN107309290A CN201710629831.9A CN201710629831A CN107309290A CN 107309290 A CN107309290 A CN 107309290A CN 201710629831 A CN201710629831 A CN 201710629831A CN 107309290 A CN107309290 A CN 107309290A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C25/00—Profiling tools for metal extruding
- B21C25/02—Dies
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C23/00—Extruding metal; Impact extrusion
- B21C23/001—Extruding metal; Impact extrusion to improve the material properties, e.g. lateral extrusion
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Abstract
The big strain mould of a kind of integrated extruding and equal channel angular detrusion, mainly including upper bolster（6）, die case（12）, punch-pin（7）, die shoe（16）, preceding core rod（11）With rear core rod（10）And the working chamber formed between the two, including extrusion chamber（17）, equal channel angular shearing chamber（18）, discharging chamber（19）.It is characterized in that punch-pin（7）And guide pillar（3）It is installed on punch retainer（8）It is interior, upper bolster（6）, punch retainer（8）It is tightened to an entirety, preceding core rod（11）With rear core rod（10）It is embedded in die case（12）It is interior, die case（12）And guide pin bushing（2）It is anchored on die shoe（16）On, preceding core rod（11）, rear core rod（10）And die case（12）Between be taper fit.The present invention can effectively press the defects such as the loose, stomata of material, prepare the material of great number of grains refinement, and effectively control texture, to reach the purpose for improving material property.It is simple in construction, it is easy to adjust.
Description
Technical field
Processing mold is modified the present invention relates to a kind of metal material, especially one kind is by making metal material first pass through extruding
Carry out equal channel angular detrusion again to change the processing mold of material structure and performance, specifically a kind of extrusion type connects
Continuous extruding and equal channel angular detrusion processing mold.
Background technology
Since 1990s mid-term, Equal-channel Angular Pressing (Equal Channel Angular Pressing,
Abbreviation ECAP) technology paid much attention to by global material circle, has developed into a weight for preparing high-performance metal materials
Want method.Processing of the ECAP technologies to material has that shearing force is big, shear strain big, can efficiently refine material structure with being mingled with
The characteristics of thing, elimination hole defect, the cross-sectional area of sample is constant in ECAP extrusion processes are carried out, and the material processed
Material has that intensity is high, plasticity is good, forming property is good, fatigue behaviour is good, corrosion resistance is good, ultra precision cutting and anodized surface
Many performances such as quality height, therefore sub-micron can be successfully obtained to the severe plastic deformation of material by multi-pass extruding realization
Brilliant even nanocrystalline material.
So far, ECAP technologies are for there is the material of the defects such as loose, stomata, and its effect processed is not very
It is good.And extrusion technique, in extrded material, the stress state in plastically deforming area on deformable body unit section is essentially three-dimensional pressure
Stress state, i.e. axial compression stress, hoop pressure stress and radial compressive stress, can effectively press the defects such as the loose, stomata of material, but
It is that its deformation direction is single, shear strain is small, material structure degree of refinement is relatively low.
Extruding is to be combined together traditional extruding with ECAP with the big strain gauge technique of equal channel angular detrusion, that is, is existed
Increase by one of extrusion process before ECAP, realize that the procedure of one set of die one completes extruding and ECAP, material is first extruded into mould
Carry out equal channel angular detrusion again, Integration ofTechnology advantage of the extruding with both ECAP overcomes both deficiencies,
Large scale material can be processed, and increases the performance of dependent variable and grain structure refinement.
Therefore, industrially popularization and application extruding with the integrated big strain gauge techniques of ECAP, it is necessary to handle well mould obdurability,
Workpiece large strain deformation quality (internal flaw, strain size, strain uniformity etc.), the big strain processing of workpiece consecutive quantized
Between contradiction, this in mould in addition to it will integrally carry out And Strengthening And Toughening Design, it is necessary to the working chamber (core rod die cavity) of mould
Structural parameters carry out selection and optimization.The technology solve traditional ECAP moulds can not effectively press loose, stomata etc. lack
It is the problem of sunken material, significant to further improving material property, up to the present, not yet have and a kind of utilize extruding
The mould that high-performance metal materials are prepared with ECAP continuous extrusion deformations is available, at present yet not no this skill both at home and abroad
The relevant report of art, this technology has originality.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to lack compression in rapidoprint and difficult for existing equal channel angular extrusion die
Effectively to press the defects such as the loose, stomata of material, design is a kind of to be combined together traditional extruding with ECAP, can be carried out continuously
The novel extrusion and the integrated big strain processing mold of equal channel angular detrusion of extruding and equal channel angular detrusion, with even
It is continuous to prepare the material of great number of grains refinement, and texture is effectively controlled, to reach the purpose for improving material property, and can be real
Existing industrialized production provides required equipment.
The technical scheme is that：
A kind of big strain mould of integrated extruding and equal channel angular detrusion, it is characterized in that it include upper bolster 6, it is convex
Mould fixed plate 8, die case 12, guide pillar 3, punch-pin 7, guide pin bushing 2, die shoe 16, preceding core rod 11 and rear core rod 10 and between the two
Extrusion chamber 17, equal channel angular shearing chamber 18 and the discharging chamber 19 of formation, upper bolster 6 are fixed on the upper table of loading machinery
On, punch-pin 7 and guide pillar 3 are installed in punch retainer 8, are positioned and interior hexagonal with pin 4 between upper bolster 6, punch retainer 8
Fillister head screw 5 is fastened, and preceding core rod 11 and rear core rod 10 are embedded in die case 12 after being positioned with pin 9 and 13, the lower end of punch-pin 7
It is inserted into extrusion chamber 17, die case 12 and guide pin bushing 2 are arranged on die shoe 16, preceding core rod 11, rear core rod 10 and die case 12
Between be taper fit, provided with the tapping channel that is communicated with discharging chamber 19 on die case 12, die shoe 16 is installed on loading machine
On the lower table of tool；The die cavity of preceding core rod 11 and rear core rod 10 formation is mainly made up of three parts：Part I die cavity is crowded
Chamber 17 is pressed, length is L1, a diameter of Φ1, length can be put into extrusion chamber 17 for L5, a diameter of Φ1Raw material；Part II
Die cavity is equal channel angular shearing chamber 18, has one section of reducing taper to lead between extrusion chamber 17 and equal channel angular shearing chamber 18
Road, diameter is respectively Φ above and below it1And Φ2, it is highly L2；Equal channel angular shearing chamber 18 is by two intersecting cylinders etc.
Passage is constituted, and diameter is Φ2, the passage length such as two intersecting cylinders is respectively L3And L4, angle is 120 degree, inside and outside to cut
Corner cut is θ；Part III die cavity is discharging chamber 19, a diameter of Φ3。
The extrusion ratio of described extrusion chamber 17 and the reducing of corner shearing chamber 18Extrusion chamber 17 it is straight
Footpath is Φ1, 0.6≤L2/ Φ1≤ 0.8,40mm≤L5≤45mm are length of material；Equal channel angular shears a diameter of of chamber 18
Φ2, shearing interior exterior angle θ be two end faces for connecting the equal arc section of two cylindrical sections L3, L4 angle be 60 degree, corner cuts
The angle i.e. cylindrical section L3 and L4 axis angle of cut for cutting chamber is 120 degree, passage length L3, L4 and diameter of phi2It must keep 0.9≤
L3/Φ2≤ 1.1,0.9≤L4/ Φ2≤ 1.1 relation, in order to reduce the frictional force in extrusion process, passage afterbody discharging chamber 19
Diameter of phi3Ensure 1.2 Φ2≦Φ3≦1.4Φ2。
The working chamber formed between described preceding core rod 11 and rear core rod 10 i.e. core rod die cavity is after extrusion chamber 17, reducing
Equal channel angular shears chamber 18 and discharging chamber 19 is constituted.
Described preceding core rod 11 and rear core rod 10 are embedded in die case 12 after being positioned with pin 9,13.
Cooperation cone angle between described preceding core rod 11, rear core rod 10 and die case 12 is 4~8 degree.
Tapping channel on described die case 12 must be connected unimpeded with discharging chamber 19, and tapered channel diameter must be kept
Between 16mm-20mm.
Positioned and be tightened to by hexagon socket cap head screw 5 with pin 4 between described upper bolster 6, punch retainer 8
One dismountable overall structure.
Described die shoe 16, die case 12 and guide pin bushing 2 is fastened by hexagon socket cap head screw 1,14 and pin 15.
Pass through optimization design mould core structural parameters, the angle on design transition inclined-plane, bend angle, channel diameter and length
Proportionate relationship of degree etc., has reconciled mould obdurability, workpiece large strain deformation quality size, uniformity etc., low-durometer material work
Contradiction between the production of part consecutive quantized.
Core rod, to modular form, solves the unmanageable technical barrier of mould core die cavity using preceding core rod and rear core rod.
Core rod is embedded in die case, die case and is fixed on die shoe, it is ensured that the obdurability of large mold, stability, reliable
Property, security.
Taper fit taper is used between core rod and die case for 4~8 degree, the detachability of core rod is improved.
Die shoe 16 and die case 12 are fastened with the positioning of pin 15 and hexagon socket cap head screw 14, and die shoe 16 is installed on
On hydraulic press workbench.
Beneficial effects of the present invention：
(1) present invention adds one of extrusion process before equal channel angular detrusion, realizes extruding and connects with ECAP
Continuous processing, solves the problem of existing ECAP can not effectively press the defects such as material loose, stomata, solves theoretical and actual combination
Problem.
(2) present invention solves mould obdurability, workpiece large strain deformation well by the optimization design of mould structure
Contradiction between quality strain size, strain uniformity etc., the continuously extruded processing with equal channel angular detrusion of workpiece.
(3) present invention can implement to extrude and be processed with equal channel angular detrusion and broken to diameter 20mm aluminum alloy materials
Change the defects such as its field trash pressing loose, stomata of material, regulate and control crystal orientation, obtain ultrafine-grained (UFG) microstructure.
(4) all parts of inventive die are all detachable, and mould maintenance is convenient.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is extruding and the integrated big strain core rod figure of equal channel angular detrusion of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is extruding and the big strain mould assembling front view of equal channel angular detrusion of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is extruding and the big strain mould assembling plan view of equal channel angular detrusion of the present invention
Fig. 4 is extruding and the integrated big strain simulation result figure of equal channel angular detrusion of the present invention
In figure：4th, 9,13,15 be alignment pin；11 be preceding core rod；12 be die case；2 be guide pin bushing；1st, 5,14 be hexagon socket head
Screw；16 be die shoe；6 be upper bolster；7 be punch-pin；3 be guide pillar；8 be punch retainer；10 be rear core rod；17 be extruding
Chamber；18 be that equal channel angular shears chamber；19 be discharging chamber.
Embodiment
The present invention is further illustrated with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
As Figure 1-3.
The big strain mould of a kind of integrated extruding and equal channel angular detrusion, it includes upper bolster 6, punch retainer
8th, die case 12, guide pillar 3, punch-pin 7, guide pin bushing 2, die shoe 16, preceding core rod 11 and rear core rod 10 and formed between the two squeeze
Chamber 17, equal channel angular shearing chamber 18 and discharging chamber 19 are pressed, upper bolster 6 is fixed on the upper table of loading machinery, the He of punch-pin 7
Guide pillar 3 is installed in punch retainer 8, is positioned and hexagon socket cap head screw with pin 4 between upper bolster 6, punch retainer 8
5 are tightened to a dismountable overall structure, and preceding core rod 11 and rear core rod 10 are embedded in die case 12 after being positioned with pin 9 and 13
Interior, the lower end of punch-pin 7 is inserted into extrusion chamber 17, and die case 12 and guide pin bushing 2 are arranged on die shoe 16, described die shoe
16th, die case 12 and guide pin bushing 2 are fastened by hexagon socket cap head screw 1,14 and pin 15.Preceding core rod 11, rear core rod 10 and recessed
It is taper fit between die sleeve 12, it is 4~8 degree to coordinate cone angle.Go out on die case 12 provided with the taper communicated with discharging chamber 19
Expect passage, tapered channel diameter preferably must be held between 16mm-20mm.Die shoe 16 is installed on the lower table of loading machinery
On；The working chamber formed between described preceding core rod 11 and rear core rod 10 i.e. core rod die cavity by after extrusion chamber 17, reducing etc. it is logical
Road corner shearing chamber 18 and the part of discharging chamber 19 3 composition：Part I die cavity is extrusion chamber 17, and length is L1, a diameter of Φ1,
Length can be put into extrusion chamber 17 for L5, a diameter of Φ1Raw material；Part II die cavity is equal channel angular shearing chamber 18,
There is one section of reducing tapered channel between extrusion chamber 17 and equal channel angular shearing chamber 18, diameter is respectively Φ above and below it1And Φ2, it is high
Spend for L2；Equal channel angular shearing chamber 18 is made up of passages such as two intersecting cylinders, and diameter is Φ2, two intersecting
The passage lengths such as cylinder are respectively L3And L4, angle is 120 degree, and the inside and outside angle of shear is θ；Part III die cavity is discharging chamber 19,
A diameter of Φ3.It is specific and the extrusion ratio of the extrusion chamber 17 described in side and the reducing of corner shearing chamber 18 can beA diameter of Φ of extrusion chamber 171(during such as 20mm), 0.6≤L2/ Φ1≤ 0.8,40mm≤L5≤45mm
For length of material；Equal channel angular shears a diameter of Φ of chamber 182(being then 10mm), the interior exterior angle θ of shearing are two circles of connection
The angle of two end faces of shell of column L3, L4 equal arc section is 60 degree, the angle i.e. cylindrical section L3 and L4 axle of corner shearing chamber
The line angle of cut is 120 degree, passage length L3, L4 and diameter of phi20.9≤L3/ Φ must be kept2≤ 1.1,0.9≤L4/ Φ2≦1.1
Relation, in order to reduce the frictional force in extrusion process, the diameter of phi of passage afterbody discharging chamber 193Ensure 12mm≤Φ3≦
14mm。
Mould installion process is：Die case 12 and guide pin bushing 2 are fixed in die shoe 16, with pin 15 and socket head screw
1st, 14 positioned and fastened；It is put into after front and rear core rod 10,11 is positioned with pin 9,13 in die case 12；By punch-pin 7 and guide pillar 3
It is installed in punch retainer 8；Upper bolster 6, punch retainer 8 are positioned with pin 4 and hexagon socket cap head screw 5 is fastened；
After the convex portions and female mold part matched moulds of the mould assembled by more than, loading is installed to mechanical (on hydraulic press).
Big strain extrudes the course of work：Put the workpiece in squeezing passage, pressure of the workpiece in loading mechanical (hydraulic press)
Under power effect, workpiece is a part of to enter vertical ECAP passages by crimp, continues to extrude, and workpiece intersecting in core rod turns
Detrusion occurs for angle；When workpiece upper end goes downwards to squeezing passage end, stop loading, reversely start loading machinery up convex
Mould, is put into fine aluminium into squeezing passage, loads again, and previous workpiece is pushed away into extrusion die using fine aluminium；And so on, realize and squeeze
Pressure is processed with equal channel angular detrusion.
The simulation example that extruding is processed with equal channel angular detrusion is carried out the following is the method according to the present invention, but not
These examples are only limited to, for the blank of heterogeneity, as long as using the method for the invention, can reach the mesh of the present invention
's.
Example 1：Extruding and a diameter of 20mm of squeezing passage of the integrated big strain mould of equal channel angular detrusion, extruding
Than for 4:1, passage angle is 120 °, L3 and Φ2For 1:1 proportionate relationship.Can successfully by 7075 aluminium alloy extruded processing, and
Effective strain is normal with equivalent strain, and material strain effect is good, and extruding force is about 12t, meets expection, such as Fig. 4.
Example 2：Extruding and the squeezing passage diameter of phi of the integrated big strain mould of equal channel angular detrusion1=20mm,
Extrusion ratio is 4:1, passage angle is 120 °, L3 and Φ2For 1.2:1 proportionate relationship, L5=40mm, L2/ Φ1=0.5, L3=
L4, θ=60 °, Φ3=14mm.Can be successfully by 7075 aluminium alloy extruded processing, effective strain is normal with equivalent strain, but
Extruding force about 25t, and it is larger to beat, material is difficult to smooth extrusion.
Example 3：Extruding and a diameter of 20mm of squeezing passage of the integrated big strain mould of equal channel angular detrusion, extruding
Than for 5:1, passage angle is 120 °, L3 and Φ2For 1:1 proportionate relationship, L5=40mm, L2/ Φ1=0.5, L3=L4, θ=
60°,Φ3=14mm.Equivalent strain becomes big suddenly in extrusion process, and extruding force is about 10t, but bounce is big, does not reach expection
Effect.
Example 4：Extruding and a diameter of 20mm of squeezing passage of the integrated big strain mould of equal channel angular detrusion, extruding
Than for 6:1, passage angle is 120 °, L3 and Φ2For 1:1 proportionate relationship, L5=40mm, L2/ Φ1=0.5, L3=L4, θ=
60°,Φ3=14mm.Equivalent strain becomes very large in extrusion process, and material is difficult to smooth extrusion, and performance does not reach expection
Effect, extruding force is about 12t.
Part that the present invention does not relate to is same as the prior art or can be realized using prior art.
Claims (8)
1. the big strain mould of a kind of integrated extruding and equal channel angular detrusion, it is characterized in that it include upper bolster (6), it is convex
Mould fixed plate (8), die case (12), guide pillar (3), punch-pin (7), guide pin bushing (2), die shoe (16), preceding core rod (11) and rear core rod
(10) extrusion chamber (17), equal channel angular shearing chamber (18) and the discharging chamber (19) and between the two formed, upper bolster (6) is solid
Due on the upper table of loading machinery, punch-pin (7) and guide pillar (3) are installed in punch retainer (8), upper bolster (6), punch-pin
Fixed plate (8) fastening is connected, and preceding core rod (11) is embedded in after being connected with rear core rod (10) in die case (12), under punch-pin (7)
End is inserted into extrusion chamber (17), and die case (12) and guide pin bushing (2) are arranged on die shoe (16), are provided with die case (12)
The tapping channel communicated with discharging chamber (19), die shoe (16) is installed on the lower table of loading machinery；Preceding core rod (11) and
The die cavity of core rod (10) formation is mainly made up of three parts afterwards：Part I die cavity is extrusion chamber (17), and length is L1, it is a diameter of
Φ1, length can be put into extrusion chamber (17) for L5, a diameter of Φ1Raw material；Part II die cavity is equal channel angular shearing
Chamber (18), has one section of reducing tapered channel between extrusion chamber (17) and equal channel angular shearing chamber (18), diameter point above and below it
Wei not Φ1And Φ2, it is highly L2；Equal channel angular shearing chamber (18) is made up of passages such as two intersecting cylinders, diameter
It is Φ2, the passage length such as two intersecting cylinders is respectively L3And L4, angle is 120 degree, and the inside and outside angle of shear is θ；3rd
Partly molding cavity is discharging chamber (19), a diameter of Φ3。
2. mould according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described extrusion chamber (17) and corner shearing chamber (18) reducing
Extrusion ratioA diameter of Φ of extrusion chamber (17)1, 0.6≤L2/ Φ1≤ 0.8,40mm≤L5≤45mm is
Length of material；A diameter of Φ of equal channel angular shearing chamber (18)2, shearing interior exterior angle θ be connection two cylindrical sections L3, L4 it is equal
Arc section two end faces angle be 60 degree, the angle i.e. cylindrical section L3 and L4 axis angle of cut of corner shearing chamber be 120
Degree, passage length (L3, L4) and diameter (Φ2) 0.9≤L3/ Φ must be kept2≤ 1.1,0.9≤L4/ Φ2≤ 1.1 relation,
In order to reduce the frictional force in extrusion process, the diameter of phi of passage afterbody discharging chamber (19)3Ensure 1.2 Φ2≦Φ3≦1.4Φ2。
3. mould according to claim 1, it is characterized in that formed between described preceding core rod (11) and rear core rod (10)
Working chamber is that core rod die cavity shears chamber (18) by the equal channel angular after extrusion chamber (17), reducing and discharging chamber (19) is constituted.
4. mould according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described preceding core rod (11) and rear core rod (10) pin (9,13)
It is embedded in after positioning in die case (12).
5. the mould according to claim 1 or 4, it is characterized in that described preceding core rod (11), rear core rod (10) and die case
(12) it is taper fit between, cone angle is 4~8 degree.
6. mould according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the tapping channel on described die case (12) must be with discharging
Chamber (19) connection is unimpeded, and tapered channel diameter preferably must be held between 16mm-20mm.
7. mould according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described upper bolster (6), punch retainer use pin between (8)
(4) position and a dismountable overall structure is tightened to by hexagon socket cap head screw (5).
8. mould according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described die shoe (16), die case (12) and guide pin bushing (2) are logical
Cross hexagon socket cap head screw (1,14) and pin (15) fastening.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710629831.9A CN107309290A (en) | 2017-07-28 | 2017-07-28 | The big strain mould of integrated extruding and equal channel angular detrusion |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710629831.9A CN107309290A (en) | 2017-07-28 | 2017-07-28 | The big strain mould of integrated extruding and equal channel angular detrusion |
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| CN107309290A true CN107309290A (en) | 2017-11-03 |
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ID=60175032
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Cited By (4)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110369542A (en) * | 2019-08-14 | 2019-10-25 | 江苏大学 | A kind of continuous expanding extruding mold |
| CN110681711A (en) * | 2019-10-22 | 2020-01-14 | 兰州理工大学 | Extrusion-ECAP Extrusion deformation device and method for preparing fine-grained material |
| CN111992591A (en) * | 2020-07-16 | 2020-11-27 | 兰州理工大学 | Extrusion-SECAP Extrusion deformation device and method for preparing fine crystalline material |
| CN112620372A (en) * | 2020-12-23 | 2021-04-09 | 太原理工大学 | Mold and method for preparing magnesium alloy plate strip with weak basal plane texture by continuous differential extrusion |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110369542A (en) * | 2019-08-14 | 2019-10-25 | 江苏大学 | A kind of continuous expanding extruding mold |
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| CN111992591A (en) * | 2020-07-16 | 2020-11-27 | 兰州理工大学 | Extrusion-SECAP Extrusion deformation device and method for preparing fine crystalline material |
| CN112620372A (en) * | 2020-12-23 | 2021-04-09 | 太原理工大学 | Mold and method for preparing magnesium alloy plate strip with weak basal plane texture by continuous differential extrusion |
| CN112620372B (en) * | 2020-12-23 | 2022-05-24 | 太原理工大学 | Mold and method for preparing weak basal plane texture magnesium alloy plate strip through continuous differential extrusion |
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